{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-16", "no": 16, "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经", "title": "第十六章", "titleSimp": "第十六章", "intro": "《老子》第十六章，河上公題「歸根」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「致虛極章」。全章七句：首句標舉致虛守靜之功；次句言萬物並作而觀其復；第三句言物芸芸而各歸其根；第四句明歸根曰靜、是謂復命；第五、六句言復命曰常、知常曰明，不知常則妄作而凶；末句以知常容、容乃公、公乃王、王乃天、天乃道、道乃久、沒身不殆層層推衍作結。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「萬物並作」下「始於無為」、」歸根曰靜」下「天地反復」、」不知常」下「失道之人」三條輯文，故僅見於第二、三、四組；其餘諸家七句皆備。分章則河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、魏源、王夫之以此章為第十六章；吳澄合第十五、十六章為一章，此章內容在其本題為第十五章，篇末自題「右第十五章」。", "introSimp": "《老子》第十六章，河上公题「归根」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙并题「致虚极章」。全章七句：首句标举致虚守静之功；次句言万物并作而观其复；第三句言物芸芸而各归其根；第四句明归根曰静、是谓复命；第五、六句言复命曰常、知常曰明，不知常则妄作而凶；末句以知常容、容乃公、公乃王、王乃天、天乃道、道乃久、没身不殆层层推衍作结。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章仅存「万物并作」下「始于无为」、」归根曰静」下「天地反复」、」不知常」下「失道之人」三条辑文，故仅见于第二、三、四组；其余诸家七句皆备。分章则河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、魏源、王夫之以此章为第十六章；吴澄合第十五、十六章为一章，此章内容在其本题为第十五章，篇末自题「右第十五章」。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的十三家舊注並列對讀。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的十三家旧注并列对读。", "slug": "16", "order": 16, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「致虛極，守靜篤」開篇，次言「萬物並作，吾以觀復」「夫物芸芸，各復歸其根」，轉出「歸根曰靜，是謂復命」「復命曰常，知常曰明」，末以「不知常，妄作凶」反承、「知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆」層層推衍作結；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章三條輯文存於《玄德纂疏》，陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，吳澄合第十五、十六章為一章，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「致虚极，守静笃」开篇，次言「万物并作，吾以观复」「夫物芸芸，各复归其根」，转出「归根曰静，是谓复命」「复命曰常，知常曰明」，末以「不知常，妄作凶」反承、「知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆」层层推衍作结；附河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十三家注疏，严遵道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章三条辑文存于《玄德纂疏》，陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通释，吴澄合第十五、十六章为一章，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-16.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-16.json", "url": "/laozi/16/", "volumeId": "daojing", "volumeTitle": "道經", "volumeTitleSimp": "道经", "orderLabel": "第十六" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": 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"cautionSimp": "王弼底本作「归根曰静，是谓复命」「吾以观复」「各复归其根」「公乃王」「没身不殆」；河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本多作「静曰复命」，河上公又作「吾以是观其复」，唐玄宗御注御疏、魏源作「万物并作」「观其复」，陆希声、李荣、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源作「各归其根」，李荣作「公能王」，吴澄作「公廼王」，王夫之作「公乃全」「全乃天」，唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、魏源作「殁身不殆」。魏源底本「复命日常」「知带容」「夭乃道」形讹，据文义校正为「复命曰常」「知常容」「天乃道」；李荣底本「皆道从邪」据文义作「背道从邪」；王夫之底本「妄手」据文义作「妄乎」；憨山底本据 bookgb.bfnn.org 全本补足。正文从王弼本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 7, "commentaries": 61, "charNotes": 15, "collations": 13 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「歸根」，以致為至，捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚；觀萬物無不歸本，根安靜柔弱故不復死；知常則除情欲、無所不包容；末以與道合同、與天地同沒為說。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「归根」，以致为至，捐情去欲、五藏清静，守清静、行笃厚；观万物无不归本，根安静柔弱故不复死；知常则除情欲、无所不包容；末以与道合同、与天地同没为说。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章以致虛為物之極篤、守靜為物之真正；以虛靜觀萬物反復，凡有起於虛、動起於靜，卒復歸於虛靜；歸根則靜，靜則復命；知常則明，失此則邪入乎分；末以包通、公平、周普、同天、體道、不有為次。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章以致虚为物之极笃、守静为物之真正；以虚静观万物反复，凡有起于虚、动起于静，卒复归于虚静；归根则静，静则复命；知常则明，失此则邪入乎分；末以包通、公平、周普、同天、体道、不有为次。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章以致為得、虛極為道果、篤為中，靜心守一；觀一切眾生云為取捨悉復妙本，雖動不動；歸根則馳競自息，復於真性惠命；知常則智慧明照；末以體凝常一、違順兩空、作大法王為說。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章以致为得、虚极为道果、笃为中，静心守一；观一切众生云为取舍悉复妙本，虽动不动；归根则驰竞自息，复于真性惠命；知常则智慧明照；末以体凝常一、违顺两空、作大法王为说。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以虛極為妙本，人受生皆稟之，絕棄塵境、守雌靜篤厚則虛極自致；觀萬物歸復常在靜；歸根至靜即復所稟性命；知守常則明，失常妄作則凶；末以含容、公正、歸往、合天、行道、久享福祚為說。御疏敷衍其義。", "count": 14, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以虚极为妙本，人受生皆禀之，绝弃尘境、守雌静笃厚则虚极自致；观万物归复常在静；归根至静即复所禀性命；知守常则明，失常妄作则凶；末以含容、公正、归往、合天、行道、久享福祚为说。御疏敷衍其义。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章存三條輯文：觀復始於無為、動於無形、發於時和；歸根則天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本，神明得位、與虛無通；失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受禍、明以造殃。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "道经原卷缺卷一至六，此章存三条辑文：观复始于无为、动于无形、发于时和；归根则天地反复、人复寝寐、龙蛇复蛰、草木复本，神明得位、与虚无通；失道之人废弃经常、纵其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受祸、明以造殃。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李注", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "生卒不詳", "color": "#4f6b7a", "desc": "唐初道士，以重玄遣執解《老》；此章以性靜行清、守厚得虛極為說；觀復以常人為逐末、聖人為抑末崇本；歸根則反本寂然，復命則不死不生；知常則迷闇悟明，背道從邪則凶；末以知常達理、量等虛空、公正君臨、與道同久為說。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "生卒不详", "descSimp": "唐初道士，以重玄遣执解《老》；此章以性静行清、守厚得虚极为说；观复以常人为逐末、圣人为抑末崇本；归根则反本寂然，复命则不死不生；知常则迷暗悟明，背道从邪则凶；末以知常达理、量等虚空、公正君临、与道同久为说。", "shortSimp": "李注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章總為一注，以致虛妙極為德之用、守靜專篤為道之體；萬物並作而體湛然以觀其復；歸復則情復於性、動復於靜，窮理盡性以至於命；知常則常善救物；末以德不盈、道不傾、終身無吝為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章总为一注，以致虚妙极为德之用、守静专笃为道之体；万物并作而体湛然以观其复；归复则情复于性、动复于静，穷理尽性以至于命；知常则常善救物；末以德不盈、道不倾、终身无吝为说。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "北宋新學一系；此章以致虛不極、守靜不篤則非不盈之至為說；以虛靜之至觀萬物之作與芸芸，其所以作者乃其所以復；歸復則靜，靜則復命；知常而體之則萬物與我為一；末以容、公、王、天、道、久次第相生為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "北宋新学一系；此章以致虚不极、守静不笃则非不盈之至为说；以虚静之至观万物之作与芸芸，其所以作者乃其所以复；归复则静，静则复命；知常而体之则万物与我为一；末以容、公、王、天、道、久次第相生为说。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "以性為說；此章以致虛不極則有未亡、守靜不篤則動未亡為說；極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變；萬物皆作於性、皆復於性；歸復然後為靜，命者性之妙；知常則明，不知復性則無作而非凶；末以無所不容、彼我之情盡為說。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以性为说；此章以致虚不极则有未亡、守静不笃则动未亡为说；极虚笃静以观万物之变；万物皆作于性、皆复于性；归复然后为静，命者性之妙；知常则明，不知复性则无作而非凶；末以无所不容、彼我之情尽为说。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "元代朱學大家；此章以致為至其極處、虛為無物、守為固內禦外、靜為不動、篤為力不倦為說；以作為動、復為反還初靜；芸芸為生長而動，春夏動、秋冬靜，復於初生之處故曰復命；末以常久不變、知常則明、不知則妄動害生為說。其本合第十五、十六章為一章，此章在其本題為第十五章。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "元代朱学大家；此章以致为至其极处、虚为无物、守为固内御外、静为不动、笃为力不倦为说；以作为动、复为反还初静；芸芸为生长而动，春夏动、秋冬静，复于初生之处故曰复命；末以常久不变、知常则明、不知则妄动害生为说。其本合第十五、十六章为一章，此章在其本题为第十五章。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "晚明高僧；此章承上章靜定工夫，以致虛為推窮萬物本來不有、守靜為心體本來不動；萬物暫有、當體全無，觀復即心不妄動；物我兩忘、寂然不動，命乃自性；知常則明，不知則逐物妄生；末以天地同根、萬物一體、身死道存為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "晚明高僧；此章承上章静定工夫，以致虚为推穷万物本来不有、守静为心体本来不动；万物暂有、当体全无，观复即心不妄动；物我两忘、寂然不动，命乃自性；知常则明，不知则逐物妄生；末以天地同根、万物一体、身死道存为说。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清代今文經學家；此章極言體常之要，入手在於觀復，觀復即觀徼；以致虛為無欲、篤為固；凡有起於虛、動起於靜，萬物雖並動卒復歸虛靜；知作者皆妄、靜者為常，知幾之謂明；末以內聖外王、合天盡道、久而不殆為說。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清代今文经学家；此章极言体常之要，入手在于观复，观复即观徼；以致虚为无欲、笃为固；凡有起于虚、动起于静，万物虽并动卒复归虚静；知作者皆妄、静者为常，知几之谓明；末以内圣外王、合天尽道、久而不殆为说。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "此章辨擊實邀虛、取動執靜，不邀不執乃極乃篤；萬物並作而芸芸者勢盡反其所自來；鄧林之葉可無籌而數、千里之雨可無器而量，舍是而有作則為妄；其道不用作而用觀，觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "此章辨击实邀虚、取动执静，不邀不执乃极乃笃；万物并作而芸芸者势尽反其所自来；邓林之叶可无筹而数、千里之雨可无器而量，舍是而有作则为妄；其道不用作而用观，观而不作，目亦腹矣。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "致虛極，守靜篤。", "textSimp": "致虚极，守静笃。", "translation": "使心灵虚寂到极点，持守宁静到笃实。", "translationTrad": "使心靈虛寂到極點，持守寧靜到篤實。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c008", "c015", "c022", "c029", "c039", "c046", "c047", "c048", "c055", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002" ], "key": "laozi-16:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "萬物並作，吾以觀復。", "textSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复。", "translation": "万物一齐生长运作，我从中观察它们的循环往复。", "translationTrad": "萬物一齊生長運作，我從中觀察它們的循環往復。", "noteIds": [ "c002", "c009", "c016", "c023", "c030", "c036", "c040", "c046", "c047", "c049", "c056", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n003", "n004" ], "key": "laozi-16:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根。", "textSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根。", "translation": "那万物纷繁茂盛，各自又回归它的根本。", "translationTrad": "那萬物紛繁茂盛，各自又回歸它的根本。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c010", "c017", "c024", "c031", "c041", "c046", "c047", "c050", "c057", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n005", "n006" ], "key": "laozi-16:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命。", "textSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命。", "translation": "回归根本叫作「静」，这叫作「复命」。", "translationTrad": "回歸根本叫作「靜」，這叫作「復命」。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c011", "c018", "c025", "c032", "c037", "c042", "c046", "c047", "c051", "c057", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n007" ], "key": "laozi-16:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "復命曰常，知常曰明。", "textSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明。", "translation": "回复性命叫作「常」，知道常叫作「明」。", "translationTrad": "回復性命叫作「常」，知道常叫作「明」。", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c012", "c019", "c026", "c033", "c043", "c046", "c047", "c052", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n008" ], "key": "laozi-16:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "不知常，妄作凶。", "textSimp": "不知常，妄作凶。", "translation": "不知道常，轻举妄动，就会招凶。", "translationTrad": "不知道常，輕舉妄動，就會招凶。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c013", "c020", "c027", "c034", "c038", "c044", "c046", "c047", "c053", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n009" ], "key": "laozi-16:s006", "n": 6 }, { "id": "s007", "paragraph": 1, "text": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆。", "textSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆。", "translation": "知道常就能包容，包容就能公正，公正就能为天下所归往，为天下所归往就合于天，合于天就合于道，合于道就能长久，终身不会危险。", "translationTrad": "知道常就能包容，包容就能公正，公正就能為天下所歸往，為天下所歸往就合於天，合於天就合於道，合於道就能長久，終身不會危險。", "noteIds": [ "c007", "c014", "c021", "c028", "c035", "c045", "c046", "c047", "c054", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n010", "n011", "n012", "n013", "n014", "n015" ], "key": "laozi-16:s007", "n": 7 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "致，至也。道人捐情去欲，五藏清靜，至於虛極也。守清靜，行篤厚。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "致，至也。道人捐情去欲，五藏清静，至于虚极也。守清静，行笃厚。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "作，生也。萬物並生。言吾以觀萬物無不皆歸其本也，人當重其本。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "作，生也。万物并生。言吾以观万物无不皆归其本也，人当重其本。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "芸芸者，華葉茂盛之貌。言萬物無不枯落，反復其根而更生。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "芸芸者，华叶茂盛之貌。言万物无不枯落，反复其根而更生。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "靜謂根也。根安靜柔弱，謙卑處下，故不復死。言能安靜者，是謂復還性命，便不死。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "静谓根也。根安静柔弱，谦卑处下，故不复死。言能安静者，是谓复还性命，便不死。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "復命使不死，乃道之所常行也。能知道之所常行，則為明也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "复命使不死，乃道之所常行也。能知道之所常行，则为明也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "不知道之所常行，而妄作巧詐，則失神明而凶。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "不知道之所常行，而妄作巧诈，则失神明而凶。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "能知道之所常行，則除情欲，無所不包容也。無所不包容，則公正無私，眾邪莫當。公正無私，則可以為天下王。治身正則形一而靜，神明千萬，共湊己躬。能王則德洽神明，乃與天通矣。德與天通，則與道合同也。與道合同，乃能長久。能公能王，通天合道，四者純備，道德弘遠，無殃無咎，乃與天地同沒，終不危殆也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "textSimp": "能知道之所常行，则除情欲，无所不包容也。无所不包容，则公正无私，众邪莫当。公正无私，则可以为天下王。治身正则形一而静，神明千万，共凑己躬。能王则德洽神明，乃与天通矣。德与天通，则与道合同也。与道合同，乃能长久。能公能王，通天合道，四者纯备，道德弘远，无殃无咎，乃与天地同没，终不危殆也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "言致虛，物之極篤；守靜，物之真正也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "言致虚，物之极笃；守静，物之真正也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "動作生長。以虛靜觀其反復。凡有起於虛，動起於靜，故萬物雖並動作，卒復歸於虛靜，是物之極篤也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "动作生长。以虚静观其反复。凡有起于虚，动起于静，故万物虽并动作，卒复归于虚静，是物之极笃也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "各反其所始也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "各反其所始也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "歸根則靜，故曰靜；靜則復命，故曰復命也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "归根则静，故曰静；静则复命，故曰复命也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "復命則得性命之常，故曰常也。常之為物，不偏不彰，無皦昧之狀、溫涼之象，故曰知常曰明也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "复命则得性命之常，故曰常也。常之为物，不偏不彰，无皦昧之状、温凉之象，故曰知常曰明也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "唯此復乃能包通萬物，無所不容；失此以往，則邪入乎分，則物離分，故曰不知常則妄作凶也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "唯此复乃能包通万物，无所不容；失此以往，则邪入乎分，则物离分，故曰不知常则妄作凶也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "知常容，無所不包通也。容乃公，無所不包通則乃至於蕩然公平也。公乃王，蕩然公平則乃至於無所不周普也。王乃天，無所不周普則乃至於同乎天也。天乃道，與天合德，體道大通，則乃至於極虛無也。道乃久，窮極虛無，得道之常，則乃至於不有極也。沒身不殆，無之為物，水火不能害，金石不能殘，用之於心，則虎兕無所投其齒角，兵戈無所容其鋒刃，何危殆之有乎！", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "textSimp": "知常容，无所不包通也。容乃公，无所不包通则乃至于荡然公平也。公乃王，荡然公平则乃至于无所不周普也。王乃天，无所不周普则乃至于同乎天也。天乃道，与天合德，体道大通，则乃至于极虚无也。道乃久，穷极虚无，得道之常，则乃至于不有极也。没身不殆，无之为物，水火不能害，金石不能残，用之于心，则虎兕无所投其齿角，兵戈无所容其锋刃，何危殆之有乎！", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "致，得也；虛極，道果也；篤，中也。言人欲得虛玄極妙之果者，須靜心守一，中之道則可得也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "致，得也；虚极，道果也；笃，中也。言人欲得虚玄极妙之果者，须静心守一，中之道则可得也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "作，動用也。言一切眾生并皆云為取捨，貪逐前境；以老君聖智觀之，悉復在妙本，雖動不動也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "作，动用也。言一切众生并皆云为取舍，贪逐前境；以老君圣智观之，悉复在妙本，虽动不动也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "芸芸，眾多貌也。言眾生所以不能同於聖心、雖動不動、用而無心者，只為芸芸馳競不息也。若能反本歸根，即同於聖照，此勸之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "芸芸，众多貌也。言众生所以不能同于圣心、虽动不动、用而无心者，只为芸芸驰竞不息也。若能反本归根，即同于圣照，此劝之也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "歸根曰靜，但能返本還源，馳競之心自息也。靜曰復命，命者真性惠命也；既屏息囂塵，心神凝寂，故復於真性，反於惠命。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "归根曰静，但能返本还源，驰竞之心自息也。静曰复命，命者真性惠命也；既屏息嚣尘，心神凝寂，故复于真性，反于惠命。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "復命曰常，反於性命，凝然湛然，不復生死，因之曰常。知常曰明，既知反命真常之理者，則智慧明照，無幽不燭。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "复命曰常，反于性命，凝然湛然，不复生死，因之曰常。知常曰明，既知反命真常之理者，则智慧明照，无幽不烛。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "不知性修反德而會於真常之道者，則起妄心，隨境造業，動之死地，所作皆凶也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "不知性修反德而会于真常之道者，则起妄心，随境造业，动之死地，所作皆凶也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "體凝常一，道悟違順，兩空，故能容物。公平也。既能包容庶物，所以公正無私。王，往也。只為包含萬物，公正無私，所以作大法王，為蒼生之所歸往。既作法王化主，為物所歸，復蔭覆含靈，同於旻昊。既合上天覆物平等，又同大道生化無窮。量等太虛，無來無去，心冥至道，不滅不生，既與此相符，故義說為久。沒，滅也；殆，危也。匿端滅跡謂之沒身，應感赴機謂之不殆。又解：跡有與廢，故言沒身；本無生滅，故言不殆。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "体凝常一，道悟违顺，两空，故能容物。公平也。既能包容庶物，所以公正无私。王，往也。只为包含万物，公正无私，所以作大法王，为苍生之所归往。既作法王化主，为物所归，复荫覆含灵，同于旻昊。既合上天覆物平等，又同大道生化无穷。量等太虚，无来无去，心冥至道，不灭不生，既与此相符，故义说为久。没，灭也；殆，危也。匿端灭迹谓之没身，应感赴机谓之不殆。又解：迹有与废，故言没身；本无生灭，故言不殆。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "虛極者，妙本也。言人受生，皆稟虛極妙本，及形有受納，則妙本離散。今欲令虛極妙本必致於身，當須絕棄塵境染滯，守此雌靜篤厚，則虛極之道自致於身也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "虚极者，妙本也。言人受生，皆禀虚极妙本，及形有受纳，则妙本离散。今欲令虚极妙本必致于身，当须绝弃尘境染滞，守此雌静笃厚，则虚极之道自致于身也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "老君云：何以知守雌靜則能致虛極乎？但觀萬物動作云為，及其歸復，常在於靜，故知爾。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "老君云：何以知守雌静则能致虚极乎？但观万物动作云为，及其归复，常在于静，故知尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "又云：所以知萬物歸復常在於靜者，為物華葉芸芸，生性皆復歸於其根本故。有作云云者，動作也；言夫物云云動作者，及其歸復，皆在根本爾。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "又云：所以知万物归复常在于静者，为物华叶芸芸，生性皆复归于其根本故。有作云云者，动作也；言夫物云云动作者，及其归复，皆在根本尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "華葉云云者，生性歸根則靜止矣；人能歸根至靜，可謂復所稟之性命。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "华叶云云者，生性归根则静止矣；人能归根至静，可谓复所禀之性命。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "守靜復命，可謂有常；知守常者，更益明了。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "守静复命，可谓有常；知守常者，更益明了。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "不恒其德，或承之羞；失常妄作，窮凶必至矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "不恒其德，或承之羞；失常妄作，穷凶必至矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "知守真常，則心境虛靜，如彼空谷，無不含容。含容應物，應物無心，既無私邪，故為公正。能公正無私者，則為物所歸往。群物樂推，如天之覆，則與天合德。王德如天，乃能行道。道行天下，乃可以久享福祚矣。同天行道，則終殁其身，長無危殆之事矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "知守真常，则心境虚静，如彼空谷，无不含容。含容应物，应物无心，既无私邪，故为公正。能公正无私者，则为物所归往。群物乐推，如天之覆，则与天合德。王德如天，乃能行道。道行天下，乃可以久享福祚矣。同天行道，则终殁其身，长无危殆之事矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "虛極者，妙本也。言人受生，皆稟虛極妙本，是謂真性；及受形之後，六根愛染，五欲奔馳，則真性離散，失妙本矣。今欲令虛極妙本必自致於身者，當須守此雌靜篤厚，性情而絕欲無為，無狹而不厭，則虛極妙本自致於身，亦由水之流濕、火之就燥矣。致者，令必自來，如春秋致師之義爾。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "虚极者，妙本也。言人受生，皆禀虚极妙本，是谓真性；及受形之后，六根爱染，五欲奔驰，则真性离散，失妙本矣。今欲令虚极妙本必自致于身者，当须守此雌静笃厚，性情而绝欲无为，无狭而不厌，则虚极妙本自致于身，亦由水之流湿、火之就燥矣。致者，令必自来，如春秋致师之义尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "此明守靜篤必致虛極之意。夫萬物萬形，動作不同，及觀其歸復，常在於本。《易》曰：雷在地中，復。復者，反本之謂也。故靜則歸復，動則失本也。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "此明守静笃必致虚极之意。夫万物万形，动作不同，及观其归复，常在于本。《易》曰：雷在地中，复。复者，反本之谓也。故静则归复，动则失本也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "此舉喻明觀復之意也。根者，本所受氣而生也。今觀萬物花葉芸芸，及其生性皆復歸於其根而更生。虛極妙本，人所稟而生也；今觀情欲熙熙，能守靜致虛，則正性歸復命元而長久矣。本作云云者，如注釋之。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "此举喻明观复之意也。根者，本所受气而生也。今观万物花叶芸芸，及其生性皆复归于其根而更生。虚极妙本，人所禀而生也；今观情欲熙熙，能守静致虚，则正性归复命元而长久矣。本作云云者，如注释之。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "物歸根則安靜，人守靜則致虛。木之稟生者根，歸根故復命；人之稟生者妙本，今能守靜致虛，可謂歸復所稟之性命矣。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "物归根则安静，人守静则致虚。木之禀生者根，归根故复命；人之禀生者妙本，今能守静致虚，可谓归复所禀之性命矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "能守雌靜篤厚，以致虛極妙本；虛則復命，可謂得常矣。能知守常，是曰明了。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "能守雌静笃厚，以致虚极妙本；虚则复命，可谓得常矣。能知守常，是曰明了。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "失常妄作，可謂無常；不恒其德，窮凶必矣。注云「不恒其德，或承之羞」者，《易》恒卦文也。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "失常妄作，可谓无常；不恒其德，穷凶必矣。注云「不恒其德，或承之羞」者，《易》恒卦文也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "知常曰明，明則鑒物，物來必應，無不含容，故曰知常曰容。能含容應物，乃公正無私；無私則天下歸往，是謂王矣。惟天為大，惟王則之，其德同天而無不覆，故曰王乃天；王德如天，則無為而理，道化乃行，故云乃道。言守靜致虛，歸根復命，其德如此，可以為王；王德合天，乃能行道；道行則久享福祚，天下之人就之如日，戴之如天，澤之如雨，望之如春，則終殁其身，復何危殆之事？故云殁身不殆。", "authorNote": "御疏", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》", "textSimp": "知常曰明，明则鉴物，物来必应，无不含容，故曰知常曰容。能含容应物，乃公正无私；无私则天下归往，是谓王矣。惟天为大，惟王则之，其德同天而无不覆，故曰王乃天；王德如天，则无为而理，道化乃行，故云乃道。言守静致虚，归根复命，其德如此，可以为王；王德合天，乃能行道；道行则久享福祚，天下之人就之如日，戴之如天，泽之如雨，望之如春，则终殁其身，复何危殆之事？故云殁身不殆。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（御疏）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》", "authorNoteSimp": "御疏", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "始於無為，動於無形，發於時和，以遂成功也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "始于无为，动于无形，发于时和，以遂成功也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "天地反復故能長久，人復寢寐故能聰明，龍蛇復蟄故能彰變，草木復本故能青青。復則神明得位，與虛無通，魂休魄息，各得所安，寧氣順血脈和平也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "天地反复故能长久，人复寝寐故能聪明，龙蛇复蛰故能彰变，草木复本故能青青。复则神明得位，与虚无通，魂休魄息，各得所安，宁气顺血脉和平也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "失道之人，廢棄經常，事其聰明，縱其志欲，妄作凶行。故知以受禍，明以造殃，深察以死，博辯以亡。夫何故哉？不反元始，不復本根，動與道乖，靜與神殊，存故不能存也，然故不能然也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "失道之人，废弃经常，事其聪明，纵其志欲，妄作凶行。故知以受祸，明以造殃，深察以死，博辩以亡。夫何故哉？不反元始，不复本根，动与道乖，静与神殊，存故不能存也，然故不能然也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "其性靜而貞，其行清而遠；守之厚者，可得虛極之道。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "其性静而贞，其行清而远；守之厚者，可得虚极之道。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "凡物，常人不能守無為，以安靜為情，而動作去真以從偽，失本而逐末也。復，本也。凡人失本而逐末，離淳以入澆；聖人抑末而崇本，反澆以還朴也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "凡物，常人不能守无为，以安静为情，而动作去真以从伪，失本而逐末也。复，本也。凡人失本而逐末，离淳以入浇；圣人抑末而崇本，反浇以还朴也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "物亦人也，根亦本也。言人以一心攀緣萬境，其事非一，故曰芸芸；聖人皆勸以反本，故言各歸其根也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "物亦人也，根亦本也。言人以一心攀缘万境，其事非一，故曰芸芸；圣人皆劝以反本，故言各归其根也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "在末所以輪迴，反本寂然不動。近而為語，強梁不得其死，名之中夭；虛靜保其天年，是謂復命。遠而言之，動則有生有死，失於真性；靜則不死不生，復於慧命也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "在末所以轮回，反本寂然不动。近而为语，强梁不得其死，名之中夭；虚静保其天年，是谓复命。远而言之，动则有生有死，失于真性；静则不死不生，复于慧命也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "有死有生，故斷；不死不生，故常。迷斯理者闇，悟此道者明。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "有死有生，故断；不死不生，故常。迷斯理者暗，悟此道者明。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "知常信道，所行皆善，天祐人助，故云吉；背道從邪，縱情任意，觸塗妄作，所為失當，人誅鬼責，故云凶也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知常信道，所行皆善，天祐人助，故云吉；背道从邪，纵情任意，触涂妄作，所为失当，人诛鬼责，故云凶也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "知常達理，量等虛空，無所不包，故曰容也。正而無私。偏私不堪宰物，公正自可君臨也。無心廣覆，運行以時。與天地合德，共道齊真，疏通無滯，動皆合理。道則自古以固存，聖則永享無期壽也。沒，終也；與天為期，與道同久，終於此身，永無危殆也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知常达理，量等虚空，无所不包，故曰容也。正而无私。偏私不堪宰物，公正自可君临也。无心广覆，运行以时。与天地合德，共道齐真，疏通无滞，动皆合理。道则自古以固存，圣则永享无期寿也。没，终也；与天为期，与道同久，终于此身，永无危殆也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十六章", "kind": "note", "text": "致虛玄而妙極者，有德之用也；守靜專而篤實者，得道之體也。其用無方，故萬物並作；其體湛然，以觀其復。雷在地中者，天地之復也；動在靜中者，聖人之復也。復其見天地之心乎！天地以聖人心為心也。故凡物芸芸，復則歸于根；庶事靡靡，復則歸于理。理者，事之源也；靜者，動之君也；性者，情之根也。夫人生而靜，天之性也；感物而動，人之情也。情復于性，動復于靜，則天理得矣。《易》曰：窮理盡性以至於命。故能窮天之理，則能盡人之性；能盡人之性，則能知天之命。故曰歸根曰靜，靜曰復命也。自天命而觀之，則萬物之性可見矣，故曰天命之謂性。性命之極謂之至賾，然則性命之理由賾而生也。故能率其性則入於賾矣；賾可以通理，通理之謂道；能修其道則復於性矣；可以接物，接物之謂教。故曰率性之謂道，修道之謂教。然則繼可傳之教者在於善，成可常之道者在乎性。至賾之體，深不可識，仁智則滯於所見，百姓則用而不知，故體道君子蓋亦希矣。故曰繼之者善也，成之者性也。仁者見之謂之仁，智者見之謂之智，百姓日用而不知，故君子之道鮮矣。顯諸仁，藏諸用，鼓萬物而不與聖人同憂，盛德大業至矣哉！此仲尼極言道德之奧、性命之賾也。夫道之所以為常者，以其善應萬物而萬物不能累也。唯能知道之常，則能常善救物而不為萬物所累；其用也微，其理也彰，故能知其常則謂之襲明矣。不知救物之善道，乃欲妄作於法教者，則天下之民斯被其害矣。唯能知夫常道，明於善救，則如天地之覆載，無所私於萬物，故百姓歸而往之，推而戴之，乃可以合道之常而終身無吝也。", "authorNote": "整章一注", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "致虚玄而妙极者，有德之用也；守静专而笃实者，得道之体也。其用无方，故万物并作；其体湛然，以观其复。雷在地中者，天地之复也；动在静中者，圣人之复也。复其见天地之心乎！天地以圣人心为心也。故凡物芸芸，复则归于根；庶事靡靡，复则归于理。理者，事之源也；静者，动之君也；性者，情之根也。夫人生而静，天之性也；感物而动，人之情也。情复于性，动复于静，则天理得矣。《易》曰：穷理尽性以至于命。故能穷天之理，则能尽人之性；能尽人之性，则能知天之命。故曰归根曰静，静曰复命也。自天命而观之，则万物之性可见矣，故曰天命之谓性。性命之极谓之至赜，然则性命之理由赜而生也。故能率其性则入于赜矣；赜可以通理，通理之谓道；能修其道则复于性矣；可以接物，接物之谓教。故曰率性之谓道，修道之谓教。然则继可传之教者在于善，成可常之道者在乎性。至赜之体，深不可识，仁智则滞于所见，百姓则用而不知，故体道君子盖亦希矣。故曰继之者善也，成之者性也。仁者见之谓之仁，智者见之谓之智，百姓日用而不知，故君子之道鲜矣。显诸仁，藏诸用，鼓万物而不与圣人同忧，盛德大业至矣哉！此仲尼极言道德之奥、性命之赜也。夫道之所以为常者，以其善应万物而万物不能累也。唯能知道之常，则能常善救物而不为万物所累；其用也微，其理也彰，故能知其常则谓之袭明矣。不知救物之善道，乃欲妄作于法教者，则天下之民斯被其害矣。唯能知夫常道，明于善救，则如天地之覆载，无所私于万物，故百姓归而往之，推而戴之，乃可以合道之常而终身无吝也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）（整章一注）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "整章一注", "lemmaSimp": "第十六章" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十六章", "kind": "note", "text": "致虛而不極，守靜而不篤，則非不盈之至也。眾人之於萬物也，息而後見其復，衰而後見其歸根；而我以虛靜之至，故見萬物之所以作與其所以芸芸，在我而不在彼。其所以作者，乃其所以復也；方其所以芸芸者，乃其所以歸根也。故以其並作而觀其復，則方其芸芸而各復歸其根也。然則所謂虛者，非虛之而虛也，直莫之盈故虛也；所謂靜者，非靜之而靜也，夫物芸芸各歸其根而不知，而莫足以撓心故靜也。故歸根曰靜。命者，吾之所受以生者也；夫惟靜則復其所以生而能命物矣，故靜曰復命。道至於能命物則常而不去矣，故復命曰常。自常觀之，則吉凶悔吝常見乎動之微，明孰加焉？故知常曰明。不知常者反此，則所作不免妄而已。能知常而體之，則萬物與我為一矣，故知常容。萬物與我為一，則不內其身而私矣，故容乃公。萬物與我為一而無私焉，大也；大則聖，內聖外王，故公乃王。聖然後至於神，故王乃天。天則神矣；道者，所以成聖而盡神也，故天乃道。為道而至於常則盡矣，故道乃久，沒身不殆。久而至於沒身不殆者，常之謂已。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "致虚而不极，守静而不笃，则非不盈之至也。众人之于万物也，息而后见其复，衰而后见其归根；而我以虚静之至，故见万物之所以作与其所以芸芸，在我而不在彼。其所以作者，乃其所以复也；方其所以芸芸者，乃其所以归根也。故以其并作而观其复，则方其芸芸而各复归其根也。然则所谓虚者，非虚之而虚也，直莫之盈故虚也；所谓静者，非静之而静也，夫物芸芸各归其根而不知，而莫足以挠心故静也。故归根曰静。命者，吾之所受以生者也；夫惟静则复其所以生而能命物矣，故静曰复命。道至于能命物则常而不去矣，故复命曰常。自常观之，则吉凶悔吝常见乎动之微，明孰加焉？故知常曰明。不知常者反此，则所作不免妄而已。能知常而体之，则万物与我为一矣，故知常容。万物与我为一，则不内其身而私矣，故容乃公。万物与我为一而无私焉，大也；大则圣，内圣外王，故公乃王。圣然后至于神，故王乃天。天则神矣；道者，所以成圣而尽神也，故天乃道。为道而至于常则尽矣，故道乃久，没身不殆。久而至于没身不殆者，常之谓已。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（節引）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "第十六章" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "致虛不極，則有未亡也；守靜不篤，則動未亡也。丘山雖去，而微塵未盡，未為極與篤也。蓋致虛存虛，猶未離有；守靜存靜，猶陷於動，而況其他乎？不極不篤，而責虛靜之用，難矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "致虚不极，则有未亡也；守静不笃，则动未亡也。丘山虽去，而微尘未尽，未为极与笃也。盖致虚存虚，犹未离有；守静存静，犹陷于动，而况其他乎？不极不笃，而责虚静之用，难矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "極虛篤靜，以觀萬物之變，然後不為變之所亂。知凡作之未有不復者也；苟吾方且與萬物皆作，則不足以知之矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "极虚笃静，以观万物之变，然后不为变之所乱。知凡作之未有不复者也；苟吾方且与万物皆作，则不足以知之矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物皆作於性，皆復於性，譬如華葉之生於根而歸於根，濤瀾之生於水而歸於水耳。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "万物皆作于性，皆复于性，譬如华叶之生于根而归于根，涛澜之生于水而归于水耳。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "苟未能自復於性，雖止動患念以求靜，非靜也，故惟歸根然後為靜。命者，性之妙也。性猶可言，至於命則不可言矣。《易》曰：窮理盡性以至於命。聖人之學道，必始於窮理，中於盡性，終於復命。仁義禮樂，聖人之所以接物也；而仁義禮樂之用，必有所以然者。不知其所以然，徇其名而為之，世俗之士也；知其所以然而後行之，君子也。此之謂窮理。雖然，盡心以窮理而後得之，不求則不得也；事物日構於前，必求而後能應，則其為力也勞，而為功也少。聖人外不為物所蔽，其性湛然，不勉而中，不思而得，物至而能應，此之謂盡性。雖然，此吾性也，猶有物我之辨焉，則幾於妄矣。君之命曰命，天之命曰命，以性接物而不知其為我，是以寄之命也。此之謂復命。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "苟未能自复于性，虽止动患念以求静，非静也，故惟归根然后为静。命者，性之妙也。性犹可言，至于命则不可言矣。《易》曰：穷理尽性以至于命。圣人之学道，必始于穷理，中于尽性，终于复命。仁义礼乐，圣人之所以接物也；而仁义礼乐之用，必有所以然者。不知其所以然，徇其名而为之，世俗之士也；知其所以然而后行之，君子也。此之谓穷理。虽然，尽心以穷理而后得之，不求则不得也；事物日构于前，必求而后能应，则其为力也劳，而为功也少。圣人外不为物所蔽，其性湛然，不勉而中，不思而得，物至而能应，此之谓尽性。虽然，此吾性也，犹有物我之辨焉，则几于妄矣。君之命曰命，天之命曰命，以性接物而不知其为我，是以寄之命也。此之谓复命。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明", "kind": "note", "text": "方其作也，雖天地山河之大，未有不變壞不常者；惟復於性而後湛然常存矣。不以復性為明，則皆世俗之智，雖自謂明，而非明也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "方其作也，虽天地山河之大，未有不变坏不常者；惟复于性而后湛然常存矣。不以复性为明，则皆世俗之智，虽自谓明，而非明也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不知常，妄作凶", "kind": "note", "text": "不知復性，則緣物而動，無作而非凶，雖得於一時，而失之遠矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "不知复性，则缘物而动，无作而非凶，虽得于一时，而失之远矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "不知常，妄作凶" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "方迷於妄，則自是而非彼，物皆吾敵，吾何以容之？苟知其皆妄，則雖仇讎猶將哀而憐之，夫何所不容哉？無所不容，則彼我之情盡，而尚誰私乎？無所不公，則天下將往而歸之矣。無所不懷，雖天何以加之？天猶有形，至於道則極矣；然而雖道外不能復進於此矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》", "textSimp": "方迷于妄，则自是而非彼，物皆吾敌，吾何以容之？苟知其皆妄，则虽仇雠犹将哀而怜之，夫何所不容哉？无所不容，则彼我之情尽，而尚谁私乎？无所不公，则天下将往而归之矣。无所不怀，虽天何以加之？天犹有形，至于道则极矣；然而虽道外不能复进于此矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》", "lemmaSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "致虛極，守靜篤", "kind": "note", "text": "致，至之而至其極處也。虛，謂無物，外物不入乎內也；極，窮盡其處也。守，固內禦外，如守城之守；靜，謂不動，內心不出乎外也；篤，力不倦也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "致，至之而至其极处也。虚，谓无物，外物不入乎内也；极，穷尽其处也。守，固内御外，如守城之守；静，谓不动，内心不出乎外也；笃，力不倦也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "致虚极，守静笃" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "kind": "note", "text": "作，動也。植物之生長，動物之知覺，皆動也。復，反還也。物生由靜而動，故反還其初之靜為復；植物之生氣下藏，動物之定心內寂也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "作，动也。植物之生长，动物之知觉，皆动也。复，反还也。物生由静而动，故反还其初之静为复；植物之生气下藏，动物之定心内寂也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复" }, { "id": "c057", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根。歸根曰靜，是謂復命", "kind": "note", "text": "芸芸，生長而動之貌。凡植木，春夏則生氣自根而上達於枝葉，是曰動；秋冬則生氣自上反還而下藏於根，是曰靜。天以此氣生而為物者曰命，復於其初生之處，故曰復命。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "芸芸，生长而动之貌。凡植木，春夏则生气自根而上达于枝叶，是曰动；秋冬则生气自上反还而下藏于根，是曰静。天以此气生而为物者曰命，复于其初生之处，故曰复命。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根。归根曰静，是谓复命" }, { "id": "c058", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "復命曰常，知常曰明。不知常，妄作凶。知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，沒身不殆", "kind": "note", "text": "常者，久而不變之謂。能知此者謂之明；昧者不知此，則不能守靜而妄動以害其生，故曰凶。容謂形著而見於外，內有養者，其外貌自與人不同也。公者，一國之主，言能保其一身之所有也；王者，天下之主，言能兼有天地之所有也。天謂與天為一也，與天為一則道在我矣；道在我則與道同其久。沒猶終也；殆謂損壽而危其身也。按殆字從歹，訓危、訓將、訓近，凡字從歹者多是死之義；殆者，蓋危而將近於死也。死者氣盡而終，蓋有窮匱竟盡之意。沒身不殆，終此身而生長可保也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "常者，久而不变之谓。能知此者谓之明；昧者不知此，则不能守静而妄动以害其生，故曰凶。容谓形着而见于外，内有养者，其外貌自与人不同也。公者，一国之主，言能保其一身之所有也；王者，天下之主，言能兼有天地之所有也。天谓与天为一也，与天为一则道在我矣；道在我则与道同其久。没犹终也；殆谓损寿而危其身也。按殆字从歹，训危、训将、训近，凡字从歹者多是死之义；殆者，盖危而将近于死也。死者气尽而终，盖有穷匮竟尽之意。没身不殆，终此身而生长可保也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明。不知常，妄作凶。知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道，道乃久，没身不殆" }, { "id": "c059", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十六章", "kind": "note", "text": "此承上章要人作靜定功夫，此示功夫之方法也。致虛極守靜篤者。致，謂推致推窮之意。虛，謂外物本來不有。靜，謂心體本來不動。世人不知外物本來不有，而妄以為實。故逐物牽心，其心擾擾妄動，火馳而不返。見利亡形，見得亡真，故競進而不休，所以不能保此道也。今學道工夫，先要推窮目前萬物，本來不有。則一切聲色貨利，當體全是虛假不實之事。如此推窮，縱有亦無。一切既是虛假，則全不見有可欲之相。既不見可欲，則心自然不亂。而永絕貪求，心閒無事。如此守靜，可謂篤矣。故致虛要極，守靜要篤也。老子既勉人如此做工夫，恐人不信。乃自出己意曰，我之工夫亦無他術，唯只是萬物並作，吾以觀其復，如此而已。並作，猶言並列於前也。然目前萬物本來不有，蓋從無以生有。雖千態萬狀，並列於前，我只觀得當體全無。故曰萬物並作，吾以觀其復。復，謂心不妄動也。向下又自解之曰，夫物芸芸，各歸其根。意謂目前萬物雖是暫有，畢竟歸無，故云各歸其根。根，謂根本元無也。物既本無，則心亦不有。是則物我兩忘，寂然不動。故曰歸根曰靜，靜曰復命。命，乃當人之自性，賴而有生者。然人雖有形，而形本無形。能見無形，則不獨忘世，抑且忘身。身世兩忘，則自復矣。故云靜曰復命。性，乃真常之道也。故云復命曰常。人能返觀內照，知此真常妙性，才謂之明。故云知常曰明。由人不知此性，故逐物妄生，貪欲無厭。以取戕生傷性亡身敗家之禍。故曰不知常，妄作凶。人若知此真常之道，則天地同根，萬物一體，此心自然包含天地萬物。故曰知常容。人心苟能廣大如此，則民吾同胞，物吾與也。其心廓然大公，則全不見有我之私。故曰容乃公。此真常大道，人若得之於內，則為聖。施之於外，則為王。故曰公乃王。王乃法天行事，合乎天心。故曰王乃天。天法道，合乎自然。故曰天乃道。與天地參。故曰道乃久。人得此道，則身雖死而道常存。故曰沒身不殆。殆，盡也。且此真常之道，備在於我。而人不知，返乃亡身殉物，嗜欲而不返，豈不謬哉。", "authorNote": "整章一注", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此承上章要人作静定功夫，此示功夫之方法也。致虚极守静笃者。致，谓推致推穷之意。虚，谓外物本来不有。静，谓心体本来不动。世人不知外物本来不有，而妄以为实。故逐物牵心，其心扰扰妄动，火驰而不返。见利亡形，见得亡真，故竞进而不休，所以不能保此道也。今学道工夫，先要推穷目前万物，本来不有。则一切声色货利，当体全是虚假不实之事。如此推穷，纵有亦无。一切既是虚假，则全不见有可欲之相。既不见可欲，则心自然不乱。而永绝贪求，心闲无事。如此守静，可谓笃矣。故致虚要极，守静要笃也。老子既勉人如此做工夫，恐人不信。乃自出己意曰，我之工夫亦无他术，唯只是万物并作，吾以观其复，如此而已。并作，犹言并列于前也。然目前万物本来不有，盖从无以生有。虽千态万状，并列于前，我只观得当体全无。故曰万物并作，吾以观其复。复，谓心不妄动也。向下又自解之曰，夫物芸芸，各归其根。意谓目前万物虽是暂有，毕竟归无，故云各归其根。根，谓根本元无也。物既本无，则心亦不有。是则物我两忘，寂然不动。故曰归根曰静，静曰复命。命，乃当人之自性，赖而有生者。然人虽有形，而形本无形。能见无形，则不独忘世，抑且忘身。身世两忘，则自复矣。故云静曰复命。性，乃真常之道也。故云复命曰常。人能返观内照，知此真常妙性，才谓之明。故云知常曰明。由人不知此性，故逐物妄生，贪欲无厌。以取戕生伤性亡身败家之祸。故曰不知常，妄作凶。人若知此真常之道，则天地同根，万物一体，此心自然包含天地万物。故曰知常容。人心苟能广大如此，则民吾同胞，物吾与也。其心廓然大公，则全不见有我之私。故曰容乃公。此真常大道，人若得之于内，则为圣。施之于外，则为王。故曰公乃王。王乃法天行事，合乎天心。故曰王乃天。天法道，合乎自然。故曰天乃道。与天地参。故曰道乃久。人得此道，则身虽死而道常存。故曰没身不殆。殆，尽也。且此真常之道，备在于我。而人不知，返乃亡身殉物，嗜欲而不返，岂不谬哉。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（整章一注）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "整章一注", "lemmaSimp": "第十六章" }, { "id": "c060", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十六章", "kind": "note", "text": "此極言體常之要。其入手在於觀復。觀復即觀徼也。夫物芸芸五句，上即物理之自然，以推動常歸靜之旨。自知常曰明以下，乃言學道者觀復之明，以明致虛守靜之效也。致者，至其極也。虛者，無欲也。無欲則靜。蓋外物不入，則內心不出也。篤，固也。學道而至於虛，虛而至其極，則其守靜也篤矣。故下文專即至靜而言之。致虛而未知實之即虛，守靜而未知動之即靜者，觀無於無，而未於有觀無故耳。凡有起於虛，動起於靜，故萬物雖並動，卒復歸於虛靜，是物之極篤也。第眾人之於物，息而後見其復，衰而後見其歸根。惟知道者虛靜之至，則見其所以作，與其所以芸芸。其所以作者，乃其所以復也。知作者之皆妄，而靜者之為常，則執性命以命群文，常有而常無，常作而常靜，知幾之謂明矣。何有妄作之凶乎？夫知非聞見測度之謂也。能渾一於物我之間，外無不容，而內無或私者，庶乎真知之矣。是故言其大則內聖而外王，言其化則合天而盡道。盡道者無他焉，常而已矣。久而不殆者，常之謂也。", "authorNote": "節引", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "此极言体常之要。其入手在于观复。观复即观徼也。夫物芸芸五句，上即物理之自然，以推动常归静之旨。自知常曰明以下，乃言学道者观复之明，以明致虚守静之效也。致者，至其极也。虚者，无欲也。无欲则静。盖外物不入，则内心不出也。笃，固也。学道而至于虚，虚而至其极，则其守静也笃矣。故下文专即至静而言之。致虚而未知实之即虚，守静而未知动之即静者，观无于无，而未于有观无故耳。凡有起于虚，动起于静，故万物虽并动，卒复归于虚静，是物之极笃也。第众人之于物，息而后见其复，衰而后见其归根。惟知道者虚静之至，则见其所以作，与其所以芸芸。其所以作者，乃其所以复也。知作者之皆妄，而静者之为常，则执性命以命群文，常有而常无，常作而常静，知几之谓明矣。何有妄作之凶乎？夫知非闻见测度之谓也。能浑一于物我之间，外无不容，而内无或私者，庶乎真知之矣。是故言其大则内圣而外王，言其化则合天而尽道。尽道者无他焉，常而已矣。久而不殆者，常之谓也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（節引）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "节引", "lemmaSimp": "第十六章" }, { "id": "c061", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "第十六章", "kind": "note", "text": "最下擊實，其次邀虛。最下取動，其次執靜。兩實之中，虛故自然；眾動之極，靜原自復。不邀不執，乃極乃篤。何以明其然也？萬物並作，而芸芸者，勢盡而反其所自來也。是故鄧林之葉，可無籌而數；千里之雨，可無器而量。猶舍是而有作，其不謂之妄乎？故無所有事，而天下為我用，其道不用作而用觀。觀，目也；觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "最下击实，其次邀虚。最下取动，其次执静。两实之中，虚故自然；众动之极，静原自复。不邀不执，乃极乃笃。何以明其然也？万物并作，而芸芸者，势尽而反其所自来也。是故邓林之叶，可无筹而数；千里之雨，可无器而量。犹舍是而有作，其不谓之妄乎？故无所有事，而天下为我用，其道不用作而用观。观，目也；观而不作，目亦腹矣。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "lemmaSimp": "第十六章" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "致虛", "charSimp": "致虚", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "zhì xū", "gloss": "達到虛寂的極處。致，至也；一說推致。", "glossSimp": "达到虚寂的极处。致，至也；一说推致。", "general": "河上公注：「致，至也。」王弼注：「言致虛，物之極篤。」吳澄注：「致，至之而至其極處也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「致，至也。」王弼注：「言致虚，物之极笃。」吴澄注：「致，至之而至其极处也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 4, "end": 6, "char": "守靜", "charSimp": "守静", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 6, "pinyin": "shǒu jìng", "gloss": "持守寧靜而篤厚。篤，厚也、固也。", "glossSimp": "持守宁静而笃厚。笃，厚也、固也。", "general": "河上公注：「守清靜，行篤厚。」王弼注：「守靜，物之真正也。」吳澄注：「靜謂不動……篤，力不倦也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「守清静，行笃厚。」王弼注：「守静，物之真正也。」吴澄注：「静谓不动……笃，力不倦也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "萬物", "charSimp": "万物", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "wàn wù", "gloss": "一切有生之物。", "glossSimp": "一切有生之物。", "general": "河上公注：「作，生也。萬物並生。」王弼注：「動作生長。」成玄英疏：「一切眾生并皆云為取捨。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「作，生也。万物并生。」王弼注：「动作生长。」成玄英疏：「一切众生并皆云为取舍。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "觀復", "charSimp": "观复", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "guān fù", "gloss": "觀察萬物循環往復。復，反還、反本。", "glossSimp": "观察万物循环往复。复，反还、反本。", "general": "河上公注：「觀萬物無不皆歸其本。」王弼注：「以虛靜觀其反復。」吳澄注：「復，反還也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「观万物无不皆归其本。」王弼注：「以虚静观其反复。」吴澄注：「复，反还也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "芸芸", "charSimp": "芸芸", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "yún yún", "gloss": "紛繁茂盛之貌。", "glossSimp": "纷繁茂盛之貌。", "general": "河上公注：「芸芸者，華葉茂盛之貌。」成玄英疏：「芸芸，眾多貌也。」吳澄注：「芸芸，生長而動之貌。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「芸芸者，华叶茂盛之貌。」成玄英疏：「芸芸，众多貌也。」吴澄注：「芸芸，生长而动之貌。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 6, "end": 8, "char": "復歸", "charSimp": "复归", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "fù guī", "gloss": "回復、返還。復，反也；歸，還也。根喻本始、本性。", "glossSimp": "回复、返还。复，反也；归，还也。根喻本始、本性。", "general": "王弼注：「各反其所始也。」李榮注：「根亦本也。」蘇轍注：「譬如華葉之生於根而歸於根。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「各反其所始也。」李荣注：「根亦本也。」苏辙注：「譬如华叶之生于根而归于根。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "李榮注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "李荣注", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "復命", "charSimp": "复命", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "fù mìng", "gloss": "回復性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "glossSimp": "回复性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "general": "河上公注：「復還性命。」成玄英疏：「命者真性惠命也。」蘇轍注：「命者，性之妙也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「复还性命。」成玄英疏：「命者真性惠命也。」苏辙注：「命者，性之妙也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 5, "end": 7, "char": "知常", "charSimp": "知常", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "zhī cháng", "gloss": "知道恆常之道。", "glossSimp": "知道恒常之道。", "general": "河上公注：「能知道之所常行，則為明也。」王弼注：「復命則得性命之常。」吳澄注：「常者，久而不變之謂。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「能知道之所常行，则为明也。」王弼注：「复命则得性命之常。」吴澄注：「常者，久而不变之谓。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 4, "end": 6, "char": "妄作", "charSimp": "妄作", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 6, "pinyin": "wàng zuò", "gloss": "輕舉妄動、隨境造業。", "glossSimp": "轻举妄动、随境造业。", "general": "河上公注：「妄作巧詐，則失神明而凶。」成玄英疏：「起妄心，隨境造業。」蘇轍注：「緣物而動，無作而非凶。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「妄作巧诈，则失神明而凶。」成玄英疏：「起妄心，随境造业。」苏辙注：「缘物而动，无作而非凶。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "苏辙注" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 2, "end": 3, "char": "容", "charSimp": "容", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "róng", "gloss": "包容、含容。", "glossSimp": "包容、含容。", "general": "河上公注：「無所不包容。」王弼注：「無所不包通。」御注：「心境虛靜，如彼空谷，無不含容。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「无所不包容。」王弼注：「无所不包通。」御注：「心境虚静，如彼空谷，无不含容。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 6, "end": 7, "char": "公", "charSimp": "公", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "gōng", "gloss": "公正無私。", "glossSimp": "公正无私。", "general": "河上公注：「公正無私，眾邪莫當。」王弼注：「蕩然公平。」成玄英疏：「既能包容庶物，所以公正無私。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「公正无私，众邪莫当。」王弼注：「荡然公平。」成玄英疏：「既能包容庶物，所以公正无私。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 10, "end": 11, "char": "王", "charSimp": "王", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 11, "pinyin": "wáng", "gloss": "為天下所歸往。", "glossSimp": "为天下所归往。", "general": "河上公注：「可以為天下王。」成玄英疏：「王，往也……為蒼生之所歸往。」御注：「為物所歸往。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「可以为天下王。」成玄英疏：「王，往也……为苍生之所归往。」御注：「为物所归往。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注" ] }, { "id": "n013", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 14, "end": 15, "char": "天", "charSimp": "天", "startSimp": 14, "endSimp": 15, "pinyin": "tiān", "gloss": "與天合德。", "glossSimp": "与天合德。", "general": "河上公注：「德洽神明，乃與天通。」王弼注：「同乎天也。」吳澄注：「天謂與天為一也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「德洽神明，乃与天通。」王弼注：「同乎天也。」吴澄注：「天谓与天为一也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ] }, { "id": "n014", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 18, "end": 19, "char": "道", "charSimp": "道", "startSimp": 18, "endSimp": 19, "pinyin": "dào", "gloss": "與道合同。", "glossSimp": "与道合同。", "general": "河上公注：「與道合同。」王弼注：「與天合德，體道大通。」御注：「王德如天，乃能行道。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「与道合同。」王弼注：「与天合德，体道大通。」御注：「王德如天，乃能行道。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ] }, { "id": "n015", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 24, "end": 26, "char": "沒身", "charSimp": "没身", "startSimp": 24, "endSimp": 26, "pinyin": "mò shēn", "gloss": "終身、歿身。沒，終也。", "glossSimp": "终身、殁身。没，终也。", "general": "李榮注：「沒，終也。」吳澄注：「沒猶終也。」成玄英疏：「匿端滅跡謂之沒身。」", "generalSimp": "李荣注：「没，终也。」吴澄注：「没犹终也。」成玄英疏：「匿端灭迹谓之没身。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "李榮注", "吳澄注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "李荣注", "吴澄注", "成玄英疏" ] } ], "glossary": { "致虛": "達到虛寂的極處。致，至也；一說推致。", "守靜": "持守寧靜。篤，厚也、固也。", "篤": "厚實、堅固；此指守靜之力不倦。", "萬物並作": "萬物一齊生長運作。作，生也、動也。", "觀復": "觀察萬物循環往復。復，反還、反本。", "芸芸": "紛繁茂盛之貌。", "歸根": "回歸根本。根喻本始、本性。", "復命": "回復性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "常": "恆常不變之道。", "明": "明照、明悟。", "妄作": "輕舉妄動、隨境造業。", "容": "包容、含容。", "公": "公正無私。", "王": "為天下所歸往。", "天": "與天合德。", "道": "與道合同。", "沒身": "終身、歿身。沒，終也。", "殆": "危險。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "是謂復命與靜曰復命", "text": "王弼本作「是謂復命」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之諸本並作「靜曰復命」。正文從王弼本作「是謂」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「是谓复命」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本并作「静曰复命」。正文从王弼本作「是谓」。", "headwordSimp": "是谓复命与静曰复命", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "吾以觀復與吾以觀其復", "text": "王弼、王夫之本作「吾以觀復」，無「其」字；河上公本作「吾以是觀其復」；唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源諸本並作「吾以觀其復」。正文從王弼本作「吾以觀復」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、王夫之本作「吾以观复」，无「其」字；河上公本作「吾以是观其复」；唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源诸本并作「吾以观其复」。正文从王弼本作「吾以观复」。", "headwordSimp": "吾以观复与吾以观其复", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物並作與萬物并作", "text": "王弼、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、王夫之本作「萬物並作」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、魏源本作「萬物并作」。並、并通用。正文從王弼本作「並」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、王夫之本作「万物并作」，河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、魏源本作「万物并作」。并、并通用。正文从王弼本作「并」。", "headwordSimp": "万物并作与万物并作", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "各復歸其根與各歸其根", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、呂惠卿、王夫之本作「各復歸其根」，李榮、陸希聲、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源諸本作「各歸其根」。正文從王弼本存「復」字。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、王夫之《老子衍》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、吕惠卿、王夫之本作「各复归其根」，李荣、陆希声、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源诸本作「各归其根」。正文从王弼本存「复」字。", "headwordSimp": "各复归其根与各归其根", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、王夫之《老子衍》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "公乃王與公乃全、公能王、公廼王", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、憨山、魏源本作「公乃王」，李榮本作「公能王」，吳澄本作「公廼王」，王夫之本作「公乃全」，其下又作「全乃天」。正文從王弼本作「公乃王」「王乃天」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、李榮《道德真經注》、吳澄《道德真經注》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、憨山、魏源本作「公乃王」，李荣本作「公能王」，吴澄本作「公廼王」，王夫之本作「公乃全」，其下又作「全乃天」。正文从王弼本作「公乃王」「王乃天」。", "headwordSimp": "公乃王与公乃全、公能王、公廼王", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、李荣《道德真经注》、吴澄《道德真经注》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "沒身不殆與殁身不殆", "text": "王弼、河上公、李榮、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、王夫之本作「沒身不殆」，唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲、魏源本作「殁身不殆」。沒、殁通用，皆取終盡之義。正文從王弼本作「沒」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、李榮《道德真經注》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、王夫之《老子衍》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、李荣、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、王夫之本作「没身不殆」，唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、魏源本作「殁身不殆」。没、殁通用，皆取终尽之义。正文从王弼本作「没」。", "headwordSimp": "没身不殆与殁身不殆", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、李荣《道德真经注》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、王夫之《老子衍》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k006" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "夫物芸芸與凡物、云云", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之諸本並作「夫物芸芸」；魏源校語引《釋文》一作「凡物」，又謂王弼「各」下有「復」字；唐玄宗注疏又引作「云云」。正文從王弼本作「夫物芸芸」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本并作「夫物芸芸」；魏源校语引《释文》一作「凡物」，又谓王弼「各」下有「复」字；唐玄宗注疏又引作「云云」。正文从王弼本作「夫物芸芸」。", "headwordSimp": "夫物芸芸与凡物、云云", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k007" }, { "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "王夫之底本妄手", "text": "王夫之底本「其不謂之妄手」，「手」當作「乎」，據文義校正。", "source": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王夫之底本「其不谓之妄手」，「手」当作「乎」，据文义校正。", "headwordSimp": "王夫之底本妄手", "sourceSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k008" }, { "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "李榮底本皆道從邪", "text": "李榮底本「皆道從邪」，「皆」當作「背」，據文義校正；又「觸徒妄作」之「徒」當作「塗」。", "source": "李榮《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "李荣底本「皆道从邪」，「皆」当作「背」，据文义校正；又「触徒妄作」之「徒」当作「涂」。", "headwordSimp": "李荣底本皆道从邪", "sourceSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》", "id": "k009" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "魏源底本形訛", "text": "魏源底本「復命日常」「知帶容」「夭乃道」，「日」當作「曰」，「帶」當作「常」，「夭」當作「天」，據文義校正。", "source": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "魏源底本「复命日常」「知带容」「夭乃道」，「日」当作「曰」，「带」当作「常」，「夭」当作「天」，据文义校正。", "headwordSimp": "魏源底本形讹", "sourceSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k010" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與吳澄合章", "text": "河上公題「歸根第十六」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍並題「致虛極章第十六」，魏源篇末題「右第十六章」，王夫之題「十六章」；吳澄合第十五、十六章為一章，此章內容在其本題為第十五章，篇末自題「右第十五章」。本站從通行分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》、吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "河上公题「归根第十六」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙并题「致虚极章第十六」，魏源篇末题「右第十六章」，王夫之题「十六章」；吴澄合第十五、十六章为一章，此章内容在其本题为第十五章，篇末自题「右第十五章」。本站从通行分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与吴澄合章", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》、吴澄《道德真经注》", "id": "k011" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "憨山底本補足", "text": "憨山《道德經解》大道家園轉錄止於第十五章，此章據 bookgb.bfnn.org 全本補足；其本作「沒身不殆」，與王弼本合。", "source": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "憨山《道德经解》大道家园转录止于第十五章，此章据 bookgb.bfnn.org 全本补足；其本作「没身不殆」，与王弼本合。", "headwordSimp": "憨山底本补足", "sourceSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "id": "k012" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "知常曰明與不知常妄作凶分句", "text": "王弼道藏本此二句連書，河上公、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之諸本皆分「知常曰明」與「不知常，妄作凶」為二；本站從諸本分為二句。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼道藏本此二句连书，河上公、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之诸本皆分「知常曰明」与「不知常，妄作凶」为二；本站从诸本分为二句。", "headwordSimp": "知常曰明与不知常妄作凶分句", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k013" } ], "glossarySimp": { "致虚": "达到虚寂的极处。致，至也；一说推致。", "守静": "持守宁静。笃，厚也、固也。", "笃": "厚实、坚固；此指守静之力不倦。", "万物并作": "万物一齐生长运作。作，生也、动也。", "观复": "观察万物循环往复。复，反还、反本。", "芸芸": "纷繁茂盛之貌。", "归根": "回归根本。根喻本始、本性。", "复命": "回复性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "常": "恒常不变之道。", "明": "明照、明悟。", "妄作": "轻举妄动、随境造业。", "容": "包容、含容。", "公": "公正无私。", "王": "为天下所归往。", "天": "与天合德。", "道": "与道合同。", "没身": "终身、殁身。没，终也。", "殆": "危险。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "致虛", "headwordSimp": "致虚", "pinyin": "zhì xū", "gloss": "達到虛寂的極處。致，至也；一說推致。", "glossSimp": "达到虚寂的极处。致，至也；一说推致。", "general": "河上公注：「致，至也。」王弼注：「言致虛，物之極篤。」吳澄注：「致，至之而至其極處也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「致，至也。」王弼注：「言致虚，物之极笃。」吴澄注：「致，至之而至其极处也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "致虛", "formSimp": "致虚", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "守靜", "headwordSimp": "守静", "pinyin": "shǒu jìng", "gloss": "持守寧靜而篤厚。篤，厚也、固也。", "glossSimp": "持守宁静而笃厚。笃，厚也、固也。", "general": "河上公注：「守清靜，行篤厚。」王弼注：「守靜，物之真正也。」吳澄注：「靜謂不動……篤，力不倦也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「守清静，行笃厚。」王弼注：「守静，物之真正也。」吴澄注：「静谓不动……笃，力不倦也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "守靜", "formSimp": "守静", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物", "headwordSimp": "万物", "pinyin": "wàn wù", "gloss": "一切有生之物。", "glossSimp": "一切有生之物。", "general": "河上公注：「作，生也。萬物並生。」王弼注：「動作生長。」成玄英疏：「一切眾生并皆云為取捨。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「作，生也。万物并生。」王弼注：「动作生长。」成玄英疏：「一切众生并皆云为取舍。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "萬物", "formSimp": "万物", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "觀復", "headwordSimp": "观复", "pinyin": "guān fù", "gloss": "觀察萬物循環往復。復，反還、反本。", "glossSimp": "观察万物循环往复。复，反还、反本。", "general": "河上公注：「觀萬物無不皆歸其本。」王弼注：「以虛靜觀其反復。」吳澄注：「復，反還也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「观万物无不皆归其本。」王弼注：「以虚静观其反复。」吴澄注：「复，反还也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "觀復", "formSimp": "观复", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "芸芸", "headwordSimp": "芸芸", "pinyin": "yún yún", "gloss": "紛繁茂盛之貌。", "glossSimp": "纷繁茂盛之貌。", "general": "河上公注：「芸芸者，華葉茂盛之貌。」成玄英疏：「芸芸，眾多貌也。」吳澄注：「芸芸，生長而動之貌。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「芸芸者，华叶茂盛之貌。」成玄英疏：「芸芸，众多貌也。」吴澄注：「芸芸，生长而动之貌。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "芸芸", "formSimp": "芸芸", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "復歸", "headwordSimp": "复归", "pinyin": "fù guī", "gloss": "回復、返還。復，反也；歸，還也。根喻本始、本性。", "glossSimp": "回复、返还。复，反也；归，还也。根喻本始、本性。", "general": "王弼注：「各反其所始也。」李榮注：「根亦本也。」蘇轍注：「譬如華葉之生於根而歸於根。」", "generalSimp": "王弼注：「各反其所始也。」李荣注：「根亦本也。」苏辙注：「譬如华叶之生于根而归于根。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "李榮注", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "李荣注", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "復歸", "formSimp": "复归", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "復命", "headwordSimp": "复命", "pinyin": "fù mìng", "gloss": "回復性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "glossSimp": "回复性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "general": "河上公注：「復還性命。」成玄英疏：「命者真性惠命也。」蘇轍注：「命者，性之妙也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「复还性命。」成玄英疏：「命者真性惠命也。」苏辙注：「命者，性之妙也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "復命", "formSimp": "复命", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "知常", "headwordSimp": "知常", "pinyin": "zhī cháng", "gloss": "知道恆常之道。", "glossSimp": "知道恒常之道。", "general": "河上公注：「能知道之所常行，則為明也。」王弼注：「復命則得性命之常。」吳澄注：「常者，久而不變之謂。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「能知道之所常行，则为明也。」王弼注：「复命则得性命之常。」吴澄注：「常者，久而不变之谓。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "知常", "formSimp": "知常", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s005", "s006", "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005", "s006", "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "妄作", "headwordSimp": "妄作", "pinyin": "wàng zuò", "gloss": "輕舉妄動、隨境造業。", "glossSimp": "轻举妄动、随境造业。", "general": "河上公注：「妄作巧詐，則失神明而凶。」成玄英疏：「起妄心，隨境造業。」蘇轍注：「緣物而動，無作而非凶。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「妄作巧诈，则失神明而凶。」成玄英疏：「起妄心，随境造业。」苏辙注：「缘物而动，无作而非凶。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "蘇轍注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "苏辙注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "妄作", "formSimp": "妄作", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "容", "headwordSimp": "容", "pinyin": "róng", "gloss": "包容、含容。", "glossSimp": "包容、含容。", "general": "河上公注：「無所不包容。」王弼注：「無所不包通。」御注：「心境虛靜，如彼空谷，無不含容。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「无所不包容。」王弼注：「无所不包通。」御注：「心境虚静，如彼空谷，无不含容。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "容", "formSimp": "容", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "公", "headwordSimp": "公", "pinyin": "gōng", "gloss": "公正無私。", "glossSimp": "公正无私。", "general": "河上公注：「公正無私，眾邪莫當。」王弼注：「蕩然公平。」成玄英疏：「既能包容庶物，所以公正無私。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「公正无私，众邪莫当。」王弼注：「荡然公平。」成玄英疏：「既能包容庶物，所以公正无私。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "公", "formSimp": "公", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "王", "headwordSimp": "王", "pinyin": "wáng", "gloss": "為天下所歸往。", "glossSimp": "为天下所归往。", "general": "河上公注：「可以為天下王。」成玄英疏：「王，往也……為蒼生之所歸往。」御注：「為物所歸往。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「可以为天下王。」成玄英疏：「王，往也……为苍生之所归往。」御注：「为物所归往。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "王", "formSimp": "王", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 13, "id": "n013", "noteId": "n013", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "天", "headwordSimp": "天", "pinyin": "tiān", "gloss": "與天合德。", "glossSimp": "与天合德。", "general": "河上公注：「德洽神明，乃與天通。」王弼注：「同乎天也。」吳澄注：「天謂與天為一也。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「德洽神明，乃与天通。」王弼注：「同乎天也。」吴澄注：「天谓与天为一也。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吳澄注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "吴澄注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "天", "formSimp": "天", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 14, "id": "n014", "noteId": "n014", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "道", "headwordSimp": "道", "pinyin": "dào", "gloss": "與道合同。", "glossSimp": "与道合同。", "general": "河上公注：「與道合同。」王弼注：「與天合德，體道大通。」御注：「王德如天，乃能行道。」", "generalSimp": "河上公注：「与道合同。」王弼注：「与天合德，体道大通。」御注：「王德如天，乃能行道。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注" ], "forms": [ { "form": "道", "formSimp": "道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 15, "id": "n015", "noteId": "n015", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "沒身", "headwordSimp": "没身", "pinyin": "mò shēn", "gloss": "終身、歿身。沒，終也。", "glossSimp": "终身、殁身。没，终也。", "general": "李榮注：「沒，終也。」吳澄注：「沒猶終也。」成玄英疏：「匿端滅跡謂之沒身。」", "generalSimp": "李荣注：「没，终也。」吴澄注：「没犹终也。」成玄英疏：「匿端灭迹谓之没身。」", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "李榮注", "吳澄注", "成玄英疏" ], "refsSimp": [ "李荣注", "吴澄注", "成玄英疏" ], "forms": [ { "form": "沒身", "formSimp": "没身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 16, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "致虛", "headwordSimp": "致虚", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "達到虛寂的極處。致，至也；一說推致。", "glossSimp": "达到虚寂的极处。致，至也；一说推致。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "致虛", "formSimp": "致虚", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "守靜", "headwordSimp": "守静", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "持守寧靜。篤，厚也、固也。", "glossSimp": "持守宁静。笃，厚也、固也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "守靜", "formSimp": "守静", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "篤", "headwordSimp": "笃", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "厚實、堅固；此指守靜之力不倦。", "glossSimp": "厚实、坚固；此指守静之力不倦。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "篤", "formSimp": "笃", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物並作", "headwordSimp": "万物并作", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "萬物一齊生長運作。作，生也、動也。", "glossSimp": "万物一齐生长运作。作，生也、动也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "萬物並作", "formSimp": "万物并作", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "觀復", "headwordSimp": "观复", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "觀察萬物循環往復。復，反還、反本。", "glossSimp": "观察万物循环往复。复，反还、反本。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "觀復", "formSimp": "观复", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "芸芸", "headwordSimp": "芸芸", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "紛繁茂盛之貌。", "glossSimp": "纷繁茂盛之貌。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "芸芸", "formSimp": "芸芸", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "歸根", "headwordSimp": "归根", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "回歸根本。根喻本始、本性。", "glossSimp": "回归根本。根喻本始、本性。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "歸根", "formSimp": "归根", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "復命", "headwordSimp": "复命", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "回復性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "glossSimp": "回复性命之本。命，真性、慧命。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "復命", "formSimp": "复命", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "常", "headwordSimp": "常", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "恆常不變之道。", "glossSimp": "恒常不变之道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "常", "formSimp": "常", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s005", "s006", "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005", "s006", "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "明", "headwordSimp": "明", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "明照、明悟。", "glossSimp": "明照、明悟。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "明", "formSimp": "明", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "妄作", "headwordSimp": "妄作", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "輕舉妄動、隨境造業。", "glossSimp": "轻举妄动、随境造业。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "妄作", "formSimp": "妄作", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "容", "headwordSimp": "容", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "包容、含容。", "glossSimp": "包容、含容。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "容", "formSimp": "容", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "公", "headwordSimp": "公", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "公正無私。", "glossSimp": "公正无私。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "公", "formSimp": "公", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "王", "headwordSimp": "王", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "為天下所歸往。", "glossSimp": "为天下所归往。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "王", "formSimp": "王", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 30, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "天", "headwordSimp": "天", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "與天合德。", "glossSimp": "与天合德。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天", "formSimp": "天", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 31, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "道", "headwordSimp": "道", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "與道合同。", "glossSimp": "与道合同。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道", "formSimp": "道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 32, "id": "g017", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "沒身", "headwordSimp": "没身", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "終身、歿身。沒，終也。", "glossSimp": "终身、殁身。没，终也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "沒身", "formSimp": "没身", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 33, "id": "g018", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "殆", "headwordSimp": "殆", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "危險。", "glossSimp": "危险。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "殆", "formSimp": "殆", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第十六章七句的十二至十四家對照。嚴遵道經原卷缺卷一至六，此章僅存「萬物並作」下「始於無為」、「歸根曰靜」下「天地反復」、「不知常」下「失道之人」三條輯文，故僅見於第二、三、四組；其餘河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之十二家七組皆備。末二組同屬第七句，分觀「知常容」至「天乃道」與「道乃久」「沒身不殆」二義。", "concepts": [ { "id": "zhi-xu-shou-jing", "name": "致虛極，守靜篤", "nameTrad": "致虛極，守靜篤", "question": "「致虛」何以必「極」，「守靜」何以必「篤」？此二者是工夫還是境界？", "questionTrad": "「致虛」何以必「極」，「守靜」何以必「篤」？此二者是工夫還是境界？", "intro": "首句標舉體道工夫。河上公以致為至，捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚；王弼以致虛為物之極篤、守靜為物之真正；成玄英以致為得、虛極為道果、篤為中，靜心守一而中道可得；唐玄宗以虛極為妙本，絕棄塵境、守雌靜篤厚則虛極自致，御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛申之；李榮謂性靜行清、守厚可得虛極；陸希聲以致虛妙極為德之用、守靜專篤為道之體；呂惠卿謂致虛不極、守靜不篤則非不盈之至；蘇轍謂致虛不極則有未亡、守靜不篤則動未亡；吳澄以致為至其極處、虛為無物、守為固內禦外、靜為不動、篤為力不倦；憨山謂推窮萬物本來不有、心體本來不動；魏源以致虛為無欲、篤為固；王夫之辨擊實邀虛、取動執靜，不邀不執乃極乃篤。嚴遵此句無輯文。", "introTrad": "首句標舉體道工夫。河上公以致為至，捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚；王弼以致虛為物之極篤、守靜為物之真正；成玄英以致為得、虛極為道果、篤為中，靜心守一而中道可得；唐玄宗以虛極為妙本，絕棄塵境、守雌靜篤厚則虛極自致，御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛申之；李榮謂性靜行清、守厚可得虛極；陸希聲以致虛妙極為德之用、守靜專篤為道之體；呂惠卿謂致虛不極、守靜不篤則非不盈之至；蘇轍謂致虛不極則有未亡、守靜不篤則動未亡；吳澄以致為至其極處、虛為無物、守為固內禦外、靜為不動、篤為力不倦；憨山謂推窮萬物本來不有、心體本來不動；魏源以致虛為無欲、篤為固；王夫之辨擊實邀虛、取動執靜，不邀不執乃極乃篤。嚴遵此句無輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "致，至也；捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚，則至虛極。", "thesisTrad": "致，至也；捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚，則至虛極。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "致，至也；捐情去欲、五藏清静，守清静、行笃厚，则至虚极。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "致虛為物之極篤，守靜為物之真正。", "thesisTrad": "致虛為物之極篤，守靜為物之真正。", "noteIds": [ "c008" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "致虚为物之极笃，守静为物之真正。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "致，得也；虛極為道果，篤為中；靜心守一，中道可得。", "thesisTrad": "致，得也；虛極為道果，篤為中；靜心守一，中道可得。", "noteIds": [ "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "致，得也；虚极为道果，笃为中；静心守一，中道可得。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "虛極為妙本；絕棄塵境、守雌靜篤厚，則虛極自致。御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛申之。", "thesisTrad": "虛極為妙本；絕棄塵境、守雌靜篤厚，則虛極自致。御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛申之。", "noteIds": [ "c022", "c029" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "虚极为妙本；绝弃尘境、守雌静笃厚，则虚极自致。御疏以真性离散、守静致虚申之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "性靜而貞，行清而遠；守之厚者，可得虛極之道。", "thesisTrad": "性靜而貞，行清而遠；守之厚者，可得虛極之道。", "noteIds": [ "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "性静而贞，行清而远；守之厚者，可得虚极之道。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "致虛妙極為德之用，守靜專篤為道之體。", "thesisTrad": "致虛妙極為德之用，守靜專篤為道之體。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "致虚妙极为德之用，守静专笃为道之体。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "致虛不極、守靜不篤，則非不盈之至。", "thesisTrad": "致虛不極、守靜不篤，則非不盈之至。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "致虚不极、守静不笃，则非不盈之至。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "致虛不極則有未亡，守靜不篤則動未亡。", "thesisTrad": "致虛不極則有未亡，守靜不篤則動未亡。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "致虚不极则有未亡，守静不笃则动未亡。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "致為至其極處，虛為無物，守為固內禦外，靜為不動，篤為力不倦。", "thesisTrad": "致為至其極處，虛為無物，守為固內禦外，靜為不動，篤為力不倦。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "致为至其极处，虚为无物，守为固内御外，静为不动，笃为力不倦。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "推窮萬物本來不有，心體本來不動；致虛要極，守靜要篤。", "thesisTrad": "推窮萬物本來不有，心體本來不動；致虛要極，守靜要篤。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "推穷万物本来不有，心体本来不动；致虚要极，守静要笃。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "致者至其極，虛者無欲，無欲則靜，篤者固也。", "thesisTrad": "致者至其極，虛者無欲，無欲則靜，篤者固也。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "致者至其极，虚者无欲，无欲则静，笃者固也。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "最下擊實，其次邀虛；最下取動，其次執靜；不邀不執，乃極乃篤。", "thesisTrad": "最下擊實，其次邀虛；最下取動，其次執靜；不邀不執，乃極乃篤。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "最下击实，其次邀虚；最下取动，其次执静；不邀不执，乃极乃笃。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以致為至，捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚。", "textTrad": "河上公以致為至，捐情去欲、五藏清靜，守清靜、行篤厚。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以致为至，捐情去欲、五藏清静，守清静、行笃厚。" }, { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以致虛為物之極篤，守靜為物之真正。", "textTrad": "王弼以致虛為物之極篤，守靜為物之真正。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以致虚为物之极笃，守静为物之真正。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以致為得、虛極為道果、篤為中，靜心守一。", "textTrad": "成玄英以致為得、虛極為道果、篤為中，靜心守一。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以致为得、虚极为道果、笃为中，静心守一。" }, { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以虛極為妙本，守雌靜篤厚則虛極自致。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以虛極為妙本，守雌靜篤厚則虛極自致。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以虚极为妙本，守雌静笃厚则虚极自致。" }, { "noteId": "c029", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛，明虛極妙本自致於身。", "textTrad": "御疏以真性離散、守靜致虛，明虛極妙本自致於身。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以真性离散、守静致虚，明虚极妙本自致于身。" }, { "noteId": "c039", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂性靜行清，守厚者可得虛極之道。", "textTrad": "李榮謂性靜行清，守厚者可得虛極之道。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓性静行清，守厚者可得虚极之道。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以致虛妙極為德之用，守靜專篤為道之體。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以致虛妙極為德之用，守靜專篤為道之體。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以致虚妙极为德之用，守静专笃为道之体。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂致虛不極、守靜不篤，則非不盈之至。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂致虛不極、守靜不篤，則非不盈之至。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓致虚不极、守静不笃，则非不盈之至。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂致虛不極則有未亡，守靜不篤則動未亡。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂致虛不極則有未亡，守靜不篤則動未亡。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓致虚不极则有未亡，守静不笃则动未亡。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以致為至其極處，虛為無物，守為固內禦外，篤為力不倦。", "textTrad": "吳澄以致為至其極處，虛為無物，守為固內禦外，篤為力不倦。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以致为至其极处，虚为无物，守为固内御外，笃为力不倦。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂推窮萬物本來不有，心體本來不動，故致虛要極、守靜要篤。", "textTrad": "憨山謂推窮萬物本來不有，心體本來不動，故致虛要極、守靜要篤。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓推穷万物本来不有，心体本来不动，故致虚要极、守静要笃。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以致虛為無欲、篤為固，虛極則守靜自篤。", "textTrad": "魏源以致虛為無欲、篤為固，虛極則守靜自篤。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以致虚为无欲、笃为固，虚极则守静自笃。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之辨擊實邀虛、取動執靜，不邀不執乃極乃篤。", "textTrad": "王夫之辨擊實邀虛、取動執靜，不邀不執乃極乃篤。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之辨击实邀虚、取动执静，不邀不执乃极乃笃。" } ], "nameSimp": "致虚极，守静笃", "questionSimp": "「致虚」何以必「极」，「守静」何以必「笃」？此二者是工夫还是境界？", "introSimp": "首句标举体道工夫。河上公以致为至，捐情去欲、五藏清静，守清静、行笃厚；王弼以致虚为物之极笃、守静为物之真正；成玄英以致为得、虚极为道果、笃为中，静心守一而中道可得；唐玄宗以虚极为妙本，绝弃尘境、守雌静笃厚则虚极自致，御疏以真性离散、守静致虚申之；李荣谓性静行清、守厚可得虚极；陆希声以致虚妙极为德之用、守静专笃为道之体；吕惠卿谓致虚不极、守静不笃则非不盈之至；苏辙谓致虚不极则有未亡、守静不笃则动未亡；吴澄以致为至其极处、虚为无物、守为固内御外、静为不动、笃为力不倦；憨山谓推穷万物本来不有、心体本来不动；魏源以致虚为无欲、笃为固；王夫之辨击实邀虚、取动执静，不邀不执乃极乃笃。严遵此句无辑文。" }, { "id": "wan-wu-bing-zuo", "name": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "nameTrad": "萬物並作，吾以觀復", "question": "「觀復」所觀者何？何以必在「萬物並作」之時觀之？", "questionTrad": "「觀復」所觀者何？何以必在「萬物並作」之時觀之？", "intro": "次句言觀復之功。河上公以作為生，萬物並生，觀其無不歸本；王弼以動作生長，以虛靜觀其反復，凡有起於虛、動起於靜，卒復歸於虛靜；成玄英以作、動用，眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本，雖動不動；唐玄宗謂觀萬物動作云為及其歸復常在於靜，御疏引《易》「雷在地中，復」；嚴遵謂始於無為、動於無形、發於時和；李榮謂常人逐末、聖人抑末崇本；陸希聲謂其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復；呂惠卿謂以虛靜之至見作與芸芸在我而不在彼；蘇轍謂極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂；吳澄以作為動，復為反還初靜；憨山謂萬物暫有、當體全無，觀復即心不妄動；魏源謂觀復即觀徼，知作者皆妄、靜者為常；王夫之謂萬物並作而芸芸者勢盡反其所自來，其道不用作而用觀。河上公、唐玄宗等有「其」字，正文從王弼。", "introTrad": "次句言觀復之功。河上公以作為生，萬物並生，觀其無不歸本；王弼以動作生長，以虛靜觀其反復，凡有起於虛、動起於靜，卒復歸於虛靜；成玄英以作、動用，眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本，雖動不動；唐玄宗謂觀萬物動作云為及其歸復常在於靜，御疏引《易》「雷在地中，復」；嚴遵謂始於無為、動於無形、發於時和；李榮謂常人逐末、聖人抑末崇本；陸希聲謂其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復；呂惠卿謂以虛靜之至見作與芸芸在我而不在彼；蘇轍謂極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂；吳澄以作為動，復為反還初靜；憨山謂萬物暫有、當體全無，觀復即心不妄動；魏源謂觀復即觀徼，知作者皆妄、靜者為常；王夫之謂萬物並作而芸芸者勢盡反其所自來，其道不用作而用觀。河上公、唐玄宗等有「其」字，正文從王弼。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "作，生也；觀萬物無不皆歸其本，人當重其本。", "thesisTrad": "作，生也；觀萬物無不皆歸其本，人當重其本。", "noteIds": [ "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "作，生也；观万物无不皆归其本，人当重其本。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "以虛靜觀萬物反復；凡有起於虛、動起於靜，卒復歸於虛靜。", "thesisTrad": "以虛靜觀萬物反復；凡有起於虛、動起於靜，卒復歸於虛靜。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "以虚静观万物反复；凡有起于虚、动起于静，卒复归于虚静。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "作，動用也；眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本，雖動不動。", "thesisTrad": "作，動用也；眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本，雖動不動。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "作，动用也；众生云为取舍，圣智观之悉复妙本，虽动不动。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "觀萬物動作云為及其歸復，常在於靜。御疏引《易》雷在地中為復。", "thesisTrad": "觀萬物動作云為及其歸復，常在於靜。御疏引《易》雷在地中為復。", "noteIds": [ "c023", "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "观万物动作云为及其归复，常在于静。御疏引《易》雷在地中为复。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "始於無為，動於無形，發於時和，以遂成功。", "thesisTrad": "始於無為，動於無形，發於時和，以遂成功。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "始于无为，动于无形，发于时和，以遂成功。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "常人逐末，聖人抑末崇本，反澆還朴。", "thesisTrad": "常人逐末，聖人抑末崇本，反澆還朴。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "常人逐末，圣人抑末崇本，反浇还朴。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復。", "thesisTrad": "其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "其用无方故万物并作，其体湛然以观其复。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "以虛靜之至，見作與芸芸在我而不在彼。", "thesisTrad": "以虛靜之至，見作與芸芸在我而不在彼。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "以虚静之至，见作与芸芸在我而不在彼。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂。", "thesisTrad": "極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "极虚笃静以观万物之变，不为变所乱。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "作為動，復為反還初靜；物生由靜而動，故反還其初之靜為復。", "thesisTrad": "作為動，復為反還初靜；物生由靜而動，故反還其初之靜為復。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "作为动，复为反还初静；物生由静而动，故反还其初之静为复。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "萬物暫有、當體全無；觀復即心不妄動。", "thesisTrad": "萬物暫有、當體全無；觀復即心不妄動。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "万物暂有、当体全无；观复即心不妄动。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "觀復即觀徼；知作者皆妄、靜者為常。", "thesisTrad": "觀復即觀徼；知作者皆妄、靜者為常。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "观复即观徼；知作者皆妄、静者为常。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來；其道不用作而用觀。", "thesisTrad": "芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來；其道不用作而用觀。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "芸芸者势尽而反其所自来；其道不用作而用观。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c002", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以作為生，觀萬物無不皆歸其本。", "textTrad": "河上公以作為生，觀萬物無不皆歸其本。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以作为生，观万物无不皆归其本。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以虛靜觀反復，明萬物雖並動作而卒歸虛靜。", "textTrad": "王弼以虛靜觀反復，明萬物雖並動作而卒歸虛靜。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以虚静观反复，明万物虽并动作而卒归虚静。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂眾生云為取捨，聖智觀之悉復妙本。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓众生云为取舍，圣智观之悉复妙本。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂觀萬物動作云為及其歸復，常在於靜。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂觀萬物動作云為及其歸復，常在於靜。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓观万物动作云为及其归复，常在于静。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏引《易》雷在地中為復，明靜則歸復、動則失本。", "textTrad": "御疏引《易》雷在地中為復，明靜則歸復、動則失本。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏引《易》雷在地中为复，明静则归复、动则失本。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵謂始於無為、動於無形、發於時和。", "textTrad": "嚴遵謂始於無為、動於無形、發於時和。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵谓始于无为、动于无形、发于时和。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂常人逐末、聖人抑末崇本。", "textTrad": "李榮謂常人逐末、聖人抑末崇本。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓常人逐末、圣人抑末崇本。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂其用無方故萬物並作，其體湛然以觀其復。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓其用无方故万物并作，其体湛然以观其复。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂以虛靜之至，見作與芸芸在我而不在彼。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂以虛靜之至，見作與芸芸在我而不在彼。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓以虚静之至，见作与芸芸在我而不在彼。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂極虛篤靜以觀萬物之變，不為變所亂。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓极虚笃静以观万物之变，不为变所乱。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以作為動、復為反還初靜。", "textTrad": "吳澄以作為動、復為反還初靜。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以作为动、复为反还初静。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂萬物當體全無，觀復即心不妄動。", "textTrad": "憨山謂萬物當體全無，觀復即心不妄動。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓万物当体全无，观复即心不妄动。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂觀復即觀徼，知作者皆妄、靜者為常。", "textTrad": "魏源謂觀復即觀徼，知作者皆妄、靜者為常。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓观复即观徼，知作者皆妄、静者为常。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來，其道不用作而用觀。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來，其道不用作而用觀。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓芸芸者势尽而反其所自来，其道不用作而用观。" } ], "nameSimp": "万物并作，吾以观复", "questionSimp": "「观复」所观者何？何以必在「万物并作」之时观之？", "introSimp": "次句言观复之功。河上公以作为生，万物并生，观其无不归本；王弼以动作生长，以虚静观其反复，凡有起于虚、动起于静，卒复归于虚静；成玄英以作、动用，众生云为取舍，圣智观之悉复妙本，虽动不动；唐玄宗谓观万物动作云为及其归复常在于静，御疏引《易》「雷在地中，复」；严遵谓始于无为、动于无形、发于时和；李荣谓常人逐末、圣人抑末崇本；陆希声谓其用无方故万物并作，其体湛然以观其复；吕惠卿谓以虚静之至见作与芸芸在我而不在彼；苏辙谓极虚笃静以观万物之变，不为变所乱；吴澄以作为动，复为反还初静；憨山谓万物暂有、当体全无，观复即心不妄动；魏源谓观复即观徼，知作者皆妄、静者为常；王夫之谓万物并作而芸芸者势尽反其所自来，其道不用作而用观。河上公、唐玄宗等有「其」字，正文从王弼。" }, { "id": "gui-gen-fu-ming", "name": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根／歸根曰靜，靜曰復命", "nameTrad": "夫物芸芸，各復歸其根／歸根曰靜，靜曰復命", "question": "「歸根」何以謂之「靜」？「復命」之「命」所指為何？", "questionTrad": "「歸根」何以謂之「靜」？「復命」之「命」所指為何？", "intro": "第三、四句言歸根復命。河上公以芸芸為華葉茂盛，萬物枯落反復其根而更生，靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死，復還性命便不死；王弼謂各反其所始，歸根則靜，靜則復命；成玄英以芸芸為眾多，眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照，命為真性惠命；唐玄宗謂華葉芸芸、生性歸根則靜止，人能歸根至靜即復所稟性命，御疏以根為所受氣而生、歸根故復命；嚴遵謂天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本，復則神明得位；李榮謂物亦人、根亦本，一心攀緣萬境故芸芸，反本寂然；陸希聲謂復則歸根、庶事歸理，情復於性、動復於靜，窮理盡性以至於命；呂惠卿謂歸根曰靜、靜曰復命，命者所受以生；蘇轍謂萬物皆作於性、皆復於性，歸根然後為靜，命者性之妙；吳澄以芸芸為生長而動，春夏動、秋冬靜，天以此氣生而為物者曰命，復於初生之處故曰復命；憨山謂物我兩忘、寂然不動，命乃自性；魏源引蘇說，謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常；王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。嚴遵此組有輯文。", "introTrad": "第三、四句言歸根復命。河上公以芸芸為華葉茂盛，萬物枯落反復其根而更生，靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死，復還性命便不死；王弼謂各反其所始，歸根則靜，靜則復命；成玄英以芸芸為眾多，眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照，命為真性惠命；唐玄宗謂華葉芸芸、生性歸根則靜止，人能歸根至靜即復所稟性命，御疏以根為所受氣而生、歸根故復命；嚴遵謂天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本，復則神明得位；李榮謂物亦人、根亦本，一心攀緣萬境故芸芸，反本寂然；陸希聲謂復則歸根、庶事歸理，情復於性、動復於靜，窮理盡性以至於命；呂惠卿謂歸根曰靜、靜曰復命，命者所受以生；蘇轍謂萬物皆作於性、皆復於性，歸根然後為靜，命者性之妙；吳澄以芸芸為生長而動，春夏動、秋冬靜，天以此氣生而為物者曰命，復於初生之處故曰復命；憨山謂物我兩忘、寂然不動，命乃自性；魏源引蘇說，謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常；王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。嚴遵此組有輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "芸芸為華葉茂盛；萬物枯落反復其根而更生；靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死；復還性命便不死。", "thesisTrad": "芸芸為華葉茂盛；萬物枯落反復其根而更生；靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死；復還性命便不死。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c004" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "芸芸为华叶茂盛；万物枯落反复其根而更生；静谓根，安静柔弱故不复死；复还性命便不死。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "各反其所始；歸根則靜，靜則復命。", "thesisTrad": "各反其所始；歸根則靜，靜則復命。", "noteIds": [ "c010", "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "各反其所始；归根则静，静则复命。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "芸芸為眾多；眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照；命為真性惠命。", "thesisTrad": "芸芸為眾多；眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照；命為真性惠命。", "noteIds": [ "c017", "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "芸芸为众多；众生驰竞不息，反本归根即同圣照；命为真性惠命。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "華葉芸芸，生性歸根則靜止；人能歸根至靜即復所稟性命。御疏以根為所受氣而生。", "thesisTrad": "華葉芸芸，生性歸根則靜止；人能歸根至靜即復所稟性命。御疏以根為所受氣而生。", "noteIds": [ "c024", "c025", "c031", "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "华叶芸芸，生性归根则静止；人能归根至静即复所禀性命。御疏以根为所受气而生。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本；復則神明得位，與虛無通。", "thesisTrad": "天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本；復則神明得位，與虛無通。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "天地反复、人复寝寐、龙蛇复蛰、草木复本；复则神明得位，与虚无通。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "物亦人，根亦本；一心攀緣萬境故芸芸，反本寂然；復命則不死不生。", "thesisTrad": "物亦人，根亦本；一心攀緣萬境故芸芸，反本寂然；復命則不死不生。", "noteIds": [ "c041", "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "物亦人，根亦本；一心攀缘万境故芸芸，反本寂然；复命则不死不生。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "復則歸根，庶事歸理；情復於性，動復於靜，窮理盡性以至於命。", "thesisTrad": "復則歸根，庶事歸理；情復於性，動復於靜，窮理盡性以至於命。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "复则归根，庶事归理；情复于性，动复于静，穷理尽性以至于命。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "歸根曰靜，靜曰復命；命者所受以生。", "thesisTrad": "歸根曰靜，靜曰復命；命者所受以生。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "归根曰静，静曰复命；命者所受以生。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "萬物皆作於性、皆復於性；歸根然後為靜；命者性之妙。", "thesisTrad": "萬物皆作於性、皆復於性；歸根然後為靜；命者性之妙。", "noteIds": [ "c050", "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "万物皆作于性、皆复于性；归根然后为静；命者性之妙。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "芸芸為生長而動；春夏動、秋冬靜；天以此氣生而為物者曰命，復於初生之處故曰復命。", "thesisTrad": "芸芸為生長而動；春夏動、秋冬靜；天以此氣生而為物者曰命，復於初生之處故曰復命。", "noteIds": [ "c057" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "芸芸为生长而动；春夏动、秋冬静；天以此气生而为物者曰命，复于初生之处故曰复命。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "物我兩忘，寂然不動；命乃當人自性。", "thesisTrad": "物我兩忘，寂然不動；命乃當人自性。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "物我两忘，寂然不动；命乃当人自性。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "知作者皆妄、靜者為常，則執性命以命群文。", "thesisTrad": "知作者皆妄、靜者為常，則執性命以命群文。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "知作者皆妄、静者为常，则执性命以命群文。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。", "thesisTrad": "芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "芸芸者势尽而反其所自来。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以芸芸為華葉茂盛，萬物枯落反復其根而更生。", "textTrad": "河上公以芸芸為華葉茂盛，萬物枯落反復其根而更生。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以芸芸为华叶茂盛，万物枯落反复其根而更生。" }, { "noteId": "c004", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死，復還性命便不死。", "textTrad": "河上公以靜謂根，安靜柔弱故不復死，復還性命便不死。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以静谓根，安静柔弱故不复死，复还性命便不死。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂各反其所始。", "textTrad": "王弼謂各反其所始。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓各反其所始。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂歸根則靜，靜則復命。", "textTrad": "王弼謂歸根則靜，靜則復命。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓归根则静，静则复命。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以芸芸為眾多，眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照。", "textTrad": "成玄英以芸芸為眾多，眾生馳競不息，反本歸根即同聖照。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以芸芸为众多，众生驰竞不息，反本归根即同圣照。" }, { "noteId": "c018", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以命為真性惠命，復於真性、反於惠命。", "textTrad": "成玄英以命為真性惠命，復於真性、反於惠命。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以命为真性惠命，复于真性、反于惠命。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂華葉芸芸，生性歸根則靜止。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂華葉芸芸，生性歸根則靜止。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓华叶芸芸，生性归根则静止。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂人能歸根至靜，即復所稟性命。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂人能歸根至靜，即復所稟性命。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓人能归根至静，即复所禀性命。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以根為所受氣而生，觀萬物復歸其根而更生。", "textTrad": "御疏以根為所受氣而生，觀萬物復歸其根而更生。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以根为所受气而生，观万物复归其根而更生。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以木之稟生者根，歸根故復命；人能守靜致虛即復性命。", "textTrad": "御疏以木之稟生者根，歸根故復命；人能守靜致虛即復性命。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以木之禀生者根，归根故复命；人能守静致虚即复性命。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵謂天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本，復則神明得位。", "textTrad": "嚴遵謂天地反復、人復寢寐、龍蛇復蟄、草木復本，復則神明得位。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵谓天地反复、人复寝寐、龙蛇复蛰、草木复本，复则神明得位。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂物亦人、根亦本，一心攀緣萬境故芸芸。", "textTrad": "李榮謂物亦人、根亦本，一心攀緣萬境故芸芸。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓物亦人、根亦本，一心攀缘万境故芸芸。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂反本寂然，虛靜保其天年，是謂復命。", "textTrad": "李榮謂反本寂然，虛靜保其天年，是謂復命。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓反本寂然，虚静保其天年，是谓复命。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂復則歸根、庶事歸理，情復於性、動復於靜。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂復則歸根、庶事歸理，情復於性、動復於靜。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓复则归根、庶事归理，情复于性、动复于静。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂歸根曰靜、靜曰復命，命者所受以生。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂歸根曰靜、靜曰復命，命者所受以生。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓归根曰静、静曰复命，命者所受以生。" }, { "noteId": "c050", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂萬物皆作於性、皆復於性，如華葉生於根而歸於根。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂萬物皆作於性、皆復於性，如華葉生於根而歸於根。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓万物皆作于性、皆复于性，如华叶生于根而归于根。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂歸根然後為靜，命者性之妙。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂歸根然後為靜，命者性之妙。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓归根然后为静，命者性之妙。" }, { "noteId": "c057", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以芸芸為生長而動，春夏動、秋冬靜；復於初生之處故曰復命。", "textTrad": "吳澄以芸芸為生長而動，春夏動、秋冬靜；復於初生之處故曰復命。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以芸芸为生长而动，春夏动、秋冬静；复于初生之处故曰复命。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂物我兩忘、寂然不動，命乃當人自性。", "textTrad": "憨山謂物我兩忘、寂然不動，命乃當人自性。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓物我两忘、寂然不动，命乃当人自性。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常，則執性命以命群文。", "textTrad": "魏源謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常，則執性命以命群文。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓知作者皆妄、静者为常，则执性命以命群文。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂芸芸者勢盡而反其所自來。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓芸芸者势尽而反其所自来。" } ], "nameSimp": "夫物芸芸，各复归其根／归根曰静，静曰复命", "questionSimp": "「归根」何以谓之「静」？「复命」之「命」所指为何？", "introSimp": "第三、四句言归根复命。河上公以芸芸为华叶茂盛，万物枯落反复其根而更生，静谓根，安静柔弱故不复死，复还性命便不死；王弼谓各反其所始，归根则静，静则复命；成玄英以芸芸为众多，众生驰竞不息，反本归根即同圣照，命为真性惠命；唐玄宗谓华叶芸芸、生性归根则静止，人能归根至静即复所禀性命，御疏以根为所受气而生、归根故复命；严遵谓天地反复、人复寝寐、龙蛇复蛰、草木复本，复则神明得位；李荣谓物亦人、根亦本，一心攀缘万境故芸芸，反本寂然；陆希声谓复则归根、庶事归理，情复于性、动复于静，穷理尽性以至于命；吕惠卿谓归根曰静、静曰复命，命者所受以生；苏辙谓万物皆作于性、皆复于性，归根然后为静，命者性之妙；吴澄以芸芸为生长而动，春夏动、秋冬静，天以此气生而为物者曰命，复于初生之处故曰复命；憨山谓物我两忘、寂然不动，命乃自性；魏源引苏说，谓知作者皆妄、静者为常；王夫之谓芸芸者势尽而反其所自来。严遵此组有辑文。" }, { "id": "zhi-chang-yue-ming", "name": "復命曰常，知常曰明／不知常，妄作凶", "nameTrad": "復命曰常，知常曰明／不知常，妄作凶", "question": "「常」何以由「復命」得名？「知常」與「不知常」的分界何在？", "questionTrad": "「常」何以由「復命」得名？「知常」與「不知常」的分界何在？", "intro": "第五、六句言知常之明與失常之凶。河上公謂復命使不死乃道之常行，知常則明，不知常而妄作巧詐則失神明而凶；王弼謂復命得性命之常，常不偏不彰、無皦昧之狀溫涼之象，故知常曰明，失此則邪入乎分、物離分而凶；成玄英謂反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常，知常則智慧明照，不知則起妄心、隨境造業；唐玄宗謂守靜復命可謂有常，知守常更益明了，失常妄作則窮凶必至；嚴遵謂失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受禍、明以造殃；李榮謂有死有生故斷、不死不生故常，迷者闇、悟者明，知常信道則吉、背道從邪則凶；陸希聲謂道之所以為常者善應萬物而不為物累，知常則襲明，不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害；呂惠卿謂道能命物則常而不去，自常觀之則吉凶悔吝見乎動之微，不知常則所作不免妄；蘇轍謂復於性而後湛然常存，不以復性為明則皆世俗之智，不知復性則緣物而動、無作而非凶；吳澄謂常者久而不變，知此者明，昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生；憨山謂真常妙性即明，不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭；魏源謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常，知幾之謂明，何有妄作之凶；王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不知常則妄作凶。嚴遵此組有輯文。", "introTrad": "第五、六句言知常之明與失常之凶。河上公謂復命使不死乃道之常行，知常則明，不知常而妄作巧詐則失神明而凶；王弼謂復命得性命之常，常不偏不彰、無皦昧之狀溫涼之象，故知常曰明，失此則邪入乎分、物離分而凶；成玄英謂反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常，知常則智慧明照，不知則起妄心、隨境造業；唐玄宗謂守靜復命可謂有常，知守常更益明了，失常妄作則窮凶必至；嚴遵謂失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受禍、明以造殃；李榮謂有死有生故斷、不死不生故常，迷者闇、悟者明，知常信道則吉、背道從邪則凶；陸希聲謂道之所以為常者善應萬物而不為物累，知常則襲明，不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害；呂惠卿謂道能命物則常而不去，自常觀之則吉凶悔吝見乎動之微，不知常則所作不免妄；蘇轍謂復於性而後湛然常存，不以復性為明則皆世俗之智，不知復性則緣物而動、無作而非凶；吳澄謂常者久而不變，知此者明，昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生；憨山謂真常妙性即明，不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭；魏源謂知作者皆妄、靜者為常，知幾之謂明，何有妄作之凶；王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不知常則妄作凶。嚴遵此組有輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "復命使不死，乃道之常行；知常則明；不知常而妄作巧詐則凶。", "thesisTrad": "復命使不死，乃道之常行；知常則明；不知常而妄作巧詐則凶。", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "复命使不死，乃道之常行；知常则明；不知常而妄作巧诈则凶。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "復命得性命之常；常不偏不彰；失此則邪入乎分，故妄作凶。", "thesisTrad": "復命得性命之常；常不偏不彰；失此則邪入乎分，故妄作凶。", "noteIds": [ "c012", "c013" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "复命得性命之常；常不偏不彰；失此则邪入乎分，故妄作凶。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常；知常則智慧明照，不知則起妄心、隨境造業。", "thesisTrad": "反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常；知常則智慧明照，不知則起妄心、隨境造業。", "noteIds": [ "c019", "c020" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "反于性命、凝然湛然、不复生死故常；知常则智慧明照，不知则起妄心、随境造业。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "守靜復命可謂有常；知守常更益明了；失常妄作則窮凶必至。", "thesisTrad": "守靜復命可謂有常；知守常更益明了；失常妄作則窮凶必至。", "noteIds": [ "c026", "c027", "c033", "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "守静复命可谓有常；知守常更益明了；失常妄作则穷凶必至。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行；知以受禍，明以造殃。", "thesisTrad": "失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行；知以受禍，明以造殃。", "noteIds": [ "c038" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "失道之人废弃经常、纵其志欲、妄作凶行；知以受祸，明以造殃。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "有死有生故斷，不死不生故常；迷者闇，悟者明；知常信道則吉，背道從邪則凶。", "thesisTrad": "有死有生故斷，不死不生故常；迷者闇，悟者明；知常信道則吉，背道從邪則凶。", "noteIds": [ "c043", "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "有死有生故断，不死不生故常；迷者暗，悟者明；知常信道则吉，背道从邪则凶。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道之所以為常者，善應萬物而不為物累；知常則襲明；不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害。", "thesisTrad": "道之所以為常者，善應萬物而不為物累；知常則襲明；不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道之所以为常者，善应万物而不为物累；知常则袭明；不知救物之善而妄作则民被其害。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道能命物則常而不去；自常觀之，吉凶悔吝見乎動之微；不知常則所作不免妄。", "thesisTrad": "道能命物則常而不去；自常觀之，吉凶悔吝見乎動之微；不知常則所作不免妄。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道能命物则常而不去；自常观之，吉凶悔吝见乎动之微；不知常则所作不免妄。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "復於性而後湛然常存；不以復性為明則皆世俗之智；不知復性則緣物而動，無作而非凶。", "thesisTrad": "復於性而後湛然常存；不以復性為明則皆世俗之智；不知復性則緣物而動，無作而非凶。", "noteIds": [ "c052", "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "复于性而后湛然常存；不以复性为明则皆世俗之智；不知复性则缘物而动，无作而非凶。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "常者久而不變；知此者明；昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生。", "thesisTrad": "常者久而不變；知此者明；昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生。", "noteIds": [ "c058" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "常者久而不变；知此者明；昧者不知则不能守静而妄动以害其生。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "真常妙性即明；不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭。", "thesisTrad": "真常妙性即明；不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "真常妙性即明；不知则逐物妄生、贪欲无厌。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "知作者皆妄、靜者為常，知幾之謂明，何有妄作之凶。", "thesisTrad": "知作者皆妄、靜者為常，知幾之謂明，何有妄作之凶。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "知作者皆妄、静者为常，知几之谓明，何有妄作之凶。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知常則萬變可函；不知常則妄作凶。", "thesisTrad": "知常則萬變可函；不知常則妄作凶。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知常则万变可函；不知常则妄作凶。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂復命使不死，乃道之常行；知常則明。", "textTrad": "河上公謂復命使不死，乃道之常行；知常則明。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓复命使不死，乃道之常行；知常则明。" }, { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂不知常而妄作巧詐，則失神明而凶。", "textTrad": "河上公謂不知常而妄作巧詐，則失神明而凶。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓不知常而妄作巧诈，则失神明而凶。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂復命得性命之常，常不偏不彰，故知常曰明。", "textTrad": "王弼謂復命得性命之常，常不偏不彰，故知常曰明。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓复命得性命之常，常不偏不彰，故知常曰明。" }, { "noteId": "c013", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂失此則邪入乎分、物離分，故不知常則妄作凶。", "textTrad": "王弼謂失此則邪入乎分、物離分，故不知常則妄作凶。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓失此则邪入乎分、物离分，故不知常则妄作凶。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常，知常則智慧明照。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂反於性命、凝然湛然、不復生死故常，知常則智慧明照。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓反于性命、凝然湛然、不复生死故常，知常则智慧明照。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂不知真常則起妄心、隨境造業，所作皆凶。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂不知真常則起妄心、隨境造業，所作皆凶。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓不知真常则起妄心、随境造业，所作皆凶。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂守靜復命可謂有常，知守常者更益明了。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂守靜復命可謂有常，知守常者更益明了。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓守静复命可谓有常，知守常者更益明了。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂失常妄作，窮凶必至。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂失常妄作，窮凶必至。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓失常妄作，穷凶必至。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏謂守雌靜篤厚以致虛極，虛則復命，可謂得常。", "textTrad": "御疏謂守雌靜篤厚以致虛極，虛則復命，可謂得常。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏谓守雌静笃厚以致虚极，虚则复命，可谓得常。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏謂失常妄作可謂無常，窮凶必矣，並引《易》恒卦文。", "textTrad": "御疏謂失常妄作可謂無常，窮凶必矣，並引《易》恒卦文。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏谓失常妄作可谓无常，穷凶必矣，并引《易》恒卦文。" }, { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵謂失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受禍、明以造殃。", "textTrad": "嚴遵謂失道之人廢棄經常、縱其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受禍、明以造殃。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵谓失道之人废弃经常、纵其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受祸、明以造殃。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂有死有生故斷，不死不生故常；迷者闇，悟者明。", "textTrad": "李榮謂有死有生故斷，不死不生故常；迷者闇，悟者明。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓有死有生故断，不死不生故常；迷者暗，悟者明。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂知常信道則吉，背道從邪則凶。", "textTrad": "李榮謂知常信道則吉，背道從邪則凶。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓知常信道则吉，背道从邪则凶。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂知常則常善救物，不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂知常則常善救物，不知救物之善而妄作則民被其害。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓知常则常善救物，不知救物之善而妄作则民被其害。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂道能命物則常而不去，不知常則所作不免妄。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂道能命物則常而不去，不知常則所作不免妄。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓道能命物则常而不去，不知常则所作不免妄。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂復於性而後湛然常存，不以復性為明則皆世俗之智。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂復於性而後湛然常存，不以復性為明則皆世俗之智。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓复于性而后湛然常存，不以复性为明则皆世俗之智。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂不知復性則緣物而動，無作而非凶。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂不知復性則緣物而動，無作而非凶。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓不知复性则缘物而动，无作而非凶。" }, { "noteId": "c058", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄謂常者久而不變，昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生。", "textTrad": "吳澄謂常者久而不變，昧者不知則不能守靜而妄動以害其生。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄谓常者久而不变，昧者不知则不能守静而妄动以害其生。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂真常妙性即明，不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭。", "textTrad": "憨山謂真常妙性即明，不知則逐物妄生、貪欲無厭。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓真常妙性即明，不知则逐物妄生、贪欲无厌。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂知幾之謂明，知作者皆妄、靜者為常，何有妄作之凶。", "textTrad": "魏源謂知幾之謂明，知作者皆妄、靜者為常，何有妄作之凶。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓知几之谓明，知作者皆妄、静者为常，何有妄作之凶。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不知常則妄作凶。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不知常則妄作凶。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓知常则万变可函，不知常则妄作凶。" } ], "nameSimp": "复命曰常，知常曰明／不知常，妄作凶", "questionSimp": "「常」何以由「复命」得名？「知常」与「不知常」的分界何在？", "introSimp": "第五、六句言知常之明与失常之凶。河上公谓复命使不死乃道之常行，知常则明，不知常而妄作巧诈则失神明而凶；王弼谓复命得性命之常，常不偏不彰、无皦昧之状温凉之象，故知常曰明，失此则邪入乎分、物离分而凶；成玄英谓反于性命、凝然湛然、不复生死故常，知常则智慧明照，不知则起妄心、随境造业；唐玄宗谓守静复命可谓有常，知守常更益明了，失常妄作则穷凶必至；严遵谓失道之人废弃经常、纵其志欲、妄作凶行，知以受祸、明以造殃；李荣谓有死有生故断、不死不生故常，迷者暗、悟者明，知常信道则吉、背道从邪则凶；陆希声谓道之所以为常者善应万物而不为物累，知常则袭明，不知救物之善而妄作则民被其害；吕惠卿谓道能命物则常而不去，自常观之则吉凶悔吝见乎动之微，不知常则所作不免妄；苏辙谓复于性而后湛然常存，不以复性为明则皆世俗之智，不知复性则缘物而动、无作而非凶；吴澄谓常者久而不变，知此者明，昧者不知则不能守静而妄动以害其生；憨山谓真常妙性即明，不知则逐物妄生、贪欲无厌；魏源谓知作者皆妄、静者为常，知几之谓明，何有妄作之凶；王夫之谓知常则万变可函，不知常则妄作凶。严遵此组有辑文。" }, { "id": "rong-gong-wang-tian", "name": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道", "nameTrad": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道", "question": "由「知常」到「天乃道」，何以層層推衍？「容、公、王、天、道」是境界還是功效？", "questionTrad": "由「知常」到「天乃道」，何以層層推衍？「容、公、王、天、道」是境界還是功效？", "intro": "第七句前半言知常推擴之效。河上公謂知常則除情欲、無所不包容，包容則公正無私、眾邪莫當，公正則可為天下王，王則德洽神明、與天通，天則與道合同；王弼謂知常容則無所不包通，容乃公則蕩然公平，公乃王則無所不周普，王乃天則同乎天，天乃道則與天合德、體道大通；成玄英謂體凝常一、違順兩空故能容物，包容庶物故公正無私，作大法王為蒼生歸往，蔭覆含靈同於旻昊，合上天覆物平等、同大道生化無窮；唐玄宗謂知守真常則心境虛靜如空谷含容，含容應物、應物無心故公正，公正無私則為物歸往，群物樂推如天之覆則與天合德，王德如天乃能行道；李榮謂知常達理、量等虛空故容，正而無私，偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君臨，無心廣覆、運行以時，與天地合德、共道齊真；陸希聲謂知常則常善救物而不為物累，如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之；呂惠卿謂知常而體之則萬物與我為一故容，不內其身而私故公，大則聖、內聖外王故王，聖然後至於神故天，道所以成聖盡神故道；蘇轍謂知皆妄則雖仇讎哀憐而無所不容，彼我之情盡而無私，天下往歸，無所不懷雖天何以加之；吳澄以容為形著於外、內有養者外貌自異，公為一國之主、能保一身所有，王為天下之主、兼有天地所有，天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我；憨山謂知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物故容，廓然大公故公，得於內為聖、施於外為王，王法天、天法道；魏源謂能渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私，言其大則內聖外王，言其化則合天盡道；王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不私據善則受物之往。嚴遵此組無輯文。", "introTrad": "第七句前半言知常推擴之效。河上公謂知常則除情欲、無所不包容，包容則公正無私、眾邪莫當，公正則可為天下王，王則德洽神明、與天通，天則與道合同；王弼謂知常容則無所不包通，容乃公則蕩然公平，公乃王則無所不周普，王乃天則同乎天，天乃道則與天合德、體道大通；成玄英謂體凝常一、違順兩空故能容物，包容庶物故公正無私，作大法王為蒼生歸往，蔭覆含靈同於旻昊，合上天覆物平等、同大道生化無窮；唐玄宗謂知守真常則心境虛靜如空谷含容，含容應物、應物無心故公正，公正無私則為物歸往，群物樂推如天之覆則與天合德，王德如天乃能行道；李榮謂知常達理、量等虛空故容，正而無私，偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君臨，無心廣覆、運行以時，與天地合德、共道齊真；陸希聲謂知常則常善救物而不為物累，如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之；呂惠卿謂知常而體之則萬物與我為一故容，不內其身而私故公，大則聖、內聖外王故王，聖然後至於神故天，道所以成聖盡神故道；蘇轍謂知皆妄則雖仇讎哀憐而無所不容，彼我之情盡而無私，天下往歸，無所不懷雖天何以加之；吳澄以容為形著於外、內有養者外貌自異，公為一國之主、能保一身所有，王為天下之主、兼有天地所有，天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我；憨山謂知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物故容，廓然大公故公，得於內為聖、施於外為王，王法天、天法道；魏源謂能渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私，言其大則內聖外王，言其化則合天盡道；王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不私據善則受物之往。嚴遵此組無輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知常則除情欲、無所不包容；包容則公正無私、眾邪莫當；公正則可為天下王；王則德洽神明、與天通；天則與道合同。", "thesisTrad": "知常則除情欲、無所不包容；包容則公正無私、眾邪莫當；公正則可為天下王；王則德洽神明、與天通；天則與道合同。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知常则除情欲、无所不包容；包容则公正无私、众邪莫当；公正则可为天下王；王则德洽神明、与天通；天则与道合同。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知常容則無所不包通；容乃公則蕩然公平；公乃王則無所不周普；王乃天則同乎天；天乃道則與天合德、體道大通。", "thesisTrad": "知常容則無所不包通；容乃公則蕩然公平；公乃王則無所不周普；王乃天則同乎天；天乃道則與天合德、體道大通。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知常容则无所不包通；容乃公则荡然公平；公乃王则无所不周普；王乃天则同乎天；天乃道则与天合德、体道大通。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "體凝常一、違順兩空故能容物；包容庶物故公正無私；作大法王為蒼生歸往；蔭覆含靈同於旻昊；合上天覆物平等、同大道生化無窮。", "thesisTrad": "體凝常一、違順兩空故能容物；包容庶物故公正無私；作大法王為蒼生歸往；蔭覆含靈同於旻昊；合上天覆物平等、同大道生化無窮。", "noteIds": [ "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "体凝常一、违顺两空故能容物；包容庶物故公正无私；作大法王为苍生归往；荫覆含灵同于旻昊；合上天覆物平等、同大道生化无穷。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "知守真常則心境虛靜如空谷含容；含容應物、應物無心故公正；公正無私則為物歸往；群物樂推如天之覆則與天合德；王德如天乃能行道。", "thesisTrad": "知守真常則心境虛靜如空谷含容；含容應物、應物無心故公正；公正無私則為物歸往；群物樂推如天之覆則與天合德；王德如天乃能行道。", "noteIds": [ "c028", "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "知守真常则心境虚静如空谷含容；含容应物、应物无心故公正；公正无私则为物归往；群物乐推如天之覆则与天合德；王德如天乃能行道。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知常達理、量等虛空故容；正而無私；偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君臨；無心廣覆、運行以時；與天地合德、共道齊真。", "thesisTrad": "知常達理、量等虛空故容；正而無私；偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君臨；無心廣覆、運行以時；與天地合德、共道齊真。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知常达理、量等虚空故容；正而无私；偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君临；无心广覆、运行以时；与天地合德、共道齐真。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "知常則常善救物而不為物累；如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之。", "thesisTrad": "知常則常善救物而不為物累；如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "知常则常善救物而不为物累；如天地覆载无所私，百姓归往而戴之。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "知常而體之則萬物與我為一故容；不內其身而私故公；大則聖，內聖外王故王；聖然後至於神故天；道所以成聖盡神故道。", "thesisTrad": "知常而體之則萬物與我為一故容；不內其身而私故公；大則聖，內聖外王故王；聖然後至於神故天；道所以成聖盡神故道。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "知常而体之则万物与我为一故容；不内其身而私故公；大则圣，内圣外王故王；圣然后至于神故天；道所以成圣尽神故道。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "知皆妄則雖仇讎哀憐而無所不容；彼我之情盡而無私；天下往歸；無所不懷雖天何以加之。", "thesisTrad": "知皆妄則雖仇讎哀憐而無所不容；彼我之情盡而無私；天下往歸；無所不懷雖天何以加之。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "知皆妄则虽仇雠哀怜而无所不容；彼我之情尽而无私；天下往归；无所不怀虽天何以加之。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "容為形著於外、內有養者外貌自異；公為一國之主、能保一身所有；王為天下之主、兼有天地所有；天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我。", "thesisTrad": "容為形著於外、內有養者外貌自異；公為一國之主、能保一身所有；王為天下之主、兼有天地所有；天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我。", "noteIds": [ "c058" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "容为形著于外、内有养者外貌自异；公为一国之主、能保一身所有；王为天下之主、兼有天地所有；天谓与天为一，与天为一则道在我。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物故容；廓然大公故公；得於內為聖、施於外為王；王法天、天法道。", "thesisTrad": "知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物故容；廓然大公故公；得於內為聖、施於外為王；王法天、天法道。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "知常则天地同根、万物一体，心包含天地万物故容；廓然大公故公；得于内为圣、施于外为王；王法天、天法道。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "能渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私；言其大則內聖外王，言其化則合天盡道。", "thesisTrad": "能渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私；言其大則內聖外王，言其化則合天盡道。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "能浑一物我、外无不容、内无或私；言其大则内圣外王，言其化则合天尽道。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知常則萬變可函；不私據善則受物之往。", "thesisTrad": "知常則萬變可函；不私據善則受物之往。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知常则万变可函；不私据善则受物之往。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以知常、包容、公正、為王、通天、合道層層推衍。", "textTrad": "河上公以知常、包容、公正、為王、通天、合道層層推衍。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以知常、包容、公正、为王、通天、合道层层推衍。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以包通、公平、周普、同天、體道大通為次。", "textTrad": "王弼以包通、公平、周普、同天、體道大通為次。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以包通、公平、周普、同天、体道大通为次。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以體凝常一、違順兩空、作大法王、同於旻昊、合道生化為說。", "textTrad": "成玄英以體凝常一、違順兩空、作大法王、同於旻昊、合道生化為說。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以体凝常一、违顺两空、作大法王、同于旻昊、合道生化为说。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以心境虛靜如空谷含容，含容應物而無心故公正，公正則為物歸往，合天乃能行道。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以心境虛靜如空谷含容，含容應物而無心故公正，公正則為物歸往，合天乃能行道。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以心境虚静如空谷含容，含容应物而无心故公正，公正则为物归往，合天乃能行道。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以含容、公正、歸往、同天、行道申之，謂王德合天乃能行道。", "textTrad": "御疏以含容、公正、歸往、同天、行道申之，謂王德合天乃能行道。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以含容、公正、归往、同天、行道申之，谓王德合天乃能行道。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以知常達理、量等虛空、公正君臨、與天地合德為說。", "textTrad": "李榮以知常達理、量等虛空、公正君臨、與天地合德為說。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以知常达理、量等虚空、公正君临、与天地合德为说。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂知常則常善救物，如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂知常則常善救物，如天地覆載無所私，百姓歸往而戴之。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓知常则常善救物，如天地覆载无所私，百姓归往而戴之。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以萬物與我為一、內聖外王、成聖盡神為次。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以萬物與我為一、內聖外王、成聖盡神為次。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以万物与我为一、内圣外王、成圣尽神为次。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂知皆妄則無所不容，彼我之情盡而無私，天下往歸。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂知皆妄則無所不容，彼我之情盡而無私，天下往歸。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓知皆妄则无所不容，彼我之情尽而无私，天下往归。" }, { "noteId": "c058", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以容、公、王、天逐字訓釋，天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我。", "textTrad": "吳澄以容、公、王、天逐字訓釋，天謂與天為一，與天為一則道在我。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以容、公、王、天逐字训释，天谓与天为一，与天为一则道在我。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物，廓然大公而為王、法天。", "textTrad": "憨山謂知常則天地同根、萬物一體，心包含天地萬物，廓然大公而為王、法天。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓知常则天地同根、万物一体，心包含天地万物，廓然大公而为王、法天。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私，其大則內聖外王，其化則合天盡道。", "textTrad": "魏源謂渾一物我、外無不容、內無或私，其大則內聖外王，其化則合天盡道。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓浑一物我、外无不容、内无或私，其大则内圣外王，其化则合天尽道。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不私據善則受物之往。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂知常則萬變可函，不私據善則受物之往。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓知常则万变可函，不私据善则受物之往。" } ], "nameSimp": "知常容，容乃公，公乃王，王乃天，天乃道", "questionSimp": "由「知常」到「天乃道」，何以层层推衍？「容、公、王、天、道」是境界还是功效？", "introSimp": "第七句前半言知常推扩之效。河上公谓知常则除情欲、无所不包容，包容则公正无私、众邪莫当，公正则可为天下王，王则德洽神明、与天通，天则与道合同；王弼谓知常容则无所不包通，容乃公则荡然公平，公乃王则无所不周普，王乃天则同乎天，天乃道则与天合德、体道大通；成玄英谓体凝常一、违顺两空故能容物，包容庶物故公正无私，作大法王为苍生归往，荫覆含灵同于旻昊，合上天覆物平等、同大道生化无穷；唐玄宗谓知守真常则心境虚静如空谷含容，含容应物、应物无心故公正，公正无私则为物归往，群物乐推如天之覆则与天合德，王德如天乃能行道；李荣谓知常达理、量等虚空故容，正而无私，偏私不堪宰物、公正自可君临，无心广覆、运行以时，与天地合德、共道齐真；陆希声谓知常则常善救物而不为物累，如天地覆载无所私，百姓归往而戴之；吕惠卿谓知常而体之则万物与我为一故容，不内其身而私故公，大则圣、内圣外王故王，圣然后至于神故天，道所以成圣尽神故道；苏辙谓知皆妄则虽仇雠哀怜而无所不容，彼我之情尽而无私，天下往归，无所不怀虽天何以加之；吴澄以容为形著于外、内有养者外貌自异，公为一国之主、能保一身所有，王为天下之主、兼有天地所有，天谓与天为一，与天为一则道在我；憨山谓知常则天地同根、万物一体，心包含天地万物故容，廓然大公故公，得于内为圣、施于外为王，王法天、天法道；魏源谓能浑一物我、外无不容、内无或私，言其大则内圣外王，言其化则合天尽道；王夫之谓知常则万变可函，不私据善则受物之往。严遵此组无辑文。" }, { "id": "dao-nai-jiu", "name": "道乃久，沒身不殆", "nameTrad": "道乃久，沒身不殆", "question": "「道乃久」與「沒身不殆」是何關係？「沒身」當訓終身還是身沒？", "questionTrad": "「道乃久」與「沒身不殆」是何關係？「沒身」當訓終身還是身沒？", "intro": "第七句末言道久身安。河上公謂與道合同乃能長久，能公能王、通天合道、四者純備，則道德弘遠、無殃無咎、與天地同沒而不危殆；王弼謂窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極，無之為物水火不能害、金石不能殘，何危殆之有；成玄英謂量等太虛、無來無去、心冥至道、不滅不生故久，沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機；唐玄宗謂道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆，御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天、澤之如雨、望之如春；李榮謂道自古以固存、聖永享無期壽，沒終也，與天為期、與道同久；陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，合道之常而終身無吝；呂惠卿謂為道至於常則盡，故道乃久，久而至於沒身不殆者常之謂；蘇轍謂天猶有形、道則極矣，道外不能復進；吳澄謂道在我則與道同久，沒猶終也，殆謂損壽危身，沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保；憨山謂身雖死而道常存，殆盡也；魏源謂久而不殆者常之謂；王夫之謂觀而不作，目亦腹矣。嚴遵此組無輯文。", "introTrad": "第七句末言道久身安。河上公謂與道合同乃能長久，能公能王、通天合道、四者純備，則道德弘遠、無殃無咎、與天地同沒而不危殆；王弼謂窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極，無之為物水火不能害、金石不能殘，何危殆之有；成玄英謂量等太虛、無來無去、心冥至道、不滅不生故久，沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機；唐玄宗謂道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆，御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天、澤之如雨、望之如春；李榮謂道自古以固存、聖永享無期壽，沒終也，與天為期、與道同久；陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，合道之常而終身無吝；呂惠卿謂為道至於常則盡，故道乃久，久而至於沒身不殆者常之謂；蘇轍謂天猶有形、道則極矣，道外不能復進；吳澄謂道在我則與道同久，沒猶終也，殆謂損壽危身，沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保；憨山謂身雖死而道常存，殆盡也；魏源謂久而不殆者常之謂；王夫之謂觀而不作，目亦腹矣。嚴遵此組無輯文。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "與道合同乃能長久；能公能王、通天合道、四者純備，則道德弘遠、無殃無咎、與天地同沒而不危殆。", "thesisTrad": "與道合同乃能長久；能公能王、通天合道、四者純備，則道德弘遠、無殃無咎、與天地同沒而不危殆。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "与道合同乃能长久；能公能王、通天合道、四者纯备，则道德弘远、无殃无咎、与天地同没而不危殆。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極；無之為物水火不能害、金石不能殘，何危殆之有。", "thesisTrad": "窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極；無之為物水火不能害、金石不能殘，何危殆之有。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "穷极虚无、得道之常则不有极；无之为物水火不能害、金石不能残，何危殆之有。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "量等太虛、無來無去、心冥至道、不滅不生故久；沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機。", "thesisTrad": "量等太虛、無來無去、心冥至道、不滅不生故久；沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機。", "noteIds": [ "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "量等太虚、无来无去、心冥至道、不灭不生故久；没身不殆者匿端灭迹、应感赴机。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "道行天下乃可久享福祚；同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆。御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天。", "thesisTrad": "道行天下乃可久享福祚；同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆。御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天。", "noteIds": [ "c028", "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "道行天下乃可久享福祚；同天行道则终殁其身、长无危殆。御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道自古以固存，聖永享無期壽；沒，終也；與天為期、與道同久。", "thesisTrad": "道自古以固存，聖永享無期壽；沒，終也；與天為期、與道同久。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道自古以固存，圣永享无期寿；没，终也；与天为期、与道同久。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，合道之常而終身無吝。", "thesisTrad": "德不盈、道不傾，因弊致治，合道之常而終身無吝。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "德不盈、道不倾，因弊致治，合道之常而终身无吝。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "為道至於常則盡，故道乃久；久而至於沒身不殆者，常之謂。", "thesisTrad": "為道至於常則盡，故道乃久；久而至於沒身不殆者，常之謂。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "为道至于常则尽，故道乃久；久而至于没身不殆者，常之谓。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天猶有形，道則極矣，道外不能復進。", "thesisTrad": "天猶有形，道則極矣，道外不能復進。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天犹有形，道则极矣，道外不能复进。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道在我則與道同久；沒猶終也，殆謂損壽危身；沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保。", "thesisTrad": "道在我則與道同久；沒猶終也，殆謂損壽危身；沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保。", "noteIds": [ "c058" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道在我则与道同久；没犹终也，殆谓损寿危身；没身不殆则终此身而生长可保。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "身雖死而道常存；殆，盡也。", "thesisTrad": "身雖死而道常存；殆，盡也。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "身虽死而道常存；殆，尽也。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "久而不殆者，常之謂也。", "thesisTrad": "久而不殆者，常之謂也。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "久而不殆者，常之谓也。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "thesisTrad": "觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "观而不作，目亦腹矣。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公謂與道合同乃能長久，與天地同沒而不危殆。", "textTrad": "河上公謂與道合同乃能長久，與天地同沒而不危殆。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公谓与道合同乃能长久，与天地同没而不危殆。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼謂窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極，無之為物水火不能害。", "textTrad": "王弼謂窮極虛無、得道之常則不有極，無之為物水火不能害。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼谓穷极虚无、得道之常则不有极，无之为物水火不能害。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英謂量等太虛、不滅不生故久，沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機。", "textTrad": "成玄英謂量等太虛、不滅不生故久，沒身不殆者匿端滅跡、應感赴機。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英谓量等太虚、不灭不生故久，没身不殆者匿端灭迹、应感赴机。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗謂道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗謂道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道則終殁其身、長無危殆。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗谓道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道则终殁其身、长无危殆。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以就之如日、戴之如天、澤之如雨、望之如春申之。", "textTrad": "御疏以就之如日、戴之如天、澤之如雨、望之如春申之。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以就之如日、戴之如天、泽之如雨、望之如春申之。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮謂道自古以固存，聖永享無期壽；沒，終也，與道同久。", "textTrad": "李榮謂道自古以固存，聖永享無期壽；沒，終也，與道同久。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣谓道自古以固存，圣永享无期寿；没，终也，与道同久。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，合道之常而終身無吝。", "textTrad": "陸希聲謂德不盈、道不傾，合道之常而終身無吝。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声谓德不盈、道不倾，合道之常而终身无吝。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿謂為道至於常則盡，久而至於沒身不殆者常之謂。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿謂為道至於常則盡，久而至於沒身不殆者常之謂。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿谓为道至于常则尽，久而至于没身不殆者常之谓。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍謂天猶有形，道則極矣，道外不能復進。", "textTrad": "蘇轍謂天猶有形，道則極矣，道外不能復進。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙谓天犹有形，道则极矣，道外不能复进。" }, { "noteId": "c058", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄謂道在我則與道同久，沒猶終也，沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保。", "textTrad": "吳澄謂道在我則與道同久，沒猶終也，沒身不殆則終此身而生長可保。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄谓道在我则与道同久，没犹终也，没身不殆则终此身而生长可保。" }, { "noteId": "c059", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山謂身雖死而道常存，殆盡也。", "textTrad": "憨山謂身雖死而道常存，殆盡也。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山谓身虽死而道常存，殆尽也。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源謂久而不殆者，常之謂也。", "textTrad": "魏源謂久而不殆者，常之謂也。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源谓久而不殆者，常之谓也。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之謂觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "textTrad": "王夫之謂觀而不作，目亦腹矣。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之谓观而不作，目亦腹矣。" } ], "nameSimp": "道乃久，没身不殆", "questionSimp": "「道乃久」与「没身不殆」是何关系？「没身」当训终身还是身没？", "introSimp": "第七句末言道久身安。河上公谓与道合同乃能长久，能公能王、通天合道、四者纯备，则道德弘远、无殃无咎、与天地同没而不危殆；王弼谓穷极虚无、得道之常则不有极，无之为物水火不能害、金石不能残，何危殆之有；成玄英谓量等太虚、无来无去、心冥至道、不灭不生故久，没身不殆者匿端灭迹、应感赴机；唐玄宗谓道行天下乃可久享福祚，同天行道则终殁其身、长无危殆，御疏申以就之如日、戴之如天、泽之如雨、望之如春；李荣谓道自古以固存、圣永享无期寿，没终也，与天为期、与道同久；陆希声谓德不盈、道不倾，因弊致治，合道之常而终身无吝；吕惠卿谓为道至于常则尽，故道乃久，久而至于没身不殆者常之谓；苏辙谓天犹有形、道则极矣，道外不能复进；吴澄谓道在我则与道同久，没犹终也，殆谓损寿危身，没身不殆则终此身而生长可保；憨山谓身虽死而道常存，殆尽也；魏源谓久而不殆者常之谓；王夫之谓观而不作，目亦腹矣。严遵此组无辑文。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.865Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-16", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 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