{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-15", "no": 15, "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经", "title": "第十五章", "titleSimp": "第十五章", "intro": "《老子》第十五章，河上公題「顯德」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「古之善為士章」。全章七句：首句標舉古之善為士者微妙玄通、深不可識；次句言唯其不可識，故強為之容；第三句以豫、猶、儼、渙、敦、曠、混七容狀之；第四、五句設問，明濁以靜之徐清、安以久動之徐生；第六句言保此道者不欲盈；末句以唯不盈故能蔽不新成作結。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「古之善為士者」與「儼若客、渙若冰將釋」下二條輯文；王弼此章自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，故其說見於七容、徐清徐生、保道、不盈諸組。分章則河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、王夫之以此章為第十五章；吳澄、魏源合上章於前，此章在其本題為第十四章。", "introSimp": "《老子》第十五章，河上公题「显德」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙并题「古之善为士章」。全章七句：首句标举古之善为士者微妙玄通、深不可识；次句言唯其不可识，故强为之容；第三句以豫、犹、俨、涣、敦、旷、混七容状之；第四、五句设问，明浊以静之徐清、安以久动之徐生；第六句言保此道者不欲盈；末句以唯不盈故能蔽不新成作结。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章仅存「古之善为士者」与「俨若客、涣若冰将释」下二条辑文；王弼此章自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，故其说见于七容、徐清徐生、保道、不盈诸组。分章则河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、王夫之以此章为第十五章；吴澄、魏源合上章于前，此章在其本题为第十四章。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的十三家舊注並列對讀。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的十三家旧注并列对读。", "slug": "15", "order": 15, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識」起筆，次言唯不可識故強為之容，以豫、猶、儼、渙、敦、曠、混七容狀之，末以「孰能濁以靜之徐清」「孰能安以久動之徐生」「保此道者不欲盈」「夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章二條輯文存於《玄德纂疏》，王弼自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，成玄英「保此道者」一條底本錯簡，故其說僅存六條，陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识」起笔，次言唯不可识故强为之容，以豫、犹、俨、涣、敦、旷、混七容状之，末以「孰能浊以静之徐清」「孰能安以久动之徐生」「保此道者不欲盈」「夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章二条辑文存于《玄德纂疏》，王弼自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，成玄英「保此道者」一条底本错简，故其说仅存六条，陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通释，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-15.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-15.json", "url": "/laozi/15/", "volumeId": "daojing", "volumeTitle": "道經", "volumeTitleSimp": "道经", "orderLabel": "第十五" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》輯文）、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德真經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；陸希聲、呂惠卿、李榮三家據《道藏》本，參焦竑《老子翼》所輯", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼底本「儼兮其若容」，河上公、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之諸本並作「客」，蘇轍、李榮則作「容」；王弼「混兮其若濁」，河上公、御注、御疏、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山作「渾」；王弼「故能蔽不新成」，河上公、御注、御疏、陸希聲作「弊」，呂惠卿作「敝」，李榮作「能弊復成」；「安以久動之徐生」之「久」，陸希聲、呂惠卿、吳澄、王夫之無之，憨山作「安以久之徐生」。河上公、魏源「濁以止靜之」有「止」字。王夫之「古之善為道者」，又「混兮其若濁」後衍「澹兮其若海；泊兮若無止」二句，當是後章錯簡。憨山底本末句截斷，末字據文義補。成玄英「保此道者」一條，《玄德纂疏》錯簡攙亂，無從復原，今不錄。正文從王弼本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》辑文）、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德真经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；陆希声、吕惠卿、李荣三家据《道藏》本，参焦竑《老子翼》所辑", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼底本「俨兮其若容」，河上公、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本并作「客」，苏辙、李荣则作「容」；王弼「混兮其若浊」，河上公、御注、御疏、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山作「浑」；王弼「故能蔽不新成」，河上公、御注、御疏、陆希声作「弊」，吕惠卿作「敝」，李荣作「能弊复成」；「安以久动之徐生」之「久」，陆希声、吕惠卿、吴澄、王夫之无之，憨山作「安以久之徐生」。河上公、魏源「浊以止静之」有「止」字。王夫之「古之善为道者」，又「混兮其若浊」后衍「澹兮其若海；泊兮若无止」二句，当是后章错简。憨山底本末句截断，末字据文义补。成玄英「保此道者」一条，《玄德纂疏》错简搀乱，无从复原，今不录。正文从王弼本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 7, "commentaries": 53, "charNotes": 14, "collations": 13 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「顯德」，以得道之君志節玄妙、精與天通、道德深遠不可識知為說；七容分釋，歸於除情去欲、守本真而不昭然；末以保長生之道不欲奢泰盈溢、守弊不為新成為結。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「显德」，以得道之君志节玄妙、精与天通、道德深远不可识知为说；七容分释，归于除情去欲、守本真而不昭然；末以保长生之道不欲奢泰盈溢、守弊不为新成为结。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，謂七者皆容象不可得而形名；晦以理物則明、濁以靜物則清、安以動物則生，徐者詳慎；盈必溢，蔽者覆蓋。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，谓七者皆容象不可得而形名；晦以理物则明、浊以静物则清、安以动物则生，徐者详慎；盈必溢，蔽者覆盖。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章以微妙為能修之智、玄通為所修之境，境智相會而不可心識；七容分判意、口、身三業清淨；徐清徐生明動寂不殊；末以聖人於有為敝濁之內慈救蒼生、成大功德為說。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章以微妙为能修之智、玄通为所修之境，境智相会而不可心识；七容分判意、口、身三业清净；徐清徐生明动寂不殊；末以圣人于有为敝浊之内慈救苍生、成大功德为说。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以士為事、玄鑒通照、德容深邃釋首句，七容各以閑豫、疑難、無造作、冰釋、敦樸、寬谷、和光為說；徐清徐生主教於法無滯；末以不盈則不滯新成為結。御疏敷衍其義。", "count": 14, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以士为事、玄鉴通照、德容深邃释首句，七容各以闲豫、疑难、无造作、冰释、敦朴、宽谷、和光为说；徐清徐生主教于法无滞；末以不盈则不滞新成为结。御疏敷衍其义。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「古之善為士者」與「儼若客、渙若冰將釋」下二條輯文；以上通道德、下達神明、隱匿形容、絕滅端緒、作事由反，及客不為主、冰順時而釋為說。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章仅存「古之善为士者」与「俨若客、涣若冰将释」下二条辑文；以上通道德、下达神明、隐匿形容、绝灭端绪、作事由反，及客不为主、冰顺时而释为说。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李注", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "生卒不詳", "color": "#4f6b7a", "desc": "唐初道士，以重玄遣執解《老》；此章以道機微要妙、玄寂虛通、不可以言言識識釋首句；七容以履薄、驚鄰、安然、冰釋、厚實、虛谷、和同為說；徐清徐生二句合一注，以息動神靜、莫撓水清為說；末以謙退不盈、在弊更新為結。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "生卒不详", "descSimp": "唐初道士，以重玄遣执解《老》；此章以道机微要妙、玄寂虚通、不可以言言识识释首句；七容以履薄、惊邻、安然、冰释、厚实、虚谷、和同为说；徐清徐生二句合一注，以息动神静、莫挠水清为说；末以谦退不盈、在弊更新为结。", "shortSimp": "李注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章總為一注，謂德用微妙、道體玄通、深隱難知，強為之象；七容分釋進止肅舒質器心；徐清徐生即世俗混濁宴安而澄靜發動；末以德不盈、道不傾、因弊致治為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章总为一注，谓德用微妙、道体玄通、深隐难知，强为之象；七容分释进止肃舒质器心；徐清徐生即世俗混浊宴安而澄静发动；末以德不盈、道不倾、因弊致治为说。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "北宋新學一系；此章以成聖盡神為說，微而後妙、妙而後玄、玄而後通；七容以迫動、閑邪、不為主、心凝形釋、復初、應而不藏、無是非彼我為說；徐清無所不照、徐生無所不出；末以道體沖、不曰虛而曰不盈、新敝成壞無所容心為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "北宋新学一系；此章以成圣尽神为说，微而后妙、妙而后玄、玄而后通；七容以迫动、闲邪、不为主、心凝形释、复初、应而不藏、无是非彼我为说；徐清无所不照、徐生无所不出；末以道体冲、不曰虚而曰不盈、新敝成坏无所容心为说。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "以性為說；此章謂粗盡而微、微極而妙、妙極而玄、玄則無所不通；七容以戒動、疑行、無不敬、不留、復性、虛受、和光同塵為說；徐清徐生以物汨性、定滅性二病對治；末以盈生於極、不盈則弊不待新成自去為說。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以性为说；此章谓粗尽而微、微极而妙、妙极而玄、玄则无所不通；七容以戒动、疑行、无不敬、不留、复性、虚受、和光同尘为说；徐清徐生以物汨性、定灭性二病对治；末以盈生于极、不盈则弊不待新成自去为说。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "元代朱學大家；此章以有道之士旁達為通、微不顯、玄難辨、深不可測為說；七容以猶豫二獸、冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵、客隨不迎、冰釋融液、樸未成器、谷虛善應、渾美惡玄同為說；徐清徐生以濁動安靜、靜動相生為說；末以成完備、敝缺不盈、七容皆敝缺不新成為結。其本合上章，此題第十四章。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "元代朱学大家；此章以有道之士旁达为通、微不显、玄难辨、深不可测为说；七容以犹豫二兽、冬涉怯寒、畏邻惧敌、客随不迎、冰释融液、朴未成器、谷虚善应、浑美恶玄同为说；徐清徐生以浊动安静、静动相生为说；末以成完备、敝缺不盈、七容皆敝缺不新成为结。其本合上章，此题第十四章。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "晚明高僧；此章以聖人體道深玄、形神俱妙為說，謂世俗利欲熏心、天機淺露，故善為士者微妙玄通、深不可識；七容以不敢遽進、不敢妄動、謙退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同塵為說；徐清如澄濁水沙土自沈，徐生即迫不得已而應；末以天道忌盈、守敝不新成為結。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "晚明高僧；此章以圣人体道深玄、形神俱妙为说，谓世俗利欲熏心、天机浅露，故善为士者微妙玄通、深不可识；七容以不敢遽进、不敢妄动、谦退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同尘为说；徐清如澄浊水沙土自沈，徐生即迫不得已而应；末以天道忌盈、守敝不新成为结。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清代今文經學家；此章不言聖人至人而言善為士，專示入道之要；七容分入德成德，以豫猶儼恪為入德、敦樸曠渾為成德；徐清徐生承濁靜二問，恐察察為清、紛紛生起；末以不以善自盈、安其敝不求新成為說，引「大成若缺」「大盈若沖」為證。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清代今文经学家；此章不言圣人至人而言善为士，专示入道之要；七容分入德成德，以豫犹俨恪为入德、敦朴旷浑为成德；徐清徐生承浊静二问，恐察察为清、纷纷生起；末以不以善自盈、安其敝不求新成为说，引「大成若缺」「大盈若冲」为证。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "以「微」「玄」之辨為說；此章謂擇妙者眾、繇微而妙者鮮，求通者多、以玄為通者希；章甫不可適越，無入越之心則妙不在冠不冠；坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生；末譏競名者以折銳為功、棄故喜新而不能成。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "以「微」「玄」之辨为说；此章谓择妙者众、繇微而妙者鲜，求通者多、以玄为通者希；章甫不可适越，无入越之心则妙不在冠不冠；坐以消之则冰可燠、浊可清，徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生；末讥竞名者以折锐为功、弃故喜新而不能成。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識。", "textSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识。", "translation": "古时善于以道行事的人，精微、妙极、玄远而通达，其深奥不可测识。", "translationTrad": "古時善於以道行事的人，精微、妙極、玄遠而通達，其深奧不可測識。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c012", "c018", "c025", "c032", "c034", "c040", "c041", "c042", "c047", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002", "n003" ], "key": "laozi-15:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容。", "textSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容。", "translation": "正因为不可测识，所以只能勉强描摹他的形貌。", "translationTrad": "正因為不可測識，所以只能勉強描摹他的形貌。", "noteIds": [ "c002", "c013", "c019", "c026", "c035", "c040", "c041", "c047", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 11, "charNoteIds": [ "n004" ], "key": "laozi-15:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁。", "textSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊。", "translation": "他迟疑审慎，像冬天赤脚过河；他戒惧警惕，像畏惧四邻窥伺；他庄重恭敬，像做客他乡；他涣然融释，像冰块将要消融；他敦厚朴实，像未经雕琢的原木；他空旷开阔，像空虚的山谷；他混同含浑，像浊水一样不露清澄。", "translationTrad": "他遲疑審慎，像冬天赤腳過河；他戒懼警惕，像畏懼四鄰窺伺；他莊重恭敬，像做客他鄉；他渙然融釋，像冰塊將要消融；他敦厚樸實，像未經雕琢的原木；他空曠開闊，像空虛的山谷；他混同含渾，像濁水一樣不露清澄。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c008", "c014", "c020", "c027", "c033", "c036", "c040", "c041", "c043", "c048", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n005", "n006", "n007", "n008", "n009", "n010" ], "key": "laozi-15:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？", "textSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？", "translation": "谁能在浑浊之中安静下来，使它渐渐澄清？", "translationTrad": "誰能在渾濁之中安靜下來，使它漸漸澄清？", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c009", "c015", "c021", "c028", "c037", "c040", "c041", "c044", "c049", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n011" ], "key": "laozi-15:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "孰能安以久動之徐生？", "textSimp": "孰能安以久动之徐生？", "translation": "谁能在安定之中长久涵养，使它徐徐生发？", "translationTrad": "誰能在安定之中長久涵養，使它徐徐生發？", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c009", "c016", "c022", "c029", "c037", "c040", "c041", "c044", "c049", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n012" ], "key": "laozi-15:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "保此道者不欲盈。", "textSimp": "保此道者不欲盈。", "translation": "保有这道的人，不追求满盈。", "translationTrad": "保有這道的人，不追求滿盈。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c010", "c023", "c030", "c038", "c040", "c041", "c045", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n013" ], "key": "laozi-15:s006", "n": 6 }, { "id": "s007", "paragraph": 1, "text": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成。", "textSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成。", "translation": "正因为不追求满盈，所以能安守敝旧，而不去求取新的成就。", "translationTrad": "正因為不追求滿盈，所以能安守敝舊，而不去求取新的成就。", "noteIds": [ "c007", "c011", "c017", "c024", "c031", "c039", "c040", "c041", "c046", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n014" ], "key": "laozi-15:s007", "n": 7 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "謂得道之君也。玄，天也。言其志節玄妙，精與天通。道德深遠，不可識知。內視如盲，反聽若聾，莫知所長。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "谓得道之君也。玄，天也。言其志节玄妙，精与天通。道德深远，不可识知。内视如盲，反听若聋，莫知所长。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "謂下句也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "谓下句也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "舉事輒加重慎，豫豫兮若冬涉川，心難之。其進猶猶若拘制，若人犯法，畏四鄰之知。如客對主人，儼然無所造作也。渙者，解散也；釋者，消亡也。謂除情去欲，日以空虛也。敦者，質厚也；樸者，形未分也。內守精神，外無文彩。曠者，寬大也；谷者，空虛，不有德功名，無所不包也。渾者，守本真也；濁者，不昭然也，與眾合同，不自尊。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "举事辄加重慎，豫豫兮若冬涉川，心难之。其进犹犹若拘制，若人犯法，畏四邻之知。如客对主人，俨然无所造作也。涣者，解散也；释者，消亡也。谓除情去欲，日以空虚也。敦者，质厚也；朴者，形未分也。内守精神，外无文彩。旷者，宽大也；谷者，空虚，不有德功名，无所不包也。浑者，守本真也；浊者，不昭然也，与众合同，不自尊。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清", "kind": "note", "text": "孰，誰也。誰能如水之濁，止而靜之，徐徐而自清。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "孰，谁也。谁能如水之浊，止而静之，徐徐而自清。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "誰能安靜以久，徐徐以長生也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "谁能安静以久，徐徐以长生也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "保此長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "保此长生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "夫唯不盈滿之人，能守弊，不為新成。守弊者，匿光榮也；新成者，貴功名也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "夫唯不盈满之人，能守弊，不为新成。守弊者，匿光荣也；新成者，贵功名也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "冬之涉川，豫然若欲度若不欲度，其情不可得見之貌也。四鄰合攻，中央之主猶然不知所趣向者也。上德之人，其端兆不可睹，德趣不可見，亦猶此也。凡此諸若，皆言其容象不可得而形名也。", "authorNote": "三段合錄", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "冬之涉川，豫然若欲度若不欲度，其情不可得见之貌也。四邻合攻，中央之主犹然不知所趣向者也。上德之人，其端兆不可睹，德趣不可见，亦犹此也。凡此诸若，皆言其容象不可得而形名也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（三段合錄）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "三段合录", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "夫晦以理物則得明，濁以靜物則得清，安以動物則得生，此自然之道也。孰能者，言其難也。徐者，詳慎也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "夫晦以理物则得明，浊以静物则得清，安以动物则得生，此自然之道也。孰能者，言其难也。徐者，详慎也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "盈必溢也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "盈必溢也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "蔽，覆蓋也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "蔽，覆盖也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "古之善為士者，古昔也；善者，惡相對也；為者，修學也。前章執古御今，此章即御今引古，故爰昔善修道之士，以軌則學人也。微妙玄通，深不可識。微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境，境智相會，能所俱深，不可以心識之，故嘆之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "古之善为士者，古昔也；善者，恶相对也；为者，修学也。前章执古御今，此章即御今引古，故爰昔善修道之士，以轨则学人也。微妙玄通，深不可识。微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境，境智相会，能所俱深，不可以心识之，故叹之也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "容者，形貌也。獨此不可識之聖智，甚堪軌物，方欲引接群品，故於無形之理而強為修學之容。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "容者，形貌也。独此不可识之圣智，甚堪轨物，方欲引接群品，故于无形之理而强为修学之容。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "豫猶，猶豫怖懼也。言修道學人懼於世境，意業如冬涉川水，心地惶怖，恐陷溺也，此明意業淨。又畏塵境，如人犯罪，慎密恐畏四鄰閭里知聞也，此明口業淨。儼若客，儼，矜莊貌，《記》云「儼若思」，言學人應須斂勵身心，勿得放縱，猶如賓對主，不可輕躁，此明身業淨。渙，解散也。如前修學，智慧增明，惑累消散，如彼冬冰之逢春日也。敦，淳厚也；樸，素質也。前既三業已清，惑累消除，故能德行淳和，去華歸實也。塵累斯盡，心靈虛白，故道德寬曠，包容如谷也。混，和雜也；濁，有為也。雖復心靈潔素，障累分消，而混沌有為之中，與塵濁不異也。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "豫犹，犹豫怖惧也。言修道学人惧于世境，意业如冬涉川水，心地惶怖，恐陷溺也，此明意业净。又畏尘境，如人犯罪，慎密恐畏四邻闾里知闻也，此明口业净。俨若客，俨，矜庄貌，《记》云「俨若思」，言学人应须敛励身心，勿得放纵，犹如宾对主，不可轻躁，此明身业净。涣，解散也。如前修学，智慧增明，惑累消散，如彼冬冰之逢春日也。敦，淳厚也；朴，素质也。前既三业已清，惑累消除，故能德行淳和，去华归实也。尘累斯尽，心灵虚白，故道德宽旷，包容如谷也。混，和杂也；浊，有为也。虽复心灵洁素，障累分消，而混沌有为之中，与尘浊不异也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）（節引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清", "kind": "note", "text": "徐，緩也。雖復處有欲之中，同事利物，而在染不染，心恆安靜，閑放而清虛也。前則雖清而能混濁，此則處濁不廢清閑，明動而寂也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "徐，缓也。虽复处有欲之中，同事利物，而在染不染，心恒安静，闲放而清虚也。前则虽清而能混浊，此则处浊不废清闲，明动而寂也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "雖復安靜，即靜而動；雖復應動，心恆閑放，而生化群品也，明寂而動。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "虽复安静，即静而动；虽复应动，心恒闲放，而生化群品也，明寂而动。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "獨此遣中，聖人於有為敝濁之內，復能慈救蒼生，成大功德，此重結成也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "独此遣中，圣人于有为敝浊之内，复能慈救苍生，成大功德，此重结成也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "士，事也。言古之善以道為事者，於彼微言妙道，無不玄鑒通照，而德容深邃，不可識知。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "士，事也。言古之善以道为事者，于彼微言妙道，无不玄鉴通照，而德容深邃，不可识知。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "夫唯德量難識，故強為容狀以明之，謂下文。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "夫唯德量难识，故强为容状以明之，谓下文。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "豫，閑豫也。善士於代閑法，如涉冬川，眾人貪著故畏懼，今我不染故閑豫也。猶，猶豫疑難也。上言善士不染故閑豫，及觀行事，甚疑難，如今代人懼鄰戒。雖則儼然若客，無所造為，而不凝滯於物，渙然若春冰之釋散也。雖渙然冰釋，曾不自矜，而能敦厚若質樸，無所分別。其德量曠然寬廣，無不含容，若彼空谷。和光混跡，若濁而清。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "豫，闲豫也。善士于代闲法，如涉冬川，众人贪着故畏惧，今我不染故闲豫也。犹，犹豫疑难也。上言善士不染故闲豫，及观行事，甚疑难，如今代人惧邻戒。虽则俨然若客，无所造为，而不凝滞于物，涣然若春冰之释散也。虽涣然冰释，曾不自矜，而能敦厚若质朴，无所分别。其德量旷然宽广，无不含容，若彼空谷。和光混迹，若浊而清。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（節引）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清", "kind": "note", "text": "孰，誰也。誰能於彼渾濁，以靜澄止之，令徐自清乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "孰，谁也。谁能于彼浑浊，以静澄止之，令徐自清乎？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "誰能安靜於此清，以久更求勝法，運動修行，令清靜之性不滯於法，而徐動出也。生猶動出也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "谁能安静于此清，以久更求胜法，运动修行，令清静之性不滞于法，而徐动出也。生犹动出也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "欲保此徐清徐生之道，當須無所執滯；若執清求生，是謂盈滿，將失此道，故云不欲盈。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "欲保此徐清徐生之道，当须无所执滞；若执清求生，是谓盈满，将失此道，故云不欲盈。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "夫唯不盈滿之人，故能以新證之行為弊薄，不以其新成而滯著也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "夫唯不盈满之人，故能以新证之行为弊薄，不以其新成而滞着也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "古，昔也；士，事也。言古昔之人善以道為事者，精微要妙，玄寂通達，體道了言，渙然無滯，而其宇量深邃，不可識知。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "古，昔也；士，事也。言古昔之人善以道为事者，精微要妙，玄寂通达，体道了言，涣然无滞，而其宇量深邃，不可识知。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "夫惟善士，雖正容可以悟物，而宇泰發於天光，德量難窺，故強為容狀，且求委順之跡，將以引化凡愚。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "夫惟善士，虽正容可以悟物，而宇泰发于天光，德量难窥，故强为容状，且求委顺之迹，将以引化凡愚。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "豫，閑豫也；若，如也。川喻代間愛欲，所以陷溺眾生，善士雖處代間，不為愛欲所染，如冬涉川，故多閑豫。冬涉川所以閑豫者，冬冰堅壯，無墜陷之憂爾。猶，猶豫疑難也。夫善士無愛欲故多閑豫，及觀其行事，舉動施為，恐不合道，故多疑難，如今之人有事，畏四鄰知而加戒慎。善士於愛欲無所造作，如客對主人，但儼然肅敬爾。雖於愛欲如客對主人，而為善之行不凝滯於物，渙然若春冰之散釋，無留礙爾。敦，敦厚也；樸，質樸也。言雖不凝滯於物，而絕浮競，其德行敦厚，若質樸無所分別。曠，寬也。言善士懷道抱德，宇量曠然寬大，於物悉能含受，如彼虛谷，無不包容。善士心照清靜，而能容物，和同光塵，不自殊異，渾然如濁，物莫能知。", "authorNote": "御疏節引", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "豫，闲豫也；若，如也。川喻代间爱欲，所以陷溺众生，善士虽处代间，不为爱欲所染，如冬涉川，故多闲豫。冬涉川所以闲豫者，冬冰坚壮，无坠陷之忧尔。犹，犹豫疑难也。夫善士无爱欲故多闲豫，及观其行事，举动施为，恐不合道，故多疑难，如今之人有事，畏四邻知而加戒慎。善士于爱欲无所造作，如客对主人，但俨然肃敬尔。虽于爱欲如客对主人，而为善之行不凝滞于物，涣然若春冰之散释，无留碍尔。敦，敦厚也；朴，质朴也。言虽不凝滞于物，而绝浮竞，其德行敦厚，若质朴无所分别。旷，宽也。言善士怀道抱德，宇量旷然宽大，于物悉能含受，如彼虚谷，无不包容。善士心照清静，而能容物，和同光尘，不自殊异，浑然如浊，物莫能知。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏節引）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏节引", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清", "kind": "note", "text": "因上文云若濁，便舉水之澄清以況善士之心。無染則自然靜止，故云孰能於代間愛欲混濁之中，而以清靜道性靜止之，令愛欲不起，亦如水濁而澄靜之，令徐徐自清乎？孰，誰也。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "因上文云若浊，便举水之澄清以况善士之心。无染则自然静止，故云孰能于代间爱欲混浊之中，而以清静道性静止之，令爱欲不起，亦如水浊而澄静之，令徐徐自清乎？孰，谁也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "此教於法無滯也。誰能以清靜之性靜止愛欲，如水之性，已得徐清；若便安於此清，而久滯滯則非悟，未名了出，當須更求勝法，運動增修，為道既損之而又損，按行亦次來而次滅，則清靜之性不滯於法，而徐動出也。生猶動出爾。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "此教于法无滞也。谁能以清静之性静止爱欲，如水之性，已得徐清；若便安于此清，而久滞滞则非悟，未名了出，当须更求胜法，运动增修，为道既损之而又损，按行亦次来而次灭，则清静之性不滞于法，而徐动出也。生犹动出尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "滯法安清，是名盈滿，故云若欲保全此徐清徐生之道，當須無所染著，得無所得；令復滯清求生，是傷盈滿，盈滿則妨道行，故云不欲。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "滞法安清，是名盈满，故云若欲保全此徐清徐生之道，当须无所染着，得无所得；令复滞清求生，是伤盈满，盈满则妨道行，故云不欲。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "夫能無所凝滯，以至無為，於法無住，不盈滿者，常以新證之法為弊薄，更求勝致，不以為新成而便滯著矣。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "夫能无所凝滞，以至无为，于法无住，不盈满者，常以新证之法为弊薄，更求胜致，不以为新成而便滞着矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "上通道德之意，下達神明之心，秉天地之常，挾陰陽之變，猶以隱匿形容，絕滅端緒，作事由反，不可識知。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "上通道德之意，下达神明之心，秉天地之常，挟阴阳之变，犹以隐匿形容，绝灭端绪，作事由反，不可识知。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "客者，因應而不創，順道從天，常如儼客，不為主人，易堂宇，改妻妾爾。冰者，常陰而不陽，靜而不譁，隨事變化，與物推移，柔弱潤滑，無所不可，猶冬積為冰，春釋為水，天順時也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "客者，因应而不创，顺道从天，常如俨客，不为主人，易堂宇，改妻妾尔。冰者，常阴而不阳，静而不哗，随事变化，与物推移，柔弱润滑，无所不可，犹冬积为冰，春释为水，天顺时也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "昔之道者難行也，古之智士能循也。道乃機微要妙，玄寂虛通，行亦極細窮微，不滯無壅，行與道合，不測難知，不可以言言，言之者非道；不可以識識，識之者乖真，故云不可識也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "昔之道者难行也，古之智士能循也。道乃机微要妙，玄寂虚通，行亦极细穷微，不滞无壅，行与道合，不测难知，不可以言言，言之者非道；不可以识识，识之者乖真，故云不可识也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "容，相貌也。夫道既難思，行亦叵識，恐來人無因體道，學者不知立行，下文略舉容相以勸勖也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "容，相貌也。夫道既难思，行亦叵识，恐来人无因体道，学者不知立行，下文略举容相以劝勖也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "履薄冰者恐陷，在浮生者慮危，兢兢不敢為非，勤勤唯知進道也。處俗行惡，驚鄰保以覺知；志道從善，懼幽明以彈糺也。為客唯事安然，修道不宜妄動。春日麗而冰釋，玄風舉而累銷。厚而不薄，實而不華也。谷之虛也，容物而應聲；心之虛也，懷道而濟俗。心無分別，混也；與俗和同，濁也；懷玉無染，握珠自明，似濁也。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "履薄冰者恐陷，在浮生者虑危，兢兢不敢为非，勤勤唯知进道也。处俗行恶，惊邻保以觉知；志道从善，惧幽明以弹𫄙也。为客唯事安然，修道不宜妄动。春日丽而冰释，玄风举而累销。厚而不薄，实而不华也。谷之虚也，容物而应声；心之虚也，怀道而济俗。心无分别，混也；与俗和同，浊也；怀玉无染，握珠自明，似浊也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（節引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "安靜也，徐漸也。夫息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清，行之者少，故曰誰能。", "authorNote": "二句合注", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "安静也，徐渐也。夫息动于心而神自静，莫挠于水而浊自清，行之者少，故曰谁能。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（二句合注）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "二句合注", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "上來廣陳道行以勸學人，人能守之，自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "上来广陈道行以劝学人，人能守之，自得清净，义存谦退，不事满盈。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "立身者不至滿盈，匡輔務存忠正，雖老而還少，在弊而更新。學道者虛心遺於聲色，澡慮蕩於紛爭，雖於朽身弊俗，復得成於真道也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "立身者不至满盈，匡辅务存忠正，虽老而还少，在弊而更新。学道者虚心遗于声色，澡虑荡于纷争，虽于朽身弊俗，复得成于真道也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十五章", "kind": "note", "text": "夫德用微妙，道體玄通，以其深隱難知，是以強為之象。其進也，豫然若涉川之無涯；其止也，猶然若畏鄰之有知；其肅也，儼然若賓主之在觀；其舒也，渙然若春冰之方泮；其質敦兮若材之尚樸；其器曠兮若山之有谷；其心渾兮若水之處濁。斯皆善為士者道德之形容，故眾人莫得而識也。孰能從世俗之混濁而澄靜之，使其流徐清乎？孰能即世俗之宴安而發動之，使其教徐生乎？唯能深識玄妙消息盈虛者，乃可以保持此道，合天之行耳。夫唯其德不盈，其道不傾，從其濁而致其清，即其安而觀其生者，然後可因弊而能致治，不必取新而後化成也。", "authorNote": "整章一注", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫德用微妙，道体玄通，以其深隐难知，是以强为之象。其进也，豫然若涉川之无涯；其止也，犹然若畏邻之有知；其肃也，俨然若宾主之在观；其舒也，涣然若春冰之方泮；其质敦兮若材之尚朴；其器旷兮若山之有谷；其心浑兮若水之处浊。斯皆善为士者道德之形容，故众人莫得而识也。孰能从世俗之混浊而澄静之，使其流徐清乎？孰能即世俗之宴安而发动之，使其教徐生乎？唯能深识玄妙消息盈虚者，乃可以保持此道，合天之行耳。夫唯其德不盈，其道不倾，从其浊而致其清，即其安而观其生者，然后可因弊而能致治，不必取新而后化成也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）（整章一注）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "整章一注", "lemmaSimp": "第十五章" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十五章", "kind": "note", "text": "古之善為士者，將以成聖而盡神也。則其為士也，雖未至乎聖神，所以成聖而盡神者，其聞之固已全盡矣。微妙玄通，深不可識，乃所以成聖而盡神也。微而後妙，妙而後玄，玄而後通，則深不可識矣。夫惟不可識，則其形容安得以擬議哉？強為之容而已。豫若冬涉川，迫而後動，不得已而後起也。猶若畏四鄰，閑邪存其誠，非物將之，則其心不出也。儼若客，不為主也。渙若冰將釋，方且終之以心凝形釋，骨肉俱融也。敦兮其若樸，復其初也。曠兮其若谷，應而不藏也。渾兮其若濁，無是非彼我之辯也。人皆昭昭也，孰能濁以靜之徐清者乎？徐清則無所不照矣。人皆取先也，孰能安以動之徐生者乎？徐生則無所不出矣。蓋欲靜則平炁，欲神則順心，有為也而欲當，則緣於不得已。平炁也，順心也，乃所以徐清也；緣於不得已，乃所以徐生也。此士之所以能成聖而盡神也。道之體沖，沖也者，陰陽之和而盈虛之守，而保此道者不欲盈，則虛而已。然不曰虛而每曰不盈者，恐人之累於虛也。累於虛則不虛矣。故曰或不盈，不欲盈而已。天下之物，有新則有敝，有敝則有壞，則能不敝者鮮矣。夫唯不盈，則新敝成壞無所容心，是以雖敝不敝，則不壞；不敝不壞，則不新不成矣。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "古之善为士者，将以成圣而尽神也。则其为士也，虽未至乎圣神，所以成圣而尽神者，其闻之固已全尽矣。微妙玄通，深不可识，乃所以成圣而尽神也。微而后妙，妙而后玄，玄而后通，则深不可识矣。夫惟不可识，则其形容安得以拟议哉？强为之容而已。豫若冬涉川，迫而后动，不得已而后起也。犹若畏四邻，闲邪存其诚，非物将之，则其心不出也。俨若客，不为主也。涣若冰将释，方且终之以心凝形释，骨肉俱融也。敦兮其若朴，复其初也。旷兮其若谷，应而不藏也。浑兮其若浊，无是非彼我之辩也。人皆昭昭也，孰能浊以静之徐清者乎？徐清则无所不照矣。人皆取先也，孰能安以动之徐生者乎？徐生则无所不出矣。盖欲静则平炁，欲神则顺心，有为也而欲当，则缘于不得已。平炁也，顺心也，乃所以徐清也；缘于不得已，乃所以徐生也。此士之所以能成圣而尽神也。道之体冲，冲也者，阴阳之和而盈虚之守，而保此道者不欲盈，则虚而已。然不曰虚而每曰不盈者，恐人之累于虚也。累于虚则不虚矣。故曰或不盈，不欲盈而已。天下之物，有新则有敝，有敝则有坏，则能不敝者鲜矣。夫唯不盈，则新敝成坏无所容心，是以虽敝不敝，则不坏；不敝不坏，则不新不成矣。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（節引）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "第十五章" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "kind": "note", "text": "粗盡而微，微極而妙，妙極而玄，玄則無所不通，而深不可識矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "粗尽而微，微极而妙，妙极而玄，玄则无所不通，而深不可识矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "戒而後動曰豫，其所欲為，猶迫而後應，豫然若冬涉川，逡巡如不得已也。疑而不行曰猶，其所不欲，遲而難之，猶然如畏四鄰之見之也。無所不敬，未嘗惰也。知萬物之出於妄，未嘗有所留也。人偽已盡，復其性也。虛而無所不受也。和其光，同其塵，不與物異也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "戒而后动曰豫，其所欲为，犹迫而后应，豫然若冬涉川，逡巡如不得已也。疑而不行曰犹，其所不欲，迟而难之，犹然如畏四邻之见之也。无所不敬，未尝惰也。知万物之出于妄，未尝有所留也。人伪已尽，复其性也。虚而无所不受也。和其光，同其尘，不与物异也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "世俗之士以物汨性，則濁而不復清；枯槁之士以定滅性，則安而不復生。今知濁之亂性也，則靜之，靜之而徐自清矣；知滅性之非道也，則動之，動之而徐自生矣。《易》曰「寂然不動，感而遂通天下之故」，今所謂動者，亦若是耳。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "世俗之士以物汨性，则浊而不复清；枯槁之士以定灭性，则安而不复生。今知浊之乱性也，则静之，静之而徐自清矣；知灭性之非道也，则动之，动之而徐自生矣。《易》曰「寂然不动，感而遂通天下之故」，今所谓动者，亦若是耳。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈", "kind": "note", "text": "盈生於極，濁而不能清，安而不能生，所以盈也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "盈生于极，浊而不能清，安而不能生，所以盈也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "物未有不弊者也。夫惟不盈，故其弊不待新成而自去。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "物未有不弊者也。夫惟不盈，故其弊不待新成而自去。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識。夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "kind": "note", "text": "士謂有道之士。旁達曰通，妙萬物者無所不通。其妙也微而不顯，其通也玄而難辨，淵乎如水之深而不可測，故強為之模擬其外之容以示人也。下文七者是已。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "士谓有道之士。旁达曰通，妙万物者无所不通。其妙也微而不显，其通也玄而难辨，渊乎如水之深而不可测，故强为之模拟其外之容以示人也。下文七者是已。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（節引）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识。夫唯不可识，故强为之容" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "豫兮若冬涉川，猶兮若畏四鄰，儼兮其若容，渙兮若冰之將釋，敦兮其若樸，曠兮其若谷，混兮其若濁", "kind": "note", "text": "豫、猶皆獸名，豫，象屬；猶，犬子也。象能前知，其行遲疑；犬先人行，尋又回轉，故遲回不進，謂之猶豫。冬涉川者怯寒，畏四鄰者懼敵，是以遲回而不進。有道者不敢為天下先，其容如此。儼，矜莊貌，若客隨而不迎也。渙，解散貌，若冰將釋，融液而不凝滯也。敦，篤厚貌；樸，才未成器也。曠，空豁貌，若谷虛而善應也。渾，黃濁貌，若濁美惡玄同，不自潔也。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "豫、犹皆兽名，豫，象属；犹，犬子也。象能前知，其行迟疑；犬先人行，寻又回转，故迟回不进，谓之犹豫。冬涉川者怯寒，畏四邻者惧敌，是以迟回而不进。有道者不敢为天下先，其容如此。俨，矜庄貌，若客随而不迎也。涣，解散貌，若冰将释，融液而不凝滞也。敦，笃厚貌；朴，才未成器也。旷，空豁貌，若谷虚而善应也。浑，黄浊貌，若浊美恶玄同，不自洁也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（節引）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川，犹兮若畏四邻，俨兮其若容，涣兮若冰之将释，敦兮其若朴，旷兮其若谷，混兮其若浊" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生", "kind": "note", "text": "承上濁之一字而設問曰：孰能濁乎？濁者，動之時也，動繼以靜，則徐徐而清矣。又因靜之一字而設問曰：孰能安乎？安者，靜之時也，靜繼以動，則徐徐而生矣。安謂定靜，生謂活動，蓋惟濁故清，惟靜故動。以是推之，則曠者不盈而盈，敦者不器而器，渙者不凝而凝，儼者不為主而主，猶豫者不為先而先，從可知矣。老子之意大率如此，後章「曲則全，枉則直，窪則盈，敝則新」，此意也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "承上浊之一字而设问曰：孰能浊乎？浊者，动之时也，动继以静，则徐徐而清矣。又因静之一字而设问曰：孰能安乎？安者，静之时也，静继以动，则徐徐而生矣。安谓定静，生谓活动，盖惟浊故清，惟静故动。以是推之，则旷者不盈而盈，敦者不器而器，涣者不凝而凝，俨者不为主而主，犹豫者不为先而先，从可知矣。老子之意大率如此，后章「曲则全，枉则直，洼则盈，敝则新」，此意也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "保此道者不欲盈。夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "kind": "note", "text": "成謂完備。凡物敝則缺，新則成；敝而缺者不盈也，新而成者盈也。保守此道之人不欲其盈，故能敝缺，不為新成。章內七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "成谓完备。凡物敝则缺，新则成；敝而缺者不盈也，新而成者盈也。保守此道之人不欲其盈，故能敝缺，不为新成。章内七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "保此道者不欲盈。夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十五章", "kind": "note", "text": "此言聖人體道深玄，故形神俱妙。人能靜定虛心，則故有常存也。《莊子》謂嗜欲深者天機淺。蓋今世俗之人以利欲熏心，故形氣穢濁粗鄙，固執而不化，不得微妙玄通，故天機淺露，極為易見，殆非有道氣象，皆是不善為士也。老子因謂古之善為士者不淺露易見，乃微妙玄通，深不可識。夫為不可識，最難形容，特強為之形容耳。然形容其行動也，豫若冬涉川，猶若畏四鄰。猶豫，行不進貌；冬涉川，謂不敢遽進；畏四鄰，謂不敢妄動，此乃從容不迫之意。其威儀也，儼若客。儼，謂肅然可觀；若客，謂謙退不敢直前。其氣也，渙若冰將釋。《莊子》謂暖然似春，又云冰解凍釋，謂其氣融和，使可親愛之意。其外貌也，敦兮其若樸。敦，敦厚；樸，無文飾也。其中心也，曠兮其若谷。曠，空也；谷，虛也。外體敦厚樸素，而中心空虛寂定也。其跡也，渾兮其若濁。渾，與混同，謂和光同塵也。蓋有道之士，心空無著，故行動威儀、氣象體段，胸次悠然，微妙玄通之若此。所謂孔德之容，惟道是從，故可觀而不可識。世俗之人以功名利祿交錯於前，故形氣穢濁而不可觀。老子因而愍之曰：孰能於此濁亂之中，恬退自養，靜定持心，久久而徐清之耶？蓋心水汨昏，以靜定治之則清，所謂如澄濁水，沙土自沈，清水現前，名為初伏客塵煩惱，不能頓了，故曰徐清。人皆競進於功利之間，老子謂孰能安定自守，久久待時而後生耶？生乃發動，謂應用也，即聖人迫不得已而後應之意。《筆乘》謂老子文法多什韻，蓋清、生、盈、成，一韻耳。若言徐動、徐應，則不什矣。老子嗟嘆至此，乃教之以守道之方，曰：保此道者不欲盈。盈，滿也；欲盈，乃貪得無厭、不知止足之意。謂世人但知汨汨於嗜欲，貪得不足，殊不知天道忌盈，滿則溢矣，所謂「持而盈之，不如其已」。故此教之以不欲盈也。後乃結示知足常足之意，曰：夫惟不盈，是以能敝不新成。故敝，物之舊者謂之敝，凡物舊者最持久。", "authorNote": "節引；底本末句截斷，「最持久」之「久」據文義補", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此言圣人体道深玄，故形神俱妙。人能静定虚心，则故有常存也。《庄子》谓嗜欲深者天机浅。盖今世俗之人以利欲熏心，故形气秽浊粗鄙，固执而不化，不得微妙玄通，故天机浅露，极为易见，殆非有道气象，皆是不善为士也。老子因谓古之善为士者不浅露易见，乃微妙玄通，深不可识。夫为不可识，最难形容，特强为之形容耳。然形容其行动也，豫若冬涉川，犹若畏四邻。犹豫，行不进貌；冬涉川，谓不敢遽进；畏四邻，谓不敢妄动，此乃从容不迫之意。其威仪也，俨若客。俨，谓肃然可观；若客，谓谦退不敢直前。其气也，涣若冰将释。《庄子》谓暖然似春，又云冰解冻释，谓其气融和，使可亲爱之意。其外貌也，敦兮其若朴。敦，敦厚；朴，无文饰也。其中心也，旷兮其若谷。旷，空也；谷，虚也。外体敦厚朴素，而中心空虚寂定也。其迹也，浑兮其若浊。浑，与混同，谓和光同尘也。盖有道之士，心空无着，故行动威仪、气象体段，胸次悠然，微妙玄通之若此。所谓孔德之容，惟道是从，故可观而不可识。世俗之人以功名利禄交错于前，故形气秽浊而不可观。老子因而愍之曰：孰能于此浊乱之中，恬退自养，静定持心，久久而徐清之耶？盖心水汨昏，以静定治之则清，所谓如澄浊水，沙土自沈，清水现前，名为初伏客尘烦恼，不能顿了，故曰徐清。人皆竞进于功利之间，老子谓孰能安定自守，久久待时而后生耶？生乃发动，谓应用也，即圣人迫不得已而后应之意。《笔乘》谓老子文法多什韵，盖清、生、盈、成，一韵耳。若言徐动、徐应，则不什矣。老子嗟叹至此，乃教之以守道之方，曰：保此道者不欲盈。盈，满也；欲盈，乃贪得无厌、不知止足之意。谓世人但知汨汨于嗜欲，贪得不足，殊不知天道忌盈，满则溢矣，所谓「持而盈之，不如其已」。故此教之以不欲盈也。后乃结示知足常足之意，曰：夫惟不盈，是以能敝不新成。故敝，物之旧者谓之敝，凡物旧者最持久。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（節引；底本末句截斷，「最持久」之「久」據文義補）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引；底本末句截断，「最持久」之「久」据文义补", "lemmaSimp": "第十五章" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十五章", "kind": "note", "text": "此章不言聖人至人，而言善為士者，是專示人入道之要。而強為之容也。粗盡而微，微至而妙，妙極而玄，則無所不通而深不可識矣。戒而後動曰豫，其所欲行，迫而後動，不得已也。疑而不行曰猶，其所不欲，遲而難之，如有所畏也。儼若客，不敢肆也。此三者皆有道者不敢為天下先，其容若此。然其豫猶儼恪者，初非有所執而不化也，渙若冰之將釋，油然無形而物莫之覺矣。夫奚滯之有乎？故又以下三者形容之。為道至於融釋，則反本完真，乃能存天性之全而不雕於人偽，故若樸也；性全而不自有其全，無所不受，故若谷；水性本清而不自潔於物，故若濁。夫七者有道之容，而即求道之要。豫猶儼恪者，所以入德也；既渙然冰釋，乃能希夫敦樸曠渾之全，所以成德也。道至於濁，則和光同塵，與物一體，此忘我之極而最難者也。故即承濁問曰：孰能濁以止乎？濁者動之時也，動久而靜，吾恐其又察察以為清矣。因又承靜問曰：孰能安以久乎？安者靜之時也，靜繼以動，吾恐其又紛紛而生起矣。是皆知道而不能自保者也。所以不能保，皆由其易盈。是以分別與躁動乘之，而不能止且久。惟不以善自盈，則能安其敝而不求新成，斯則其能濁也、安以久也，如此則微妙玄通之道斯可保矣。蓋敦樸曠渾者濁之容，豫猶儼恪者安之容，皆以沖得之，以盈失之者也。老子之「大成若缺，其用不敝；大盈若沖，其用不窮」，保此道之謂也。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "此章不言圣人至人，而言善为士者，是专示人入道之要。而强为之容也。粗尽而微，微至而妙，妙极而玄，则无所不通而深不可识矣。戒而后动曰豫，其所欲行，迫而后动，不得已也。疑而不行曰犹，其所不欲，迟而难之，如有所畏也。俨若客，不敢肆也。此三者皆有道者不敢为天下先，其容若此。然其豫犹俨恪者，初非有所执而不化也，涣若冰之将释，油然无形而物莫之觉矣。夫奚滞之有乎？故又以下三者形容之。为道至于融释，则反本完真，乃能存天性之全而不雕于人伪，故若朴也；性全而不自有其全，无所不受，故若谷；水性本清而不自洁于物，故若浊。夫七者有道之容，而即求道之要。豫犹俨恪者，所以入德也；既涣然冰释，乃能希夫敦朴旷浑之全，所以成德也。道至于浊，则和光同尘，与物一体，此忘我之极而最难者也。故即承浊问曰：孰能浊以止乎？浊者动之时也，动久而静，吾恐其又察察以为清矣。因又承静问曰：孰能安以久乎？安者静之时也，静继以动，吾恐其又纷纷而生起矣。是皆知道而不能自保者也。所以不能保，皆由其易盈。是以分别与躁动乘之，而不能止且久。惟不以善自盈，则能安其敝而不求新成，斯则其能浊也、安以久也，如此则微妙玄通之道斯可保矣。盖敦朴旷浑者浊之容，豫犹俨恪者安之容，皆以冲得之，以盈失之者也。老子之「大成若缺，其用不敝；大盈若冲，其用不穷」，保此道之谓也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（節引）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "第十五章" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十五章", "kind": "note", "text": "擇妙者眾，繇微而妙者鮮；求通者多，以玄為通者希。夫章甫不可以適越，而我無入越之心，則妙不在冠不冠之中，而敢以冠嘗試其身乎？而敢以不冠嘗試其首乎？又惡知夫不敢嘗試者之越不為我適也？坐以消之，則冰可燠，濁可清；以雨行而不假蓋，以饑往而不裹粻。其徐俟之也，豈果有黃河之不可澄、馬角之不可生哉？天下已如斯矣，而競名者以折銳為功。久矣，其棄故喜新而不能成也！", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "择妙者众，繇微而妙者鲜；求通者多，以玄为通者希。夫章甫不可以适越，而我无入越之心，则妙不在冠不冠之中，而敢以冠尝试其身乎？而敢以不冠尝试其首乎？又恶知夫不敢尝试者之越不为我适也？坐以消之，则冰可燠，浊可清；以雨行而不假盖，以饥往而不裹粻。其徐俟之也，岂果有黄河之不可澄、马角之不可生哉？天下已如斯矣，而竞名者以折锐为功。久矣，其弃故喜新而不能成也！", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "lemmaSimp": "第十五章" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 4, "end": 5, "char": "士", "charSimp": "士", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "shì", "gloss": "有道之士；一說事。", "glossSimp": "有道之士；一说事。", "general": "河上公注：「謂得道之君也。」御注：「士，事也。」成玄英疏：「為者，修學也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「谓得道之君也。」御注：「士，事也。」成玄英疏：「为者，修学也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 7, "end": 11, "char": "微妙玄通", "charSimp": "微妙玄通", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 11, "pinyin": "wēi miào xuán tōng", "gloss": "精微、妙極、玄遠而通達。", "glossSimp": "精微、妙极、玄远而通达。", "general": "河上公注：「玄，天也。言其志節玄妙，精與天通。」成玄英疏：「微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境。」吳澄注：「微而不顯，玄而難辨。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「玄，天也。言其志节玄妙，精与天通。」成玄英疏：「微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境。」吴澄注：「微而不显，玄而难辨。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 12, "end": 16, "char": "深不可識", "charSimp": "深不可识", "startSimp": 12, "endSimp": 16, "pinyin": "shēn bù kě shí", "gloss": "深奧而不可測識。", "glossSimp": "深奥而不可测识。", "general": "河上公注：「道德深遠，不可識知。」御注：「德容深邃，不可識知。」蘇轍注：「玄則無所不通，而深不可識矣。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「道德深远，不可识知。」御注：「德容深邃，不可识知。」苏辙注：「玄则无所不通，而深不可识矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 10, "end": 11, "char": "容", "charSimp": "容", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 11, "pinyin": "róng", "gloss": "形貌、容狀。", "glossSimp": "形貌、容状。", "general": "河上公注：「謂下句也。」成玄英疏：「容者，形貌也。」李榮注：「容，相貌也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「谓下句也。」成玄英疏：「容者，形貌也。」李荣注：「容，相貌也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "李荣注" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 1, "char": "豫", "charSimp": "豫", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 1, "pinyin": "yù", "gloss": "遲疑審慎；一說閑豫。", "glossSimp": "迟疑审慎；一说闲豫。", "general": "河上公注：「舉事輒加重慎。」御注：「豫，閑豫也。」蘇轍注：「戒而後動曰豫。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「举事辄加重慎。」御注：「豫，闲豫也。」苏辙注：「戒而后动曰豫。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 7, "end": 8, "char": "猶", "charSimp": "犹", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "yóu", "gloss": "遲疑不進。", "glossSimp": "迟疑不进。", "general": "河上公注：「其進猶猶若拘制。」御注：「猶，猶豫疑難也。」吳澄注：「豫、猶皆獸名。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「其进犹犹若拘制。」御注：「犹，犹豫疑难也。」吴澄注：「豫、犹皆兽名。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 14, "end": 15, "char": "儼", "charSimp": "俨", "startSimp": 14, "endSimp": 15, "pinyin": "yǎn", "gloss": "矜莊、肅敬。", "glossSimp": "矜庄、肃敬。", "general": "河上公注：「如客對主人，儼然無所造作也。」成玄英疏：「儼，矜莊貌。」吳澄注：「儼，矜莊貌，若客隨而不迎也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「如客对主人，俨然无所造作也。」成玄英疏：「俨，矜庄貌。」吴澄注：「俨，矜庄貌，若客随而不迎也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 20, "end": 21, "char": "渙", "charSimp": "涣", "startSimp": 20, "endSimp": 21, "pinyin": "huàn", "gloss": "解散、融釋。", "glossSimp": "解散、融释。", "general": "河上公注：「渙者，解散也。」御注：「渙然若春冰之釋散也。」吳澄注：「渙，解散貌。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「涣者，解散也。」御注：「涣然若春冰之释散也。」吴澄注：「涣，解散貌。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 28, "end": 29, "char": "敦", "charSimp": "敦", "startSimp": 28, "endSimp": 29, "pinyin": "dūn", "gloss": "敦厚、淳厚。", "glossSimp": "敦厚、淳厚。", "general": "河上公注：「敦者，質厚也。」成玄英疏：「敦，淳厚也。」御疏：「敦，敦厚也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「敦者，质厚也。」成玄英疏：「敦，淳厚也。」御疏：「敦，敦厚也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御疏" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 40, "end": 41, "char": "混", "charSimp": "混", "startSimp": 40, "endSimp": 41, "pinyin": "hùn", "gloss": "混同、和雜。", "glossSimp": "混同、和杂。", "general": "成玄英疏：「混，和雜也。」李榮注：「心無分別，混也。」憨山注：「渾，與混同，謂和光同塵也。」", "generalSimp": "成玄英疏：「混，和杂也。」李荣注：「心无分别，混也。」憨山注：「浑，与混同，谓和光同尘也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "成玄英疏", "李榮注", "憨山注" ], "refsSimp": [ "成玄英疏", "李荣注", "憨山注" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 6, "end": 7, "char": "徐", "charSimp": "徐", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "xú", "gloss": "緩慢、漸漸。", "glossSimp": "缓慢、渐渐。", "general": "王弼注：「徐者，詳慎也。」成玄英疏：「徐，緩也。」李榮注：「徐，漸也。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「徐者，详慎也。」成玄英疏：「徐，缓也。」李荣注：「徐，渐也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "李荣注" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "徐生", "charSimp": "徐生", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "xú shēng", "gloss": "徐徐生發。", "glossSimp": "徐徐生发。", "general": "御注：「生猶動出也。」吳澄注：「生謂活動。」憨山注：「生乃發動，謂應用也。」", "generalSimp": "御注：「生犹动出也。」吴澄注：「生谓活动。」憨山注：「生乃发动，谓应用也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "御注", "吳澄注", "憨山注" ], "refsSimp": [ "御注", "吴澄注", "憨山注" ] }, { "id": "n013", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 6, "end": 7, "char": "盈", "charSimp": "盈", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "yíng", "gloss": "滿溢。", "glossSimp": "满溢。", "general": "王弼注：「盈必溢也。」河上公注：「不欲奢泰盈溢。」御疏：「滯法安清，是名盈滿。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「盈必溢也。」河上公注：「不欲奢泰盈溢。」御疏：「滞法安清，是名盈满。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "御疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "御疏" ] }, { "id": "n014", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 7, "end": 8, "char": "蔽", "charSimp": "蔽", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "bì", "gloss": "敝舊、破舊；王弼訓為覆蓋。", "glossSimp": "敝旧、破旧；王弼训为覆盖。", "general": "王弼注：「蔽，覆蓋也。」河上公注：「能守弊，不為新成。」吳澄注：「敝而缺者不盈也。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「蔽，覆盖也。」河上公注：「能守弊，不为新成。」吴澄注：「敝而缺者不盈也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "吴澄注" ] } ], "glossary": { "士": "有道之士；一說事。", "微妙玄通": "精微、妙極、玄遠而通達。", "容": "形貌、容狀。", "豫": "遲疑審慎；一說閑豫。", "猶": "遲疑不進。", "儼": "矜莊、肅敬。", "渙": "解散、融釋。", "敦": "敦厚、淳厚。", "樸": "未經雕琢的原木；質樸。", "曠": "空曠、寬大。", "混": "混同、和雜。", "濁": "渾濁；此喻與俗和同、不露清澄。", "徐": "緩慢、漸漸。", "盈": "滿溢。", "蔽": "敝舊、破舊；王弼訓為覆蓋。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "儼兮其若容與儼兮其若客", "text": "王弼、蘇轍、李榮本作「儼兮其若容」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲、呂惠卿、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之諸本並作「客」。容謂容貌，客謂賓客，義得兩通。正文從王弼本作「容」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、蘇轍《老子解》、李榮《道德真經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、苏辙、李荣本作「俨兮其若容」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、吕惠卿、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本并作「客」。容谓容貌，客谓宾客，义得两通。正文从王弼本作「容」。", "headwordSimp": "俨兮其若容与俨兮其若客", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、苏辙《老子解》、李荣《道德真经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "混兮其若濁與渾兮其若濁", "text": "王弼、李榮、王夫之本作「混兮其若濁」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山諸本並作「渾兮其若濁」。混、渾義近，皆取混同不露之意。正文從王弼本作「混」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、李榮《道德真經注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "王弼、李荣、王夫之本作「混兮其若浊」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山诸本并作「浑兮其若浊」。混、浑义近，皆取混同不露之意。正文从王弼本作「混」。", "headwordSimp": "混兮其若浊与浑兮其若浊", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、李荣《道德真经注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "七容兮字有無", "text": "王弼、河上公、李榮、吳澄本豫、猶、儼、渙、敦、曠、混下皆有「兮」字；唐玄宗御注、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、憨山、魏源諸本多省「兮」字。正文從王弼本存「兮」。魏源校語謂「諸本豫猶儼渙下多又兮字，陸希聲無之」，與諸本實際不合，存疑。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、李榮《道德真經注》、吳澄《道德真經注》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、李荣、吴澄本豫、犹、俨、涣、敦、旷、混下皆有「兮」字；唐玄宗御注、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、憨山、魏源诸本多省「兮」字。正文从王弼本存「兮」。魏源校语谓「诸本豫犹俨涣下多又兮字，陆希声无之」，与诸本实际不合，存疑。", "headwordSimp": "七容兮字有无", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、李荣《道德真经注》、吴澄《道德真经注》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "渙兮若冰之將釋異文", "text": "王弼本作「渙兮若冰之將釋」，河上公、唐玄宗、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源並同，惟「兮」字或有省；王夫之本作「渙兮其若凌釋」，「凌」為冰之別名；陸希聲傳文作「渙然若春冰之方泮」，乃釋義而非經文。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》、陸希聲《道德經傳》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「涣兮若冰之将释」，河上公、唐玄宗、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源并同，惟「兮」字或有省；王夫之本作「涣兮其若凌释」，「凌」为冰之别名；陆希声传文作「涣然若春冰之方泮」，乃释义而非经文。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "涣兮若冰之将释异文", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》、陆希声《道德经传》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "安以久動與安以動之", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮、蘇轍、魏源本並有「久」字，陸希聲、呂惠卿、吳澄、王夫之諸本無「久」；憨山本作「安以久之徐生」，有「之」而無「動」。正文從王弼本作「安以久動之徐生」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、蘇轍《老子解》、魏源《老子本義》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》、王夫之《老子衍》、釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣、苏辙、魏源本并有「久」字，陆希声、吕惠卿、吴澄、王夫之诸本无「久」；憨山本作「安以久之徐生」，有「之」而无「动」。正文从王弼本作「安以久动之徐生」。", "headwordSimp": "安以久动与安以动之", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、苏辙《老子解》、魏源《老子本义》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》、王夫之《老子衍》、释德清《道德经解》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "蔽不新成與弊不新成", "text": "王弼、蘇轍、吳澄、王夫之本作「蔽不新成」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲本作「弊不新成」，呂惠卿本作「敝不新成」，李榮本作「能弊復成」，魏源本作「蔽而不新成」。蔽、弊、敝三字通用，皆取敝舊不完美之義；王弼訓蔽為覆蓋，則別是一解。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、李榮《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、苏辙、吴澄、王夫之本作「蔽不新成」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声本作「弊不新成」，吕惠卿本作「敝不新成」，李荣本作「能弊复成」，魏源本作「蔽而不新成」。蔽、弊、敝三字通用，皆取敝旧不完美之义；王弼训蔽为覆盖，则别是一解。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "蔽不新成与弊不新成", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、李荣《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k006" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "濁以靜之與濁以止靜之", "text": "王弼、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、王夫之本作「濁以靜之」，河上公、魏源本作「濁以止靜之」，魏源謂「今從河上本，以止與久為韻」。正文從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、王夫之本作「浊以静之」，河上公、魏源本作「浊以止静之」，魏源谓「今从河上本，以止与久为韵」。正文从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "浊以静之与浊以止静之", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k007" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "善為士者與善為道者", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源諸本並作「善為士者」，王夫之本作「善為道者」。魏源校語謂傅奕本作「道」。正文從王弼本作「士」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源诸本并作「善为士者」，王夫之本作「善为道者」。魏源校语谓傅奕本作「道」。正文从王弼本作「士」。", "headwordSimp": "善为士者与善为道者", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k008" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "王弼首二句無注", "text": "道藏本王弼注於「古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識。夫唯不可識，故強為之容」下無注，自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，故其說僅見於七容以下諸組。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "道藏本王弼注于「古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识。夫唯不可识，故强为之容」下无注，自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，故其说仅见于七容以下诸组。", "headwordSimp": "王弼首二句无注", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "id": "k009" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "王夫之衍文", "text": "王夫之本「混兮其若濁」後有「澹兮其若海；泊兮若無止」二句，諸本無之。此二句見於通行本第二十章，當是錯簡羼入，正文不從。", "source": "王夫之《老子衍》、王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "王夫之本「混兮其若浊」后有「澹兮其若海；泊兮若无止」二句，诸本无之。此二句见于通行本第二十章，当是错简羼入，正文不从。", "headwordSimp": "王夫之衍文", "sourceSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》、王弼《老子道德经注》", "id": "k010" }, { "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "成疏保此道條錯簡", "text": "《玄德纂疏》「保此道者不欲盈」條下，河上公注後攙入李榮注與成玄英疏殘文，「此成動疏寂不保殊持一中也道者盈不滿欲住中而盈滿也此遣中也」一段文字錯亂，無從復原。今成疏此條不錄，僅存其「夫唯不盈」下「聖人於有為敝濁之內」一條。", "source": "《道德真經玄德纂疏》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》", "textSimp": "《玄德纂疏》「保此道者不欲盈」条下，河上公注后搀入李荣注与成玄英疏残文，「此成动疏寂不保殊持一中也道者盈不满欲住中而盈满也此遣中也」一段文字错乱，无从复原。今成疏此条不录，仅存其「夫唯不盈」下「圣人于有为敝浊之内」一条。", "headwordSimp": "成疏保此道条错简", "sourceSimp": "《道德真经玄德纂疏》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》", "id": "k011" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "憨山底本截斷", "text": "憨山底本至「凡物旧者，最持」截斷，末句「最持久」之「久」據文義補；其本「孰能安以久之徐生」有「之」而無「動」，與諸本異。", "source": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "憨山底本至「凡物旧者，最持」截断，末句「最持久」之「久」据文义补；其本「孰能安以久之徐生」有「之」而无「动」，与诸本异。", "headwordSimp": "憨山底本截断", "sourceSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "id": "k012" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次", "text": "河上公題「顯德第十五」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「古之善為士章第十五」，王夫之題「十五章」；吳澄、魏源合上章於前，此章在其本題為第十四章，篇末自題「右第十四章」。本站從通行分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、王夫之《老子衍》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公题「显德第十五」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙并题「古之善为士章第十五」，王夫之题「十五章」；吴澄、魏源合上章于前，此章在其本题为第十四章，篇末自题「右第十四章」。本站从通行分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、王夫之《老子衍》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k013" } ], "glossarySimp": { "士": "有道之士；一说事。", "微妙玄通": "精微、妙极、玄远而通达。", "容": "形貌、容状。", "豫": "迟疑审慎；一说闲豫。", "犹": "迟疑不进。", "俨": "矜庄、肃敬。", "涣": "解散、融释。", "敦": "敦厚、淳厚。", "朴": "未经雕琢的原木；质朴。", "旷": "空旷、宽大。", "混": "混同、和杂。", "浊": "浑浊；此喻与俗和同、不露清澄。", "徐": "缓慢、渐渐。", "盈": "满溢。", "蔽": "敝旧、破旧；王弼训为覆盖。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "士", "headwordSimp": "士", "pinyin": "shì", "gloss": "有道之士；一說事。", "glossSimp": "有道之士；一说事。", "general": "河上公注：「謂得道之君也。」御注：「士，事也。」成玄英疏：「為者，修學也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「谓得道之君也。」御注：「士，事也。」成玄英疏：「为者，修学也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "士", "formSimp": "士", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "微妙玄通", "headwordSimp": "微妙玄通", "pinyin": "wēi miào xuán tōng", "gloss": "精微、妙極、玄遠而通達。", "glossSimp": "精微、妙极、玄远而通达。", "general": "河上公注：「玄，天也。言其志節玄妙，精與天通。」成玄英疏：「微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境。」吳澄注：「微而不顯，玄而難辨。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「玄，天也。言其志节玄妙，精与天通。」成玄英疏：「微妙是能修之智，玄通是所修之境。」吴澄注：「微而不显，玄而难辨。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "微妙玄通", "formSimp": "微妙玄通", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "深不可識", "headwordSimp": "深不可识", "pinyin": "shēn bù kě shí", "gloss": "深奧而不可測識。", "glossSimp": "深奥而不可测识。", "general": "河上公注：「道德深遠，不可識知。」御注：「德容深邃，不可識知。」蘇轍注：「玄則無所不通，而深不可識矣。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「道德深远，不可识知。」御注：「德容深邃，不可识知。」苏辙注：「玄则无所不通，而深不可识矣。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "深不可識", "formSimp": "深不可识", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "容", "headwordSimp": "容", "pinyin": "róng", "gloss": "形貌、容狀。", "glossSimp": "形貌、容状。", "general": "河上公注：「謂下句也。」成玄英疏：「容者，形貌也。」李榮注：「容，相貌也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「谓下句也。」成玄英疏：「容者，形貌也。」李荣注：「容，相貌也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "李荣注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "容", "formSimp": "容", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s002", "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002", "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "豫", "headwordSimp": "豫", "pinyin": "yù", "gloss": "遲疑審慎；一說閑豫。", "glossSimp": "迟疑审慎；一说闲豫。", "general": "河上公注：「舉事輒加重慎。」御注：「豫，閑豫也。」蘇轍注：「戒而後動曰豫。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「举事辄加重慎。」御注：「豫，闲豫也。」苏辙注：「戒而后动曰豫。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "豫", "formSimp": "豫", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "猶", "headwordSimp": "犹", "pinyin": "yóu", "gloss": "遲疑不進。", "glossSimp": "迟疑不进。", "general": "河上公注：「其進猶猶若拘制。」御注：「猶，猶豫疑難也。」吳澄注：「豫、猶皆獸名。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「其进犹犹若拘制。」御注：「犹，犹豫疑难也。」吴澄注：「豫、犹皆兽名。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "猶", "formSimp": "犹", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "儼", "headwordSimp": "俨", "pinyin": "yǎn", "gloss": "矜莊、肅敬。", "glossSimp": "矜庄、肃敬。", "general": "河上公注：「如客對主人，儼然無所造作也。」成玄英疏：「儼，矜莊貌。」吳澄注：「儼，矜莊貌，若客隨而不迎也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「如客对主人，俨然无所造作也。」成玄英疏：「俨，矜庄貌。」吴澄注：「俨，矜庄貌，若客随而不迎也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "儼", "formSimp": "俨", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "渙", "headwordSimp": "涣", "pinyin": "huàn", "gloss": "解散、融釋。", "glossSimp": "解散、融释。", "general": "河上公注：「渙者，解散也。」御注：「渙然若春冰之釋散也。」吳澄注：「渙，解散貌。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「涣者，解散也。」御注：「涣然若春冰之释散也。」吴澄注：「涣，解散貌。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "御注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "渙", "formSimp": "涣", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "敦", "headwordSimp": "敦", "pinyin": "dūn", "gloss": "敦厚、淳厚。", "glossSimp": "敦厚、淳厚。", "general": "河上公注：「敦者，質厚也。」成玄英疏：「敦，淳厚也。」御疏：「敦，敦厚也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「敦者，质厚也。」成玄英疏：「敦，淳厚也。」御疏：「敦，敦厚也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "敦", "formSimp": "敦", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "混", "headwordSimp": "混", "pinyin": "hùn", "gloss": "混同、和雜。", "glossSimp": "混同、和杂。", "general": "成玄英疏：「混，和雜也。」李榮注：「心無分別，混也。」憨山注：「渾，與混同，謂和光同塵也。」", "generalSimp": "成玄英疏：「混，和杂也。」李荣注：「心无分别，混也。」憨山注：「浑，与混同，谓和光同尘也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "成玄英疏", "李榮注", "憨山注" ], "refsSimp": [ "成玄英疏", "李荣注", "憨山注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "混", "formSimp": "混", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "徐", "headwordSimp": "徐", "pinyin": "xú", "gloss": "緩慢、漸漸。", "glossSimp": "缓慢、渐渐。", "general": "王弼注：「徐者，詳慎也。」成玄英疏：「徐，緩也。」李榮注：「徐，漸也。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「徐者，详慎也。」成玄英疏：「徐，缓也。」李荣注：「徐，渐也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "李榮注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "李荣注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "徐", "formSimp": "徐", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "徐生", "headwordSimp": "徐生", "pinyin": "xú shēng", "gloss": "徐徐生發。", "glossSimp": "徐徐生发。", "general": "御注：「生猶動出也。」吳澄注：「生謂活動。」憨山注：「生乃發動，謂應用也。」", "generalSimp": "御注：「生犹动出也。」吴澄注：「生谓活动。」憨山注：「生乃发动，谓应用也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "御注", "吳澄注", "憨山注" ], "refsSimp": [ "御注", "吴澄注", "憨山注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "徐生", "formSimp": "徐生", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 13, "id": "n013", "noteId": "n013", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "盈", "headwordSimp": "盈", "pinyin": "yíng", "gloss": "滿溢。", "glossSimp": "满溢。", "general": "王弼注：「盈必溢也。」河上公注：「不欲奢泰盈溢。」御疏：「滯法安清，是名盈滿。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「盈必溢也。」河上公注：「不欲奢泰盈溢。」御疏：「滞法安清，是名盈满。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "御疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "御疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "盈", "formSimp": "盈", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s006", "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006", "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 14, "id": "n014", "noteId": "n014", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "蔽", "headwordSimp": "蔽", "pinyin": "bì", "gloss": "敝舊、破舊；王弼訓為覆蓋。", "glossSimp": "敝旧、破旧；王弼训为覆盖。", "general": "王弼注：「蔽，覆蓋也。」河上公注：「能守弊，不為新成。」吳澄注：「敝而缺者不盈也。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「蔽，覆盖也。」河上公注：「能守弊，不为新成。」吴澄注：「敝而缺者不盈也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "蔽", "formSimp": "蔽", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 15, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "士", "headwordSimp": "士", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "有道之士；一說事。", "glossSimp": "有道之士；一说事。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "士", "formSimp": "士", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "微妙玄通", "headwordSimp": "微妙玄通", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "精微、妙極、玄遠而通達。", "glossSimp": "精微、妙极、玄远而通达。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "微妙玄通", "formSimp": "微妙玄通", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "容", "headwordSimp": "容", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "形貌、容狀。", "glossSimp": "形貌、容状。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "容", "formSimp": "容", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s002", "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002", "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "豫", "headwordSimp": "豫", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "遲疑審慎；一說閑豫。", "glossSimp": "迟疑审慎；一说闲豫。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "豫", "formSimp": "豫", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "猶", "headwordSimp": "犹", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "遲疑不進。", "glossSimp": "迟疑不进。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "猶", "formSimp": "犹", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "儼", "headwordSimp": "俨", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "矜莊、肅敬。", "glossSimp": "矜庄、肃敬。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "儼", "formSimp": "俨", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "渙", "headwordSimp": "涣", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "解散、融釋。", "glossSimp": "解散、融释。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "渙", "formSimp": "涣", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "敦", "headwordSimp": "敦", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "敦厚、淳厚。", "glossSimp": "敦厚、淳厚。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "敦", "formSimp": "敦", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "樸", "headwordSimp": "朴", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "未經雕琢的原木；質樸。", "glossSimp": "未经雕琢的原木；质朴。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "樸", "formSimp": "朴", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "曠", "headwordSimp": "旷", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "空曠、寬大。", "glossSimp": "空旷、宽大。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "曠", "formSimp": "旷", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "混", "headwordSimp": "混", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "混同、和雜。", "glossSimp": "混同、和杂。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "混", "formSimp": "混", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "濁", "headwordSimp": "浊", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "渾濁；此喻與俗和同、不露清澄。", "glossSimp": "浑浊；此喻与俗和同、不露清澄。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "濁", "formSimp": "浊", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "徐", "headwordSimp": "徐", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "緩慢、漸漸。", "glossSimp": "缓慢、渐渐。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "徐", "formSimp": "徐", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "盈", "headwordSimp": "盈", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "滿溢。", "glossSimp": "满溢。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "盈", "formSimp": "盈", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s006", "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006", "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "蔽", "headwordSimp": "蔽", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "敝舊、破舊；王弼訓為覆蓋。", "glossSimp": "敝旧、破旧；王弼训为覆盖。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "蔽", "formSimp": "蔽", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第十五章七句的十二至十四家對照。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「古之善為士者」與「儼若客、渙若冰將釋」下二條輯文，故僅見於首句與七容二組；王弼此章自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，故首二句王弼無說。成玄英「保此道者」一條，《玄德纂疏》錯簡攙亂，無從復原，故保道一組不列成疏。河上公、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十家七組皆備。", "concepts": [ { "id": "gu-zhi-shan-wei-shi", "name": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "nameTrad": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識", "question": "「古之善為士者」何以言「微妙玄通」？「深不可識」所指為何？", "questionTrad": "「古之善為士者」何以言「微妙玄通」？「深不可識」所指為何？", "intro": "首句標舉善為士者之德。河上公以得道之君為說，玄為天，志節玄妙、精與天通，道德深遠不可識知，內視如盲、反聽若聾；成玄英以古昔、善惡相對、修學釋之，謂前章執古御今、此章御今引古，微妙是能修之智、玄通是所修之境，境智相會而不可心識；唐玄宗以士為事，謂善以道為事者玄鑒通照、德容深邃，御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達、宇量深邃申之；嚴遵謂上通道德、下達神明、秉天地之常、挾陰陽之變，隱匿形容、絕滅端緒、作事由反；李榮謂道機微要妙、玄寂虛通，行與道合，不可以言言、不可以識識；陸希聲謂德用微妙、道體玄通、深隱難知；呂惠卿謂微而後妙、妙而後玄、玄而後通，故深不可識；蘇轍謂粗盡而微、微極而妙、妙極而玄，玄則無所不通；吳澄以旁達為通、微不顯、玄難辨、淵深不可測；憨山謂聖人體道深玄、形神俱妙，世俗利欲熏心、天機淺露；魏源謂粗盡而微、微至而妙、妙極而玄，此章專示入道之要；王夫之辨擇妙者眾、繇微而妙者鮮，求通者多、以玄為通者希。王弼此二句無注。", "introTrad": "首句標舉善為士者之德。河上公以得道之君為說，玄為天，志節玄妙、精與天通，道德深遠不可識知，內視如盲、反聽若聾；成玄英以古昔、善惡相對、修學釋之，謂前章執古御今、此章御今引古，微妙是能修之智、玄通是所修之境，境智相會而不可心識；唐玄宗以士為事，謂善以道為事者玄鑒通照、德容深邃，御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達、宇量深邃申之；嚴遵謂上通道德、下達神明、秉天地之常、挾陰陽之變，隱匿形容、絕滅端緒、作事由反；李榮謂道機微要妙、玄寂虛通，行與道合，不可以言言、不可以識識；陸希聲謂德用微妙、道體玄通、深隱難知；呂惠卿謂微而後妙、妙而後玄、玄而後通，故深不可識；蘇轍謂粗盡而微、微極而妙、妙極而玄，玄則無所不通；吳澄以旁達為通、微不顯、玄難辨、淵深不可測；憨山謂聖人體道深玄、形神俱妙，世俗利欲熏心、天機淺露；魏源謂粗盡而微、微至而妙、妙極而玄，此章專示入道之要；王夫之辨擇妙者眾、繇微而妙者鮮，求通者多、以玄為通者希。王弼此二句無注。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "得道之君，志節玄妙，精與天通；道德深遠，不可識知，內視如盲、反聽若聾。", "thesisTrad": "得道之君，志節玄妙，精與天通；道德深遠，不可識知，內視如盲、反聽若聾。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "得道之君，志节玄妙，精与天通；道德深远，不可识知，内视如盲、反听若聋。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "微妙為能修之智，玄通為所修之境；境智相會，能所俱深，不可以心識。", "thesisTrad": "微妙為能修之智，玄通為所修之境；境智相會，能所俱深，不可以心識。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "微妙为能修之智，玄通为所修之境；境智相会，能所俱深，不可以心识。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "士，事也；善以道為事者玄鑒通照，德容深邃；御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達申之。", "thesisTrad": "士，事也；善以道為事者玄鑒通照，德容深邃；御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達申之。", "noteIds": [ "c018", "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "士，事也；善以道为事者玄鉴通照，德容深邃；御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通达申之。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "上通道德，下達神明，秉天地之常，挾陰陽之變；隱匿形容，絕滅端緒，作事由反而不可識。", "thesisTrad": "上通道德，下達神明，秉天地之常，挾陰陽之變；隱匿形容，絕滅端緒，作事由反而不可識。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "上通道德，下达神明，秉天地之常，挟阴阳之变；隐匿形容，绝灭端绪，作事由反而不可识。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道機微要妙，玄寂虛通；行與道合，不可以言言、不可以識識。", "thesisTrad": "道機微要妙，玄寂虛通；行與道合，不可以言言、不可以識識。", "noteIds": [ "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道机微要妙，玄寂虚通；行与道合，不可以言言、不可以识识。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "德用微妙，道體玄通，深隱難知，故強為之象。", "thesisTrad": "德用微妙，道體玄通，深隱難知，故強為之象。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "德用微妙，道体玄通，深隐难知，故强为之象。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "微而後妙，妙而後玄，玄而後通，故深不可識；此所以成聖盡神。", "thesisTrad": "微而後妙，妙而後玄，玄而後通，故深不可識；此所以成聖盡神。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "微而后妙，妙而后玄，玄而后通，故深不可识；此所以成圣尽神。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "粗盡而微，微極而妙，妙極而玄；玄則無所不通，而深不可識。", "thesisTrad": "粗盡而微，微極而妙，妙極而玄；玄則無所不通，而深不可識。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "粗尽而微，微极而妙，妙极而玄；玄则无所不通，而深不可识。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "有道之士旁達為通；微而不顯，玄而難辨，淵深不可測，故強模擬其外容。", "thesisTrad": "有道之士旁達為通；微而不顯，玄而難辨，淵深不可測，故強模擬其外容。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "有道之士旁达为通；微而不显，玄而难辨，渊深不可测，故强模拟其外容。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人體道深玄，形神俱妙；世俗利欲熏心，天機淺露，故善為士者深不可識。", "thesisTrad": "聖人體道深玄，形神俱妙；世俗利欲熏心，天機淺露，故善為士者深不可識。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人体道深玄，形神俱妙；世俗利欲熏心，天机浅露，故善为士者深不可识。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "粗盡而微，微至而妙，妙極而玄；此章不言聖人而言善為士，專示入道之要。", "thesisTrad": "粗盡而微，微至而妙，妙極而玄；此章不言聖人而言善為士，專示入道之要。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "粗尽而微，微至而妙，妙极而玄；此章不言圣人而言善为士，专示入道之要。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "擇妙者眾，繇微而妙者鮮；求通者多，以玄為通者希。", "thesisTrad": "擇妙者眾，繇微而妙者鮮；求通者多，以玄為通者希。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "择妙者众，繇微而妙者鲜；求通者多，以玄为通者希。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以得道之君、志節玄妙、精與天通釋之。", "textTrad": "河上公以得道之君、志節玄妙、精與天通釋之。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以得道之君、志节玄妙、精与天通释之。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以微妙為智、玄通為境，境智相會而不可心識。", "textTrad": "成玄英以微妙為智、玄通為境，境智相會而不可心識。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以微妙为智、玄通为境，境智相会而不可心识。" }, { "noteId": "c018", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以士為事，謂玄鑒通照、德容深邃。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以士為事，謂玄鑒通照、德容深邃。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以士为事，谓玄鉴通照、德容深邃。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達、宇量深邃申之。", "textTrad": "御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通達、宇量深邃申之。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通达、宇量深邃申之。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以上通道德、下達神明、作事由反為說。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以上通道德、下達神明、作事由反為說。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以上通道德、下达神明、作事由反为说。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂道機微要妙，不可以言言、不可以識識。", "textTrad": "李榮謂道機微要妙，不可以言言、不可以識識。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓道机微要妙，不可以言言、不可以识识。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂德用微妙、道體玄通，深隱難知。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂德用微妙、道體玄通，深隱難知。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓德用微妙、道体玄通，深隐难知。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以微、妙、玄、通四者次第相生為說。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以微、妙、玄、通四者次第相生為說。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以微、妙、玄、通四者次第相生为说。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以粗盡而微、微極而妙、妙極而玄為說。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以粗盡而微、微極而妙、妙極而玄為說。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以粗尽而微、微极而妙、妙极而玄为说。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以旁達為通、微不顯、玄難辨、淵深不可測為說。", "textTrad": "吳澄以旁達為通、微不顯、玄難辨、淵深不可測為說。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以旁达为通、微不显、玄难辨、渊深不可测为说。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂聖人形神俱妙，世俗則天機淺露。", "textTrad": "憨山謂聖人形神俱妙，世俗則天機淺露。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓圣人形神俱妙，世俗则天机浅露。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂此章專示入道之要，七者即求道之要。", "textTrad": "魏源謂此章專示入道之要，七者即求道之要。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓此章专示入道之要，七者即求道之要。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之辨擇妙者眾而繇微而妙者鮮，求通者多以玄為通者希。", "textTrad": "王夫之辨擇妙者眾而繇微而妙者鮮，求通者多以玄為通者希。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之辨择妙者众而繇微而妙者鲜，求通者多以玄为通者希。" } ], "nameSimp": "古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识", "questionSimp": "「古之善为士者」何以言「微妙玄通」？「深不可识」所指为何？", "introSimp": "首句标举善为士者之德。河上公以得道之君为说，玄为天，志节玄妙、精与天通，道德深远不可识知，内视如盲、反听若聋；成玄英以古昔、善恶相对、修学释之，谓前章执古御今、此章御今引古，微妙是能修之智、玄通是所修之境，境智相会而不可心识；唐玄宗以士为事，谓善以道为事者玄鉴通照、德容深邃，御疏以精微要妙、玄寂通达、宇量深邃申之；严遵谓上通道德、下达神明、秉天地之常、挟阴阳之变，隐匿形容、绝灭端绪、作事由反；李荣谓道机微要妙、玄寂虚通，行与道合，不可以言言、不可以识识；陆希声谓德用微妙、道体玄通、深隐难知；吕惠卿谓微而后妙、妙而后玄、玄而后通，故深不可识；苏辙谓粗尽而微、微极而妙、妙极而玄，玄则无所不通；吴澄以旁达为通、微不显、玄难辨、渊深不可测；憨山谓圣人体道深玄、形神俱妙，世俗利欲熏心、天机浅露；魏源谓粗尽而微、微至而妙、妙极而玄，此章专示入道之要；王夫之辨择妙者众、繇微而妙者鲜，求通者多、以玄为通者希。王弼此二句无注。" }, { "id": "qiang-wei-zhi-rong", "name": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "nameTrad": "夫唯不可識，故強為之容", "question": "既不可識，何以又「強為之容」？所容者何？", "questionTrad": "既不可識，何以又「強為之容」？所容者何？", "intro": "次句承上「不可識」而轉出「強為之容」。河上公僅謂「謂下句也」，以七容即其所強為之容；成玄英謂容者形貌，聖智甚堪軌物，方欲引接群品，故於無形之理強為修學之容；唐玄宗謂德量難識，故強為容狀以明之，御疏申以正容悟物、宇泰發於天光，將以引化凡愚；李榮謂道既難思、行亦叵識，恐來人無因體道、學者不知立行，故略舉容相以勸勖；陸希聲謂深隱難知，是以強為之象，七容皆道德之形容；呂惠卿謂不可識則形容安得擬議，唯強為之容而已；吳澄謂其中深不可測，故強模擬其外之容以示人；憨山謂不可識最難形容，特強為之形容；魏源謂此章專示入道之要而強為之容；王夫之則以章甫不可適越為喻，謂無入越之心，則妙不在冠不冠，外在之容不足以定道。王弼、嚴遵、蘇轍此句無獨立注。", "introTrad": "次句承上「不可識」而轉出「強為之容」。河上公僅謂「謂下句也」，以七容即其所強為之容；成玄英謂容者形貌，聖智甚堪軌物，方欲引接群品，故於無形之理強為修學之容；唐玄宗謂德量難識，故強為容狀以明之，御疏申以正容悟物、宇泰發於天光，將以引化凡愚；李榮謂道既難思、行亦叵識，恐來人無因體道、學者不知立行，故略舉容相以勸勖；陸希聲謂深隱難知，是以強為之象，七容皆道德之形容；呂惠卿謂不可識則形容安得擬議，唯強為之容而已；吳澄謂其中深不可測，故強模擬其外之容以示人；憨山謂不可識最難形容，特強為之形容；魏源謂此章專示入道之要而強為之容；王夫之則以章甫不可適越為喻，謂無入越之心，則妙不在冠不冠，外在之容不足以定道。王弼、嚴遵、蘇轍此句無獨立注。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "「容」即下句七者之容，謂強為形容以示人。", "thesisTrad": "「容」即下句七者之容，謂強為形容以示人。", "noteIds": [ "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "「容」即下句七者之容，谓强为形容以示人。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "容者形貌；聖智堪軌物，欲引接群品，故於無形之理強為修學之容。", "thesisTrad": "容者形貌；聖智堪軌物，欲引接群品，故於無形之理強為修學之容。", "noteIds": [ "c013" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "容者形貌；圣智堪轨物，欲引接群品，故于无形之理强为修学之容。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "德量難識，故強為容狀以明之；御疏謂正容悟物、宇泰天光，將以引化凡愚。", "thesisTrad": "德量難識，故強為容狀以明之；御疏謂正容悟物、宇泰天光，將以引化凡愚。", "noteIds": [ "c019", "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "德量难识，故强为容状以明之；御疏谓正容悟物、宇泰天光，将以引化凡愚。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道既難思，行亦叵識；恐來人無因體道，故略舉容相以勸勖。", "thesisTrad": "道既難思，行亦叵識；恐來人無因體道，故略舉容相以勸勖。", "noteIds": [ "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道既难思，行亦叵识；恐来人无因体道，故略举容相以劝勖。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "深隱難知，是以強為之象；七容皆道德之形容。", "thesisTrad": "深隱難知，是以強為之象；七容皆道德之形容。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "深隐难知，是以强为之象；七容皆道德之形容。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "不可識則形容安得擬議，唯強為之容而已。", "thesisTrad": "不可識則形容安得擬議，唯強為之容而已。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "不可识则形容安得拟议，唯强为之容而已。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "其中深不可測，故強模擬其外之容以示人，下文七者是已。", "thesisTrad": "其中深不可測，故強模擬其外之容以示人，下文七者是已。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "其中深不可测，故强模拟其外之容以示人，下文七者是已。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "不可識最難形容，特強為之形容耳。", "thesisTrad": "不可識最難形容，特強為之形容耳。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "不可识最难形容，特强为之形容耳。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "此章專示入道之要，而強為之容。", "thesisTrad": "此章專示入道之要，而強為之容。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "此章专示入道之要，而强为之容。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "章甫不可適越；無入越之心，則妙不在冠不冠。", "thesisTrad": "章甫不可適越；無入越之心，則妙不在冠不冠。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "章甫不可适越；无入越之心，则妙不在冠不冠。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c002", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以「容」即下句七者之容。", "textTrad": "河上公以「容」即下句七者之容。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以「容」即下句七者之容。" }, { "noteId": "c013", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以聖智堪軌物、引接群品釋強為之容。", "textTrad": "成玄英以聖智堪軌物、引接群品釋強為之容。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以圣智堪轨物、引接群品释强为之容。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂德量難識，故強為容狀以明之。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂德量難識，故強為容狀以明之。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓德量难识，故强为容状以明之。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏謂正容悟物、宇泰天光，將以引化凡愚。", "textTrad": "御疏謂正容悟物、宇泰天光，將以引化凡愚。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏谓正容悟物、宇泰天光，将以引化凡愚。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂恐來人無因體道，故略舉容相以勸勖。", "textTrad": "李榮謂恐來人無因體道，故略舉容相以勸勖。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓恐来人无因体道，故略举容相以劝勖。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以深隱難知、強為之象為說。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以深隱難知、強為之象為說。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以深隐难知、强为之象为说。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂形容不可擬議，唯強為之容。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂形容不可擬議，唯強為之容。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓形容不可拟议，唯强为之容。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄謂深不可測，故強模擬其外容。", "textTrad": "吳澄謂深不可測，故強模擬其外容。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄谓深不可测，故强模拟其外容。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂不可識最難形容，特強為之形容。", "textTrad": "憨山謂不可識最難形容，特強為之形容。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓不可识最难形容，特强为之形容。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以此章專示入道之要，故強為之容。", "textTrad": "魏源以此章專示入道之要，故強為之容。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以此章专示入道之要，故强为之容。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以章甫適越為喻，明外在之容不足以定道。", "textTrad": "王夫之以章甫適越為喻，明外在之容不足以定道。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以章甫适越为喻，明外在之容不足以定道。" } ], "nameSimp": "夫唯不可识，故强为之容", "questionSimp": "既不可识，何以又「强为之容」？所容者何？", "introSimp": "次句承上「不可识」而转出「强为之容」。河上公仅谓「谓下句也」，以七容即其所强为之容；成玄英谓容者形貌，圣智甚堪轨物，方欲引接群品，故于无形之理强为修学之容；唐玄宗谓德量难识，故强为容状以明之，御疏申以正容悟物、宇泰发于天光，将以引化凡愚；李荣谓道既难思、行亦叵识，恐来人无因体道、学者不知立行，故略举容相以劝勖；陆希声谓深隐难知，是以强为之象，七容皆道德之形容；吕惠卿谓不可识则形容安得拟议，唯强为之容而已；吴澄谓其中深不可测，故强模拟其外之容以示人；憨山谓不可识最难形容，特强为之形容；魏源谓此章专示入道之要而强为之容；王夫之则以章甫不可适越为喻，谓无入越之心，则妙不在冠不冠，外在之容不足以定道。王弼、严遵、苏辙此句无独立注。" }, { "id": "qi-rong", "name": "豫兮若冬涉川……混兮其若濁", "nameTrad": "豫兮若冬涉川……混兮其若濁", "question": "七容各喻何德？何以皆以「若」言？", "questionTrad": "七容各喻何德？何以皆以「若」言？", "intro": "第三句以七容狀善為士者。河上公分釋：豫為舉事加重慎，猶為進退拘制，儼如客對主，渙為除情去欲、日以空虛，敦為質厚、樸為形未分，曠為寬大、谷為空虛，渾為守本真、濁為不昭然；王弼謂冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四鄰則端兆不可睹，凡此諸若皆容象不可得而形名；成玄英分判意、口、身三業清淨，渙如冰逢春，敦為去華歸實，曠為心靈虛白，混為與塵濁不異；唐玄宗以閑豫、疑難、無造作、春冰釋散、敦厚質樸、寬廣空谷、和光混跡釋七者，御疏更以川喻愛欲陷溺、冬冰堅壯無墜陷之憂申之；嚴遵取客與冰二象，謂客因應而不創、順道從天，冰常陰而靜、冬積春釋；李榮以履薄恐陷、驚鄰覺知、為客安然、春冰釋累、厚實不華、谷虛容物、和同懷玉為說；陸希聲以進止肅舒質器心七者分喻；呂惠卿以迫動、閑邪、不為主、心凝形釋、復初、應而不藏、無是非彼我為說；蘇轍以戒動、疑行、無不敬、不留、復性、虛受、和光同塵為說；吳澄以豫猶二獸之遲回、冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵、客隨不迎、冰釋融液、樸未成器、谷虛善應、渾美惡玄同為說；憨山以不敢遽進、不敢妄動、謙退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同塵為說；魏源分豫猶儼恪為入德，敦樸曠渾為成德，以濁為忘我之極；王夫之則謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "introTrad": "第三句以七容狀善為士者。河上公分釋：豫為舉事加重慎，猶為進退拘制，儼如客對主，渙為除情去欲、日以空虛，敦為質厚、樸為形未分，曠為寬大、谷為空虛，渾為守本真、濁為不昭然；王弼謂冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四鄰則端兆不可睹，凡此諸若皆容象不可得而形名；成玄英分判意、口、身三業清淨，渙如冰逢春，敦為去華歸實，曠為心靈虛白，混為與塵濁不異；唐玄宗以閑豫、疑難、無造作、春冰釋散、敦厚質樸、寬廣空谷、和光混跡釋七者，御疏更以川喻愛欲陷溺、冬冰堅壯無墜陷之憂申之；嚴遵取客與冰二象，謂客因應而不創、順道從天，冰常陰而靜、冬積春釋；李榮以履薄恐陷、驚鄰覺知、為客安然、春冰釋累、厚實不華、谷虛容物、和同懷玉為說；陸希聲以進止肅舒質器心七者分喻；呂惠卿以迫動、閑邪、不為主、心凝形釋、復初、應而不藏、無是非彼我為說；蘇轍以戒動、疑行、無不敬、不留、復性、虛受、和光同塵為說；吳澄以豫猶二獸之遲回、冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵、客隨不迎、冰釋融液、樸未成器、谷虛善應、渾美惡玄同為說；憨山以不敢遽進、不敢妄動、謙退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同塵為說；魏源分豫猶儼恪為入德，敦樸曠渾為成德，以濁為忘我之極；王夫之則謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "七容分釋：豫加重慎、猶拘制、儼如客、渙除情去欲、敦質厚、曠寬大、渾守本真。", "thesisTrad": "七容分釋：豫加重慎、猶拘制、儼如客、渙除情去欲、敦質厚、曠寬大、渾守本真。", "noteIds": [ "c003" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "七容分释：豫加重慎、犹拘制、俨如客、涣除情去欲、敦质厚、旷宽大、浑守本真。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四鄰則端兆不可睹；諸若皆容象不可得而形名。", "thesisTrad": "冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四鄰則端兆不可睹；諸若皆容象不可得而形名。", "noteIds": [ "c008" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四邻则端兆不可睹；诸若皆容象不可得而形名。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "豫猶明意業淨，畏鄰明口業淨，儼客明身業淨；渙如冰逢春，敦去華歸實，曠心靈虛白，混與塵濁不異。", "thesisTrad": "豫猶明意業淨，畏鄰明口業淨，儼客明身業淨；渙如冰逢春，敦去華歸實，曠心靈虛白，混與塵濁不異。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "豫犹明意业净，畏邻明口业净，俨客明身业净；涣如冰逢春，敦去华归实，旷心灵虚白，混与尘浊不异。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "豫閑豫、猶疑難、儼若客無造作、渙若春冰釋散、敦厚質樸、曠然寬廣、和光混跡若濁而清。", "thesisTrad": "豫閑豫、猶疑難、儼若客無造作、渙若春冰釋散、敦厚質樸、曠然寬廣、和光混跡若濁而清。", "noteIds": [ "c020", "c027" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "豫闲豫、犹疑难、俨若客无造作、涣若春冰释散、敦厚质朴、旷然宽广、和光混迹若浊而清。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "客因應而不創，順道從天，不為主人；冰常陰而靜，冬積春釋，天順時也。", "thesisTrad": "客因應而不創，順道從天，不為主人；冰常陰而靜，冬積春釋，天順時也。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "客因应而不创，顺道从天，不为主人；冰常阴而静，冬积春释，天顺时也。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "履薄恐陷、驚鄰覺知、為客安然、春冰釋累、厚實不華、谷虛容物、和同懷玉。", "thesisTrad": "履薄恐陷、驚鄰覺知、為客安然、春冰釋累、厚實不華、谷虛容物、和同懷玉。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "履薄恐陷、惊邻觉知、为客安然、春冰释累、厚实不华、谷虚容物、和同怀玉。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "進豫然若涉川無涯，止猶然若畏鄰有知，肅儼然若賓主在觀，舒渙然若春冰方泮，質敦若材尚樸，器曠若山有谷，心渾若水處濁。", "thesisTrad": "進豫然若涉川無涯，止猶然若畏鄰有知，肅儼然若賓主在觀，舒渙然若春冰方泮，質敦若材尚樸，器曠若山有谷，心渾若水處濁。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "进豫然若涉川无涯，止犹然若畏邻有知，肃俨然若宾主在观，舒涣然若春冰方泮，质敦若材尚朴，器旷若山有谷，心浑若水处浊。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "豫迫而後動，猶閑邪存誠，儼不為主，渙心凝形釋，敦復其初，曠應而不藏，渾無是非彼我。", "thesisTrad": "豫迫而後動，猶閑邪存誠，儼不為主，渙心凝形釋，敦復其初，曠應而不藏，渾無是非彼我。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "豫迫而后动，犹闲邪存诚，俨不为主，涣心凝形释，敦复其初，旷应而不藏，浑无是非彼我。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "戒而後動曰豫，疑而不行曰猶，無所不敬，不留於物，人偽盡而復性，虛而無不受，和光同塵。", "thesisTrad": "戒而後動曰豫，疑而不行曰猶，無所不敬，不留於物，人偽盡而復性，虛而無不受，和光同塵。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "戒而后动曰豫，疑而不行曰犹，无所不敬，不留于物，人伪尽而复性，虚而无不受，和光同尘。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "豫猶皆獸名，遲回不進；冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵，不敢為天下先；儼客隨而不迎，渙融液不滯，敦樸未成器，曠谷虛善應，渾美惡玄同。", "thesisTrad": "豫猶皆獸名，遲回不進；冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵，不敢為天下先；儼客隨而不迎，渙融液不滯，敦樸未成器，曠谷虛善應，渾美惡玄同。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "豫犹皆兽名，迟回不进；冬涉怯寒、畏邻惧敌，不敢为天下先；俨客随而不迎，涣融液不滞，敦朴未成器，旷谷虚善应，浑美恶玄同。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "豫不敢遽進，猶不敢妄動，儼謙退，渙氣融和，敦無文飾，曠空虛寂定，渾和光同塵。", "thesisTrad": "豫不敢遽進，猶不敢妄動，儼謙退，渙氣融和，敦無文飾，曠空虛寂定，渾和光同塵。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "豫不敢遽进，犹不敢妄动，俨谦退，涣气融和，敦无文饰，旷空虚寂定，浑和光同尘。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "豫猶儼三者不敢為天下先；渙然冰釋，反本完真；敦樸曠渾為成德，濁為忘我之極。", "thesisTrad": "豫猶儼三者不敢為天下先；渙然冰釋，反本完真；敦樸曠渾為成德，濁為忘我之極。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "豫犹俨三者不敢为天下先；涣然冰释，反本完真；敦朴旷浑为成德，浊为忘我之极。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "坐以消之，則冰可燠，濁可清；徐俟之，則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "thesisTrad": "坐以消之，則冰可燠，濁可清；徐俟之，則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "坐以消之，则冰可燠，浊可清；徐俟之，则黄河可澄、马角可生。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公分釋七容，歸於加重慎、拘制、無造作、除情去欲、質厚、寬大、守本真。", "textTrad": "河上公分釋七容，歸於加重慎、拘制、無造作、除情去欲、質厚、寬大、守本真。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公分释七容，归于加重慎、拘制、无造作、除情去欲、质厚、宽大、守本真。" }, { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂七者皆容象不可得而形名。", "textTrad": "王弼謂七者皆容象不可得而形名。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓七者皆容象不可得而形名。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以三業清淨、去華歸實、心靈虛白、與濁不異分釋。", "textTrad": "成玄英以三業清淨、去華歸實、心靈虛白、與濁不異分釋。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以三业清净、去华归实、心灵虚白、与浊不异分释。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以閑豫、疑難、無造作、冰釋、敦樸、寬谷、和光釋七容。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以閑豫、疑難、無造作、冰釋、敦樸、寬谷、和光釋七容。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以闲豫、疑难、无造作、冰释、敦朴、宽谷、和光释七容。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以川喻愛欲陷溺、冬冰堅壯無墜陷之憂申之。", "textTrad": "御疏以川喻愛欲陷溺、冬冰堅壯無墜陷之憂申之。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以川喻爱欲陷溺、冬冰坚壮无坠陷之忧申之。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵取客與冰二象，明因應不創、順時而釋。", "textTrad": "嚴遵取客與冰二象，明因應不創、順時而釋。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵取客与冰二象，明因应不创、顺时而释。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以履薄、驚鄰、安然、冰釋、厚實、虛谷、和同為說。", "textTrad": "李榮以履薄、驚鄰、安然、冰釋、厚實、虛谷、和同為說。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以履薄、惊邻、安然、冰释、厚实、虚谷、和同为说。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以進止肅舒質器心七者分喻。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以進止肅舒質器心七者分喻。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以进止肃舒质器心七者分喻。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以迫動、閑邪、不為主、心凝形釋、復初、不藏、無彼我為說。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以迫動、閑邪、不為主、心凝形釋、復初、不藏、無彼我為說。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以迫动、闲邪、不为主、心凝形释、复初、不藏、无彼我为说。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以戒動、疑行、無不敬、不留、復性、虛受、和光同塵為說。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以戒動、疑行、無不敬、不留、復性、虛受、和光同塵為說。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以戒动、疑行、无不敬、不留、复性、虚受、和光同尘为说。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以豫猶二獸之遲回、冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵、客隨不迎、冰釋融液、樸未成器、谷虛善應、渾美惡玄同為說。", "textTrad": "吳澄以豫猶二獸之遲回、冬涉怯寒、畏鄰懼敵、客隨不迎、冰釋融液、樸未成器、谷虛善應、渾美惡玄同為說。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以豫犹二兽之迟回、冬涉怯寒、畏邻惧敌、客随不迎、冰释融液、朴未成器、谷虚善应、浑美恶玄同为说。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以不敢遽進、不敢妄動、謙退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同塵為說。", "textTrad": "憨山以不敢遽進、不敢妄動、謙退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同塵為說。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以不敢遽进、不敢妄动、谦退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同尘为说。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源分豫猶儼恪為入德、敦樸曠渾為成德，以濁為忘我之極。", "textTrad": "魏源分豫猶儼恪為入德、敦樸曠渾為成德，以濁為忘我之極。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源分豫犹俨恪为入德、敦朴旷浑为成德，以浊为忘我之极。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓坐以消之则冰可燠、浊可清，徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生。" } ], "nameSimp": "豫兮若冬涉川……混兮其若浊", "questionSimp": "七容各喻何德？何以皆以「若」言？", "introSimp": "第三句以七容状善为士者。河上公分释：豫为举事加重慎，犹为进退拘制，俨如客对主，涣为除情去欲、日以空虚，敦为质厚、朴为形未分，旷为宽大、谷为空虚，浑为守本真、浊为不昭然；王弼谓冬涉川豫然若欲度若不欲度，畏四邻则端兆不可睹，凡此诸若皆容象不可得而形名；成玄英分判意、口、身三业清净，涣如冰逢春，敦为去华归实，旷为心灵虚白，混为与尘浊不异；唐玄宗以闲豫、疑难、无造作、春冰释散、敦厚质朴、宽广空谷、和光混迹释七者，御疏更以川喻爱欲陷溺、冬冰坚壮无坠陷之忧申之；严遵取客与冰二象，谓客因应而不创、顺道从天，冰常阴而静、冬积春释；李荣以履薄恐陷、惊邻觉知、为客安然、春冰释累、厚实不华、谷虚容物、和同怀玉为说；陆希声以进止肃舒质器心七者分喻；吕惠卿以迫动、闲邪、不为主、心凝形释、复初、应而不藏、无是非彼我为说；苏辙以戒动、疑行、无不敬、不留、复性、虚受、和光同尘为说；吴澄以豫犹二兽之迟回、冬涉怯寒、畏邻惧敌、客随不迎、冰释融液、朴未成器、谷虚善应、浑美恶玄同为说；憨山以不敢遽进、不敢妄动、谦退、融和、敦厚、空寂、和光同尘为说；魏源分豫犹俨恪为入德，敦朴旷浑为成德，以浊为忘我之极；王夫之则谓坐以消之则冰可燠、浊可清，徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生。" }, { "id": "xu-qing-xu-sheng", "name": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生？", "nameTrad": "孰能濁以靜之徐清？孰能安以久動之徐生？", "question": "「濁以靜之徐清」與「安以久動之徐生」是何工夫？何以皆言「徐」？", "questionTrad": "「濁以靜之徐清」與「安以久動之徐生」是何工夫？何以皆言「徐」？", "intro": "第四、五句以設問明動靜相生之功。河上公謂如水之濁，止而靜之則徐徐自清；安靜以久，則徐徐長生。王弼謂晦以理物則明、濁以靜物則清、安以動物則生，此自然之道，徐者詳慎，言其難也。成玄英謂處有欲之中而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂；即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。唐玄宗謂濁以靜澄令徐自清；安靜於清以久，更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯於法而徐動出，御疏以水之澄清為況，教於法無滯。李榮謂息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清，行之者少，故曰誰能。陸希聲謂從世俗混濁而澄靜之使徐清，即世俗宴安而發動之使教徐生。呂惠卿謂徐清則無所不照，徐生則無所不出；欲靜平炁、欲神順心，皆有為而當緣不得已。蘇轍以物汨性則濁不復清、以定滅性則安不復生為二病，靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。吳澄謂濁者動時，動繼以靜則徐清；安者靜時，靜繼以動則徐生；惟濁故清、惟靜故動。憨山謂心水汨昏，以靜定治之則清，如澄濁水沙土自沈；人皆競進，安定自守、久久待時而後生。魏源承濁問孰能濁以止，動久而靜恐察察為清；承靜問孰能安以久，靜繼以動恐紛紛生起。王夫之謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。嚴遵此二句無輯文。", "introTrad": "第四、五句以設問明動靜相生之功。河上公謂如水之濁，止而靜之則徐徐自清；安靜以久，則徐徐長生。王弼謂晦以理物則明、濁以靜物則清、安以動物則生，此自然之道，徐者詳慎，言其難也。成玄英謂處有欲之中而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂；即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。唐玄宗謂濁以靜澄令徐自清；安靜於清以久，更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯於法而徐動出，御疏以水之澄清為況，教於法無滯。李榮謂息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清，行之者少，故曰誰能。陸希聲謂從世俗混濁而澄靜之使徐清，即世俗宴安而發動之使教徐生。呂惠卿謂徐清則無所不照，徐生則無所不出；欲靜平炁、欲神順心，皆有為而當緣不得已。蘇轍以物汨性則濁不復清、以定滅性則安不復生為二病，靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。吳澄謂濁者動時，動繼以靜則徐清；安者靜時，靜繼以動則徐生；惟濁故清、惟靜故動。憨山謂心水汨昏，以靜定治之則清，如澄濁水沙土自沈；人皆競進，安定自守、久久待時而後生。魏源承濁問孰能濁以止，動久而靜恐察察為清；承靜問孰能安以久，靜繼以動恐紛紛生起。王夫之謂坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。嚴遵此二句無輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "如水之濁，止而靜之則徐清；安靜以久，則徐徐長生。", "thesisTrad": "如水之濁，止而靜之則徐清；安靜以久，則徐徐長生。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "如水之浊，止而静之则徐清；安静以久，则徐徐长生。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "晦以理物則明，濁以靜物則清，安以動物則生；徐者詳慎，言其難也。", "thesisTrad": "晦以理物則明，濁以靜物則清，安以動物則生；徐者詳慎，言其難也。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "晦以理物则明，浊以静物则清，安以动物则生；徐者详慎，言其难也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "處有欲而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂；即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。", "thesisTrad": "處有欲而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂；即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。", "noteIds": [ "c015", "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "处有欲而在染不染，心恒安静，明动而寂；即静而动，生化群品，明寂而动。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "濁以靜澄令徐自清；安靜於清以久更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯於法而徐動出。御疏以水之澄清為況，教於法無滯。", "thesisTrad": "濁以靜澄令徐自清；安靜於清以久更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯於法而徐動出。御疏以水之澄清為況，教於法無滯。", "noteIds": [ "c021", "c022", "c028", "c029" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "浊以静澄令徐自清；安静于清以久更求胜法，令清静之性不滞于法而徐动出。御疏以水之澄清为况，教于法无滞。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清；行之者少，故曰誰能。", "thesisTrad": "息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清；行之者少，故曰誰能。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "息动于心而神自静，莫挠于水而浊自清；行之者少，故曰谁能。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "從世俗混濁而澄靜之使徐清，即世俗宴安而發動之使教徐生。", "thesisTrad": "從世俗混濁而澄靜之使徐清，即世俗宴安而發動之使教徐生。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "从世俗混浊而澄静之使徐清，即世俗宴安而发动之使教徐生。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "徐清則無所不照，徐生則無所不出；欲靜平炁、欲神順心，皆有為而當緣不得已。", "thesisTrad": "徐清則無所不照，徐生則無所不出；欲靜平炁、欲神順心，皆有為而當緣不得已。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "徐清则无所不照，徐生则无所不出；欲静平炁、欲神顺心，皆有为而当缘不得已。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "以物汨性則濁不復清，以定滅性則安不復生；靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。", "thesisTrad": "以物汨性則濁不復清，以定滅性則安不復生；靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "以物汨性则浊不复清，以定灭性则安不复生；静之动之而徐自清、徐自生。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "濁者動時，動繼以靜則徐清；安者靜時，靜繼以動則徐生；惟濁故清、惟靜故動。", "thesisTrad": "濁者動時，動繼以靜則徐清；安者靜時，靜繼以動則徐生；惟濁故清、惟靜故動。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "浊者动时，动继以静则徐清；安者静时，静继以动则徐生；惟浊故清、惟静故动。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "心水汨昏，以靜定治之則清，如澄濁水沙土自沈；人皆競進，安定自守、久久待時而後生。", "thesisTrad": "心水汨昏，以靜定治之則清，如澄濁水沙土自沈；人皆競進，安定自守、久久待時而後生。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "心水汨昏，以静定治之则清，如澄浊水沙土自沈；人皆竞进，安定自守、久久待时而后生。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "承濁問孰能濁以止，動久而靜恐察察為清；承靜問孰能安以久，靜繼以動恐紛紛生起。", "thesisTrad": "承濁問孰能濁以止，動久而靜恐察察為清；承靜問孰能安以久，靜繼以動恐紛紛生起。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "承浊问孰能浊以止，动久而静恐察察为清；承静问孰能安以久，静继以动恐纷纷生起。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "thesisTrad": "坐以消之則冰可燠、濁可清，徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "坐以消之则冰可燠、浊可清，徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c004", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂如水之濁，止而靜之則徐徐自清。", "textTrad": "河上公謂如水之濁，止而靜之則徐徐自清。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓如水之浊，止而静之则徐徐自清。" }, { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂安靜以久，則徐徐以長生。", "textTrad": "河上公謂安靜以久，則徐徐以長生。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓安静以久，则徐徐以长生。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以晦理則明、濁靜則清、安動則生為自然之道，徐者詳慎。", "textTrad": "王弼以晦理則明、濁靜則清、安動則生為自然之道，徐者詳慎。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以晦理则明、浊静则清、安动则生为自然之道，徐者详慎。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂處有欲而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂處有欲而在染不染，心恆安靜，明動而寂。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓处有欲而在染不染，心恒安静，明动而寂。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂即靜而動，生化群品，明寂而動。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓即静而动，生化群品，明寂而动。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂濁以靜澄止之，令徐自清。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂濁以靜澄止之，令徐自清。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓浊以静澄止之，令徐自清。" }, { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂安靜於清以久更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯而徐動出。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂安靜於清以久更求勝法，令清靜之性不滯而徐動出。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓安静于清以久更求胜法，令清静之性不滞而徐动出。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以水之澄清為況，明以清靜道性靜止愛欲。", "textTrad": "御疏以水之澄清為況，明以清靜道性靜止愛欲。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以水之澄清为况，明以清静道性静止爱欲。" }, { "noteId": "c029", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏教於法無滯，已得徐清不可安於此清而久滯。", "textTrad": "御疏教於法無滯，已得徐清不可安於此清而久滯。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏教于法无滞，已得徐清不可安于此清而久滞。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清，行之者少。", "textTrad": "李榮謂息動於心而神自靜，莫撓於水而濁自清，行之者少。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓息动于心而神自静，莫挠于水而浊自清，行之者少。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂澄靜世俗之混濁使徐清，發動世俗之宴安使徐生。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂澄靜世俗之混濁使徐清，發動世俗之宴安使徐生。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓澄静世俗之混浊使徐清，发动世俗之宴安使徐生。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂徐清無所不照、徐生無所不出，皆緣不得已。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂徐清無所不照、徐生無所不出，皆緣不得已。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓徐清无所不照、徐生无所不出，皆缘不得已。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以物汨性、定滅性為二病，靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以物汨性、定滅性為二病，靜之動之而徐自清、徐自生。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以物汨性、定灭性为二病，静之动之而徐自清、徐自生。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄謂濁者動時、安者靜時，動靜相繼而徐清徐生。", "textTrad": "吳澄謂濁者動時、安者靜時，動靜相繼而徐清徐生。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄谓浊者动时、安者静时，动静相继而徐清徐生。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以澄濁水沙土自沈喻徐清，以安定待時喻徐生。", "textTrad": "憨山以澄濁水沙土自沈喻徐清，以安定待時喻徐生。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以澄浊水沙土自沈喻徐清，以安定待时喻徐生。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源承濁靜二問，恐察察為清、紛紛生起。", "textTrad": "魏源承濁靜二問，恐察察為清、紛紛生起。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源承浊静二问，恐察察为清、纷纷生起。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂徐俟之則黃河可澄、馬角可生。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生。" } ], "nameSimp": "孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生？", "questionSimp": "「浊以静之徐清」与「安以久动之徐生」是何工夫？何以皆言「徐」？", "introSimp": "第四、五句以设问明动静相生之功。河上公谓如水之浊，止而静之则徐徐自清；安静以久，则徐徐长生。王弼谓晦以理物则明、浊以静物则清、安以动物则生，此自然之道，徐者详慎，言其难也。成玄英谓处有欲之中而在染不染，心恒安静，明动而寂；即静而动，生化群品，明寂而动。唐玄宗谓浊以静澄令徐自清；安静于清以久，更求胜法，令清静之性不滞于法而徐动出，御疏以水之澄清为况，教于法无滞。李荣谓息动于心而神自静，莫挠于水而浊自清，行之者少，故曰谁能。陆希声谓从世俗混浊而澄静之使徐清，即世俗宴安而发动之使教徐生。吕惠卿谓徐清则无所不照，徐生则无所不出；欲静平炁、欲神顺心，皆有为而当缘不得已。苏辙以物汨性则浊不复清、以定灭性则安不复生为二病，静之动之而徐自清、徐自生。吴澄谓浊者动时，动继以静则徐清；安者静时，静继以动则徐生；惟浊故清、惟静故动。憨山谓心水汨昏，以静定治之则清，如澄浊水沙土自沈；人皆竞进，安定自守、久久待时而后生。魏源承浊问孰能浊以止，动久而静恐察察为清；承静问孰能安以久，静继以动恐纷纷生起。王夫之谓坐以消之则冰可燠、浊可清，徐俟之则黄河可澄、马角可生。严遵此二句无辑文。" }, { "id": "bao-dao-bu-yu-ying", "name": "保此道者不欲盈", "nameTrad": "保此道者不欲盈", "question": "「保此道」何以必「不欲盈」？「盈」所指者何？", "questionTrad": "「保此道」何以必「不欲盈」？「盈」所指者何？", "intro": "第六句言保道之要。河上公謂保此長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。王弼直謂盈必溢也。唐玄宗謂欲保徐清徐生之道，當無所執滯；若執清求生，是謂盈滿，將失此道，御疏以滯法安清為盈滿、得無所得申之。李榮謂上來廣陳道行以勸學人，能守之自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。陸希聲謂唯深識玄妙消息盈虛者，可保持此道合天，德不盈則道不傾。呂惠卿謂道體沖，沖者陰陽之和而盈虛之守；不曰虛而每曰不盈，恐人之累於虛。蘇轍謂盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。吳澄謂成謂完備，敝則缺、新則成；敝缺者不盈，新成者盈，保守此道不欲其盈。憨山謂天道忌盈，滿則溢，持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。魏源謂不能保者皆由易盈，惟不以善自盈，則能安其敝而不求新成。王夫之謂天下已如斯，競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。成玄英此條《玄德纂疏》錯簡，嚴遵無輯文，故二家不列。", "introTrad": "第六句言保道之要。河上公謂保此長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。王弼直謂盈必溢也。唐玄宗謂欲保徐清徐生之道，當無所執滯；若執清求生，是謂盈滿，將失此道，御疏以滯法安清為盈滿、得無所得申之。李榮謂上來廣陳道行以勸學人，能守之自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。陸希聲謂唯深識玄妙消息盈虛者，可保持此道合天，德不盈則道不傾。呂惠卿謂道體沖，沖者陰陽之和而盈虛之守；不曰虛而每曰不盈，恐人之累於虛。蘇轍謂盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。吳澄謂成謂完備，敝則缺、新則成；敝缺者不盈，新成者盈，保守此道不欲其盈。憨山謂天道忌盈，滿則溢，持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。魏源謂不能保者皆由易盈，惟不以善自盈，則能安其敝而不求新成。王夫之謂天下已如斯，競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。成玄英此條《玄德纂疏》錯簡，嚴遵無輯文，故二家不列。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "保此長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "thesisTrad": "保此長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "noteIds": [ "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "保此长生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "盈必溢也。", "thesisTrad": "盈必溢也。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "盈必溢也。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "欲保徐清徐生之道，當無所執滯；執清求生是盈滿，將失此道。御疏以滯法安清為盈滿，得無所得。", "thesisTrad": "欲保徐清徐生之道，當無所執滯；執清求生是盈滿，將失此道。御疏以滯法安清為盈滿，得無所得。", "noteIds": [ "c023", "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "欲保徐清徐生之道，当无所执滞；执清求生是盈满，将失此道。御疏以滞法安清为盈满，得无所得。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "廣陳道行以勸學人，能守之自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。", "thesisTrad": "廣陳道行以勸學人，能守之自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。", "noteIds": [ "c038" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "广陈道行以劝学人，能守之自得清净，义存谦退，不事满盈。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "唯深識玄妙消息盈虛者，可保持此道合天；德不盈則道不傾。", "thesisTrad": "唯深識玄妙消息盈虛者，可保持此道合天；德不盈則道不傾。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "唯深识玄妙消息盈虚者，可保持此道合天；德不盈则道不倾。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道體沖，沖者陰陽之和而盈虛之守；不曰虛而曰不盈，恐人累於虛。", "thesisTrad": "道體沖，沖者陰陽之和而盈虛之守；不曰虛而曰不盈，恐人累於虛。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道体冲，冲者阴阳之和而盈虚之守；不曰虚而曰不盈，恐人累于虚。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。", "thesisTrad": "盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "盈生于极，浊不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "成謂完備，敝則缺、新則成；敝缺不盈，新成則盈，保守此道不欲其盈。", "thesisTrad": "成謂完備，敝則缺、新則成；敝缺不盈，新成則盈，保守此道不欲其盈。", "noteIds": [ "c050" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "成谓完备，敝则缺、新则成；敝缺不盈，新成则盈，保守此道不欲其盈。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天道忌盈，滿則溢；持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。", "thesisTrad": "天道忌盈，滿則溢；持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天道忌盈，满则溢；持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "不能保者皆由易盈；惟不以善自盈，則能安其敝而不求新成。", "thesisTrad": "不能保者皆由易盈；惟不以善自盈，則能安其敝而不求新成。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "不能保者皆由易盈；惟不以善自盈，则能安其敝而不求新成。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "天下已如斯，競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "thesisTrad": "天下已如斯，競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "天下已如斯，竞名者以折锐为功，弃故喜新而不能成。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂保長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "textTrad": "河上公謂保長生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓保长生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼直謂盈必溢也。", "textTrad": "王弼直謂盈必溢也。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼直谓盈必溢也。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂執清求生是盈滿，將失此道。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂執清求生是盈滿，將失此道。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓执清求生是盈满，将失此道。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以滯法安清為盈滿，當得無所得。", "textTrad": "御疏以滯法安清為盈滿，當得無所得。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以滞法安清为盈满，当得无所得。" }, { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂守道自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。", "textTrad": "李榮謂守道自得清淨，義存謙退，不事滿盈。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓守道自得清净，义存谦退，不事满盈。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂深識消息盈虛者方可保道，德不盈則道不傾。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂深識消息盈虛者方可保道，德不盈則道不傾。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓深识消息盈虚者方可保道，德不盈则道不倾。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂不曰虛而曰不盈，恐人累於虛。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂不曰虛而曰不盈，恐人累於虛。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓不曰虚而曰不盈，恐人累于虚。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂盈生於極，濁不能清、安不能生。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓盈生于极，浊不能清、安不能生。" }, { "noteId": "c050", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以敝缺為不盈、新成為盈，保守此道不欲其盈。", "textTrad": "吳澄以敝缺為不盈、新成為盈，保守此道不欲其盈。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以敝缺为不盈、新成为盈，保守此道不欲其盈。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂天道忌盈，滿則溢，故教之以不欲盈。", "textTrad": "憨山謂天道忌盈，滿則溢，故教之以不欲盈。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓天道忌盈，满则溢，故教之以不欲盈。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂不能保者皆由易盈，不以善自盈則能安其敝。", "textTrad": "魏源謂不能保者皆由易盈，不以善自盈則能安其敝。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓不能保者皆由易盈，不以善自盈则能安其敝。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之譏競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "textTrad": "王夫之譏競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之讥竞名者以折锐为功，弃故喜新而不能成。" } ], "nameSimp": "保此道者不欲盈", "questionSimp": "「保此道」何以必「不欲盈」？「盈」所指者何？", "introSimp": "第六句言保道之要。河上公谓保此长生之道，不欲奢泰盈溢。王弼直谓盈必溢也。唐玄宗谓欲保徐清徐生之道，当无所执滞；若执清求生，是谓盈满，将失此道，御疏以滞法安清为盈满、得无所得申之。李荣谓上来广陈道行以劝学人，能守之自得清净，义存谦退，不事满盈。陆希声谓唯深识玄妙消息盈虚者，可保持此道合天，德不盈则道不倾。吕惠卿谓道体冲，冲者阴阳之和而盈虚之守；不曰虚而每曰不盈，恐人之累于虚。苏辙谓盈生于极，浊不能清、安不能生，所以盈也。吴澄谓成谓完备，敝则缺、新则成；敝缺者不盈，新成者盈，保守此道不欲其盈。憨山谓天道忌盈，满则溢，持而盈之不如其已，故教之以不欲盈。魏源谓不能保者皆由易盈，惟不以善自盈，则能安其敝而不求新成。王夫之谓天下已如斯，竞名者以折锐为功，弃故喜新而不能成。成玄英此条《玄德纂疏》错简，严遵无辑文，故二家不列。" }, { "id": "bu-ying-bi-xin", "name": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "nameTrad": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "question": "「不盈」何以能「蔽不新成」？「蔽」當訓敝舊還是覆蓋？", "questionTrad": "「不盈」何以能「蔽不新成」？「蔽」當訓敝舊還是覆蓋？", "intro": "末句以不盈總結全章。河上公謂唯不盈滿之人能守弊不為新成，守弊者匿光榮，新成者貴功名。王弼訓蔽為覆蓋，文極簡。成玄英謂聖人於有為敝濁之內，復能慈救蒼生，成大功德，此重結成。唐玄宗謂以新證之行為弊薄，不以其新成而滯著，御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住申之。李榮謂立身不至滿盈，雖老還少、在弊更新；學道虛心遺聲色，復成真道。陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新而後化成。呂惠卿謂有新有敝、有敝有壞，唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不壞不新不成。蘇轍謂物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。吳澄謂七容皆敝缺而不新成。憨山謂天道忌盈，故能敝不新成，物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。魏源謂不以善自盈則安其敝不求新成，引「大成若缺」「大盈若沖」為證。王夫之譏競名者以折銳為功、棄故喜新而不能成。嚴遵無輯文。", "introTrad": "末句以不盈總結全章。河上公謂唯不盈滿之人能守弊不為新成，守弊者匿光榮，新成者貴功名。王弼訓蔽為覆蓋，文極簡。成玄英謂聖人於有為敝濁之內，復能慈救蒼生，成大功德，此重結成。唐玄宗謂以新證之行為弊薄，不以其新成而滯著，御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住申之。李榮謂立身不至滿盈，雖老還少、在弊更新；學道虛心遺聲色，復成真道。陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新而後化成。呂惠卿謂有新有敝、有敝有壞，唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不壞不新不成。蘇轍謂物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。吳澄謂七容皆敝缺而不新成。憨山謂天道忌盈，故能敝不新成，物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。魏源謂不以善自盈則安其敝不求新成，引「大成若缺」「大盈若沖」為證。王夫之譏競名者以折銳為功、棄故喜新而不能成。嚴遵無輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "唯不盈滿之人能守弊不為新成；守弊匿光榮，新成貴功名。", "thesisTrad": "唯不盈滿之人能守弊不為新成；守弊匿光榮，新成貴功名。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "唯不盈满之人能守弊不为新成；守弊匿光荣，新成贵功名。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "蔽，覆蓋也。", "thesisTrad": "蔽，覆蓋也。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "蔽，覆盖也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "聖人於有為敝濁之內，復能慈救蒼生，成大功德，此重結成。", "thesisTrad": "聖人於有為敝濁之內，復能慈救蒼生，成大功德，此重結成。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "圣人于有为敝浊之内，复能慈救苍生，成大功德，此重结成。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "以新證之行為弊薄，不以其新成而滯著；御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住申之。", "thesisTrad": "以新證之行為弊薄，不以其新成而滯著；御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住申之。", "noteIds": [ "c024", "c031" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "以新证之行为弊薄，不以其新成而滞着；御疏以无所凝滞、于法无住申之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "立身不至滿盈，雖老還少、在弊更新；學道虛心遺聲色，復成真道。", "thesisTrad": "立身不至滿盈，雖老還少、在弊更新；學道虛心遺聲色，復成真道。", "noteIds": [ "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "立身不至满盈，虽老还少、在弊更新；学道虚心遗声色，复成真道。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新而後化成。", "thesisTrad": "德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新而後化成。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "德不盈、道不倾，因弊致治，不必取新而后化成。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "有新有敝、有敝有壞；唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不壞不新不成。", "thesisTrad": "有新有敝、有敝有壞；唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不壞不新不成。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "有新有敝、有敝有坏；唯不盈则新敝成坏无所容心，虽敝不敝、不坏不新不成。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "物未有不弊；唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。", "thesisTrad": "物未有不弊；唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "物未有不弊；唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "thesisTrad": "七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "noteIds": [ "c050" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "七容皆敝缺而不新成。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天道忌盈，故能敝不新成；物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。", "thesisTrad": "天道忌盈，故能敝不新成；物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天道忌盈，故能敝不新成；物旧者谓之敝，旧者最持久。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "不以善自盈則安其敝不求新成，引大成若缺、大盈若沖為證。", "thesisTrad": "不以善自盈則安其敝不求新成，引大成若缺、大盈若沖為證。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "不以善自盈则安其敝不求新成，引大成若缺、大盈若冲为证。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "thesisTrad": "競名者以折銳為功，棄故喜新而不能成。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "竞名者以折锐为功，弃故喜新而不能成。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂不盈滿者能守弊不為新成，守弊匿光榮、新成貴功名。", "textTrad": "河上公謂不盈滿者能守弊不為新成，守弊匿光榮、新成貴功名。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓不盈满者能守弊不为新成，守弊匿光荣、新成贵功名。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼訓蔽為覆蓋。", "textTrad": "王弼訓蔽為覆蓋。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼训蔽为覆盖。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以聖人於敝濁中慈救蒼生、成大功德為重結。", "textTrad": "成玄英以聖人於敝濁中慈救蒼生、成大功德為重結。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以圣人于敝浊中慈救苍生、成大功德为重结。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以新證之行為弊薄，不以新成滯著。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以新證之行為弊薄，不以新成滯著。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以新证之行为弊薄，不以新成滞着。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住、更求勝致申之。", "textTrad": "御疏以無所凝滯、於法無住、更求勝致申之。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以无所凝滞、于法无住、更求胜致申之。" }, { "noteId": "c039", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂立身不至滿盈，在弊更新，復成真道。", "textTrad": "李榮謂立身不至滿盈，在弊更新，復成真道。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓立身不至满盈，在弊更新，复成真道。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新化成。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，不必取新化成。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓德不盈、道不倾，因弊致治，不必取新化成。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不新不成。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂唯不盈則新敝成壞無所容心，雖敝不敝、不新不成。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓唯不盈则新敝成坏无所容心，虽敝不敝、不新不成。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。" }, { "noteId": "c050", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄謂章內七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "textTrad": "吳澄謂章內七容皆敝缺而不新成。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄谓章内七容皆敝缺而不新成。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。", "textTrad": "憨山謂物舊者謂之敝，舊者最持久。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓物旧者谓之敝，旧者最持久。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源引大成若缺、大盈若沖，明安其敝不求新成。", "textTrad": "魏源引大成若缺、大盈若沖，明安其敝不求新成。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源引大成若缺、大盈若冲，明安其敝不求新成。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之譏棄故喜新者以折銳為功而不能成。", "textTrad": "王夫之譏棄故喜新者以折銳為功而不能成。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之讥弃故喜新者以折锐为功而不能成。" } ], "nameSimp": "夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成", "questionSimp": "「不盈」何以能「蔽不新成」？「蔽」当训敝旧还是覆盖？", "introSimp": "末句以不盈总结全章。河上公谓唯不盈满之人能守弊不为新成，守弊者匿光荣，新成者贵功名。王弼训蔽为覆盖，文极简。成玄英谓圣人于有为敝浊之内，复能慈救苍生，成大功德，此重结成。唐玄宗谓以新证之行为弊薄，不以其新成而滞着，御疏以无所凝滞、于法无住申之。李荣谓立身不至满盈，虽老还少、在弊更新；学道虚心遗声色，复成真道。陆希声谓德不盈、道不倾，因弊致治，不必取新而后化成。吕惠卿谓有新有敝、有敝有坏，唯不盈则新敝成坏无所容心，虽敝不敝、不坏不新不成。苏辙谓物未有不弊，唯不盈故其弊不待新成而自去。吴澄谓七容皆敝缺而不新成。憨山谓天道忌盈，故能敝不新成，物旧者谓之敝，旧者最持久。魏源谓不以善自盈则安其敝不求新成，引「大成若缺」「大盈若冲」为证。王夫之讥竞名者以折锐为功、弃故喜新而不能成。严遵无辑文。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.862Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-15", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "daojing", "order": 1, "title": "道經", "titleSimp": "道经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-15", "slug": "15", "order": 15, "title": "第十五章", "titleSimp": "第十五章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識」起筆，次言唯不可識故強為之容，以豫、猶、儼、渙、敦、曠、混七容狀之，末以「孰能濁以靜之徐清」「孰能安以久動之徐生」「保此道者不欲盈」「夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章二條輯文存於《玄德纂疏》，王弼自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，成玄英「保此道者」一條底本錯簡，故其說僅存六條，陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识」起笔，次言唯不可识故强为之容，以豫、犹、俨、涣、敦、旷、混七容状之，末以「孰能浊以静之徐清」「孰能安以久动之徐生」「保此道者不欲盈」「夫唯不盈，故能蔽不新成」收束；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章二条辑文存于《玄德纂疏》，王弼自「豫兮若冬涉川」始有注，成玄英「保此道者」一条底本错简，故其说仅存六条，陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通释，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-15.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-15.json", "url": "/laozi/15/", "orderLabel": "第十五", "volumeId": 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