{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-13", "no": 13, "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经", "title": "第十三章", "titleSimp": "第十三章", "intro": "《老子》第十三章，河上公題「猒恥」（通行作「厭恥」），唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「寵辱章」。全章六句：首句總標「寵辱若驚，貴大患若身」，次二句設問而釋寵辱，再次二句設問而釋貴患，末句以「貴以身為天下」「愛以身為天下」寄託作結。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「及吾無身」下一條輯文，故其說僅見於貴患、有身、無身諸組；王弼以一段注通釋首三句，寄託二句注文互見。分章則河上公、王弼本以此章為第十三章；吳澄、魏源合上章於前，此章在其本題為第十二章。", "introSimp": "《老子》第十三章，河上公题「猒耻」（通行作「厌耻」），唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏轼并题「宠辱章」。全章六句：首句总标「宠辱若惊，贵大患若身」，次二句设问而释宠辱，再次二句设问而释贵患，末句以「贵以身为天下」「爱以身为天下」寄托作结。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏轼《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章仅存「及吾无身」下一条辑文，故其说仅见于贵患、有身、无身诸组；王弼以一段注通释首三句，寄托二句注文互见。分章则河上公、王弼本以此章为第十三章；吴澄、魏源合上章于前，此章在其本题为第十二章。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的十三家舊注並列對讀。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的十三家旧注并列对读。", "slug": "13", "order": 13, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「寵辱若驚，貴大患若身」設問起筆，分釋寵辱與貴患二義，末以「貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，嚴遵此章僅存「及吾無身」下一條輯文，王弼以一段注通釋首三句，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「宠辱若惊，贵大患若身」设问起笔，分释宠辱与贵患二义，末以「贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，严遵此章仅存「及吾无身」下一条辑文，王弼以一段注通释首三句，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-13.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-13.json", "url": "/laozi/13/", "volumeId": "daojing", "volumeTitle": "道經", "volumeTitleSimp": "道经", "orderLabel": "第十三" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》輯文）、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德真經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；陸希聲、呂惠卿、李榮三家據《道藏》本，參焦竑《老子翼》所輯", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "嚴遵此章僅存一條輯文，底本「貴大亡於身」語義未安，「亡」疑讀為「忘」，或「大」下脫「患」字，姑仍其舊並存疑。王弼注「驚辱等，榮患同也」，「驚」疑當作「寵」。唐玄宗御注「痛瘥寒溫」，「瘥」疑當作「癢」，《玄德纂疏》所引作「痛癢寒溫」；御疏「形骸外困於奔競」，一作「外因」。李榮注「不能同天地之不仁」，《玄德纂疏》所引無「不」字，今從李榮專本；憨山「故日」為「故曰」之訛，逕改。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》辑文）、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德真经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；陆希声、吕惠卿、李荣三家据《道藏》本，参焦竑《老子翼》所辑", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "严遵此章仅存一条辑文，底本「贵大亡于身」语义未安，「亡」疑读为「忘」，或「大」下脱「患」字，姑仍其旧并存疑。王弼注「惊辱等，荣患同也」，「惊」疑当作「宠」。唐玄宗御注「痛瘥寒温」，「瘥」疑当作「痒」，《玄德纂疏》所引作「痛痒寒温」；御疏「形骸外困于奔竞」，一作「外因」。李荣注「不能同天地之不仁」，《玄德纂疏》所引无「不」字，今从李荣专本；憨山「故日」为「故曰」之讹，迳改。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 6, "commentaries": 44, "charNotes": 11, "collations": 11 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「猒恥」，謂身寵身辱皆驚，貴大患至身，有身則憂勤勞、遇禍患，無身則體道自然；末以貴身賤人者可暫寄、愛身為民者可長託為說。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「猒耻」，谓身宠身辱皆惊，贵大患至身，有身则忧勤劳、遇祸患，无身则体道自然；末以贵身贱人者可暂寄、爱身为民者可长托为说。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章謂寵必有辱、榮必有患，得寵辱榮患若驚則不足以亂天下；大患生於厚養，人迷榮寵而返之於身；無身則歸於自然，不以寵辱榮患易其身乃可付天下。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章谓宠必有辱、荣必有患，得宠辱荣患若惊则不足以乱天下；大患生于厚养，人迷荣宠而返之于身；无身则归于自然，不以宠辱荣患易其身乃可付天下。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章分寵辱、貴患、寄託三段，以達者譬窮通於寒暑、比榮辱於儻來為說，末以暫寄永託分判貴身與愛身。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章分宠辱、贵患、寄托三段，以达者譬穷通于寒暑、比荣辱于傥来为说，末以暂寄永托分判贵身与爱身。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以操捨驚心、寵為辱本、身為患本為說，末以忘寵辱、忘身、忘天下明寄託之極致；御疏敷衍其義，以寵辱循環、貴身凌人為說。", "count": 10, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以操舍惊心、宠为辱本、身为患本为说，末以忘宠辱、忘身、忘天下明寄托之极致；御疏敷衍其义，以宠辱循环、贵身凌人为说。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「及吾無身」下一條輯文；以休心道德、翱翔混冥、尊寵卑賤無所少多、貴大亡於身為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章仅存「及吾无身」下一条辑文；以休心道德、翱翔混冥、尊宠卑贱无所少多、贵大亡于身为说。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李注", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "生卒不詳", "color": "#4f6b7a", "desc": "唐初道士，以重玄遣執解《老》；此章以官高慮危、寵辱易驚為說，謂寵為辱本、有身則有患，末以太上貴德、明王愛人明寄託。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "生卒不详", "descSimp": "唐初道士，以重玄遣执解《老》；此章以官高虑危、宠辱易惊为说，谓宠为辱本、有身则有患，末以太上贵德、明王爱人明寄托。", "shortSimp": "李注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章以道德充內則外物不能移、寵為辱本為說，謂有身者大患之本，唯貴愛用其身於天下者可以寄託。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章以道德充内则外物不能移、宠为辱本为说，谓有身者大患之本，唯贵爱用其身于天下者可以寄托。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "北宋新學一系；此章以寵者畜於人、貴者畜人為說，謂有驚則有辱、有身則有患，唯寵而不有其寵、貴而不有其貴如舜者可以寄託天下。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "北宋新学一系；此章以宠者畜于人、贵者畜人为说，谓有惊则有辱、有身则有患，唯宠而不有其宠、贵而不有其贵如舜者可以寄托天下。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "以性為說；此章謂達人驚寵如驚辱、貴身如貴大患，辱生於寵故寵為下，知性無壞而身非實則患盡去，祿以天下而重以身任之乃可予天下。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以性为说；此章谓达人惊宠如惊辱、贵身如贵大患，辱生于宠故宠为下，知性无坏而身非实则患尽去，禄以天下而重以身任之乃可予天下。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "元代朱學大家；此章以名位之尊反觀則辱、貨財之富反觀則患為說，謂有身則憂慮百端，知道者不肯以身為天下，乃可以寄託天下；其本合上章，此題第十二章。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "元代朱学大家；此章以名位之尊反观则辱、货财之富反观则患为说，谓有身则忧虑百端，知道者不肯以身为天下，乃可以寄托天下；其本合上章，此题第十二章。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "晚明高僧；此章以名利為大害、教人重道忘身為說，謂寵乃下賤、貴為禍基，唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，愛身為天下而非私愛一己。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "晚明高僧；此章以名利为大害、教人重道忘身为说，谓宠乃下贱、贵为祸基，唯有道者临莅天下不以为己显，爱身为天下而非私爱一己。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清代今文經學家；此章訓寵為榮、貴為重，謂世人榮其辱、貴其患，惟自私其身故有患，能外身則無患得患失；末辨舊解以驚寵為當然、以寄託為付重任之失。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清代今文经学家；此章训宠为荣、贵为重，谓世人荣其辱、贵其患，惟自私其身故有患，能外身则无患得患失；末辨旧解以惊宠为当然、以寄托为付重任之失。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "以「兩端生於一致」解《老》；此章謂眾人納天下於身、至人外其身於天下，寵辱皆驚是納驚自滑，貴患累身是納患自梏，唯無身者以耳目任耳目而驚患消。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "以「两端生于一致」解《老》；此章谓众人纳天下于身、至人外其身于天下，宠辱皆惊是纳惊自滑，贵患累身是纳患自梏，唯无身者以耳目任耳目而惊患消。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身。", "textSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身。", "translation": "得宠和受辱都为之惊动，把大患看得与自身同等贵重。", "translationTrad": "得寵和受辱都為之驚動，把大患看得與自身同等貴重。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c007", "c011", "c016", "c021", "c027", "c032", "c033", "c034", "c038", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002", "n003" ], "key": "laozi-13:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "何謂寵辱若驚？", "textSimp": "何谓宠辱若惊？", "translation": "什么叫作得宠、受辱都像受到惊吓？", "translationTrad": "什麼叫作得寵、受辱都像受到驚嚇？", "noteIds": [ "c002", "c007", "c012", "c017", "c022", "c028", "c032", "c033", "c035", "c039", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [], "key": "laozi-13:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚。", "textSimp": "宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊。", "translation": "受宠其实是卑下的；得到它会惊喜，失去它会惊惧，这就叫得宠、受辱都像受到惊吓。", "translationTrad": "受寵其實是卑下的；得到它會驚喜，失去它會驚懼，這就叫得寵、受辱都像受到驚嚇。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c007", "c012", "c017", "c022", "c028", "c032", "c033", "c035", "c039", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n004", "n005", "n006" ], "key": "laozi-13:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "何謂貴大患若身？", "textSimp": "何谓贵大患若身？", "translation": "什么叫作把大患看得与自身同等贵重？", "translationTrad": "什麼叫作把大患看得與自身同等貴重？", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c008", "c013", "c018", "c023", "c029", "c032", "c033", "c036", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [], "key": "laozi-13:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患？", "textSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患？", "translation": "我之所以有大患，是因为我有这个身体；等到我没有这个身体，我还有什么祸患呢？", "translationTrad": "我之所以有大患，是因為我有這個身體；等到我沒有這個身體，我還有什麼禍患呢？", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c009", "c014", "c019", "c024", "c026", "c030", "c032", "c033", "c036", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n007", "n008" ], "key": "laozi-13:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下。", "textSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下。", "translation": "所以，把贵重自身看得重于为天下的人，才可以把天下寄托给他；把爱惜自身看得重于为天下的人，才可以把天下托付给他。", "translationTrad": "所以，把貴重自身看得重於為天下的人，才可以把天下寄託給他；把愛惜自身看得重於為天下的人，才可以把天下託付給他。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c010", "c015", "c020", "c025", "c031", "c032", "c033", "c037", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n009", "n010", "n011" ], "key": "laozi-13:s006", "n": 6 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "身寵亦驚，身辱亦驚。貴，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆驚。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "身宠亦惊，身辱亦惊。贵，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆惊。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱", "kind": "note", "text": "問何謂之寵，何謂之辱？寵，尊榮也；辱，恥辱也。還自問者，為曉於人。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "问何谓之宠，何谓之辱？宠，尊荣也；辱，耻辱也。还自问者，为晓于人。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "辱為下賤。得寵榮者驚，處高位如臨危也，貴不敢驕，富不敢奢；失者，失寵處辱，驚者，恐禍重來。解上得之若驚、失之若驚。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "辱为下贱。得宠荣者惊，处高位如临危也，贵不敢骄，富不敢奢；失者，失宠处辱，惊者，恐祸重来。解上得之若惊、失之若惊。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "復還自問。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "复还自问。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "有身則憂其勤勞，念其饑寒，觸情縱欲，則遇禍患。使吾無身，體道自然，輕舉升雲，出入無間，與道通神，當有何患？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "有身则忧其勤劳，念其饥寒，触情纵欲，则遇祸患。使吾无身，体道自然，轻举升云，出入无间，与道通神，当有何患？", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "言人君貴其身而賤人，欲為天下之主者，則可寄止，不可託也。言人君能愛其身，非為己也，乃欲為萬民之父母；以此德為天下之主，乃可以託身於民上，長無咎也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "言人君贵其身而贱人，欲为天下之主者，则可寄止，不可托也。言人君能爱其身，非为己也，乃欲为万民之父母；以此德为天下之主，乃可以托身于民上，长无咎也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身。何謂寵辱若驚？寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "寵必有辱，榮必有患，驚辱等，榮患同也。為下，得寵辱榮患若驚，則不足以亂天下也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "宠必有辱，荣必有患，惊辱等，荣患同也。为下，得宠辱荣患若惊，则不足以乱天下也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身。何谓宠辱若惊？宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "大患，榮寵之屬也。生之厚，必入死之地，故謂之大患也。人迷之於榮寵，返之於身，故曰大患若身也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "大患，荣宠之属也。生之厚，必入死之地，故谓之大患也。人迷之于荣宠，返之于身，故曰大患若身也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "由有其身也。歸之自然也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "由有其身也。归之自然也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "無以易其身，故曰貴也，如此乃可以託天下也。無物可以損其身，故曰愛也，如此乃可以寄天下也。不以寵辱榮患損易其身，然後乃可以天下付之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "无以易其身，故曰贵也，如此乃可以托天下也。无物可以损其身，故曰爱也，如此乃可以寄天下也。不以宠辱荣患损易其身，然后乃可以天下付之也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "寵為榮愛之名，辱是戮恥之稱。若，如也；驚，恐也。言人得寵則逸豫喜歡，遭辱則怵惕憂恚，故得寵心驚喜，遭辱心驚怖；喜怖雖異，為驚即同，故言若也。然喜怖之情，皆非真性者也。是以達者譬窮通於寒暑，比榮辱於儻來，生死不撓其神，何貴賤之能驚也。貴謂爵位，亦是自貴己身也；大患謂煩惱老病等也。言凡人但知矜貴此身而惡大患，不知大患即是我身，多求資養，終歸滅壞，故貴身即是貴患，惡患即可惡身，為貴與大患俱以身為本，故言若也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "宠为荣爱之名，辱是戮耻之称。若，如也；惊，恐也。言人得宠则逸豫喜欢，遭辱则怵惕忧恚，故得宠心惊喜，遭辱心惊怖；喜怖虽异，为惊即同，故言若也。然喜怖之情，皆非真性者也。是以达者譬穷通于寒暑，比荣辱于傥来，生死不挠其神，何贵贱之能惊也。贵谓爵位，亦是自贵己身也；大患谓烦恼老病等也。言凡人但知矜贵此身而恶大患，不知大患即是我身，多求资养，终归灭坏，故贵身即是贵患，恶患即可恶身，为贵与大患俱以身为本，故言若也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱若驚？寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "假設疑問也。寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，解釋其義也。世情顛倒，以寵為上；惠心觀照，足為鄙下。何者？為得寵心驚喜，失寵心驚怖，此之兩驚，本由一寵，故可為下也。結成辱寵之義。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "假设疑问也。宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，解释其义也。世情颠倒，以宠为上；惠心观照，足为鄙下。何者？为得宠心惊喜，失宠心惊怖，此之两惊，本由一宠，故可为下也。结成辱宠之义。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱若惊？宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "假設疑問。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "假设疑问。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "此答前問。執著我身，不能忘遣，為身愁毒，即是大患，故知貴我身者與患不殊。故《西昇經》云：身為惱本，痛癢寒溫，吾拘於身，知為大患也。只為有所以有身患，身既無矣，患豈有焉？故我無身，患將安託？所言無者，坐忘喪我，隳體離形，即身無身；無身非是滅壞而稱無也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "此答前问。执着我身，不能忘遣，为身愁毒，即是大患，故知贵我身者与患不殊。故《西升经》云：身为恼本，痛痒寒温，吾拘于身，知为大患也。只为有所以有身患，身既无矣，患岂有焉？故我无身，患将安托？所言无者，坐忘丧我，隳体离形，即身无身；无身非是灭坏而称无也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "不知身是大患，矜而貴之，自貴其身，恒欲陵物，如此之人，適可暫寓於世間，不得久視於天下。寄是暫時寄寓，託謂永相附託。言能保愛己身，不輕馳騖，謙以自牧，雌而順物者，則可以託化於天下。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "不知身是大患，矜而贵之，自贵其身，恒欲陵物，如此之人，适可暂寓于世间，不得久视于天下。寄是暂时寄寓，托谓永相附托。言能保爱己身，不轻驰骛，谦以自牧，雌而顺物者，则可以托化于天下。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "操之則慄，捨之則悲，未忘寵辱，故皆驚也。身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患矣。此合云貴身如貴大患，而乃云貴大患如身者，欲明起心貴身即是大患，有貴即身是大患，故云貴大患如身。若，如也。此上兩句正標。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "操之则栗，舍之则悲，未忘宠辱，故皆惊也。身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患矣。此合云贵身如贵大患，而乃云贵大患如身者，欲明起心贵身即是大患，有贵即身是大患，故云贵大患如身。若，如也。此上两句正标。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱，寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "前標寵辱如驚，恐人不了，故問何謂寵辱。夫得寵驕盈，無不生禍，是知寵為辱本，故答云寵為下矣。寵辱循環，寵為辱本，凡情惑滯，驚辱而不驚寵，故聖人戒云：汝之得寵當如汝得辱而驚，則汝之失寵得辱亦如吾戒汝得寵而驚懼也。故結云是謂寵辱若驚。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "前标宠辱如惊，恐人不了，故问何谓宠辱。夫得宠骄盈，无不生祸，是知宠为辱本，故答云宠为下矣。宠辱循环，宠为辱本，凡情惑滞，惊辱而不惊宠，故圣人戒云：汝之得宠当如汝得辱而惊，则汝之失宠得辱亦如吾戒汝得宠而惊惧也。故结云是谓宠辱若惊。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱，宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "恐人不曉，即身是患本，故問之。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "恐人不晓，即身是患本，故问之。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "身相虛幻，本無真實。為患本者，以吾執有其身，痛瘥寒溫，故為身患。能知天地委和，皆非我有，離形去智，了身非身，同於大通，夫有何患？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "身相虚幻，本无真实。为患本者，以吾执有其身，痛瘥寒温，故为身患。能知天地委和，皆非我有，离形去智，了身非身，同于大通，夫有何患？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "此章首標寵辱之戒，後以寄託結成者：夫寵辱若驚，未忘寵辱；貴愛以為，未忘貴愛。故以辱校寵，則辱不如寵；以貴方愛，則貴不如愛。驚寵辱者，尚有寵辱介懷；存貴愛者，未為兼忘天下。故初則使驚寵辱，後欲令寵辱俱忘，假寄託之名，辯兼忘之極致。忘寵辱則無所復驚，忘身則無為患本，忘天下則無寄託之近名。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "此章首标宠辱之戒，后以寄托结成者：夫宠辱若惊，未忘宠辱；贵爱以为，未忘贵爱。故以辱校宠，则辱不如宠；以贵方爱，则贵不如爱。惊宠辱者，尚有宠辱介怀；存贵爱者，未为兼忘天下。故初则使惊宠辱，后欲令宠辱俱忘，假寄托之名，辩兼忘之极致。忘宠辱则无所复惊，忘身则无为患本，忘天下则无寄托之近名。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "shu", "text": "若，如也，言寵辱之驚相如也。夫操之則寵，捨之則辱，言人不能心齊榮辱，矜徇功名，執權既以為光寵，失勢自傷於卑辱；光寵則矜恃，卑辱則驚嗟，故陳戒使其若驚，欲令齊其寵辱。貴，矜貴也；若，亦如也；身者，禍患之源。夫耽玩聲色，矜競榮華，皆為有身，遂成患本，即貴其身者，復何異乎貴大患矣？即身本是患，等無有異；未能無患，秪為有身，即此貴身同貴大患。若能無患，亦復亡身，是知患由貴生，身由患有，故云貴大患若身。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "若，如也，言宠辱之惊相如也。夫操之则宠，舍之则辱，言人不能心齐荣辱，矜徇功名，执权既以为光宠，失势自伤于卑辱；光宠则矜恃，卑辱则惊嗟，故陈戒使其若惊，欲令齐其宠辱。贵，矜贵也；若，亦如也；身者，祸患之源。夫耽玩声色，矜竞荣华，皆为有身，遂成患本，即贵其身者，复何异乎贵大患矣？即身本是患，等无有异；未能无患，秪为有身，即此贵身同贵大患。若能无患，亦复亡身，是知患由贵生，身由患有，故云贵大患若身。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱，寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "shu", "text": "前標寵辱若驚，恐人不曉，故設問云何謂寵辱，還自答云寵為下。所以明寵為下者，夫恃寵則驕盈，驕盈則生禍，因寵獲禍，則寵為辱本，故知寵為下。得則為寵，失則為辱。若驚者，故寵辱循環，故寵為辱本。世間眾生得寵則欣喜，得辱則驚懼，故聖人戒之：禍福循環，譬之糾纏，寵辱無定，豈可獨驚？辱來既驚其禍患，寵至亦驚其驕逸，其驚相若，故云是謂寵辱若驚。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "前标宠辱若惊，恐人不晓，故设问云何谓宠辱，还自答云宠为下。所以明宠为下者，夫恃宠则骄盈，骄盈则生祸，因宠获祸，则宠为辱本，故知宠为下。得则为宠，失则为辱。若惊者，故宠辱循环，故宠为辱本。世间众生得宠则欣喜，得辱则惊惧，故圣人戒之：祸福循环，譬之纠缠，宠辱无定，岂可独惊？辱来既惊其祸患，宠至亦惊其骄逸，其惊相若，故云是谓宠辱若惊。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱，宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "shu", "text": "恐人不曉，設問以明。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "恐人不晓，设问以明。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "shu", "text": "吾所以有大患者，為吾執有身相，好榮惡辱，辯是與非，不得則大憂以懼，心神內竭於貪欲，形骸外困於奔競，薾然疲役，非患而何？無身者，謂能體了身相虛幻，本非真實，即當坐忘遺照，隳體黜聰，同大通之無主，均委和之非我，自然榮辱之途泯，愛惡之心息，所謂帝之懸解，復何計於大患乎？故云及吾無身，吾有何患。注云委和者，《莊子》丞答舜云：身非汝有，是天地之委和。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾执有身相，好荣恶辱，辩是与非，不得则大忧以惧，心神内竭于贪欲，形骸外困于奔竞，薾然疲役，非患而何？无身者，谓能体了身相虚幻，本非真实，即当坐忘遗照，隳体黜聪，同大通之无主，均委和之非我，自然荣辱之途泯，爱恶之心息，所谓帝之悬解，复何计于大患乎？故云及吾无身，吾有何患。注云委和者，《庄子》丞答舜云：身非汝有，是天地之委和。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "shu", "text": "言人君有自矜貴其身以為天下之主者，貴身則凌人，人故不附，可暫寄爾；若自愛其身以為天下之主者，愛身則慈人，人則樂推，故可託身於萬人之上，長為之主。然此章首標驚寵辱，終以寄託者，欲明驚寵辱不若忘寵辱，有貴愛不若忘貴愛，託天下不若忘天下。故又有大患為吾有身，驚寵辱未能物我都忘，則百慮一致，矜有則萬殊爭長。故忘寵辱則無所復驚，忘身則無為患本，忘天下則無寄託之迹，然後上有太上之君，下有下知之臣，無為無不為，不德而有德矣。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "言人君有自矜贵其身以为天下之主者，贵身则凌人，人故不附，可暂寄尔；若自爱其身以为天下之主者，爱身则慈人，人则乐推，故可托身于万人之上，长为之主。然此章首标惊宠辱，终以寄托者，欲明惊宠辱不若忘宠辱，有贵爱不若忘贵爱，托天下不若忘天下。故又有大患为吾有身，惊宠辱未能物我都忘，则百虑一致，矜有则万殊争长。故忘宠辱则无所复惊，忘身则无为患本，忘天下则无寄托之迹，然后上有太上之君，下有下知之臣，无为无不为，不德而有德矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "休心道德，記志神明，和為中主，澹若不生，無計之計，經營天地，無慮之慮，翱翔混冥，存忘變化，不以為異，尊寵卑賤，無所少多，貴大亡於身，故大患不能得，天網不能取也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "休心道德，记志神明，和为中主，澹若不生，无计之计，经营天地，无虑之虑，翱翔混冥，存忘变化，不以为异，尊宠卑贱，无所少多，贵大亡于身，故大患不能得，天网不能取也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "官高而慮危，賤極而多恥，皆懼也。夫外其身者，得失難駭；貴其身者，寵辱易驚。若也貴身即有大患，故言貴大患若身也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "官高而虑危，贱极而多耻，皆惧也。夫外其身者，得失难骇；贵其身者，宠辱易惊。若也贵身即有大患，故言贵大患若身也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱，寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "釋答也。寵為貴，應言上；辱為賤，應言下。今說寵則知有辱，言下自明於上，不能具出，略舉也。若依文而解，俗愛榮華，以寵為上，居上近危，榮來辱及，寵乃為下。寵則榮來，辱便枯至，得之與失，並悉皆驚，唯虛澹之人不駭其慮，此結上義也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "释答也。宠为贵，应言上；辱为贱，应言下。今说宠则知有辱，言下自明于上，不能具出，略举也。若依文而解，俗爱荣华，以宠为上，居上近危，荣来辱及，宠乃为下。宠则荣来，辱便枯至，得之与失，并悉皆惊，唯虚澹之人不骇其虑，此结上义也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱，宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "問也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "问也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "解也。有身帶榮悴之病，兼生死之災，故云大患也。虛己忘心，無身也。是夫患累起在於身，身苟忘也，則死生不能累，寵辱不能驚，何患之有？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "解也。有身带荣悴之病，兼生死之灾，故云大患也。虚己忘心，无身也。是夫患累起在于身，身苟忘也，则死生不能累，宠辱不能惊，何患之有？", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "太上貴德不貴身，明王愛人不愛己，苟能知此，則可以長久也。若貴身而賤物，愛己以憎人，不能同天地之不仁、齊日月而均照，則寄託而已。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "太上贵德不贵身，明王爱人不爱己，苟能知此，则可以长久也。若贵身而贱物，爱己以憎人，不能同天地之不仁、齐日月而均照，则寄托而已。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "第十三章", "kind": "note", "text": "寵辱者，榮悴之恒情；若驚者，得失之常心也。夫道德充於內，則外物不能移，故寵辱之來，心未嘗動，斯士之上也。如內不自得，外感於物，情存乎寵辱，得失皆若驚，此其次也。以心之所動異於震驚，故謂之若耳。夫高必以下為基，辱必以寵為本，故辱之與寵，猶響之尋聲、福兮禍所伏、寵兮辱所倚，聲發則響應，寵至則辱隨。俗情趨末，則驚辱而不驚寵；道心觀本，故驚寵而甚於辱。故曰寵為下者，言寵為辱本，所以偏可驚也。始言寵辱若驚，猶似齊至；後獨以寵為下而得失若驚者，明以驚寵為本也。且大患者，吉凶之事，有身者大患之本，是以執有其身則有大患，故知貴其身者乃貴大患也。嘻！貴彼大患，惑已甚矣。語常情之迷復，猶未及於貴身，故言貴患若身，譏其貴身之甚也。夫世之所謂吉者，富貴慶賞也，常患於失之；所謂凶者，貧賤刑罰也，常患於得之。患得之，患失之，則憂之矣，故天下之憂患莫大於吉凶。聖人以百姓心為心，故亦以吉凶為憂患。然憂患之本皆由於身，世人孰有我身不冥於物？群分類聚，愛惡相攻，吉凶既生，憂患斯作。至人體道無己，與物皆宜，和光同塵，長而不宰，故雖與民同患，不與聖人同憂。若夫以得失動其心，物我存乎懷，則寵辱不暫寧，吉凶未嘗息，安足為天下之正、居域中之大乎？唯能貴用其身為天下、愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身也。夫如此，則得失不在己，憂患不為身，似可以大位寄託之，猶不敢使為之主，而況據而有之哉？此大道之行、公天下之意也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "宠辱者，荣悴之恒情；若惊者，得失之常心也。夫道德充于内，则外物不能移，故宠辱之来，心未尝动，斯士之上也。如内不自得，外感于物，情存乎宠辱，得失皆若惊，此其次也。以心之所动异于震惊，故谓之若耳。夫高必以下为基，辱必以宠为本，故辱之与宠，犹响之寻声、福兮祸所伏、宠兮辱所倚，声发则响应，宠至则辱随。俗情趋末，则惊辱而不惊宠；道心观本，故惊宠而甚于辱。故曰宠为下者，言宠为辱本，所以偏可惊也。始言宠辱若惊，犹似齐至；后独以宠为下而得失若惊者，明以惊宠为本也。且大患者，吉凶之事，有身者大患之本，是以执有其身则有大患，故知贵其身者乃贵大患也。嘻！贵彼大患，惑已甚矣。语常情之迷复，犹未及于贵身，故言贵患若身，讥其贵身之甚也。夫世之所谓吉者，富贵庆赏也，常患于失之；所谓凶者，贫贱刑罚也，常患于得之。患得之，患失之，则忧之矣，故天下之忧患莫大于吉凶。圣人以百姓心为心，故亦以吉凶为忧患。然忧患之本皆由于身，世人孰有我身不冥于物？群分类聚，爱恶相攻，吉凶既生，忧患斯作。至人体道无己，与物皆宜，和光同尘，长而不宰，故虽与民同患，不与圣人同忧。若夫以得失动其心，物我存乎怀，则宠辱不暂宁，吉凶未尝息，安足为天下之正、居域中之大乎？唯能贵用其身为天下、爱用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身也。夫如此，则得失不在己，忧患不为身，似可以大位寄托之，犹不敢使为之主，而况据而有之哉？此大道之行、公天下之意也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "第十三章" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "第十三章", "kind": "note", "text": "寵者畜於人者也，下道也，寵而有其寵則辱矣。吾之所以有辱者，以吾有驚：未得之則驚，得之既得則驚失之。若吾無驚，吾有何辱？則寵之有辱者，亦若是而已。貴者畜人者也，上道也，貴而有其貴則有患矣。吾之所以有大患者，為吾有身，故吉亦我所患，凶亦我所患。若吾無身，吾有何患？則貴之有大患者，亦若是而已。言身則知驚之為心，言驚則知身之為累也。無心則無驚，無驚則無辱；無身則無累，無累則無患矣。昔者舜以匹夫而友天子，則可謂寵矣，而若固有之，則何辱之有哉？巍巍乎有天下，可謂貴矣，而不與有焉，則何大患之有哉？故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下，寵而招辱則賤其身矣，非可以寄天下者也；愛以身為天下，若可託天下，貴而罹患則危其身矣，非可以託天下者也。若夫寵而不有其寵，貴而不有其貴，如舜者，乃真可以寄託天下者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "宠者畜于人者也，下道也，宠而有其宠则辱矣。吾之所以有辱者，以吾有惊：未得之则惊，得之既得则惊失之。若吾无惊，吾有何辱？则宠之有辱者，亦若是而已。贵者畜人者也，上道也，贵而有其贵则有患矣。吾之所以有大患者，为吾有身，故吉亦我所患，凶亦我所患。若吾无身，吾有何患？则贵之有大患者，亦若是而已。言身则知惊之为心，言惊则知身之为累也。无心则无惊，无惊则无辱；无身则无累，无累则无患矣。昔者舜以匹夫而友天子，则可谓宠矣，而若固有之，则何辱之有哉？巍巍乎有天下，可谓贵矣，而不与有焉，则何大患之有哉？故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下，宠而招辱则贱其身矣，非可以寄天下者也；爱以身为天下，若可托天下，贵而罹患则危其身矣，非可以托天下者也。若夫宠而不有其宠，贵而不有其贵，如舜者，乃真可以寄托天下者也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "第十三章" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "古之達人，驚寵如驚辱，知寵之為辱先也；貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本也。是以遺寵而辱不及，忘身而患不至。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "古之达人，惊宠如惊辱，知宠之为辱先也；贵身如贵大患，知身之为患本也。是以遗宠而辱不及，忘身而患不至。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱，寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "所謂寵辱非兩物也，辱生於寵，而世不悟，以寵為上而以辱為下者皆是也。若知辱生於寵，則寵顧為下矣。故古之達人得寵若驚，失寵若驚，未嘗安寵而驚辱也。所謂若驚者，非實驚也，若驚而已。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "所谓宠辱非两物也，辱生于宠，而世不悟，以宠为上而以辱为下者皆是也。若知辱生于宠，则宠顾为下矣。故古之达人得宠若惊，失宠若惊，未尝安宠而惊辱也。所谓若惊者，非实惊也，若惊而已。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱，宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身？吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "貴之為言難也。有身，大患之本，而世之士難於履大患，不難於有其身，故聖人因其難於履患而教之以難於有身，知有身之為難而大患去矣。性之於人，生不能加，死不能損，其大可以充塞天地，其精可以蹈水火、入金石，凡物莫能患也。然天下常患亡失本性，而惟身之為見，愛身之情篤而物始能患之矣。生死疾病之變攻之於內，寵辱得失之交攖之於外，未有一物而非患也。夫惟達人知性之無壞而身之非實，忽然忘身而天下之患盡去，然後可以涉世而無累矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "贵之为言难也。有身，大患之本，而世之士难于履大患，不难于有其身，故圣人因其难于履患而教之以难于有身，知有身之为难而大患去矣。性之于人，生不能加，死不能损，其大可以充塞天地，其精可以蹈水火、入金石，凡物莫能患也。然天下常患亡失本性，而惟身之为见，爱身之情笃而物始能患之矣。生死疾病之变攻之于内，宠辱得失之交撄之于外，未有一物而非患也。夫惟达人知性之无坏而身之非实，忽然忘身而天下之患尽去，然后可以涉世而无累矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身？吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "人之所以騖於權利、溺於富貴、犯難而不悔者，凡將以厚其身耳。今也祿之以天下而重以身任之，則其忘身也至矣。如此而以天下予之，雖天下之大，不能患之矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "人之所以骛于权利、溺于富贵、犯难而不悔者，凡将以厚其身耳。今也禄之以天下而重以身任之，则其忘身也至矣。如此而以天下予之，虽天下之大，不能患之矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身", "kind": "note", "text": "寵猶愛也。名位之尊，人以為榮，反觀之則辱也，故知道者不愛，而愛之者於此而驚焉，謂不能忘之而以之動心也。貴猶重也。貨財之富，人以為大利，反觀之則大患也，故知道者不貴，而貴之者於此而身焉，身謂不能外之而以之自累也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "宠犹爱也。名位之尊，人以为荣，反观之则辱也，故知道者不爱，而爱之者于此而惊焉，谓不能忘之而以之动心也。贵犹重也。货财之富，人以为大利，反观之则大患也，故知道者不贵，而贵之者于此而身焉，身谓不能外之而以之自累也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "宠辱若惊，贵大患若身" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "何謂寵辱，辱為下，得之若驚，失之若驚", "kind": "note", "text": "謂之辱者，以其為卑下而不足為尊高也。或者貪慕於未得之先，一旦得之而驚焉；迷戀於既得之後，一旦失之而驚焉，是寵此辱而驚之者也，故曰寵辱若驚。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "谓之辱者，以其为卑下而不足为尊高也。或者贪慕于未得之先，一旦得之而惊焉；迷恋于既得之后，一旦失之而惊焉，是宠此辱而惊之者也，故曰宠辱若惊。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓宠辱，辱为下，得之若惊，失之若惊" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "何謂貴大患若身？吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患", "kind": "note", "text": "人有此生，憂慮百端，戰兢保持，死而後免，身為大患，無可奈何。貨財之為大患，則身外物也，棄而不有，何能為累？或者不知外物之輕，視之如一吾身之重，惟恐喪亡其所有，是貴此大患而身之者也，故曰貴大患若身。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "人有此生，忧虑百端，战兢保持，死而后免，身为大患，无可奈何。货财之为大患，则身外物也，弃而不有，何能为累？或者不知外物之轻，视之如一吾身之重，惟恐丧亡其所有，是贵此大患而身之者也，故曰贵大患若身。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "何谓贵大患若身？吾所以有大患者，为吾有身，及吾无身，吾有何患" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "故貴以身為天下，則可以寄天下；愛以身為天下，則可以託天下", "kind": "note", "text": "天子之尊，四海之富，皆以其身為天下者也。知道之人，愛惜貴重此身，不肯以之為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身。夫惟如此，乃可以寄託以天下也。寄猶寄百里之命之寄，託猶託六尺之孤之託。舜禹有天下而不與焉，所以可受唐虞之禪。彼寵其辱以為榮、貴其大患以為大利者，鄙夫爾，何可付之以天下哉？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "天子之尊，四海之富，皆以其身为天下者也。知道之人，爱惜贵重此身，不肯以之为天下，宁不有天下而不轻用其身。夫惟如此，乃可以寄托以天下也。寄犹寄百里之命之寄，托犹托六尺之孤之托。舜禹有天下而不与焉，所以可受唐虞之禅。彼宠其辱以为荣、贵其大患以为大利者，鄙夫尔，何可付之以天下哉？", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "故贵以身为天下，则可以寄天下；爱以身为天下，则可以托天下" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "第十三章", "kind": "note", "text": "此言名利之大害，教人重道忘身以袪累也。寵辱若驚者，望外之榮曰寵，謂世人皆以寵為榮，卻不知寵乃是辱，以其若驚。驚，心不安貌。貴大患若身者，崇高之位曰貴，即君相之位，謂世人皆以貴為樂，卻不知貴乃大患之若身。以身喻貴，謂身為苦本，貴為禍根，言必不可免也。此二句立定，向下徵而釋之曰：何謂寵是辱之若驚耶？寵為下，謂寵乃下賤之事耳。譬如僻倖之人，君愛之以為寵也，雖卮酒臠肉必賜之；非此，不見其為寵。及其賜也，必叩頭而啖之，將以為寵；彼無寵者，則傲然而立。以此較之，雖寵實乃辱之甚也，豈非下耶？故曰寵為下。且而未得之也，患得之；既得之也，患失之。是則競競得失於眉睫之間，其心未嘗暫自安。由此觀之，何榮之有？故曰得之若驚，失之若驚，此其所以寵是辱也。貴大患若身者，是以身之患喻貴之患也。然身乃眾患之本，既有此身，則饑寒病苦、死生大患，眾苦皆歸，必不可免，故曰吾所以有大患者，為吾有身；無身則無患矣，故曰及吾無身，吾有何患。然位乃禍之基也，既有此位，則是非交謫，冰炭攻心，眾毀齊至，內則殘生傷性以滅身，外則致寇招尤以取禍，必不可逃，故曰吾所以有大患者，為吾有貴；無貴則無患矣，故曰貴大患若身。唯有道者不得已而臨蒞天下，不以為己顯，雖處其位，但思道濟蒼生，不以為己榮，此則貴為天下貴，非一己之貴，如此之人，乃可寄之以天下之任。然有道者處崇高之位，雖愛其身，不是貪位慕祿以自保，實所謂衛生存身以行道，是則愛身乃為天下愛其身，非私愛一己之身，如此之人，乃可託以天下之權。故曰貴以身為天下，則可寄於天下；愛以身為天下，乃可託於天下。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此言名利之大害，教人重道忘身以袪累也。宠辱若惊者，望外之荣曰宠，谓世人皆以宠为荣，却不知宠乃是辱，以其若惊。惊，心不安貌。贵大患若身者，崇高之位曰贵，即君相之位，谓世人皆以贵为乐，却不知贵乃大患之若身。以身喻贵，谓身为苦本，贵为祸根，言必不可免也。此二句立定，向下征而释之曰：何谓宠是辱之若惊耶？宠为下，谓宠乃下贱之事耳。譬如僻幸之人，君爱之以为宠也，虽卮酒脔肉必赐之；非此，不见其为宠。及其赐也，必叩头而啖之，将以为宠；彼无宠者，则傲然而立。以此较之，虽宠实乃辱之甚也，岂非下耶？故曰宠为下。且而未得之也，患得之；既得之也，患失之。是则竞竞得失于眉睫之间，其心未尝暂自安。由此观之，何荣之有？故曰得之若惊，失之若惊，此其所以宠是辱也。贵大患若身者，是以身之患喻贵之患也。然身乃众患之本，既有此身，则饥寒病苦、死生大患，众苦皆归，必不可免，故曰吾所以有大患者，为吾有身；无身则无患矣，故曰及吾无身，吾有何患。然位乃祸之基也，既有此位，则是非交谪，冰炭攻心，众毁齐至，内则残生伤性以灭身，外则致寇招尤以取祸，必不可逃，故曰吾所以有大患者，为吾有贵；无贵则无患矣，故曰贵大患若身。唯有道者不得已而临莅天下，不以为己显，虽处其位，但思道济苍生，不以为己荣，此则贵为天下贵，非一己之贵，如此之人，乃可寄之以天下之任。然有道者处崇高之位，虽爱其身，不是贪位慕禄以自保，实所谓卫生存身以行道，是则爱身乃为天下爱其身，非私爱一己之身，如此之人，乃可托以天下之权。故曰贵以身为天下，则可寄于天下；爱以身为天下，乃可托于天下。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（節引）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "第十三章" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "第十三章", "kind": "note", "text": "寵，榮也；貴，重也。世人不知辱之為辱而寵之，不知患之為患而貴之，是榮其辱而貴其患也。若驚，甚言其寵也；若身，甚言其貴也。夫人莫不惡辱而畏患，今反謂其寵而貴之，何哉？蓋世人相習於妄見，則不知反其本；相安於當境，則未觀其終。何謂人之寵其辱哉？正以可辱者即人之所謂寵也。夫寵人者上人，寵於人者下人，為人下，非辱而何？而世人反榮之，得之則驚喜，失之則驚憂焉，是豈非惟辱是寵乎？寵辱之寵以己言，寵為下之寵以人言也。何謂人之貴其患若身哉？正以可患者皆人之所謂必不可無者也。人惟自私其身，有欲則有患；苟能外其身、後其身，何患得患失之有？然則凡養身之可欲者，非大患而何？而人專重之，一若與生俱生而不肯暫舍焉，是豈非貴大患若身乎？是皆不知自重自愛之道故也。倚人之寵以為重，而適以自輕；若果能自重，則雖榮以天下，而不肯輕以身處之矣。徇外之求以自奉，而適以自苦；若誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之矣。如此則若以身寄託於天地之間，蓋有天下而不與焉者，直若寄焉而已。淮南子引老子此語，而證以太王避邠、杖策而去於岐山之下是也。夫不能寵者復何辱之有？身外無所貴者，夫何患之自取哉？此章謬解不一，大抵以驚寵為當然，以忘身為幻泡，以寄託為可付重任，今悉不取。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "宠，荣也；贵，重也。世人不知辱之为辱而宠之，不知患之为患而贵之，是荣其辱而贵其患也。若惊，甚言其宠也；若身，甚言其贵也。夫人莫不恶辱而畏患，今反谓其宠而贵之，何哉？盖世人相习于妄见，则不知反其本；相安于当境，则未观其终。何谓人之宠其辱哉？正以可辱者即人之所谓宠也。夫宠人者上人，宠于人者下人，为人下，非辱而何？而世人反荣之，得之则惊喜，失之则惊忧焉，是岂非惟辱是宠乎？宠辱之宠以己言，宠为下之宠以人言也。何谓人之贵其患若身哉？正以可患者皆人之所谓必不可无者也。人惟自私其身，有欲则有患；苟能外其身、后其身，何患得患失之有？然则凡养身之可欲者，非大患而何？而人专重之，一若与生俱生而不肯暂舍焉，是岂非贵大患若身乎？是皆不知自重自爱之道故也。倚人之宠以为重，而适以自轻；若果能自重，则虽荣以天下，而不肯轻以身处之矣。徇外之求以自奉，而适以自苦；若诚能自爱，虽付以天下而惜以身任之矣。如此则若以身寄托于天地之间，盖有天下而不与焉者，直若寄焉而已。淮南子引老子此语，而证以太王避邠、杖策而去于岐山之下是也。夫不能宠者复何辱之有？身外无所贵者，夫何患之自取哉？此章谬解不一，大抵以惊宠为当然，以忘身为幻泡，以寄托为可付重任，今悉不取。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "lemmaSimp": "第十三章" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "第十三章", "kind": "evaluation", "text": "眾人納天下於身，至人外其身於天下。夫不見納天下者，有必至之憂患乎？寵至若驚，辱來若驚，則是納天下者，納驚以自滑也。大患在天下，納而貴之與身等。夫身且為患，而貴患以為重累之身，是納患以自梏也。唯無身者，以耳任耳，不為天下任聽；以目任目，不為天下任視；吾之耳目靜，而天下之視聽不熒；驚患去已，而消於天下，是以為百姓履藉而不傾。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "众人纳天下于身，至人外其身于天下。夫不见纳天下者，有必至之忧患乎？宠至若惊，辱来若惊，则是纳天下者，纳惊以自滑也。大患在天下，纳而贵之与身等。夫身且为患，而贵患以为重累之身，是纳患以自梏也。唯无身者，以耳任耳，不为天下任听；以目任目，不为天下任视；吾之耳目静，而天下之视听不荧；惊患去已，而消于天下，是以为百姓履藉而不倾。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "lemmaSimp": "第十三章" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "寵辱", "charSimp": "宠辱", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "chǒng rǔ", "gloss": "寵：尊榮、寵愛；辱：恥辱、屈辱。此指外來的榮寵與屈辱。", "glossSimp": "宠：尊荣、宠爱；辱：耻辱、屈辱。此指外来的荣宠与屈辱。", "general": "河上公注：「寵，尊榮也；辱，恥辱也。」李榮注：「官高而慮危，賤極而多恥，皆懼也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「宠，尊荣也；辱，耻辱也。」李荣注：「官高而虑危，贱极而多耻，皆惧也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "李荣注" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "若驚", "charSimp": "若惊", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "ruò jīng", "gloss": "如同受到驚嚇。若，如同；驚，驚恐。言得寵與受辱皆足以驚動其心。", "glossSimp": "如同受到惊吓。若，如同；惊，惊恐。言得宠与受辱皆足以惊动其心。", "general": "河上公注：「得之若驚，失之若驚。」王弼注：「寵辱等，榮患同也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「得之若惊，失之若惊。」王弼注：「宠辱等，荣患同也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 5, "end": 10, "char": "貴大患若身", "charSimp": "贵大患若身", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "guì dà huàn ruò shēn", "gloss": "把大患看得與自身一樣貴重。貴，重視、貴重；若，如、等同。", "glossSimp": "把大患看得与自身一样贵重。贵，重视、贵重；若，如、等同。", "general": "河上公注：「貴，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆驚。」御注：「身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患矣。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「贵，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆惊。」御注：「身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 3, "char": "寵為下", "charSimp": "宠为下", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "chǒng wéi xià", "gloss": "受寵其實是卑下的。一說寵是招致辱的根由，故為下。", "glossSimp": "受宠其实是卑下的。一说宠是招致辱的根由，故为下。", "general": "御注：「得寵驕盈，無不生禍，是知寵為辱本，故答云寵為下矣。」蘇轍注：「若知辱生於寵，則寵顧為下矣。」", "generalSimp": "御注：「得宠骄盈，无不生祸，是知宠为辱本，故答云宠为下矣。」苏辙注：「若知辱生于宠，则宠顾为下矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "御注", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 4, "end": 8, "char": "得之若驚", "charSimp": "得之若惊", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "dé zhī ruò jīng", "gloss": "得到寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "得到宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "河上公注：「得寵榮者驚，處高位如臨危也。」御注：「操之則慄，捨之則悲，未忘寵辱，故皆驚也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「得宠荣者惊，处高位如临危也。」御注：「操之则栗，舍之则悲，未忘宠辱，故皆惊也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 9, "end": 13, "char": "失之若驚", "charSimp": "失之若惊", "startSimp": 9, "endSimp": 13, "pinyin": "shī zhī ruò jīng", "gloss": "失去寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "失去宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "河上公注：「失者，失寵處辱。驚者，恐禍重來。」蘇轍注：「所謂若驚者，非實驚也，若驚而已。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「失者，失宠处辱。惊者，恐祸重来。」苏辙注：「所谓若惊者，非实惊也，若惊而已。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 10, "end": 12, "char": "有身", "charSimp": "有身", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 12, "pinyin": "yǒu shēn", "gloss": "執著於自身，把身體看作實有。", "glossSimp": "执著于自身，把身体看作实有。", "general": "王弼注：「由有其身也。」御注：「為患本者，以吾執有其身。」成玄英疏：「執著我身，不能忘遣，為身愁毒，即是大患。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「由有其身也。」御注：「为患本者，以吾执有其身。」成玄英疏：「执着我身，不能忘遣，为身愁毒，即是大患。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 15, "end": 17, "char": "無身", "charSimp": "无身", "startSimp": 15, "endSimp": 17, "pinyin": "wú shēn", "gloss": "不執著於身，並非毀滅形體。", "glossSimp": "不执著于身，并非毁灭形体。", "general": "成玄英疏：「坐忘喪我，隳體離形，即身無身；無身非是滅壞而稱無也。」王弼注：「歸之自然也。」", "generalSimp": "成玄英疏：「坐忘丧我，隳体离形，即身无身；无身非是灭坏而称无也。」王弼注：「归之自然也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "成玄英疏", "王弼注" ], "refsSimp": [ "成玄英疏", "王弼注" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 10, "end": 13, "char": "寄天下", "charSimp": "寄天下", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 13, "pinyin": "jì tiān xià", "gloss": "把天下暫時寄託於其人。寄，暫寄、寄寓。", "glossSimp": "把天下暂时寄托于其人。寄，暂寄、寄寓。", "general": "河上公注：「則可寄止，不可託也。」成玄英疏：「寄是暫時寄寓。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「则可寄止，不可托也。」成玄英疏：「寄是暂时寄寓。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 23, "end": 26, "char": "託天下", "charSimp": "托天下", "startSimp": 23, "endSimp": 26, "pinyin": "tuō tiān xià", "gloss": "把天下永久託付於其人。託，付託、依託。", "glossSimp": "把天下永久托付于其人。托，付托、依托。", "general": "河上公注：「乃可以託身於民上，長無咎也。」成玄英疏：「託謂永相附託。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「乃可以托身于民上，长无咎也。」成玄英疏：「托谓永相附托。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 1, "end": 7, "char": "貴以身為天下", "charSimp": "贵以身为天下", "startSimp": 1, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "guì yǐ shēn wéi tiān xià", "gloss": "把自身看得貴重於為天下；一說以貴重自身的方式對待天下。", "glossSimp": "把自身看得贵重于为天下；一说以贵重自身的方式对待天下。", "general": "王弼注：「無以易其身，故曰貴也。」吳澄注：「愛惜貴重此身，不肯以之為天下。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「无以易其身，故曰贵也。」吴澄注：「爱惜贵重此身，不肯以之为天下。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] } ], "glossary": { "寵辱": "外來的榮寵與屈辱。", "大患": "大的禍患；或指榮寵之屬，或指煩惱老病、死生之患。", "貴大患若身": "把大患看得與自身一樣貴重。", "寵為下": "受寵其實是卑下的，因寵為辱本。", "得之若驚": "得到寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "失之若驚": "失去寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "有身": "執著於自身，把身體看作實有。", "無身": "不執著於身，並非毀滅形體。", "寄天下": "把天下暫時寄託於其人。", "託天下": "把天下永久託付於其人。", "貴以身為天下": "把自身看得貴重於為天下。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次", "text": "河上公題「猒恥第十三」（通行作「厭恥」），唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「寵辱章第十三」；吳澄、魏源合上章於前，此章在其本題為第十二章。本站從通行分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公题「猒耻第十三」（通行作「厌耻」），唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙并题「宠辱章第十三」；吴澄、魏源合上章于前，此章在其本题为第十二章。本站从通行分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "何謂寵辱有無若驚", "text": "王弼、傅奕本作「何謂寵辱若驚」，河上公、唐玄宗御注、李榮、吳澄本無「若驚」二字；魏源從王弼、傅奕，並謂河上及開元本無之。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、傅奕本作「何谓宠辱若惊」，河上公、唐玄宗御注、李荣、吴澄本无「若惊」二字；魏源从王弼、傅奕，并谓河上及开元本无之。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "何谓宠辱有无若惊", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "寵為下與辱為下", "text": "王弼、傅奕、唐玄宗御注、李榮、蘇轍、呂惠卿本作「寵為下」，河上公、吳澄本作「辱為下」；陳景先、李道純作「寵為上，辱為下」。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、蘇轍《老子解》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "王弼、傅奕、唐玄宗御注、李荣、苏辙、吕惠卿本作「宠为下」，河上公、吴澄本作「辱为下」；陈景先、李道纯作「宠为上，辱为下」。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "宠为下与辱为下", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、苏辙《老子解》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "吳澄本無六字", "text": "吳澄本無「得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚」六字（魏源校語）；河上公、御注、李榮、蘇轍、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源諸本皆有。正文從王弼本。", "source": "吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》、王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "吴澄本无「得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊」六字（魏源校语）；河上公、御注、李荣、苏辙、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源诸本皆有。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "吴澄本无六字", "sourceSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》、王弼《老子道德经注》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "及吾無身與苟吾無身", "text": "王弼、河上公、御注、成玄英、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山本作「及吾無身」，李榮本作「及我無身」，魏源從傅奕作「苟吾無身」。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、御注、成玄英、苏辙、吴澄、憨山本作「及吾无身」，李荣本作「及我无身」，魏源从傅奕作「苟吾无身」。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "及吾无身与苟吾无身", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "若可寄天下與則可寄於天下", "text": "王弼、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍本作「若可寄天下」「若可託天下」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、吳澄、憨山、魏源作「則（乃）可寄（託）於天下」；傅奕本「天下」下各有「者」字。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙本作「若可寄天下」「若可托天下」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、吴澄、憨山、魏源作「则（乃）可寄（托）于天下」；傅奕本「天下」下各有「者」字。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "若可寄天下与则可寄于天下", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k006" }, { "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "王弼寄託二注互見", "text": "王弼注於「若可寄天下」下云「如此乃可以託天下也」，於「若可託天下」下云「如此乃可以寄天下也」，寄、託二注互見，非底本錯簡；主張「寄」「託」有暫久之別者，多據河上公、成玄英。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》", "textSimp": "王弼注于「若可寄天下」下云「如此乃可以托天下也」，于「若可托天下」下云「如此乃可以寄天下也」，寄、托二注互见，非底本错简；主张「寄」「托」有暂久之别者，多据河上公、成玄英。", "headwordSimp": "王弼寄托二注互见", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》", "id": "k007" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "驚辱等", "text": "王弼注「驚辱等，榮患同也」，「驚」字諸本或作「寵」，疑當作「寵辱等，榮患同也」；今仍底本，存疑。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "王弼注「惊辱等，荣患同也」，「惊」字诸本或作「宠」，疑当作「宠辱等，荣患同也」；今仍底本，存疑。", "headwordSimp": "惊辱等", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "id": "k008" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "痛瘥寒溫", "text": "唐玄宗御注「痛瘥寒溫」，「瘥」疑當作「癢」，《玄德纂疏》所引正作「痛癢寒溫」；御疏「形骸外困於奔競」，一作「外因」。", "source": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、《道德真經玄德纂疏》", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注「痛瘥寒温」，「瘥」疑当作「痒」，《玄德纂疏》所引正作「痛痒寒温」；御疏「形骸外困于奔竞」，一作「外因」。", "headwordSimp": "痛瘥寒温", "sourceSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、《道德真经玄德纂疏》", "id": "k009" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "嚴遵輯文", "text": "嚴遵此章僅存一條輯文，底本「貴大亡於身」語義未安，「亡」疑讀為「忘」，或「大」下脫「患」字；姑仍其舊，存疑待考。", "source": "《道德真經玄德纂疏》", "textSimp": "严遵此章仅存一条辑文，底本「贵大亡于身」语义未安，「亡」疑读为「忘」，或「大」下脱「患」字；姑仍其旧，存疑待考。", "headwordSimp": "严遵辑文", "sourceSimp": "《道德真经玄德纂疏》", "id": "k010" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "李榮不仁與憨山故日", "text": "李榮注「不能同天地之不仁」，《玄德纂疏》所引無「不」字，今從李榮專本；憨山「故日」為「故曰」之訛，逕改。", "source": "李榮《道德真經注》、《道德真經玄德纂疏》、釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "李荣注「不能同天地之不仁」，《玄德纂疏》所引无「不」字，今从李荣专本；憨山「故日」为「故曰」之讹，迳改。", "headwordSimp": "李荣不仁与憨山故日", "sourceSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》、《道德真经玄德纂疏》、释德清《道德经解》", "id": "k011" } ], "glossarySimp": { "宠辱": "外来的荣宠与屈辱。", "大患": "大的祸患；或指荣宠之属，或指烦恼老病、死生之患。", "贵大患若身": "把大患看得与自身一样贵重。", "宠为下": "受宠其实是卑下的，因宠为辱本。", "得之若惊": "得到宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "失之若惊": "失去宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "有身": "执著于自身，把身体看作实有。", "无身": "不执著于身，并非毁灭形体。", "寄天下": "把天下暂时寄托于其人。", "托天下": "把天下永久托付于其人。", "贵以身为天下": "把自身看得贵重于为天下。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "寵辱", "headwordSimp": "宠辱", "pinyin": "chǒng rǔ", "gloss": "寵：尊榮、寵愛；辱：恥辱、屈辱。此指外來的榮寵與屈辱。", "glossSimp": "宠：尊荣、宠爱；辱：耻辱、屈辱。此指外来的荣宠与屈辱。", "general": "河上公注：「寵，尊榮也；辱，恥辱也。」李榮注：「官高而慮危，賤極而多恥，皆懼也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「宠，尊荣也；辱，耻辱也。」李荣注：「官高而虑危，贱极而多耻，皆惧也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "李荣注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "寵辱", "formSimp": "宠辱", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "若驚", "headwordSimp": "若惊", "pinyin": "ruò jīng", "gloss": "如同受到驚嚇。若，如同；驚，驚恐。言得寵與受辱皆足以驚動其心。", "glossSimp": "如同受到惊吓。若，如同；惊，惊恐。言得宠与受辱皆足以惊动其心。", "general": "河上公注：「得之若驚，失之若驚。」王弼注：「寵辱等，榮患同也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「得之若惊，失之若惊。」王弼注：「宠辱等，荣患同也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "若驚", "formSimp": "若惊", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "貴大患若身", "headwordSimp": "贵大患若身", "pinyin": "guì dà huàn ruò shēn", "gloss": "把大患看得與自身一樣貴重。貴，重視、貴重；若，如、等同。", "glossSimp": "把大患看得与自身一样贵重。贵，重视、贵重；若，如、等同。", "general": "河上公注：「貴，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆驚。」御注：「身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患矣。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「贵，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆惊。」御注：「身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "貴大患若身", "formSimp": "贵大患若身", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "寵為下", "headwordSimp": "宠为下", "pinyin": "chǒng wéi xià", "gloss": "受寵其實是卑下的。一說寵是招致辱的根由，故為下。", "glossSimp": "受宠其实是卑下的。一说宠是招致辱的根由，故为下。", "general": "御注：「得寵驕盈，無不生禍，是知寵為辱本，故答云寵為下矣。」蘇轍注：「若知辱生於寵，則寵顧為下矣。」", "generalSimp": "御注：「得宠骄盈，无不生祸，是知宠为辱本，故答云宠为下矣。」苏辙注：「若知辱生于宠，则宠顾为下矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "御注", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "寵為下", "formSimp": "宠为下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "得之若驚", "headwordSimp": "得之若惊", "pinyin": "dé zhī ruò jīng", "gloss": "得到寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "得到宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "河上公注：「得寵榮者驚，處高位如臨危也。」御注：「操之則慄，捨之則悲，未忘寵辱，故皆驚也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「得宠荣者惊，处高位如临危也。」御注：「操之则栗，舍之则悲，未忘宠辱，故皆惊也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "得之若驚", "formSimp": "得之若惊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "失之若驚", "headwordSimp": "失之若惊", "pinyin": "shī zhī ruò jīng", "gloss": "失去寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "失去宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "河上公注：「失者，失寵處辱。驚者，恐禍重來。」蘇轍注：「所謂若驚者，非實驚也，若驚而已。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「失者，失宠处辱。惊者，恐祸重来。」苏辙注：「所谓若惊者，非实惊也，若惊而已。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "失之若驚", "formSimp": "失之若惊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "有身", "headwordSimp": "有身", "pinyin": "yǒu shēn", "gloss": "執著於自身，把身體看作實有。", "glossSimp": "执著于自身，把身体看作实有。", "general": "王弼注：「由有其身也。」御注：「為患本者，以吾執有其身。」成玄英疏：「執著我身，不能忘遣，為身愁毒，即是大患。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「由有其身也。」御注：「为患本者，以吾执有其身。」成玄英疏：「执着我身，不能忘遣，为身愁毒，即是大患。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "有身", "formSimp": "有身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "無身", "headwordSimp": "无身", "pinyin": "wú shēn", "gloss": "不執著於身，並非毀滅形體。", "glossSimp": "不执著于身，并非毁灭形体。", "general": "成玄英疏：「坐忘喪我，隳體離形，即身無身；無身非是滅壞而稱無也。」王弼注：「歸之自然也。」", "generalSimp": "成玄英疏：「坐忘丧我，隳体离形，即身无身；无身非是灭坏而称无也。」王弼注：「归之自然也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "成玄英疏", "王弼注" ], "refsSimp": [ "成玄英疏", "王弼注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "無身", "formSimp": "无身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "寄天下", "headwordSimp": "寄天下", "pinyin": "jì tiān xià", "gloss": "把天下暫時寄託於其人。寄，暫寄、寄寓。", "glossSimp": "把天下暂时寄托于其人。寄，暂寄、寄寓。", "general": "河上公注：「則可寄止，不可託也。」成玄英疏：「寄是暫時寄寓。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「则可寄止，不可托也。」成玄英疏：「寄是暂时寄寓。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "寄天下", "formSimp": "寄天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "託天下", "headwordSimp": "托天下", "pinyin": "tuō tiān xià", "gloss": "把天下永久託付於其人。託，付託、依託。", "glossSimp": "把天下永久托付于其人。托，付托、依托。", "general": "河上公注：「乃可以託身於民上，長無咎也。」成玄英疏：「託謂永相附託。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「乃可以托身于民上，长无咎也。」成玄英疏：「托谓永相附托。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "託天下", "formSimp": "托天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "貴以身為天下", "headwordSimp": "贵以身为天下", "pinyin": "guì yǐ shēn wéi tiān xià", "gloss": "把自身看得貴重於為天下；一說以貴重自身的方式對待天下。", "glossSimp": "把自身看得贵重于为天下；一说以贵重自身的方式对待天下。", "general": "王弼注：「無以易其身，故曰貴也。」吳澄注：「愛惜貴重此身，不肯以之為天下。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「无以易其身，故曰贵也。」吴澄注：「爱惜贵重此身，不肯以之为天下。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "貴以身為天下", "formSimp": "贵以身为天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 12, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "寵辱", "headwordSimp": "宠辱", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "外來的榮寵與屈辱。", "glossSimp": "外来的荣宠与屈辱。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "寵辱", "formSimp": "宠辱", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 13, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "大患", "headwordSimp": "大患", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "大的禍患；或指榮寵之屬，或指煩惱老病、死生之患。", "glossSimp": "大的祸患；或指荣宠之属，或指烦恼老病、死生之患。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大患", "formSimp": "大患", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 14, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "貴大患若身", "headwordSimp": "贵大患若身", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "把大患看得與自身一樣貴重。", "glossSimp": "把大患看得与自身一样贵重。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "貴大患若身", "formSimp": "贵大患若身", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001", "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 15, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "寵為下", "headwordSimp": "宠为下", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "受寵其實是卑下的，因寵為辱本。", "glossSimp": "受宠其实是卑下的，因宠为辱本。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "寵為下", "formSimp": "宠为下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "得之若驚", "headwordSimp": "得之若惊", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "得到寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "得到宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "得之若驚", "formSimp": "得之若惊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "失之若驚", "headwordSimp": "失之若惊", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "失去寵榮也像受到驚嚇一樣不安。", "glossSimp": "失去宠荣也像受到惊吓一样不安。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "失之若驚", "formSimp": "失之若惊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "有身", "headwordSimp": "有身", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "執著於自身，把身體看作實有。", "glossSimp": "执著于自身，把身体看作实有。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "有身", "formSimp": "有身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "無身", "headwordSimp": "无身", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不執著於身，並非毀滅形體。", "glossSimp": "不执著于身，并非毁灭形体。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "無身", "formSimp": "无身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "寄天下", "headwordSimp": "寄天下", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "把天下暫時寄託於其人。", "glossSimp": "把天下暂时寄托于其人。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "寄天下", "formSimp": "寄天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "託天下", "headwordSimp": "托天下", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "把天下永久託付於其人。", "glossSimp": "把天下永久托付于其人。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "託天下", "formSimp": "托天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "貴以身為天下", "headwordSimp": "贵以身为天下", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "把自身看得貴重於為天下。", "glossSimp": "把自身看得贵重于为天下。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "貴以身為天下", "formSimp": "贵以身为天下", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第十三章六組觀念的十三家對照。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「及吾無身」下一條輯文，故僅見於貴患、有身、無身三組；王弼以一段注通釋首三句，故寵辱一組用其首注。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十一家六組皆備。", "concepts": [ { "id": "chongru-ruojing", "name": "寵辱若驚", "nameTrad": "寵辱若驚", "question": "「寵辱若驚」何以兼舉得寵與受辱？", "questionTrad": "「寵辱若驚」何以兼舉得寵與受辱？", "intro": "首句總標寵辱皆驚。河上公謂身寵亦驚、身辱亦驚，得寵如臨危、失寵恐禍重來；王弼謂寵必有辱、榮必有患，得寵辱榮患若驚則不足以亂天下；成玄英以得寵驚喜、遭辱驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚則同，達者比榮辱於儻來；唐玄宗御注以操捨驚心、未忘寵辱為說，御疏以寵辱循環、寵為辱本申之；李榮以官高慮危、賤極多恥為說，唯虛澹之人不駭其慮；陸希聲以道德充內則外物不能移，情存寵辱則得失皆若驚；呂惠卿以寵者畜於人、有驚則有辱為說；蘇轍以驚寵如驚辱、知寵為辱先為說；吳澄以名位之尊反觀則辱，愛之者動心而驚；憨山以寵乃下賤、得失常若驚為說；魏源以世人榮其辱、得驚喜失驚憂為說；王夫之謂寵辱皆驚是納驚以自滑。", "introTrad": "首句總標寵辱皆驚。河上公謂身寵亦驚、身辱亦驚，得寵如臨危、失寵恐禍重來；王弼謂寵必有辱、榮必有患，得寵辱榮患若驚則不足以亂天下；成玄英以得寵驚喜、遭辱驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚則同，達者比榮辱於儻來；唐玄宗御注以操捨驚心、未忘寵辱為說，御疏以寵辱循環、寵為辱本申之；李榮以官高慮危、賤極多恥為說，唯虛澹之人不駭其慮；陸希聲以道德充內則外物不能移，情存寵辱則得失皆若驚；呂惠卿以寵者畜於人、有驚則有辱為說；蘇轍以驚寵如驚辱、知寵為辱先為說；吳澄以名位之尊反觀則辱，愛之者動心而驚；憨山以寵乃下賤、得失常若驚為說；魏源以世人榮其辱、得驚喜失驚憂為說；王夫之謂寵辱皆驚是納驚以自滑。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "身寵亦驚，身辱亦驚；得寵如臨危，失寵恐禍重來。", "thesisTrad": "身寵亦驚，身辱亦驚；得寵如臨危，失寵恐禍重來。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c003" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "身宠亦惊，身辱亦惊；得宠如临危，失宠恐祸重来。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "寵必有辱，榮必有患；得寵辱榮患若驚，則不足以亂天下。", "thesisTrad": "寵必有辱，榮必有患；得寵辱榮患若驚，則不足以亂天下。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "宠必有辱，荣必有患；得宠辱荣患若惊，则不足以乱天下。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "得寵心驚喜，遭辱心驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚即同；達者比榮辱於儻來。", "thesisTrad": "得寵心驚喜，遭辱心驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚即同；達者比榮辱於儻來。", "noteIds": [ "c011", "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "得宠心惊喜，遭辱心惊怖，喜怖虽异为惊即同；达者比荣辱于傥来。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "操之則慄，捨之則悲，未忘寵辱故皆驚；寵為辱本，得寵當如得辱而驚。", "thesisTrad": "操之則慄，捨之則悲，未忘寵辱故皆驚；寵為辱本，得寵當如得辱而驚。", "noteIds": [ "c016", "c017", "c021", "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "操之则栗，舍之则悲，未忘宠辱故皆惊；宠为辱本，得宠当如得辱而惊。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "官高而慮危，賤極而多恥，皆懼也；唯虛澹之人不駭其慮。", "thesisTrad": "官高而慮危，賤極而多恥，皆懼也；唯虛澹之人不駭其慮。", "noteIds": [ "c027", "c028" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "官高而虑危，贱极而多耻，皆惧也；唯虚澹之人不骇其虑。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道德充內則外物不能移；情存寵辱，得失皆若驚，此其次也。", "thesisTrad": "道德充內則外物不能移；情存寵辱，得失皆若驚，此其次也。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道德充内则外物不能移；情存宠辱，得失皆若惊，此其次也。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "寵者畜於人，下道也；寵而有其寵則辱，有驚則有辱。", "thesisTrad": "寵者畜於人，下道也；寵而有其寵則辱，有驚則有辱。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "宠者畜于人，下道也；宠而有其宠则辱，有惊则有辱。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "驚寵如驚辱，知寵之為辱先也；若驚者非實驚，若驚而已。", "thesisTrad": "驚寵如驚辱，知寵之為辱先也；若驚者非實驚，若驚而已。", "noteIds": [ "c034", "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "惊宠如惊辱，知宠之为辱先也；若惊者非实惊，若惊而已。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "名位之尊，反觀則辱；愛之者於此而驚，是不能忘之而動心。", "thesisTrad": "名位之尊，反觀則辱；愛之者於此而驚，是不能忘之而動心。", "noteIds": [ "c038", "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "名位之尊，反观则辱；爱之者于此而惊，是不能忘之而动心。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "望外之榮曰寵，世人以寵為榮，不知寵乃是辱，故得失常若驚。", "thesisTrad": "望外之榮曰寵，世人以寵為榮，不知寵乃是辱，故得失常若驚。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "望外之荣曰宠，世人以宠为荣，不知宠乃是辱，故得失常若惊。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "寵，榮也；世人榮其辱，得之則驚喜，失之則驚憂。", "thesisTrad": "寵，榮也；世人榮其辱，得之則驚喜，失之則驚憂。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "宠，荣也；世人荣其辱，得之则惊喜，失之则惊忧。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "寵至若驚，辱來若驚，是納天下者納驚以自滑。", "thesisTrad": "寵至若驚，辱來若驚，是納天下者納驚以自滑。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "宠至若惊，辱来若惊，是纳天下者纳惊以自滑。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以身寵身辱皆驚，得寵如臨危、失寵恐禍重來。", "textTrad": "河上公以身寵身辱皆驚，得寵如臨危、失寵恐禍重來。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以身宠身辱皆惊，得宠如临危、失宠恐祸重来。" }, { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以寵必有辱、榮必有患，得寵辱榮患若驚則不足以亂天下。", "textTrad": "王弼以寵必有辱、榮必有患，得寵辱榮患若驚則不足以亂天下。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以宠必有辱、荣必有患，得宠辱荣患若惊则不足以乱天下。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以得寵驚喜、遭辱驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚則同。", "textTrad": "成玄英以得寵驚喜、遭辱驚怖，喜怖雖異為驚則同。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以得宠惊喜、遭辱惊怖，喜怖虽异为惊则同。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以操捨驚心、未忘寵辱為說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以操捨驚心、未忘寵辱為說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以操舍惊心、未忘宠辱为说。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以官高慮危、賤極多恥為懼，唯虛澹之人不駭其慮。", "textTrad": "李榮以官高慮危、賤極多恥為懼，唯虛澹之人不駭其慮。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以官高虑危、贱极多耻为惧，唯虚澹之人不骇其虑。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以道德充內則外物不能移，情存寵辱則得失皆若驚。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以道德充內則外物不能移，情存寵辱則得失皆若驚。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以道德充内则外物不能移，情存宠辱则得失皆若惊。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以寵者畜於人、寵而有其寵則辱。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以寵者畜於人、寵而有其寵則辱。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以宠者畜于人、宠而有其宠则辱。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以驚寵如驚辱，知寵之為辱先。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以驚寵如驚辱，知寵之為辱先。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以惊宠如惊辱，知宠之为辱先。" }, { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以名位之尊反觀則辱，愛之者動心而驚。", "textTrad": "吳澄以名位之尊反觀則辱，愛之者動心而驚。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以名位之尊反观则辱，爱之者动心而惊。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以寵乃下賤，世人以寵為榮而不知其為辱。", "textTrad": "憨山以寵乃下賤，世人以寵為榮而不知其為辱。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以宠乃下贱，世人以宠为荣而不知其为辱。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以世人榮其辱，得之驚喜、失之驚憂。", "textTrad": "魏源以世人榮其辱，得之驚喜、失之驚憂。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以世人荣其辱，得之惊喜、失之惊忧。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂寵辱皆驚是納驚以自滑。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂寵辱皆驚是納驚以自滑。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓宠辱皆惊是纳惊以自滑。" } ], "nameSimp": "宠辱若惊", "questionSimp": "「宠辱若惊」何以兼举得宠与受辱？", "introSimp": "首句总标宠辱皆惊。河上公谓身宠亦惊、身辱亦惊，得宠如临危、失宠恐祸重来；王弼谓宠必有辱、荣必有患，得宠辱荣患若惊则不足以乱天下；成玄英以得宠惊喜、遭辱惊怖，喜怖虽异为惊则同，达者比荣辱于傥来；唐玄宗御注以操舍惊心、未忘宠辱为说，御疏以宠辱循环、宠为辱本申之；李荣以官高虑危、贱极多耻为说，唯虚澹之人不骇其虑；陆希声以道德充内则外物不能移，情存宠辱则得失皆若惊；吕惠卿以宠者畜于人、有惊则有辱为说；苏辙以惊宠如惊辱、知宠为辱先为说；吴澄以名位之尊反观则辱，爱之者动心而惊；憨山以宠乃下贱、得失常若惊为说；魏源以世人荣其辱、得惊喜失惊忧为说；王夫之谓宠辱皆惊是纳惊以自滑。" }, { "id": "gui-dahuan-ruoshen", "name": "貴大患若身", "nameTrad": "貴大患若身", "question": "「貴大患若身」何以把禍患與自身等量齊觀？", "questionTrad": "「貴大患若身」何以把禍患與自身等量齊觀？", "intro": "次句以貴身即貴患為說。河上公訓貴為畏、若為至，謂畏大患至身故驚；王弼謂大患為榮寵之屬，生之厚必入死地，人迷榮寵而返之於身；成玄英以貴身即是貴患、惡患即可惡身，貴與大患俱以身為本；唐玄宗御注以身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患，御疏以耽玩聲色、矜競榮華皆為有身遂成患本；嚴遵以尊寵卑賤無所少多、貴大亡於身而大患不能得；李榮以外其身者得失難駭、貴其身者寵辱易驚；陸希聲以有身者大患之本，貴其身者乃貴大患；呂惠卿以貴者畜人、貴而有其貴則有患；蘇轍以貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本；吳澄以貨財之富反觀則患，貴之者以之自累；憨山以貴為禍根、身為苦本；魏源以世人貴其患，自私其身故有患；王夫之謂納大患而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "introTrad": "次句以貴身即貴患為說。河上公訓貴為畏、若為至，謂畏大患至身故驚；王弼謂大患為榮寵之屬，生之厚必入死地，人迷榮寵而返之於身；成玄英以貴身即是貴患、惡患即可惡身，貴與大患俱以身為本；唐玄宗御注以身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患，御疏以耽玩聲色、矜競榮華皆為有身遂成患本；嚴遵以尊寵卑賤無所少多、貴大亡於身而大患不能得；李榮以外其身者得失難駭、貴其身者寵辱易驚；陸希聲以有身者大患之本，貴其身者乃貴大患；呂惠卿以貴者畜人、貴而有其貴則有患；蘇轍以貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本；吳澄以貨財之富反觀則患，貴之者以之自累；憨山以貴為禍根、身為苦本；魏源以世人貴其患，自私其身故有患；王夫之謂納大患而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "貴，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆驚。", "thesisTrad": "貴，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆驚。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "贵，畏也；若，至也。畏大患至身，故皆惊。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "大患為榮寵之屬，生之厚必入死地；人迷榮寵而返之於身。", "thesisTrad": "大患為榮寵之屬，生之厚必入死地；人迷榮寵而返之於身。", "noteIds": [ "c008" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "大患为荣宠之属，生之厚必入死地；人迷荣宠而返之于身。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "貴身即是貴患，惡患即可惡身；貴與大患俱以身為本。", "thesisTrad": "貴身即是貴患，惡患即可惡身；貴與大患俱以身為本。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "贵身即是贵患，恶患即可恶身；贵与大患俱以身为本。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患；御疏以耽玩聲色、矜競榮華遂成患本申之。", "thesisTrad": "身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患；御疏以耽玩聲色、矜競榮華遂成患本申之。", "noteIds": [ "c016", "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患；御疏以耽玩声色、矜竞荣华遂成患本申之。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "尊寵卑賤無所少多，貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "thesisTrad": "尊寵卑賤無所少多，貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "尊宠卑贱无所少多，贵大亡于身，故大患不能得。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "外其身者得失難駭，貴其身者寵辱易驚；貴身即有大患。", "thesisTrad": "外其身者得失難駭，貴其身者寵辱易驚；貴身即有大患。", "noteIds": [ "c027" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "外其身者得失难骇，贵其身者宠辱易惊；贵身即有大患。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "有身者大患之本，執有其身則有大患，故貴其身者乃貴大患。", "thesisTrad": "有身者大患之本，執有其身則有大患，故貴其身者乃貴大患。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "有身者大患之本，执有其身则有大患，故贵其身者乃贵大患。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "貴者畜人者也，貴而有其貴則有患矣。", "thesisTrad": "貴者畜人者也，貴而有其貴則有患矣。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "贵者畜人者也，贵而有其贵则有患矣。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本也。", "thesisTrad": "貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本也。", "noteIds": [ "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "贵身如贵大患，知身之为患本也。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "貨財之富反觀則大患；貴之者以之自累，是貴此大患而身之。", "thesisTrad": "貨財之富反觀則大患；貴之者以之自累，是貴此大患而身之。", "noteIds": [ "c038" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "货财之富反观则大患；贵之者以之自累，是贵此大患而身之。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "崇高之位曰貴，貴乃大患之若身；身為苦本，貴為禍根。", "thesisTrad": "崇高之位曰貴，貴乃大患之若身；身為苦本，貴為禍根。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "崇高之位曰贵，贵乃大患之若身；身为苦本，贵为祸根。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "貴，重也；世人貴其患，惟自私其身故有患。", "thesisTrad": "貴，重也；世人貴其患，惟自私其身故有患。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "贵，重也；世人贵其患，惟自私其身故有患。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "大患在天下，納而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "thesisTrad": "大患在天下，納而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "大患在天下，纳而贵之与身等，是纳患以自梏。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公訓貴為畏、若為至，畏大患至身故皆驚。", "textTrad": "河上公訓貴為畏、若為至，畏大患至身故皆驚。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公训贵为畏、若为至，畏大患至身故皆惊。" }, { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以大患為榮寵之屬，人迷榮寵而返之於身。", "textTrad": "王弼以大患為榮寵之屬，人迷榮寵而返之於身。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以大患为荣宠之属，人迷荣宠而返之于身。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以貴身即是貴患，貴與大患俱以身為本。", "textTrad": "成玄英以貴身即是貴患，貴與大患俱以身為本。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以贵身即是贵患，贵与大患俱以身为本。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以身為患本，矜貴其身即如貴大患。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以尊寵卑賤無所少多，貴大亡於身故大患不能得。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以尊寵卑賤無所少多，貴大亡於身故大患不能得。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以尊宠卑贱无所少多，贵大亡于身故大患不能得。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以外其身者得失難駭，貴其身者寵辱易驚。", "textTrad": "李榮以外其身者得失難駭，貴其身者寵辱易驚。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以外其身者得失难骇，贵其身者宠辱易惊。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以有身者大患之本，貴其身者乃貴大患。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以有身者大患之本，貴其身者乃貴大患。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以有身者大患之本，贵其身者乃贵大患。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以貴而有其貴則有患。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以貴而有其貴則有患。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以贵而有其贵则有患。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以貴身如貴大患，知身之為患本。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以贵身如贵大患，知身之为患本。" }, { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以貨財之富反觀則患，貴之者以之自累。", "textTrad": "吳澄以貨財之富反觀則患，貴之者以之自累。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以货财之富反观则患，贵之者以之自累。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以貴為禍根、身為苦本。", "textTrad": "憨山以貴為禍根、身為苦本。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以贵为祸根、身为苦本。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以世人貴其患，自私其身故有患。", "textTrad": "魏源以世人貴其患，自私其身故有患。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以世人贵其患，自私其身故有患。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂納患而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂納患而貴之與身等，是納患以自梏。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓纳患而贵之与身等，是纳患以自梏。" } ], "nameSimp": "贵大患若身", "questionSimp": "「贵大患若身」何以把祸患与自身等量齐观？", "introSimp": "次句以贵身即贵患为说。河上公训贵为畏、若为至，谓畏大患至身故惊；王弼谓大患为荣宠之属，生之厚必入死地，人迷荣宠而返之于身；成玄英以贵身即是贵患、恶患即可恶身，贵与大患俱以身为本；唐玄宗御注以身为患本，矜贵其身即如贵大患，御疏以耽玩声色、矜竞荣华皆为有身遂成患本；严遵以尊宠卑贱无所少多、贵大亡于身而大患不能得；李荣以外其身者得失难骇、贵其身者宠辱易惊；陆希声以有身者大患之本，贵其身者乃贵大患；吕惠卿以贵者畜人、贵而有其贵则有患；苏辙以贵身如贵大患，知身之为患本；吴澄以货财之富反观则患，贵之者以之自累；憨山以贵为祸根、身为苦本；魏源以世人贵其患，自私其身故有患；王夫之谓纳大患而贵之与身等，是纳患以自梏。" }, { "id": "you-shen-wei-huan", "name": "吾所以有大患者為吾有身", "nameTrad": "吾所以有大患者為吾有身", "question": "「吾所以有大患者，為吾有身」如何說明有身即患本？", "questionTrad": "「吾所以有大患者，為吾有身」如何說明有身即患本？", "intro": "此句直指有身為患本。河上公謂有身則憂勤勞、念饑寒、觸情縱欲而遇禍患；王弼以「由有其身也」一語點明；成玄英謂執著我身不能忘遣，為身愁毒即是大患；唐玄宗御注以身相虛幻、本無真實，為患本者以吾執有其身，御疏以好榮惡辱、心神內竭、形骸外困申之；嚴遵以貴大亡於身故大患不能得；李榮以有身帶榮悴之病、兼生死之災；陸希聲以憂患之本皆由於身；呂惠卿以有身故吉亦患、凶亦患；蘇轍以有身為大患之本，愛身之情篤而物始能患；吳澄以人有此生憂慮百端、戰兢保持；憨山以身為眾患之本，饑寒病苦、死生大患眾苦皆歸；魏源以人惟自私其身，有欲則有患；王夫之謂身且為患，而貴患以為重累之身。", "introTrad": "此句直指有身為患本。河上公謂有身則憂勤勞、念饑寒、觸情縱欲而遇禍患；王弼以「由有其身也」一語點明；成玄英謂執著我身不能忘遣，為身愁毒即是大患；唐玄宗御注以身相虛幻、本無真實，為患本者以吾執有其身，御疏以好榮惡辱、心神內竭、形骸外困申之；嚴遵以貴大亡於身故大患不能得；李榮以有身帶榮悴之病、兼生死之災；陸希聲以憂患之本皆由於身；呂惠卿以有身故吉亦患、凶亦患；蘇轍以有身為大患之本，愛身之情篤而物始能患；吳澄以人有此生憂慮百端、戰兢保持；憨山以身為眾患之本，饑寒病苦、死生大患眾苦皆歸；魏源以人惟自私其身，有欲則有患；王夫之謂身且為患，而貴患以為重累之身。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "有身則憂其勤勞，念其饑寒，觸情縱欲，則遇禍患。", "thesisTrad": "有身則憂其勤勞，念其饑寒，觸情縱欲，則遇禍患。", "noteIds": [ "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "有身则忧其勤劳，念其饥寒，触情纵欲，则遇祸患。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "由有其身也。", "thesisTrad": "由有其身也。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "由有其身也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "執著我身，不能忘遣，為身愁毒，即是大患。", "thesisTrad": "執著我身，不能忘遣，為身愁毒，即是大患。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "执着我身，不能忘遣，为身愁毒，即是大患。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "身相虛幻，本無真實；為患本者，以吾執有其身；御疏以心神內竭、形骸外困申之。", "thesisTrad": "身相虛幻，本無真實；為患本者，以吾執有其身；御疏以心神內竭、形骸外困申之。", "noteIds": [ "c019", "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "身相虚幻，本无真实；为患本者，以吾执有其身；御疏以心神内竭、形骸外困申之。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "thesisTrad": "貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "贵大亡于身，故大患不能得。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "有身帶榮悴之病，兼生死之災，故云大患。", "thesisTrad": "有身帶榮悴之病，兼生死之災，故云大患。", "noteIds": [ "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "有身带荣悴之病，兼生死之灾，故云大患。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "憂患之本皆由於身；有身者大患之本。", "thesisTrad": "憂患之本皆由於身；有身者大患之本。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "忧患之本皆由于身；有身者大患之本。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "吾之所以有大患者為吾有身，故吉亦我所患，凶亦我所患。", "thesisTrad": "吾之所以有大患者為吾有身，故吉亦我所患，凶亦我所患。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "吾之所以有大患者为吾有身，故吉亦我所患，凶亦我所患。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "有身，大患之本；愛身之情篤而物始能患之。", "thesisTrad": "有身，大患之本；愛身之情篤而物始能患之。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "有身，大患之本；爱身之情笃而物始能患之。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "人有此生，憂慮百端，戰兢保持，死而後免，身為大患。", "thesisTrad": "人有此生，憂慮百端，戰兢保持，死而後免，身為大患。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "人有此生，忧虑百端，战兢保持，死而后免，身为大患。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "身乃眾患之本，既有此身，饑寒病苦、死生大患眾苦皆歸。", "thesisTrad": "身乃眾患之本，既有此身，饑寒病苦、死生大患眾苦皆歸。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "身乃众患之本，既有此身，饥寒病苦、死生大患众苦皆归。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "人惟自私其身，有欲則有患。", "thesisTrad": "人惟自私其身，有欲則有患。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "人惟自私其身，有欲则有患。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "身且為患，而貴患以為重累之身。", "thesisTrad": "身且為患，而貴患以為重累之身。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "身且为患，而贵患以为重累之身。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以有身則憂勤勞、念饑寒、觸情縱欲而遇禍患。", "textTrad": "河上公以有身則憂勤勞、念饑寒、觸情縱欲而遇禍患。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以有身则忧勤劳、念饥寒、触情纵欲而遇祸患。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「由有其身也」點明患本。", "textTrad": "王弼以「由有其身也」點明患本。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「由有其身也」点明患本。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以執著我身、為身愁毒即是大患。", "textTrad": "成玄英以執著我身、為身愁毒即是大患。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以执着我身、为身愁毒即是大患。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以身相虛幻，為患本者以吾執有其身。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以身相虛幻，為患本者以吾執有其身。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以身相虚幻，为患本者以吾执有其身。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以貴大亡於身，故大患不能得。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以贵大亡于身，故大患不能得。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以有身帶榮悴之病、兼生死之災為大患。", "textTrad": "李榮以有身帶榮悴之病、兼生死之災為大患。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以有身带荣悴之病、兼生死之灾为大患。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以憂患之本皆由於身。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以憂患之本皆由於身。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以忧患之本皆由于身。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以有身故吉凶皆我所患。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以有身故吉凶皆我所患。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以有身故吉凶皆我所患。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以有身為大患之本，愛身篤而物始能患之。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以有身為大患之本，愛身篤而物始能患之。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以有身为大患之本，爱身笃而物始能患之。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以人有此生憂慮百端、戰兢保持。", "textTrad": "吳澄以人有此生憂慮百端、戰兢保持。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以人有此生忧虑百端、战兢保持。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以身為眾患之本，眾苦皆歸。", "textTrad": "憨山以身為眾患之本，眾苦皆歸。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以身为众患之本，众苦皆归。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以人自私其身，有欲則有患。", "textTrad": "魏源以人自私其身，有欲則有患。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以人自私其身，有欲则有患。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以身且為患，貴患則為重累之身。", "textTrad": "王夫之以身且為患，貴患則為重累之身。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以身且为患，贵患则为重累之身。" } ], "nameSimp": "吾所以有大患者为吾有身", "questionSimp": "「吾所以有大患者，为吾有身」如何说明有身即患本？", "introSimp": "此句直指有身为患本。河上公谓有身则忧勤劳、念饥寒、触情纵欲而遇祸患；王弼以「由有其身也」一语点明；成玄英谓执着我身不能忘遣，为身愁毒即是大患；唐玄宗御注以身相虚幻、本无真实，为患本者以吾执有其身，御疏以好荣恶辱、心神内竭、形骸外困申之；严遵以贵大亡于身故大患不能得；李荣以有身带荣悴之病、兼生死之灾；陆希声以忧患之本皆由于身；吕惠卿以有身故吉亦患、凶亦患；苏辙以有身为大患之本，爱身之情笃而物始能患；吴澄以人有此生忧虑百端、战兢保持；憨山以身为众患之本，饥寒病苦、死生大患众苦皆归；魏源以人惟自私其身，有欲则有患；王夫之谓身且为患，而贵患以为重累之身。" }, { "id": "wu-shen-he-huan", "name": "及吾無身吾有何患", "nameTrad": "及吾無身吾有何患", "question": "「及吾無身，吾有何患」之「無身」當如何理解？", "questionTrad": "「及吾無身，吾有何患」之「無身」當如何理解？", "intro": "此句以無身無患反結。河上公謂使吾無身，體道自然、輕舉升雲、與道通神，當有何患；王弼以「歸之自然也」為說；成玄英謂坐忘喪我、隳體離形，即身無身，無身非是滅壞而稱無；唐玄宗御注以知天地委和皆非我有、離形去智、了身非身，御疏以坐忘遺照、隳體黜聰、榮辱之途泯申之；嚴遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥、存忘變化不以爲異；李榮以虛己忘心為無身，身忘則死生不能累、寵辱不能驚；陸希聲以至人體道無己、與物皆宜，雖與民同患而不與聖人同憂；呂惠卿以無身則無累、無累則無患；蘇轍以知性無壞而身非實，忽然忘身而患盡去；吳澄以身外物也，棄而不有何能為累；憨山以無身則無患；魏源以能外其身、後其身則無患得患失；王夫之謂唯無身者以耳目任耳目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "introTrad": "此句以無身無患反結。河上公謂使吾無身，體道自然、輕舉升雲、與道通神，當有何患；王弼以「歸之自然也」為說；成玄英謂坐忘喪我、隳體離形，即身無身，無身非是滅壞而稱無；唐玄宗御注以知天地委和皆非我有、離形去智、了身非身，御疏以坐忘遺照、隳體黜聰、榮辱之途泯申之；嚴遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥、存忘變化不以爲異；李榮以虛己忘心為無身，身忘則死生不能累、寵辱不能驚；陸希聲以至人體道無己、與物皆宜，雖與民同患而不與聖人同憂；呂惠卿以無身則無累、無累則無患；蘇轍以知性無壞而身非實，忽然忘身而患盡去；吳澄以身外物也，棄而不有何能為累；憨山以無身則無患；魏源以能外其身、後其身則無患得患失；王夫之謂唯無身者以耳目任耳目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "使吾無身，體道自然，輕舉升雲，與道通神，當有何患？", "thesisTrad": "使吾無身，體道自然，輕舉升雲，與道通神，當有何患？", "noteIds": [ "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "使吾无身，体道自然，轻举升云，与道通神，当有何患？" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "歸之自然也。", "thesisTrad": "歸之自然也。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "归之自然也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "坐忘喪我，隳體離形，即身無身；無身非是滅壞而稱無。", "thesisTrad": "坐忘喪我，隳體離形，即身無身；無身非是滅壞而稱無。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "坐忘丧我，隳体离形，即身无身；无身非是灭坏而称无。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "知天地委和皆非我有，離形去智，了身非身，同於大通；御疏以榮辱之途泯、愛惡之心息申之。", "thesisTrad": "知天地委和皆非我有，離形去智，了身非身，同於大通；御疏以榮辱之途泯、愛惡之心息申之。", "noteIds": [ "c019", "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "知天地委和皆非我有，离形去智，了身非身，同于大通；御疏以荣辱之途泯、爱恶之心息申之。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "休心道德，翱翔混冥，存忘變化不以爲異，故大患不能得。", "thesisTrad": "休心道德，翱翔混冥，存忘變化不以爲異，故大患不能得。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "休心道德，翱翔混冥，存忘变化不以为异，故大患不能得。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "虛己忘心，無身也；身苟忘也，死生不能累，寵辱不能驚。", "thesisTrad": "虛己忘心，無身也；身苟忘也，死生不能累，寵辱不能驚。", "noteIds": [ "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "虚己忘心，无身也；身苟忘也，死生不能累，宠辱不能惊。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "至人體道無己，與物皆宜，雖與民同患而不與聖人同憂。", "thesisTrad": "至人體道無己，與物皆宜，雖與民同患而不與聖人同憂。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "至人体道无己，与物皆宜，虽与民同患而不与圣人同忧。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "若吾無身，吾有何患？無身則無累，無累則無患。", "thesisTrad": "若吾無身，吾有何患？無身則無累，無累則無患。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "若吾无身，吾有何患？无身则无累，无累则无患。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "知性之無壞而身之非實，忽然忘身而天下之患盡去。", "thesisTrad": "知性之無壞而身之非實，忽然忘身而天下之患盡去。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "知性之无坏而身之非实，忽然忘身而天下之患尽去。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "貨財之為大患則身外物也，棄而不有，何能為累？", "thesisTrad": "貨財之為大患則身外物也，棄而不有，何能為累？", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "货财之为大患则身外物也，弃而不有，何能为累？" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "無身則無患矣。", "thesisTrad": "無身則無患矣。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "无身则无患矣。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "苟能外其身、後其身，何患得患失之有？", "thesisTrad": "苟能外其身、後其身，何患得患失之有？", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "苟能外其身、后其身，何患得患失之有？" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "唯無身者以耳任耳、以目任目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "thesisTrad": "唯無身者以耳任耳、以目任目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "唯无身者以耳任耳、以目任目，惊患去已而消于天下。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以使吾無身、體道自然、與道通神為無患。", "textTrad": "河上公以使吾無身、體道自然、與道通神為無患。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以使吾无身、体道自然、与道通神为无患。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「歸之自然也」說無身。", "textTrad": "王弼以「歸之自然也」說無身。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「归之自然也」说无身。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以坐忘喪我、隳體離形為無身，非滅壞而稱無。", "textTrad": "成玄英以坐忘喪我、隳體離形為無身，非滅壞而稱無。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以坐忘丧我、隳体离形为无身，非灭坏而称无。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以了身非身、同於大通為無患。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以了身非身、同於大通為無患。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以了身非身、同于大通为无患。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥，故大患不能得。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥，故大患不能得。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥，故大患不能得。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以虛己忘心為無身，身忘則死生寵辱不能累。", "textTrad": "李榮以虛己忘心為無身，身忘則死生寵辱不能累。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以虚己忘心为无身，身忘则死生宠辱不能累。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以至人體道無己，與物皆宜。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以至人體道無己，與物皆宜。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以至人体道无己，与物皆宜。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以無身則無累、無累則無患。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以無身則無累、無累則無患。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以无身则无累、无累则无患。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以知性無壞、身非實，忽然忘身而患盡去。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以知性無壞、身非實，忽然忘身而患盡去。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以知性无坏、身非实，忽然忘身而患尽去。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以身外之物棄而不有，何能為累。", "textTrad": "吳澄以身外之物棄而不有，何能為累。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以身外之物弃而不有，何能为累。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以無身則無患。", "textTrad": "憨山以無身則無患。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以无身则无患。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以能外身、後身則無患得患失。", "textTrad": "魏源以能外身、後身則無患得患失。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以能外身、后身则无患得患失。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "textTrad": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，驚患去已而消於天下。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，惊患去已而消于天下。" } ], "nameSimp": "及吾无身吾有何患", "questionSimp": "「及吾无身，吾有何患」之「无身」当如何理解？", "introSimp": "此句以无身无患反结。河上公谓使吾无身，体道自然、轻举升云、与道通神，当有何患；王弼以「归之自然也」为说；成玄英谓坐忘丧我、隳体离形，即身无身，无身非是灭坏而称无；唐玄宗御注以知天地委和皆非我有、离形去智、了身非身，御疏以坐忘遗照、隳体黜聪、荣辱之途泯申之；严遵以休心道德、翱翔混冥、存忘变化不以为异；李荣以虚己忘心为无身，身忘则死生不能累、宠辱不能惊；陆希声以至人体道无己、与物皆宜，虽与民同患而不与圣人同忧；吕惠卿以无身则无累、无累则无患；苏辙以知性无坏而身非实，忽然忘身而患尽去；吴澄以身外物也，弃而不有何能为累；憨山以无身则无患；魏源以能外其身、后其身则无患得患失；王夫之谓唯无身者以耳目任耳目，惊患去已而消于天下。" }, { "id": "gui-yi-shen-wei-tianxia", "name": "貴以身為天下", "nameTrad": "貴以身為天下", "question": "「貴以身為天下，若可寄天下」是何種政治倫理？", "questionTrad": "「貴以身為天下，若可寄天下」是何種政治倫理？", "intro": "末句前半以貴身寄天下。河上公謂貴其身而賤人者，欲為天下之主則可寄止而不可託；王弼以無以易其身故曰貴，如此乃可以託天下；成玄英謂自貴其身、恒欲陵物者，適可暫寓世間而不得久視天下；唐玄宗御注以未忘貴愛、忘天下則無寄託之近名為說，御疏以貴身凌人、人故不附、可暫寄爾申之；李榮以太上貴德不貴身，貴身賤物則寄託而已；陸希聲以唯能貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身；呂惠卿以寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下；蘇轍以祿之以天下而重以身任之，則其忘身也至；吳澄以知道之人不肯以之為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身；憨山唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄以天下之任；魏源以能自重則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之；王夫之以至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "introTrad": "末句前半以貴身寄天下。河上公謂貴其身而賤人者，欲為天下之主則可寄止而不可託；王弼以無以易其身故曰貴，如此乃可以託天下；成玄英謂自貴其身、恒欲陵物者，適可暫寓世間而不得久視天下；唐玄宗御注以未忘貴愛、忘天下則無寄託之近名為說，御疏以貴身凌人、人故不附、可暫寄爾申之；李榮以太上貴德不貴身，貴身賤物則寄託而已；陸希聲以唯能貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身；呂惠卿以寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下；蘇轍以祿之以天下而重以身任之，則其忘身也至；吳澄以知道之人不肯以之為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身；憨山唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄以天下之任；魏源以能自重則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之；王夫之以至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "貴其身而賤人，欲為天下之主者，則可寄止，不可託也。", "thesisTrad": "貴其身而賤人，欲為天下之主者，則可寄止，不可託也。", "noteIds": [ "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "贵其身而贱人，欲为天下之主者，则可寄止，不可托也。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無以易其身，故曰貴也；如此乃可以託天下。", "thesisTrad": "無以易其身，故曰貴也；如此乃可以託天下。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无以易其身，故曰贵也；如此乃可以托天下。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "自貴其身，恒欲陵物，適可暫寓於世間，不得久視於天下。", "thesisTrad": "自貴其身，恒欲陵物，適可暫寓於世間，不得久視於天下。", "noteIds": [ "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "自贵其身，恒欲陵物，适可暂寓于世间，不得久视于天下。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "未忘貴愛；忘天下則無寄託之近名；御疏以貴身凌人、人故不附、可暫寄爾申之。", "thesisTrad": "未忘貴愛；忘天下則無寄託之近名；御疏以貴身凌人、人故不附、可暫寄爾申之。", "noteIds": [ "c020", "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "未忘贵爱；忘天下则无寄托之近名；御疏以贵身凌人、人故不附、可暂寄尔申之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "太上貴德不貴身；貴身而賤物，則寄託而已。", "thesisTrad": "太上貴德不貴身；貴身而賤物，則寄託而已。", "noteIds": [ "c031" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "太上贵德不贵身；贵身而贱物，则寄托而已。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "唯能貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "thesisTrad": "唯能貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "唯能贵用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下。", "thesisTrad": "貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；宠而招辱则贱其身，非可以寄天下。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "祿之以天下而重以身任之，則其忘身也至矣。", "thesisTrad": "祿之以天下而重以身任之，則其忘身也至矣。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "禄之以天下而重以身任之，则其忘身也至矣。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知道之人愛惜貴重此身，不肯以之為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身。", "thesisTrad": "知道之人愛惜貴重此身，不肯以之為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知道之人爱惜贵重此身，不肯以之为天下，宁不有天下而不轻用其身。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄之以天下之任。", "thesisTrad": "唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄之以天下之任。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "唯有道者临莅天下不以为己显，乃可寄之以天下之任。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "能自重，則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之。", "thesisTrad": "能自重，則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "能自重，则虽荣以天下而不肯轻以身处之。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "thesisTrad": "至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "至人外其身于天下，不纳天下于身。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以貴身賤人者可寄止而不可託。", "textTrad": "河上公以貴身賤人者可寄止而不可託。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以贵身贱人者可寄止而不可托。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無以易其身故曰貴，如此乃可以託天下。", "textTrad": "王弼以無以易其身故曰貴，如此乃可以託天下。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无以易其身故曰贵，如此乃可以托天下。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以自貴陵物者僅可暫寓，不得久視天下。", "textTrad": "成玄英以自貴陵物者僅可暫寓，不得久視天下。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以自贵陵物者仅可暂寓，不得久视天下。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以未忘貴愛、忘天下則無寄託之近名。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以未忘貴愛、忘天下則無寄託之近名。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以未忘贵爱、忘天下则无寄托之近名。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以太上貴德不貴身，貴身賤物則寄託而已。", "textTrad": "李榮以太上貴德不貴身，貴身賤物則寄託而已。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以太上贵德不贵身，贵身贱物则寄托而已。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以貴用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以贵用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以寵而招辱則賤其身，非可以寄天下。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以宠而招辱则贱其身，非可以寄天下。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，其忘身也至。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，其忘身也至。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以禄以天下而重以身任之，其忘身也至。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以知道者不肯以身為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身。", "textTrad": "吳澄以知道者不肯以身為天下，寧不有天下而不輕用其身。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以知道者不肯以身为天下，宁不有天下而不轻用其身。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄以天下之任。", "textTrad": "憨山唯有道者臨蒞天下不以為己顯，乃可寄以天下之任。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山唯有道者临莅天下不以为己显，乃可寄以天下之任。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以能自重則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之。", "textTrad": "魏源以能自重則雖榮以天下而不肯輕以身處之。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以能自重则虽荣以天下而不肯轻以身处之。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "textTrad": "王夫之以至人外其身於天下，不納天下於身。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以至人外其身于天下，不纳天下于身。" } ], "nameSimp": "贵以身为天下", "questionSimp": "「贵以身为天下，若可寄天下」是何种政治伦理？", "introSimp": "末句前半以贵身寄天下。河上公谓贵其身而贱人者，欲为天下之主则可寄止而不可托；王弼以无以易其身故曰贵，如此乃可以托天下；成玄英谓自贵其身、恒欲陵物者，适可暂寓世间而不得久视天下；唐玄宗御注以未忘贵爱、忘天下则无寄托之近名为说，御疏以贵身凌人、人故不附、可暂寄尔申之；李荣以太上贵德不贵身，贵身贱物则寄托而已；陆希声以唯能贵用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身；吕惠卿以宠而招辱则贱其身，非可以寄天下；苏辙以禄之以天下而重以身任之，则其忘身也至；吴澄以知道之人不肯以之为天下，宁不有天下而不轻用其身；憨山唯有道者临莅天下不以为己显，乃可寄以天下之任；魏源以能自重则虽荣以天下而不肯轻以身处之；王夫之以至人外其身于天下，不纳天下于身。" }, { "id": "ai-yi-shen-wei-tianxia", "name": "愛以身為天下", "nameTrad": "愛以身為天下", "question": "「愛以身為天下，若可託天下」與「貴身」何別？", "questionTrad": "「愛以身為天下，若可託天下」與「貴身」何別？", "intro": "末句後半以愛身託天下。河上公謂愛其身非為己也，乃欲為萬民之父母，乃可以託身民上而長無咎；王弼以無物可以損其身故曰愛，如此乃可以寄天下；成玄英以保愛己身、不輕馳騖、謙以自牧、雌而順物者，可以託化於天下；唐玄宗御注以存貴愛者未為兼忘天下、忘身則無為患本，御疏以愛身慈人、人則樂推、可託身萬人之上申之；李榮以明王愛人不愛己，愛己憎人則寄託而已；陸希聲以愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身；呂惠卿以貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下；蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之；吳澄以寄猶寄百里之命、託猶託六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不與；憨山以愛身為天下愛其身，非私愛一己之身，乃可託以天下之權；魏源以誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之；王夫之謂以耳任耳、以目任目，不為天下任視聽而驚患消。", "introTrad": "末句後半以愛身託天下。河上公謂愛其身非為己也，乃欲為萬民之父母，乃可以託身民上而長無咎；王弼以無物可以損其身故曰愛，如此乃可以寄天下；成玄英以保愛己身、不輕馳騖、謙以自牧、雌而順物者，可以託化於天下；唐玄宗御注以存貴愛者未為兼忘天下、忘身則無為患本，御疏以愛身慈人、人則樂推、可託身萬人之上申之；李榮以明王愛人不愛己，愛己憎人則寄託而已；陸希聲以愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身；呂惠卿以貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下；蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之；吳澄以寄猶寄百里之命、託猶託六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不與；憨山以愛身為天下愛其身，非私愛一己之身，乃可託以天下之權；魏源以誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之；王夫之謂以耳任耳、以目任目，不為天下任視聽而驚患消。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "愛其身非為己也，乃欲為萬民之父母，乃可以託身於民上，長無咎也。", "thesisTrad": "愛其身非為己也，乃欲為萬民之父母，乃可以託身於民上，長無咎也。", "noteIds": [ "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "爱其身非为己也，乃欲为万民之父母，乃可以托身于民上，长无咎也。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無物可以損其身，故曰愛也；如此乃可以寄天下。", "thesisTrad": "無物可以損其身，故曰愛也；如此乃可以寄天下。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无物可以损其身，故曰爱也；如此乃可以寄天下。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "保愛己身，不輕馳騖，謙以自牧，雌而順物，則可以託化於天下。", "thesisTrad": "保愛己身，不輕馳騖，謙以自牧，雌而順物，則可以託化於天下。", "noteIds": [ "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "保爱己身，不轻驰骛，谦以自牧，雌而顺物，则可以托化于天下。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "存貴愛者未為兼忘天下，忘身則無為患本；御疏以愛身慈人、人則樂推申之。", "thesisTrad": "存貴愛者未為兼忘天下，忘身則無為患本；御疏以愛身慈人、人則樂推申之。", "noteIds": [ "c020", "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "存贵爱者未为兼忘天下，忘身则无为患本；御疏以爱身慈人、人则乐推申之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "明王愛人不愛己；愛己以憎人，則寄託而已。", "thesisTrad": "明王愛人不愛己；愛己以憎人，則寄託而已。", "noteIds": [ "c031" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "明王爱人不爱己；爱己以憎人，则寄托而已。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "thesisTrad": "愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "爱用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "愛以身為天下，若可託天下；貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下。", "thesisTrad": "愛以身為天下，若可託天下；貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "爱以身为天下，若可托天下；贵而罹患则危其身，非可以托天下。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之。", "thesisTrad": "祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "禄以天下而重以身任之，虽天下之大不能患之。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "寄猶寄百里之命，託猶託六尺之孤；舜禹有天下而不與。", "thesisTrad": "寄猶寄百里之命，託猶託六尺之孤；舜禹有天下而不與。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "寄犹寄百里之命，托犹托六尺之孤；舜禹有天下而不与。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "愛身乃為天下愛其身，非私愛一己之身，乃可託以天下之權。", "thesisTrad": "愛身乃為天下愛其身，非私愛一己之身，乃可託以天下之權。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "爱身乃为天下爱其身，非私爱一己之身，乃可托以天下之权。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之。", "thesisTrad": "誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "诚能自爱，虽付以天下而惜以身任之。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "以耳任耳、以目任目，不為天下任視聽，驚患去而消於天下。", "thesisTrad": "以耳任耳、以目任目，不為天下任視聽，驚患去而消於天下。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "以耳任耳、以目任目，不为天下任视听，惊患去而消于天下。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以愛身非為己、欲為萬民父母者可以託身民上。", "textTrad": "河上公以愛身非為己、欲為萬民父母者可以託身民上。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以爱身非为己、欲为万民父母者可以托身民上。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無物可以損其身故曰愛，如此乃可以寄天下。", "textTrad": "王弼以無物可以損其身故曰愛，如此乃可以寄天下。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无物可以损其身故曰爱，如此乃可以寄天下。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以保愛己身、謙以自牧、雌而順物者可以託化天下。", "textTrad": "成玄英以保愛己身、謙以自牧、雌而順物者可以託化天下。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以保爱己身、谦以自牧、雌而顺物者可以托化天下。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗御注以存貴愛者未為兼忘天下，忘身則無為患本。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御注以存貴愛者未為兼忘天下，忘身則無為患本。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御注以存贵爱者未为兼忘天下，忘身则无为患本。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以明王愛人不愛己，愛己憎人則寄託而已。", "textTrad": "李榮以明王愛人不愛己，愛己憎人則寄託而已。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以明王爱人不爱己，爱己憎人则寄托而已。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以愛用其身為天下者，是貴愛天下非貴愛其身。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以爱用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以貴而罹患則危其身，非可以託天下。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以贵而罹患则危其身，非可以托天下。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以祿以天下而重以身任之，雖天下之大不能患之。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以禄以天下而重以身任之，虽天下之大不能患之。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以寄託如寄百里之命、託六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不與。", "textTrad": "吳澄以寄託如寄百里之命、託六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不與。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以寄托如寄百里之命、托六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不与。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以愛身為天下愛其身，非私愛一己，乃可託以天下之權。", "textTrad": "憨山以愛身為天下愛其身，非私愛一己，乃可託以天下之權。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以爱身为天下爱其身，非私爱一己，乃可托以天下之权。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之。", "textTrad": "魏源以誠能自愛，雖付以天下而惜以身任之。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以诚能自爱，虽付以天下而惜以身任之。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，不為天下任視聽，驚患消於天下。", "textTrad": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，不為天下任視聽，驚患消於天下。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以耳目任耳目，不为天下任视听，惊患消于天下。" } ], "nameSimp": "爱以身为天下", "questionSimp": "「爱以身为天下，若可托天下」与「贵身」何别？", "introSimp": "末句后半以爱身托天下。河上公谓爱其身非为己也，乃欲为万民之父母，乃可以托身民上而长无咎；王弼以无物可以损其身故曰爱，如此乃可以寄天下；成玄英以保爱己身、不轻驰骛、谦以自牧、雌而顺物者，可以托化于天下；唐玄宗御注以存贵爱者未为兼忘天下、忘身则无为患本，御疏以爱身慈人、人则乐推、可托身万人之上申之；李荣以明王爱人不爱己，爱己憎人则寄托而已；陆希声以爱用其身为天下者，是贵爱天下非贵爱其身；吕惠卿以贵而罹患则危其身，非可以托天下；苏辙以禄以天下而重以身任之，虽天下之大不能患之；吴澄以寄犹寄百里之命、托犹托六尺之孤，舜禹有天下而不与；憨山以爱身为天下爱其身，非私爱一己之身，乃可托以天下之权；魏源以诚能自爱，虽付以天下而惜以身任之；王夫之谓以耳任耳、以目任目，不为天下任视听而惊患消。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "chengxuanying", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.859Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-13", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "daojing", "order": 1, "title": "道經", "titleSimp": "道经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-13", "slug": "13", "order": 13, "title": "第十三章", "titleSimp": "第十三章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「寵辱若驚，貴大患若身」設問起筆，分釋寵辱與貴患二義，末以「貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可託天下」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，嚴遵此章僅存「及吾無身」下一條輯文，王弼以一段注通釋首三句，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「宠辱若惊，贵大患若身」设问起笔，分释宠辱与贵患二义，末以「贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，严遵此章仅存「及吾无身」下一条辑文，王弼以一段注通释首三句，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-13.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-13.json", "url": "/laozi/13/", "orderLabel": "第十三", "volumeId": "daojing", "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经" }, "paragraphs": [ { "id": "p001", "no": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003", "s004", "s005", "s006" ], "count": 6 } ], "coverage": { "sentences": 6, "paragraphs": 1, "notes": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100 }, "charNotes": { "covered": 4, "total": 6, "percent": 66.7 }, "collations": { "covered": 5, "total": 6, "percent": 83.3, "count": 11 }, "translations": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100 } } }