{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-34", "no": 34, "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经", "title": "第三十四章", "titleSimp": "第三十四章", "intro": "《老子》第三十四章，河上公題「任成」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「大道汎兮章」。全章六句：首言大道汎兮、其可左右；次言萬物恃之而生而不辭、功成不名有；轉言衣養萬物而不為主、常無欲、可名於小；復言萬物歸焉而不為主、可名為大；末言以其終不自為大、故能成其大。河上公以汎為無滯，言道汎汎若浮若有若無，視之不見、說之殊離、罄無不宜，在人所用，故用周内外、左右咸得；以恃為待、辭為憚，物實資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。王弼以道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用則無所不至；萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由，天下常無欲之時萬物各得其所，若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而力使不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大；末引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」申不自為大之義。成玄英《玄德纂疏》卷九所引四條，以生化群品、至功潛被而歸功於物為不有功名；以覆育萬物而匿德藏名、泊然無形為不為主、似若微小；以道能生長、為物所歸、譬彼大海方兹虚谷而終不為物主；以體道聖人忘我存物、靜退謙柔、先物後己而成其大。唐玄宗御注以大道汎兮無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名；以功成而不名有為忘功；以愛養群材而不宰於物、於物無欲為可名於小，言不可名小；以萬物歸之而不為主為可名為大，言不可名大，非小非大故以難名；以聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業。御疏申以汎兮為無繫之貌，非陰非陽、非柔非剛，汎然無繫、能應衆象，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」；物恃以生而道不辭以為勞倦；功成不名有為忘功；愛養熟成而不為主宰、衣被萬物常無欲心；萬物歸道而道不為主，非不廣大；法道忘功、不自為尊大。李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為說，不繫者無滯於西東、玄通者寧封於左右，入毫芒而遺小、彌宇宙而忘大；物之得生皆賴大道，能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德；能所皆忘故不名有；生育普均、長而不宰故不為主，可言於小、言不小也；萬象輪迴不出無形之表，故曰歸之，可名於大、言不大也；聖人同大道之停育、齊至理以忘功，執則成小、忘則為大，不大而大故能成其大。陸希聲以大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前後；為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故其功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功；慈育萬類、長而不宰，故常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海，可名其道為大；聖人守無名之小樸、終不自以為大，故為萬物所賓而卒能成其大。呂惠卿以大道無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右；唯不居、不為主，故常無欲，常無欲則妙之至，故可名於小；萬物歸焉而不知主，則容之至，故可名於大；既大而可名於小則非大，既小而可名於大則非小，非大非小，此道所以隱於無名；聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。蘇轍以汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至；世有生物而不辭者必將名之以為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生，生而不辭、成而不有者唯道而已；大而有為大之心則小矣。吳澄以此章為其第二十九章，以汎為廣，謂如水之汎濫洋溢、道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可；恃為賴，生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言，功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功；春生之時道普徧萬物如以衣衣之、以被被之而不自為之主，此一本之散為萬殊，乃道之分而至小者，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬物反本復命、會歸于一而物亦不知其孰主之，此萬殊之合為一本，乃道之總而至大者，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也；末言聖人與天地一，道大而不自以為大，故能成其大。憨山以道大無方、聖人心與道合，故功大無外；氾者虚而無著之意，體虚無物故生物而不辭，本無我故功成而不名己有，與物同體故雖愛養萬物而不為主；其體真常以其至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小，若萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大；小大因物以名，道豈然耶；聖人忘形釋智、圖於至細、志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大。魏源以此章為其第二十九章，「萬物恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者而言、所謂用之廣，「功成不名有」指道之隱者而言、所謂體之微；惟其體之微故有衣養萬物之功而不名有，返之於無形無名、斂之不盈毫末；惟其用之廣故萬物恃之以生者咸歸往而浩浩、不知其專主，極之並育不害、其量可彌六合；常無欲、可名於小者，樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；萬物歸往、可名於大者，萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也；聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之，以是知大道非可以人力為者也；本義並引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家。王夫之以誰能以生恩天地、則誰能以死怨天地發端，謂天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，天地且然而況於道；荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，故東西無方、功名無系、賓主無適，己生貴而物生不逆；不見可欲非以窒欲，迭與為主非以辭主，彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九無此章輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章亦未列。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第二十九章。", "introSimp": "《老子》第三十四章，河上公题「任成」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「大道泛兮章」。全章六句：首言大道泛兮、其可左右；次言万物恃之而生而不辞、功成不名有；转言衣养万物而不为主、常无欲、可名于小；复言万物归焉而不为主、可名为大；末言以其终不自为大、故能成其大。河上公以泛为无滞，言道泛泛若浮若有若无，视之不见、说之殊离、罄无不宜，在人所用，故用周内外、左右咸得；以恃为待、辞为惮，物实资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮。王弼以道泛滥无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用则无所不至；万物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由，天下常无欲之时万物各得其所，若道无施于物故名于小；万物皆归之以生而力使不知其所由，此不为小故复可名于大；末引「为大于其细，图难于其易」申不自为大之义。成玄英《玄德纂疏》卷九所引四条，以生化群品、至功潜被而归功于物为不有功名；以复育万物而匿德藏名、泊然无形为不为主、似若微小；以道能生长、为物所归、譬彼大海方兹虚谷而终不为物主；以体道圣人忘我存物、静退谦柔、先物后己而成其大。唐玄宗御注以大道泛兮无系而能应物、左右无所偏名；以功成而不名有为忘功；以爱养群材而不宰于物、于物无欲为可名于小，言不可名小；以万物归之而不为主为可名为大，言不可名大，非小非大故以难名；以圣人法道忘功、终不自为光大，故能成其光大之业。御疏申以泛兮为无系之貌，非阴非阳、非柔非刚，泛然无系、能应众象，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」；物恃以生而道不辞以为劳倦；功成不名有为忘功；爱养熟成而不为主宰、衣被万物常无欲心；万物归道而道不为主，非不广大；法道忘功、不自为尊大。李荣以虚舟泛而不系、大道泛而玄通为说，不系者无滞于西东、玄通者宁封于左右，入毫芒而遗小、弥宇宙而忘大；物之得生皆赖大道，能生者不以为功、所生者不以为德；能所皆忘故不名有；生育普均、长而不宰故不为主，可言于小、言不小也；万象轮回不出无形之表，故曰归之，可名于大、言不大也；圣人同大道之停育、齐至理以忘功，执则成小、忘则为大，不大而大故能成其大。陆希声以大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前后；为万物之母故恃之以生，与天地合德故其功易成，亲之至故不谢厥德，大之极故不称有功；慈育万类、长而不宰，故常无欲以观其妙，可名其朴为小；万物归之而不为尊主，若川谷之与江海，可名其道为大；圣人守无名之小朴、终不自以为大，故为万物所宾而卒能成其大。吕惠卿以大道无乎不在，故泛兮其可左右；唯不居、不为主，故常无欲，常无欲则妙之至，故可名于小；万物归焉而不知主，则容之至，故可名于大；既大而可名于小则非大，既小而可名于大则非小，非大非小，此道所以隐于无名；圣人体道，其成其大岂自大哉。苏辙以泛兮无可无不可，故左右上下周旋无不至；世有生物而不辞者必将名之以为己有，有避物而不有者必将辞物而不生，生而不辞、成而不有者唯道而已；大而有为大之心则小矣。吴澄以此章为其第二十九章，以泛为广，谓如水之泛滥洋溢、道之广无所不在，取之左右无所不可；恃为赖，生谓春生之始，万物赖道以生而道则无言，功成谓冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功；春生之时道普徧万物如以衣衣之、以被被之而不自为之主，此一本之散为万殊，乃道之分而至小者，其可名之于小矣乎，盖不可也；冬藏之时万物反本复命、会归于一而物亦不知其孰主之，此万殊之合为一本，乃道之总而至大者，其可名之于大矣乎，盖不可也；末言圣人与天地一，道大而不自以为大，故能成其大。憨山以道大无方、圣人心与道合，故功大无外；泛者虚而无着之意，体虚无物故生物而不辞，本无我故功成而不名己有，与物同体故虽爱养万物而不为主；其体真常以其至淡无味、无可欲，故不足视、似可名于小，若万物归焉而不为主则可名为大；小大因物以名，道岂然耶；圣人忘形释智、图于至细、志与道合，终不为大，故能成其大。魏源以此章为其第二十九章，「万物恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者而言、所谓用之广，「功成不名有」指道之隐者而言、所谓体之微；惟其体之微故有衣养万物之功而不名有，返之于无形无名、敛之不盈毫末；惟其用之广故万物恃之以生者咸归往而浩浩、不知其专主，极之并育不害、其量可弥六合；常无欲、可名于小者，朴之小而可以观妙，体也；万物归往、可名于大者，万物将自宾而可以观徼，用也；圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大，而万物皆归之，以是知大道非可以人力为者也；本义并引苏辙、吕惠卿二家。王夫之以谁能以生恩天地、则谁能以死怨天地发端，谓天地与物为往来而聊以自寿，天地且然而况于道；荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，故东西无方、功名无系、宾主无适，己生贵而物生不逆；不见可欲非以窒欲，迭与为主非以辞主，彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。严遵《指归》道经原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九无此章辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章亦未列。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第二十九章。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十二家舊注。王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李榮逐句或分段分疏，蘇轍逐句作注；成玄英僅存四條；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，本站按文義分條；吳澄分段作注。嚴遵《指歸》此章無輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十二家旧注。王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李荣逐句或分段分疏，苏辙逐句作注；成玄英仅存四条；陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通释，本站按文义分条；吴澄分段作注。严遵《指归》此章无辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "slug": "34", "order": 34, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「大道汎兮，其可左右」發端，六句轉進：萬物恃之而生而不辭、功成不名有，衣養萬物而不為主、常無欲、可名於小，萬物歸焉而不為主、可名為大，末以「以其終不自為大，故能成其大」收束。十二家注疏並觀：河上公以汎為無滯、以辭為憚；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適、為大於其細；成玄英僅存四條，以匿德藏名、忘我存物為說；唐玄宗御注御疏以無繫應物、言不可名小大、法道忘功分釋；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、執則成小忘則為大立論；陸希聲以鬼神之德、川谷江海為喻；呂惠卿謂非大非小、道隱於無名；蘇轍以生而不辭成而不有唯道；吳澄分春生冬藏、以疑問之辭釋可名小大；憨山以道大無方、忘形釋智為宗；魏源本義全引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家，以觀妙觀徼分體用；王夫之謂天地與物往來、功名無系。河上公此章僅二條、成玄英僅四條，故後四句與前二句分別無注，唐玄宗「萬物恃之以生而不辭」句無御注；嚴遵無輯文、俞樾未列。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第二十九章；王弼此章注凡四條，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「大道泛兮，其可左右」发端，六句转进：万物恃之而生而不辞、功成不名有，衣养万物而不为主、常无欲、可名于小，万物归焉而不为主、可名为大，末以「以其终不自为大，故能成其大」收束。十二家注疏并观：河上公以泛为无滞、以辞为惮；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适、为大于其细；成玄英仅存四条，以匿德藏名、忘我存物为说；唐玄宗御注御疏以无系应物、言不可名小大、法道忘功分释；李荣以虚舟泛而不系、执则成小忘则为大立论；陆希声以鬼神之德、川谷江海为喻；吕惠卿谓非大非小、道隐于无名；苏辙以生而不辞成而不有唯道；吴澄分春生冬藏、以疑问之辞释可名小大；憨山以道大无方、忘形释智为宗；魏源本义全引苏辙、吕惠卿二家，以观妙观徼分体用；王夫之谓天地与物往来、功名无系。河上公此章仅二条、成玄英仅四条，故后四句与前二句分别无注，唐玄宗「万物恃之以生而不辞」句无御注；严遵无辑文、俞樾未列。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第二十九章；王弼此章注凡四条，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-34.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-34.json", "url": "/laozi/34/", "volumeId": "daojing", "volumeTitle": "道經", "volumeTitleSimp": "道经", "orderLabel": "第三十四" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗此章據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼底本作「大道汎兮，其可左右。萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有，衣養萬物而不為主。常無欲，可名於小。萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大。以其終不自為大，故能成其大」；河上公題「任成第三十四」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「大道汎兮章第三十四」，王弼本無章題。吳澄以此章為其第二十九章，魏源亦以此章為其第二十九章。諸本異文：唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引經文作「萬物恃之以生而不辭」「功成而不名有」「愛養萬物而不為主」「萬物歸之而不為主」「是以聖人終不為大」；李榮本無「常無欲」三字，又作「成功不名有」「衣被萬象」；陸希聲本作「功成而不居有」「萬物歸之」；呂惠卿本作「功成不居」「衣被萬物」「萬物歸焉而不知主」；吳澄本作「功成而不居」「萬物歸焉而不知主」。魏源校記云傅奕本「以生」作「而生」、「不名有」作「而不屑」、「衣養」作「衣被」，句末多有「矣」字。河上公此章《玄德纂疏》卷九所引僅二條，不及「功成不名有」以下四句；成玄英所引四條，不及前二句；唐玄宗「萬物恃之以生而不辭」句無御注，僅存御疏。嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九無此章輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。正文從通行王弼本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗此章据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼底本作「大道泛兮，其可左右。万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有，衣养万物而不为主。常无欲，可名于小。万物归焉而不为主，可名为大。以其终不自为大，故能成其大」；河上公题「任成第三十四」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「大道泛兮章第三十四」，王弼本无章题。吴澄以此章为其第二十九章，魏源亦以此章为其第二十九章。诸本异文：唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引经文作「万物恃之以生而不辞」「功成而不名有」「爱养万物而不为主」「万物归之而不为主」「是以圣人终不为大」；李荣本无「常无欲」三字，又作「成功不名有」「衣被万象」；陆希声本作「功成而不居有」「万物归之」；吕惠卿本作「功成不居」「衣被万物」「万物归焉而不知主」；吴澄本作「功成而不居」「万物归焉而不知主」。魏源校记云傅奕本「以生」作「而生」、「不名有」作「而不屑」、「衣养」作「衣被」，句末多有「矣」字。河上公此章《玄德纂疏》卷九所引仅二条，不及「功成不名有」以下四句；成玄英所引四条，不及前二句；唐玄宗「万物恃之以生而不辞」句无御注，仅存御疏。严遵《指归》道经原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九无此章辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。正文从通行王弼本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 6, "commentaries": 57, "charNotes": 12, "collations": 11 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「任成」，以汎為無滯，道若浮若有若無，用周内外而左右咸得；以恃為待、辭為憚，物資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引，僅二條，不及「功成不名有」以下四句。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「任成」，以泛为无滞，道若浮若有若无，用周内外而左右咸得；以恃为待、辞为惮，物资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引，仅二条，不及「功成不名有」以下四句。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章注凡四條。以道汎濫無所不適、左右上下周旋而用則無所不至；萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由，天下常無欲之時萬物各得其所，若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而力使不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大；末引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」申不自為大之義。此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章注凡四条。以道泛滥无所不适、左右上下周旋而用则无所不至；万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由，天下常无欲之时万物各得其所，若道无施于物故名于小；万物皆归之以生而力使不知其所由，此不为小故复可名于大；末引「为大于其细，图难于其易」申不自为大之义。此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷九存四條，以生化群品、歸功於物為不有功名；以覆育萬物而匿德藏名、泊然無形為不為主、似若微小；以道能生長、為物所歸、譬彼大海方兹虚谷而終不為物主；以體道聖人忘我存物、靜退謙柔、先物後己而成其大。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷九存四条，以生化群品、归功于物为不有功名；以复育万物而匿德藏名、泊然无形为不为主、似若微小；以道能生长、为物所归、譬彼大海方兹虚谷而终不为物主；以体道圣人忘我存物、静退谦柔、先物后己而成其大。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以大道汎兮無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名；功成而不名有為忘功；愛養群材而不宰於物、於物無欲則可名於小，言不可名小；萬物歸之而不為主則可名為大，言不可名大；聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業。御疏申以汎兮為無繫之貌，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」；物恃以生而道不辭以為勞倦；愛養熟成而不為主宰、衣被萬物常無欲心；萬物歸道而道不為主；法道忘功、不自為尊大。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏，「萬物恃之以生而不辭」句無御注。", "count": 11, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以大道泛兮无系而能应物、左右无所偏名；功成而不名有为忘功；爱养群材而不宰于物、于物无欲则可名于小，言不可名小；万物归之而不为主则可名为大，言不可名大；圣人法道忘功、终不自为光大，故能成其光大之业。御疏申以泛兮为无系之貌，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」；物恃以生而道不辞以为劳倦；爱养熟成而不为主宰、衣被万物常无欲心；万物归道而道不为主；法道忘功、不自为尊大。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏，「万物恃之以生而不辞」句无御注。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李注", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "生卒不詳", "color": "#4f6b7a", "desc": "唐初道士，以重玄遣執解《老》；此章以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為說，不繫者無滯於西東、玄通者寧封於左右；物之得生皆賴大道，能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德；能所皆忘故不名有；生育普均、長而不宰故不為主，可言於小、言不小也；萬象輪迴不出無形之表，故曰歸之，可名於大、言不大也；聖人同大道之停育、齊至理以忘功，執則成小、忘則為大。此章據《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》卷九所引。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "生卒不详", "descSimp": "唐初道士，以重玄遣执解《老》；此章以虚舟泛而不系、大道泛而玄通为说，不系者无滞于西东、玄通者宁封于左右；物之得生皆赖大道，能生者不以为功、所生者不以为德；能所皆忘故不名有；生育普均、长而不宰故不为主，可言于小、言不小也；万象轮回不出无形之表，故曰归之，可名于大、言不大也；圣人同大道之停育、齐至理以忘功，执则成小、忘则为大。此章据《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》卷九所引。", "shortSimp": "李注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章以整章一段作傳，以大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右；為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故其功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功；慈育萬類、長而不宰，故常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海，可名其道為大；聖人守無名之小樸、終不自以為大，卒能成其大。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章以整章一段作传，以大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右；为万物之母故恃之以生，与天地合德故其功易成，亲之至故不谢厥德，大之极故不称有功；慈育万类、长而不宰，故常无欲以观其妙，可名其朴为小；万物归之而不为尊主，若川谷之与江海，可名其道为大；圣人守无名之小朴、终不自以为大，卒能成其大。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "此章整章一傳，以大道無乎不在故汎兮其可左右；唯不居、不為主故常無欲，常無欲則妙之至故可名於小；萬物歸焉而不知主則容之至故可名於大；既大而可名於小則非大，既小而可名於大則非小，非大非小，此道所以隱於無名；聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "此章整章一传，以大道无乎不在故泛兮其可左右；唯不居、不为主故常无欲，常无欲则妙之至故可名于小；万物归焉而不知主则容之至故可名于大；既大而可名于小则非大，既小而可名于大则非小，非大非小，此道所以隐于无名；圣人体道，其成其大岂自大哉。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "此章逐句作注，以汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至；世有生物而不辭者必將名之以為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生，生而不辭、成而不有者唯道而已；大而有為大之心則小矣。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "此章逐句作注，以泛兮无可无不可，故左右上下周旋无不至；世有生物而不辞者必将名之以为己有，有避物而不有者必将辞物而不生，生而不辞、成而不有者唯道而已；大而有为大之心则小矣。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "此章為其第二十九章；分段作注，以汎為廣，謂如水之汎濫洋溢、道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可；恃為賴，生謂春生之始，功成謂冬藏之宰；春生之時道普徧萬物而不自為之主，此一本之散為萬殊，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬物反本復命、會歸于一，此萬殊之合為一本，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也；末言聖人與天地一，道大而不自以為大，故能成其大。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "此章为其第二十九章；分段作注，以泛为广，谓如水之泛滥洋溢、道之广无所不在，取之左右无所不可；恃为赖，生谓春生之始，功成谓冬藏之宰；春生之时道普徧万物而不自为之主，此一本之散为万殊，其可名之于小矣乎，盖不可也；冬藏之时万物反本复命、会归于一，此万殊之合为一本，其可名之于大矣乎，盖不可也；末言圣人与天地一，道大而不自以为大，故能成其大。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "此章整章一解，以道大無方、聖人心與道合，故功大無外；氾者虚而無著之意，體虚無物故生物而不辭，本無我故功成而不名己有，與物同體故雖愛養萬物而不為主；其體真常以其至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小，萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大；聖人忘形釋智、圖於至細、志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "此章整章一解，以道大无方、圣人心与道合，故功大无外；泛者虚而无着之意，体虚无物故生物而不辞，本无我故功成而不名己有，与物同体故虽爱养万物而不为主；其体真常以其至淡无味、无可欲，故不足视、似可名于小，万物归焉而不为主则可名为大；圣人忘形释智、图于至细、志与道合，终不为大，故能成其大。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清儒治《老》，重校勘與通義；此章為其第二十九章，本義以「萬物恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣，「功成不名有」指道之隱者、體之微；常無欲、可名於小者，樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；萬物歸往、可名於大者，萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也；聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之；並引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家，存傅奕、河上、王弼諸本異文。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清儒治《老》，重校勘与通义；此章为其第二十九章，本义以「万物恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者、用之广，「功成不名有」指道之隐者、体之微；常无欲、可名于小者，朴之小而可以观妙，体也；万物归往、可名于大者，万物将自宾而可以观徼，用也；圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大，而万物皆归之；并引苏辙、吕惠卿二家，存傅奕、河上、王弼诸本异文。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "此章整章一衍，以誰能以生恩天地、則誰能以死怨天地發端，謂天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，天地且然而況於道；荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，故東西無方、功名無系、賓主無適，己生貴而物生不逆；不見可欲非以窒欲，迭與為主非以辭主，彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "此章整章一衍，以谁能以生恩天地、则谁能以死怨天地发端，谓天地与物为往来而聊以自寿，天地且然而况于道；荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，故东西无方、功名无系、宾主无适，己生贵而物生不逆；不见可欲非以窒欲，迭与为主非以辞主，彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "大道汎兮，其可左右。", "textSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右。", "translation": "大道泛然流布，无所不在，可以向左，也可以向右。", "translationTrad": "大道泛然流布，無所不在，可以向左，也可以向右。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c003", "c011", "c012", "c022", "c028", "c033", "c038", "c041", "c046", "c053", "c055" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002" ], "key": "laozi-34:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "萬物恃之而生而不辭。", "textSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞。", "translation": "万物依靠它生长，它却不推辞这份劳苦。", "translationTrad": "萬物依靠它生長，它卻不推辭這份勞苦。", "noteIds": [ "c002", "c004", "c013", "c023", "c029", "c034", "c039", "c042", "c046", "c050", "c053", "c055" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n003", "n004" ], "key": "laozi-34:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "功成不名有。", "textSimp": "功成不名有。", "translation": "功业成就了，却不把功劳据为己有。", "translationTrad": "功業成就了，卻不把功勞據為己有。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c007", "c014", "c015", "c024", "c029", "c034", "c039", "c042", "c047", "c050", "c053", "c054" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n005", "n006" ], "key": "laozi-34:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小。", "textSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小。", "translation": "它复育万物却不做主宰，恒常没有欲求，可以称它为「小」。", "translationTrad": "它覆育萬物卻不做主宰，恆常沒有欲求，可以稱它為「小」。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c008", "c016", "c017", "c025", "c030", "c035", "c040", "c043", "c047", "c051", "c053", "c054", "c056" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n007", "n008" ], "key": "laozi-34:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大。", "textSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大。", "translation": "万物都归附于它，它却不做主宰，可以称它为「大」。", "translationTrad": "萬物都歸附於它，它卻不做主宰，可以稱它為「大」。", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c009", "c018", "c019", "c026", "c031", "c036", "c040", "c044", "c048", "c051", "c054", "c056" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n009", "n010" ], "key": "laozi-34:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大。", "textSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大。", "translation": "正因为它始终不自以为大，所以才能成就它的伟大。", "translationTrad": "正因為它始終不自以為大，所以才能成就它的偉大。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c010", "c020", "c021", "c027", "c032", "c037", "c040", "c045", "c049", "c052", "c054", "c057" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n011", "n012" ], "key": "laozi-34:s006", "n": 6 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "汎是無滯，言道汎汎，若浮若有若無，視之不見，說之殊離，罄無不宜，在人所用，故用周内外，左右咸得，故云其可左右。", "authorNote": "此章河上公注據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引；底本末句作「不可左右」，疑脱「無」字。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "泛是无滞，言道泛泛，若浮若有若无，视之不见，说之殊离，罄无不宜，在人所用，故用周内外，左右咸得，故云其可左右。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）（此章河上公注據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引；底本末句作「不可左右」，疑脱「無」字。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章河上公注据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引；底本末句作「不可左右」，疑脱「无」字。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭", "kind": "note", "text": "恃，待也。辭，憚也。物實資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚也。", "authorNote": "《玄德纂疏》卷九所引河上公注僅二條，不及「功成不名有」以下四句。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "恃，待也。辞，惮也。物实资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引河上公注僅二條，不及「功成不名有」以下四句。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "《玄德纂疏》卷九所引河上公注仅二条，不及「功成不名有」以下四句。", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "言道汎濫，無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用，則無所不至也。", "authorNote": "王弼此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "言道泛滥，无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用，则无所不至也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）（王弼此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有，衣養萬物而不為主", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由。故天下常無欲之時，萬物各得其所，若道無施於物，故名於小矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "万物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由。故天下常无欲之时，万物各得其所，若道无施于物，故名于小矣。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有，衣养万物而不为主" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物皆歸之以生，而力使不知其所由。此不為小，故復可名於大矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "万物皆归之以生，而力使不知其所由。此不为小，故复可名于大矣。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "為大於其細，圖難於其易。", "authorNote": "語出《老子》第六十三章，王弼借以申「不自為大」之義。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "为大于其细，图难于其易。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）（語出《老子》第六十三章，王弼借以申「不自為大」之義。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "语出《老子》第六十三章，王弼借以申「不自为大」之义。", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "生化群品，至功潛被，而歸功於物，故不有功名。", "authorNote": "此章成玄英疏據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引，凡四條。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "生化群品，至功潜被，而归功于物，故不有功名。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）（此章成玄英疏據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引，凡四條。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章成玄英疏据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引，凡四条。", "lemmaSimp": "功成不名有" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "衣被者，覆育也。雖覆育萬物而匿德藏名，泊然無形，故不為主，似若微小。以是聲義，言不小也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "衣被者，复育也。虽复育万物而匿德藏名，泊然无形，故不为主，似若微小。以是声义，言不小也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "道能生長，為物所歸。譬彼大海，方兹虚谷，雖物所歸，不為物主。既不為物主，可名大耶？言不可名大。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "道能生长，为物所归。譬彼大海，方兹虚谷，虽物所归，不为物主。既不为物主，可名大耶？言不可名大。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "明體道聖人，忘我存物，靜退謙柔，終不為大。只為先物後己，忘功忘大，故為眾聖之長，獨居三界之尊，而成其大也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "明体道圣人，忘我存物，静退谦柔，终不为大。只为先物后己，忘功忘大，故为众圣之长，独居三界之尊，而成其大也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "大道汎兮，無繫而能應物，左右無所偏名。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "大道泛兮，无系而能应物，左右无所偏名。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "汎兮者，無繫之貌也。言道之為物，非陰非陽，非柔非剛，汎然無繫，能應眾象，可左可右，無所偏名，故莊子曰：夫道未始有封。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "泛兮者，无系之貌也。言道之为物，非阴非阳，非柔非刚，泛然无系，能应众象，可左可右，无所偏名，故庄子曰：夫道未始有封。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭", "kind": "note", "text": "言天地萬物皆恃賴大道通生之功以全其生理，而大道生化，妙本無心，雖則物恃以生，而道不辭以為勞倦。又解云：物不辭謝於道爾。", "authorNote": "此為御疏；此句無御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言天地万物皆恃赖大道通生之功以全其生理，而大道生化，妙本无心，虽则物恃以生，而道不辞以为劳倦。又解云：物不辞谢于道尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏；此句無御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏；此句无御注。", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "言萬物恃賴沖用之道而生化，而道不辭憚以為勞，功用備成，不名己有。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言万物恃赖冲用之道而生化，而道不辞惮以为劳，功用备成，不名己有。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "功成不名有" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "功者，生成之功也。言大道生物之功備成，而不以其物為己之有。又解：道之生物，雖則功成，其功雖成，曾不名有，言忘功也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "功者，生成之功也。言大道生物之功备成，而不以其物为己之有。又解：道之生物，虽则功成，其功虽成，曾不名有，言忘功也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "功成不名有" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "愛養群材而不宰於物，於物無欲，則可名於小，言不可名小也。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "爱养群材而不宰于物，于物无欲，则可名于小，言不可名小也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "此聲解義也。云可名小者，是不可小爾。夫道生萬物，愛養熟成，而不為主宰，衣被萬物，常無欲心，豈是道之狹小耶？故云可名於小者，言不可名於小。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此声解义也。云可名小者，是不可小尔。夫道生万物，爱养熟成，而不为主宰，衣被万物，常无欲心，岂是道之狭小耶？故云可名于小者，言不可名于小。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "愛養之故，萬物歸之。有萬物不同而不為主，則可名為大，言不可名大。非小非大，故以難名矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "爱养之故，万物归之。有万物不同而不为主，则可名为大，言不可名大。非小非大，故以难名矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物歸之者，歸道生成之功也。言萬物歸道，道不為主，有此萬物棄而不收，豈是道不廣大？故云可名於大爾。既云可左可右，所以非小非大。非小非大，固難與為名。注云「有萬物不同」者，莊子文也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "万物归之者，归道生成之功也。言万物归道，道不为主，有此万物弃而不收，岂是道不广大？故云可名于大尔。既云可左可右，所以非小非大。非小非大，固难与为名。注云「有万物不同」者，庄子文也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "是以聖人法道忘功，終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "是以圣人法道忘功，终不自为光大，故能成其光大之业。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "言理天下之聖人，布德施惠，淳風偃物，化遂生成，法道忘功，不自為尊大，故能成其光大之業也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言理天下之圣人，布德施惠，淳风偃物，化遂生成，法道忘功，不自为尊大，故能成其光大之业也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "夫虚舟汎而不繫，大道汎而玄通。不繫者無滯於西東，玄通者寧封於左右。是以入毫芒而遺小，彌宇宙而忘大。影見非一，靈化難常，物無不應，何為不可也。", "authorNote": "此章李榮注據《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》卷九所引。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "夫虚舟泛而不系，大道泛而玄通。不系者无滞于西东，玄通者宁封于左右。是以入毫芒而遗小，弥宇宙而忘大。影见非一，灵化难常，物无不应，何为不可也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）（此章李榮注據《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》卷九所引。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章李荣注据《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》卷九所引。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭", "kind": "note", "text": "物之得生，皆賴大道；道則信之以獨化，物則稱之於自然。能生者不以為功，所生者不以為德，真之至理，不相辭謝也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "物之得生，皆赖大道；道则信之以独化，物则称之于自然。能生者不以为功，所生者不以为德，真之至理，不相辞谢也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "道之生物，得以生成功也。能所皆忘，故不名有也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "道之生物，得以生成功也。能所皆忘，故不名有也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "功成不名有" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "生育普均，覆載無二，衣被也。長而不宰，不為主也。可言於小，言不小也。", "authorNote": "李榮本無「常無欲」三字。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "生育普均，覆载无二，衣被也。长而不宰，不为主也。可言于小，言不小也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）（李榮本無「常無欲」三字。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "李荣本无「常无欲」三字。", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "萬象輪迴，不出無形之表；品彙終始，會依虚寂之中。故曰歸之。可名於大，言不大也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "万象轮回，不出无形之表；品汇终始，会依虚寂之中。故曰归之。可名于大，言不大也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人同大道之停育，齊至理以忘功，不滯空有之端，寧拘小大之域。必定忘於小大，故言終不為大。執則成小，忘則為大，不大而大，故言成其大也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "textSimp": "圣人同大道之停育，齐至理以忘功，不滞空有之端，宁拘小大之域。必定忘于小大，故言终不为大。执则成小，忘则为大，不大而大，故言成其大也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《道藏》本，參《玄德纂疏》所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《道藏》本，参《玄德纂疏》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "大道之用，其猶鬼神之德乎？汎汎乎可在乎左，可在乎右；洋洋乎若在乎上，若在其前後。", "authorNote": "陸希聲此章以整章一段作傳，本站按文義分條。", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "大道之用，其犹鬼神之德乎？泛泛乎可在乎左，可在乎右；洋洋乎若在乎上，若在其前后。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）（陸希聲此章以整章一段作傳，本站按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "陆希声此章以整章一段作传，本站按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "為萬物之母，故恃之以生；與天地合德，故其功易成；以其親之至，故不謝厥德；以其大之極，故不稱有功。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "为万物之母，故恃之以生；与天地合德，故其功易成；以其亲之至，故不谢厥德；以其大之极，故不称有功。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "慈育萬類，長而不宰，故常無欲以觀其妙，則可以名其樸為小。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "慈育万类，长而不宰，故常无欲以观其妙，则可以名其朴为小。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物歸之，不為其尊主，若川谷之與江海，則可以名其道為大。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "万物归之，不为其尊主，若川谷之与江海，则可以名其道为大。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "夫川谷之赴江海，受之而不厭，是未嘗自尊；天下皆歸聖人，聖人容之而不倦，是終不為大。聖人守無名之小樸，終不自以為大，所以為萬物之所賓，卒能成其大。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫川谷之赴江海，受之而不厌，是未尝自尊；天下皆归圣人，圣人容之而不倦，是终不为大。圣人守无名之小朴，终不自以为大，所以为万物之所宾，卒能成其大。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "可以左而不可以右，可以右而不可以左，在物一曲者，非大道也。大道則無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右也。", "authorNote": "呂惠卿此章以整章一段作傳，本站按文義分條。", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "可以左而不可以右，可以右而不可以左，在物一曲者，非大道也。大道则无乎不在，故泛兮其可左右也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（呂惠卿此章以整章一段作傳，本站按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "吕惠卿此章以整章一段作传，本站按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "凡物之大者，則不可名於小；小則不可名於大。是道也，以其可以左右也，故萬物恃之以生而不辭，功成不居，衣被萬物而不為主。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "凡物之大者，则不可名于小；小则不可名于大。是道也，以其可以左右也，故万物恃之以生而不辞，功成不居，衣被万物而不为主。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "夫唯不居、不為主，故常無欲；常無欲則妙之至者也，故可名於小。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫唯不居、不为主，故常无欲；常无欲则妙之至者也，故可名于小。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物歸焉而不知主，則容之至者也，故可名於大。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "万物归焉而不知主，则容之至者也，故可名于大。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "雖然，既大矣而可名於小，則非大也；既小矣而可名於大，則非小也。非大非小，此道之所以隱於無名也。然則道之所以為大也，果不在大也。聖人體道者也，則其所以能成其大者，豈自大也哉？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "虽然，既大矣而可名于小，则非大也；既小矣而可名于大，则非小也。非大非小，此道之所以隐于无名也。然则道之所以为大也，果不在大也。圣人体道者也，则其所以能成其大者，岂自大也哉？", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至也。", "authorNote": "蘇轍此章逐句作注。", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "泛兮无可无不可，故左右上下周旋无不至也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）（蘇轍此章逐句作注。）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "苏辙此章逐句作注。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "世有生物而不辭者，必將名之以為己有；世有避物而不有者，必將辭物而不生。生而不辭、成而不有者，唯道而已。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "世有生物而不辞者，必将名之以为己有；世有避物而不有者，必将辞物而不生。生而不辞、成而不有者，唯道而已。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小；萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大；以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "大而有為大之心則小矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "大而有为大之心则小矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小；万物归焉而不为主，可名为大；以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "kind": "note", "text": "汎，廣也。謂如水之汎濫洋溢，道之廣無所不在，或左或右，隨處而有，取之左右無所不可也。", "authorNote": "吳澄以此章為其第二十九章，分段作注。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "泛，广也。谓如水之泛滥洋溢，道之广无所不在，或左或右，随处而有，取之左右无所不可也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（吳澄以此章為其第二十九章，分段作注。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄以此章为其第二十九章，分段作注。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "恃，賴也。生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言，前章云「萬物作而不辭」是也。功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "恃，赖也。生谓春生之始，万物赖道以生而道则无言，前章云「万物作而不辞」是也。功成谓冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "此申言萬物恃之以生而不辭。春生之時，道普徧萬物，如以衣衣之、以被被之，所謂元亨播羣品，元亨誠之通，而道不自為之主。常無欲，謂其無心也。此一本之散為萬殊，乃道之分而至小者，其可名之於小矣乎？蓋不可也。若其可名，則非不辭、不為主、常無欲之道矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "此申言万物恃之以生而不辞。春生之时，道普徧万物，如以衣衣之、以被被之，所谓元亨播群品，元亨诚之通，而道不自为之主。常无欲，谓其无心也。此一本之散为万殊，乃道之分而至小者，其可名之于小矣乎？盖不可也。若其可名，则非不辞、不为主、常无欲之道矣。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "此申言功成而不居。冬藏之時，萬物反本復命，會歸于一，所謂利貞固靈根，利貞誠之復，而物亦不知其孰主之。此萬殊之合為一本，乃道之總而至大者，其可名之於大矣乎？蓋不可也。若其可名，則非不居功、不知主之道矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "此申言功成而不居。冬藏之时，万物反本复命，会归于一，所谓利贞固灵根，利贞诚之复，而物亦不知其孰主之。此万殊之合为一本，乃道之总而至大者，其可名之于大矣乎？盖不可也。若其可名，则非不居功、不知主之道矣。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "此章言天地之道，結語乃言聖人。蓋聖人與天地一也。歲功成而萬物歸，道之至大也，而天地不居其功，萬物不知所主，是天地之道雖大而不自以為大；聖人亦若此矣，是以能成其大也。亦以其道大而不自以為大，故能成其大焉爾。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "此章言天地之道，结语乃言圣人。盖圣人与天地一也。岁功成而万物归，道之至大也，而天地不居其功，万物不知所主，是天地之道虽大而不自以为大；圣人亦若此矣，是以能成其大也。亦以其道大而不自以为大，故能成其大焉尔。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右；萬物恃之而生而不辭", "kind": "note", "text": "此言道大無方，聖人心與道合，故功大無外，以實前侯王能守之效也。氾者，虚而無著之意。以道大無方，體虚而無系著，故其應用無所不至。故曰其可左右。以體虚無物，故生物而不辭。", "authorNote": "憨山此章以整章一段作解，本站按文義分條。", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此言道大无方，圣人心与道合，故功大无外，以实前侯王能守之效也。泛者，虚而无着之意。以道大无方，体虚而无系着，故其应用无所不至。故曰其可左右。以体虚无物，故生物而不辞。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（憨山此章以整章一段作解，本站按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "憨山此章以整章一段作解，本站按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右；万物恃之而生而不辞" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "功成不名有；衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小", "kind": "note", "text": "以本無我，但任物自生，故生物功成而不名己有。以與物同體，故雖愛養萬物而不為主。其體所以真常者，以其至淡無味，無可欲也。由無可欲，故不足視，似可名於小。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "以本无我，但任物自生，故生物功成而不名己有。以与物同体，故虽爱养万物而不为主。其体所以真常者，以其至淡无味，无可欲也。由无可欲，故不足视，似可名于小。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "lemmaSimp": "功成不名有；衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "若夫萬物歸焉而不為主，則可名為大矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "若夫万物归焉而不为主，则可名为大矣。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "lemmaSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "然小大因物以名之，道豈然耶？是以聖人忘形釋智，圖於至細，志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大。若夫侯王專務於大，豈能成其大哉？言外之教，亦深切矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "然小大因物以名之，道岂然耶？是以圣人忘形释智，图于至细，志与道合，终不为大，故能成其大。若夫侯王专务于大，岂能成其大哉？言外之教，亦深切矣。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物恃之以生而不辭，此指道之費者而言，所謂用之廣也。功成不名有，此指道之隱者而言，所謂體之微也。惟其體之微，故有衣養萬物之功而不名有，返之於無形無名，斂之不盈毫末矣。", "authorNote": "魏源以此章為其第二十九章，本義全引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "万物恃之以生而不辞，此指道之费者而言，所谓用之广也。功成不名有，此指道之隐者而言，所谓体之微也。惟其体之微，故有衣养万物之功而不名有，返之于无形无名，敛之不盈毫末矣。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源以此章為其第二十九章，本義全引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源以此章为其第二十九章，本义全引苏辙、吕惠卿二家。", "lemmaSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小；萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "惟其用之廣，故萬物恃之以生者咸歸往而浩浩，不知其專主，極之並育不害，其量可彌六合矣。然則常無欲、可名於小者，樸之小而可以觀妙也，體也；萬物歸往、可名於大者，萬物將自賓而可以觀徼也，用也。方其小則不見其朕，及其大則物莫能外。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "惟其用之广，故万物恃之以生者咸归往而浩浩，不知其专主，极之并育不害，其量可弥六合矣。然则常无欲、可名于小者，朴之小而可以观妙也，体也；万物归往、可名于大者，万物将自宾而可以观徼也，用也。方其小则不见其朕，及其大则物莫能外。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小；万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "是以體道之聖人亦然，終守其樸之小，不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之，以是知大道非可以人力為者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "是以体道之圣人亦然，终守其朴之小，不肯自大，而万物皆归之，以是知大道非可以人力为者也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "泛兮無可無不可者，大道也", "kind": "note", "text": "泛兮無可無不可者，大道也。世有生物而不辭者，則將名之以為己有；世有避功而不有者，則必辭之而不生。生而不辭，成而不有者，惟道而已。大而有為大之心，則小矣。", "authorNote": "魏源《老子本義》所引蘇轍說。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "泛兮无可无不可者，大道也。世有生物而不辞者，则将名之以为己有；世有避功而不有者，则必辞之而不生。生而不辞，成而不有者，惟道而已。大而有为大之心，则小矣。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源《老子本義》所引蘇轍說。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源《老子本义》所引苏辙说。", "lemmaSimp": "泛兮无可无不可者，大道也" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "惟其功成不居，故不為主而常無欲", "kind": "note", "text": "惟其功成不居，故不為主而常無欲；無欲則妙之至者也，可名於小矣。惟其萬物恃之以生，故皆歸焉而不知主，則容之至者也，可名於大矣。夫既小而可名於大，既大而可名於小，則是不可名大名小也。此道所以隱於無名也。而聖人以無名體之，終不自大而大莫加焉。蓋惟其可左可右，是以非小非大；惟其非小非大，故能成其大。", "authorNote": "魏源《老子本義》所引呂惠卿說。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "惟其功成不居，故不为主而常无欲；无欲则妙之至者也，可名于小矣。惟其万物恃之以生，故皆归焉而不知主，则容之至者也，可名于大矣。夫既小而可名于大，既大而可名于小，则是不可名大名小也。此道所以隐于无名也。而圣人以无名体之，终不自大而大莫加焉。盖惟其可左可右，是以非小非大；惟其非小非大，故能成其大。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源《老子本義》所引呂惠卿說。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源《老子本义》所引吕惠卿说。", "lemmaSimp": "惟其功成不居，故不为主而常无欲" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "大道汎兮，其可左右；萬物恃之而生而不辭", "kind": "note", "text": "誰能以生恩天地乎，則誰能以死怨天地。天地者，與物為往來而聊以自壽也。天地且然，而況於道？荒荒乎其未有畔也，脉脉乎其有以通也。故東西無方，功名無系，賓主無適，己生貴而物生不逆。", "authorNote": "王夫之此章以整章一段作衍，本站按文義分條。", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "谁能以生恩天地乎，则谁能以死怨天地。天地者，与物为往来而聊以自寿也。天地且然，而况于道？荒荒乎其未有畔也，脉脉乎其有以通也。故东西无方，功名无系，宾主无适，己生贵而物生不逆。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（王夫之此章以整章一段作衍，本站按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "authorNoteSimp": "王夫之此章以整章一段作衍，本站按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右；万物恃之而生而不辞" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "衣養萬物而不為主，常無欲，可名於小；萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "kind": "note", "text": "誠然，則不見可欲，非以窒欲也；迭與為主，非以辭主也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "诚然，则不见可欲，非以窒欲也；迭与为主，非以辞主也。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "lemmaSimp": "衣养万物而不为主，常无欲，可名于小；万物归焉而不为主，可名为大" }, { "id": "c057", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "kind": "note", "text": "彼亟欲成其大者，惡足以知之！", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "彼亟欲成其大者，恶足以知之！", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "lemmaSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "大道", "charSimp": "大道", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "dà dào", "gloss": "至大無方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "glossSimp": "至大无方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "general": "河上公以汎為無滯，言道汎汎若浮若有若無，用周内外而左右咸得；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用則無所不至；唐玄宗御注謂無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名，御疏以非陰非陽、非柔非剛、汎然無繫能應眾象，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為說；陸希聲謂大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右；呂惠卿謂大道無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右；蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可；吳澄以汎為廣，道之廣無所不在、取之左右無所不可；憨山謂道大無方、體虚而無系著；魏源引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」；王夫之謂天地且然而況於道。", "generalSimp": "河上公以泛为无滞，言道泛泛若浮若有若无，用周内外而左右咸得；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用则无所不至；唐玄宗御注谓无系而能应物、左右无所偏名，御疏以非阴非阳、非柔非刚、泛然无系能应众象，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」；李荣以虚舟泛而不系、大道泛而玄通为说；陆希声谓大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右；吕惠卿谓大道无乎不在，故泛兮其可左右；苏辙谓泛兮无可无不可；吴澄以泛为广，道之广无所不在、取之左右无所不可；憨山谓道大无方、体虚而无系着；魏源引苏辙「泛兮无可无不可者大道也」；王夫之谓天地且然而况于道。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "汎兮", "charSimp": "泛兮", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "fàn xī", "gloss": "同「泛兮」。汎，大水漫流、無所繫著；兮，語助。", "glossSimp": "同「泛兮」。泛，大水漫流、无所系着；兮，语助。", "general": "河上公謂汎是無滯，若浮若有若無；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適；唐玄宗御疏以汎兮為無繫之貌；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫為喻；陸希聲以汎汎乎可在左可在右狀之；呂惠卿謂汎兮其可左右；蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可；吳澄以汎為廣、如水之汎濫洋溢；憨山謂氾者虚而無著之意；魏源正文作「泛」，校記存傅奕本異文；王夫之謂荒荒乎其未有畔。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓泛是无滞，若浮若有若无；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适；唐玄宗御疏以泛兮为无系之貌；李荣以虚舟泛而不系为喻；陆希声以泛泛乎可在左可在右状之；吕惠卿谓泛兮其可左右；苏辙谓泛兮无可无不可；吴澄以泛为广、如水之泛滥洋溢；憨山谓泛者虚而无着之意；魏源正文作「泛」，校记存傅奕本异文；王夫之谓荒荒乎其未有畔。", "variants": [ "氾", "泛" ], "variantsSimp": [ "泛", "泛" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "萬物", "charSimp": "万物", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "wàn wù", "gloss": "天地間一切物類。", "glossSimp": "天地间一切物类。", "general": "河上公謂物實資待至道而得生成；王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏謂天地萬物皆恃賴大道通生之功以全其生理；李榮謂物之得生皆賴大道；陸希聲謂為萬物之母故恃之以生；呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭；蘇轍謂生而不辭、成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂萬物賴道以生而道則無言；憨山謂體虚無物故生物而不辭；魏源謂此指道之費者、所謂用之廣；王夫之謂己生貴而物生不逆。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓物实资待至道而得生成；王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏谓天地万物皆恃赖大道通生之功以全其生理；李荣谓物之得生皆赖大道；陆希声谓为万物之母故恃之以生；吕惠卿谓万物恃之以生而不辞；苏辙谓生而不辞、成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓万物赖道以生而道则无言；憨山谓体虚无物故生物而不辞；魏源谓此指道之费者、所谓用之广；王夫之谓己生贵而物生不逆。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "不辭", "charSimp": "不辞", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "bù cí", "gloss": "不推辭、不辭憚。辭，推辭、辭謝。", "glossSimp": "不推辞、不辞惮。辞，推辞、辞谢。", "general": "河上公以辭為憚，物資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚；王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏謂道不辭以為勞倦，又解云物不辭謝於道；李榮謂能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德，不相辭謝；陸希聲謂以其親之至故不謝厥德；呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭；蘇轍謂生而不辭、成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂萬物賴道以生而道則無言；憨山謂體虚無物故生物而不辭；魏源謂「萬物恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣。", "generalSimp": "河上公以辞为惮，物资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮；王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏谓道不辞以为劳倦，又解云物不辞谢于道；李荣谓能生者不以为功、所生者不以为德，不相辞谢；陆希声谓以其亲之至故不谢厥德；吕惠卿谓万物恃之以生而不辞；苏辙谓生而不辞、成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓万物赖道以生而道则无言；憨山谓体虚无物故生物而不辞；魏源谓「万物恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者、用之广。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "功成", "charSimp": "功成", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "gōng chéng", "gloss": "功業成就。功，生成之功。", "glossSimp": "功业成就。功，生成之功。", "general": "王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；成玄英謂生化群品、至功潛被而歸功於物；唐玄宗御注謂功用備成而不名己有，御疏謂大道生物之功備成而不以其物為己之有；李榮謂道之生物、得以生成功也；陸希聲謂與天地合德故其功易成；呂惠卿謂功成不居；蘇轍謂成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂物之功既成而道不居其功；憨山謂生物功成而不名己有；魏源謂「功成不名有」指道之隱者、所謂體之微。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；成玄英谓生化群品、至功潜被而归功于物；唐玄宗御注谓功用备成而不名己有，御疏谓大道生物之功备成而不以其物为己之有；李荣谓道之生物、得以生成功也；陆希声谓与天地合德故其功易成；吕惠卿谓功成不居；苏辙谓成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓物之功既成而道不居其功；憨山谓生物功成而不名己有；魏源谓「功成不名有」指道之隐者、所谓体之微。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 2, "end": 5, "char": "不名有", "charSimp": "不名有", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "bù míng yǒu", "gloss": "不把功勞據為己有。名，稱名、占有。", "glossSimp": "不把功劳据为己有。名，称名、占有。", "general": "王弼謂既生而不知其所由；成玄英謂歸功於物故不有功名；唐玄宗御注謂功用備成不名己有，御疏謂曾不名有、言忘功也；李榮謂能所皆忘故不名有；陸希聲謂以其大之極故不稱有功；呂惠卿謂功成不居；蘇轍謂成而不有；吳澄謂道不居其功；憨山謂功成而不名己有；魏源謂返之於無形無名。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓既生而不知其所由；成玄英谓归功于物故不有功名；唐玄宗御注谓功用备成不名己有，御疏谓曾不名有、言忘功也；李荣谓能所皆忘故不名有；陆希声谓以其大之极故不称有功；吕惠卿谓功成不居；苏辙谓成而不有；吴澄谓道不居其功；憨山谓功成而不名己有；魏源谓返之于无形无名。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "衣養", "charSimp": "衣养", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "yì yǎng", "gloss": "覆育長養。衣，覆蓋；養，畜養。", "glossSimp": "复育长养。衣，覆盖；养，畜养。", "general": "河上公本作「愛養」；王弼本作「衣養」；成玄英以衣被為覆育；唐玄宗御注謂愛養群材而不宰於物，御疏謂道生萬物、愛養熟成、衣被萬物；李榮作「衣被萬象」，謂生育普均、覆載無二；陸希聲謂慈育萬類、長而不宰；呂惠卿作「衣被萬物」；吳澄謂如以衣衣之、以被被之；憨山作「愛養萬物」；魏源從王弼本作「衣養萬物」；傅奕本作「衣被」。", "generalSimp": "河上公本作「爱养」；王弼本作「衣养」；成玄英以衣被为复育；唐玄宗御注谓爱养群材而不宰于物，御疏谓道生万物、爱养熟成、衣被万物；李荣作「衣被万象」，谓生育普均、覆载无二；陆希声谓慈育万类、长而不宰；吕惠卿作「衣被万物」；吴澄谓如以衣衣之、以被被之；憨山作「爱养万物」；魏源从王弼本作「衣养万物」；傅奕本作「衣被」。", "variants": [ "愛養", "衣被", "衣被萬象" ], "variantsSimp": [ "爱养", "衣被", "衣被万象" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 13, "end": 17, "char": "可名於小", "charSimp": "可名于小", "startSimp": 13, "endSimp": 17, "pinyin": "kě míng yú xiǎo", "gloss": "可以稱之為小；諸家多解作「不可名之為小」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为小；诸家多解作「不可名之为小」。", "general": "王弼謂若道無施於物故名於小；唐玄宗御注謂於物無欲則可名於小、言不可名小，御疏申言不可名於小；成玄英謂似若微小、言不小也；李榮謂可言於小、言不小也；陸希聲謂可以名其樸為小；呂惠卿謂常無欲則妙之至故可名於小；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂其可名之於小矣乎、蓋不可也；憨山謂似可名於小；魏源謂樸之小而可以觀妙；王夫之謂不見可欲非以窒欲。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓若道无施于物故名于小；唐玄宗御注谓于物无欲则可名于小、言不可名小，御疏申言不可名于小；成玄英谓似若微小、言不小也；李荣谓可言于小、言不小也；陆希声谓可以名其朴为小；吕惠卿谓常无欲则妙之至故可名于小；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓其可名之于小矣乎、盖不可也；憨山谓似可名于小；魏源谓朴之小而可以观妙；王夫之谓不见可欲非以窒欲。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "歸焉", "charSimp": "归焉", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "guī yān", "gloss": "歸附於它。焉，於此。", "glossSimp": "归附于它。焉，于此。", "general": "王弼謂萬物皆歸之以生；唐玄宗御注謂愛養之故萬物歸之，御疏謂歸道生成之功；成玄英謂道能生長、為物所歸，譬彼大海方兹虚谷；李榮謂萬象輪迴不出無形之表、品彙終始會依虚寂之中；陸希聲謂萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海；呂惠卿謂萬物歸焉而不知主；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂萬物反本復命、會歸于一；憨山謂萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大；魏源謂萬物恃之以生者咸歸往而浩浩；王夫之謂迭與為主非以辭主。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓万物皆归之以生；唐玄宗御注谓爱养之故万物归之，御疏谓归道生成之功；成玄英谓道能生长、为物所归，譬彼大海方兹虚谷；李荣谓万象轮回不出无形之表、品汇终始会依虚寂之中；陆希声谓万物归之而不为尊主，若川谷之与江海；吕惠卿谓万物归焉而不知主；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓万物反本复命、会归于一；憨山谓万物归焉而不为主则可名为大；魏源谓万物恃之以生者咸归往而浩浩；王夫之谓迭与为主非以辞主。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 9, "end": 13, "char": "可名為大", "charSimp": "可名为大", "startSimp": 9, "endSimp": 13, "pinyin": "kě míng wéi dà", "gloss": "可以稱之為大；諸家多解作「不可名之為大」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为大；诸家多解作「不可名之为大」。", "general": "王弼謂此不為小故復可名於大；唐玄宗御注謂可名為大、言不可名大，非小非大故以難名，御疏謂非小非大固難與為名；成玄英謂可名大耶、言不可名大；李榮謂可名於大、言不大也；陸希聲謂可以名其道為大；呂惠卿謂容之至者故可名於大，既大而可名於小則非大；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂其可名之於大矣乎、蓋不可也；憨山謂可名為大矣；魏源謂萬物將自賓而可以觀徼；王夫之謂迭與為主。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓此不为小故复可名于大；唐玄宗御注谓可名为大、言不可名大，非小非大故以难名，御疏谓非小非大固难与为名；成玄英谓可名大耶、言不可名大；李荣谓可名于大、言不大也；陆希声谓可以名其道为大；吕惠卿谓容之至者故可名于大，既大而可名于小则非大；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓其可名之于大矣乎、盖不可也；憨山谓可名为大矣；魏源谓万物将自宾而可以观徼；王夫之谓迭与为主。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 3, "end": 7, "char": "不自為大", "charSimp": "不自为大", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "bù zì wéi dà", "gloss": "不自以為大、不自尊大。", "glossSimp": "不自以为大、不自尊大。", "general": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」；成玄英謂忘功忘大故為眾聖之長；唐玄宗御注謂聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，御疏謂不自為尊大；李榮謂執則成小、忘則為大；陸希聲謂聖人守無名之小樸、終不自以為大；呂惠卿謂聖人體道、其成其大豈自大哉；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂道大而不自以為大；憨山謂聖人忘形釋智、終不為大；魏源謂聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大；王夫之謂彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。", "generalSimp": "王弼引「为大于其细，图难于其易」；成玄英谓忘功忘大故为众圣之长；唐玄宗御注谓圣人法道忘功、终不自为光大，御疏谓不自为尊大；李荣谓执则成小、忘则为大；陆希声谓圣人守无名之小朴、终不自以为大；吕惠卿谓圣人体道、其成其大岂自大哉；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓道大而不自以为大；憨山谓圣人忘形释智、终不为大；魏源谓圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大；王夫之谓彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 10, "end": 13, "char": "成其大", "charSimp": "成其大", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 13, "pinyin": "chéng qí dà", "gloss": "成就它的偉大。", "glossSimp": "成就它的伟大。", "general": "王弼謂為大於其細；成玄英謂獨居三界之尊而成其大；唐玄宗御注謂成其光大之業，御疏謂化遂生成、成其光大之業；李榮謂不大而大故言成其大；陸希聲謂卒能成其大；呂惠卿謂非小非大故能成其大；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂以道大而不自以為大故能成其大；憨山謂終不為大故能成其大；魏源謂大道非可以人力為；王夫之謂彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓为大于其细；成玄英谓独居三界之尊而成其大；唐玄宗御注谓成其光大之业，御疏谓化遂生成、成其光大之业；李荣谓不大而大故言成其大；陆希声谓卒能成其大；吕惠卿谓非小非大故能成其大；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓以道大而不自以为大故能成其大；憨山谓终不为大故能成其大；魏源谓大道非可以人力为；王夫之谓彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] } ], "glossary": { "大道": "至大無方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "汎兮": "同「泛兮」，大水漫流、無所繫著之貌。汎，或作氾、泛。", "萬物": "天地間一切物類。", "不辭": "不推辭、不辭憚。辭，推辭、辭謝。", "功成": "功業成就；此章指道生成萬物之功。", "不名有": "不把功勞據為己有。名，稱名、占有。", "衣養": "覆育長養。衣，覆蓋；養，畜養。或作「愛養」「衣被」。", "可名於小": "可以稱之為小；諸家多解作「不可名之為小」。", "歸焉": "歸附於它。焉，於此。", "可名為大": "可以稱之為大；諸家多解作「不可名之為大」。", "不自為大": "不自以為大、不自尊大。", "成其大": "成就它的偉大。", "任成": "河上公本章章題。", "大道汎兮章": "唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "不為主": "不做主宰。", "常無欲": "恆常沒有欲求。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "河上公題「任成第三十四」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「大道汎兮章第三十四」，王弼本無章題。吳澄以此章為其第二十九章，魏源亦以此章為其第二十九章。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、王弼《老子道德經注》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公题「任成第三十四」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「大道泛兮章第三十四」，王弼本无章题。吴澄以此章为其第二十九章，魏源亦以此章为其第二十九章。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、王弼《老子道德经注》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "text": "「汎」或作「氾」、作「泛」，一字異體。河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄作「汎」，憨山作「氾」，魏源正文作「泛」。魏源校記云傅奕作「泛」。本站從王弼本作「汎」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、憨山《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "「泛」或作「泛」、作「泛」，一字异体。河上公、王弼、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄作「泛」，憨山作「泛」，魏源正文作「泛」。魏源校记云傅奕作「泛」。本站从王弼本作「泛」。", "headwordSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、憨山《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物恃之而生而不辭", "text": "王弼本作「萬物恃之而生而不辭」；李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源作「萬物恃之以生而不辭」，唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引經文亦作「恃之以生」。魏源校記云「以生，河上、王弼作而生」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、憨山《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「万物恃之而生而不辞」；李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源作「万物恃之以生而不辞」，唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引经文亦作「恃之以生」。魏源校记云「以生，河上、王弼作而生」。", "headwordSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、憨山《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "功成不名有", "text": "王弼本、蘇轍本作「功成不名有」，唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引經文作「功成而不名有」，李榮作「成功不名有」，陸希聲作「功成而不居有」，呂惠卿、吳澄作「功成不居」「功成而不居」，魏源從王弼本作「功成不名有」。陸希聲「居有」之「有」疑衍。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼本、苏辙本作「功成不名有」，唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引经文作「功成而不名有」，李荣作「成功不名有」，陆希声作「功成而不居有」，吕惠卿、吴澄作「功成不居」「功成而不居」，魏源从王弼本作「功成不名有」。陆希声「居有」之「有」疑衍。", "headwordSimp": "功成不名有", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "衣養萬物", "text": "王弼本作「衣養萬物」，河上公本作「愛養萬物」，憨山同；陸希聲、呂惠卿作「衣被萬物」，李榮作「衣被萬象」；傅奕本作「衣被」。魏源從王弼本作「衣養」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、李榮《道德真經注》、憨山《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「衣养万物」，河上公本作「爱养万物」，憨山同；陆希声、吕惠卿作「衣被万物」，李荣作「衣被万象」；傅奕本作「衣被」。魏源从王弼本作「衣养」。", "headwordSimp": "衣养万物", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、李荣《道德真经注》、憨山《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "常無欲", "text": "王弼、唐玄宗、陸希聲、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源皆有「常無欲」三字；李榮本無「常無欲」，其注於「衣被萬象不為主」下即釋「可言於小，言不小也」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、憨山《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、李榮《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "王弼、唐玄宗、陆希声、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源皆有「常无欲」三字；李荣本无「常无欲」，其注于「衣被万象不为主」下即释「可言于小，言不小也」。", "headwordSimp": "常无欲", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、憨山《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、李荣《道德真经注》", "id": "k006" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大", "text": "王弼本作「萬物歸焉而不為主，可名為大」；唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引經文、李榮、陸希聲作「萬物歸之而不為主」；呂惠卿、吳澄作「萬物歸焉而不知主」；傅奕本「歸焉」作「歸之」，句末有「矣」字。魏源校記云「歸焉作歸之，不知主，王弼作不為主，可名於大作可名為大」。吳澄疑「不知主」下脱「常無名」三字，並謂「可名於小矣」「可名於大矣」二句乃設為疑問之辭，句末雖無「乎」字而有「乎」字之意。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「万物归焉而不为主，可名为大」；唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引经文、李荣、陆希声作「万物归之而不为主」；吕惠卿、吴澄作「万物归焉而不知主」；傅奕本「归焉」作「归之」，句末有「矣」字。魏源校记云「归焉作归之，不知主，王弼作不为主，可名于大作可名为大」。吴澄疑「不知主」下脱「常无名」三字，并谓「可名于小矣」「可名于大矣」二句乃设为疑问之辞，句末虽无「乎」字而有「乎」字之意。", "headwordSimp": "万物归焉而不为主，可名为大", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k007" }, { "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "以其終不自為大", "text": "王弼本作「以其終不自為大，故能成其大」；唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引經文、河上公、李榮、憨山作「是以聖人終不為大，故能成其大」；陸希聲、呂惠卿作「是以聖人終不為大」；吳澄作「是以聖人能成其大也，以其不自大，故能成其大」；魏源正文作「是以聖人終不自為大」。魏源校記云傅奕作「是以聖能成其大也，以其不自大，故能成其大」，河上作「終不為大」，王弼作「以其終不自為大」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》、憨山《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「以其终不自为大，故能成其大」；唐玄宗《玄德纂疏》所引经文、河上公、李荣、憨山作「是以圣人终不为大，故能成其大」；陆希声、吕惠卿作「是以圣人终不为大」；吴澄作「是以圣人能成其大也，以其不自大，故能成其大」；魏源正文作「是以圣人终不自为大」。魏源校记云傅奕作「是以圣能成其大也，以其不自大，故能成其大」，河上作「终不为大」，王弼作「以其终不自为大」。", "headwordSimp": "以其终不自为大", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》、憨山《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k008" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗出處", "text": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引；嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九無此章輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（以上據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、俞樾《諸子平議·老子平議》", "textSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引；严遵《指归》道经原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九无此章辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "headwordSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗出处", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（以上据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）、严遵《道德真经指归》、俞樾《诸子平议·老子平议》", "id": "k009" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗注條數", "text": "《玄德纂疏》卷九所引河上公注僅二條，不及「功成不名有」以下四句；成玄英疏四條，不及前二句；唐玄宗「萬物恃之以生而不辭」句無御注，僅存御疏。故河上公於第三至六句無注，成玄英於第一、二句無疏。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "《玄德纂疏》卷九所引河上公注仅二条，不及「功成不名有」以下四句；成玄英疏四条，不及前二句；唐玄宗「万物恃之以生而不辞」句无御注，仅存御疏。故河上公于第三至六句无注，成玄英于第一、二句无疏。", "headwordSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗注条数", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "id": "k010" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "王弼注語出與河上公注脱文", "text": "王弼注「為大於其細，圖難於其易」語出《老子》第六十三章，非此章經文；河上公注末句《玄德纂疏》本作「不可左右」，疑脱「無」字，本站釋文從「其可左右」之義。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》（據《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "textSimp": "王弼注「为大于其细，图难于其易」语出《老子》第六十三章，非此章经文；河上公注末句《玄德纂疏》本作「不可左右」，疑脱「无」字，本站释文从「其可左右」之义。", "headwordSimp": "王弼注语出与河上公注脱文", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》（据《玄德纂疏》卷九所引）", "id": "k011" } ], "glossarySimp": { "大道": "至大无方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "泛兮": "同「泛兮」，大水漫流、无所系着之貌。泛，或作泛、泛。", "万物": "天地间一切物类。", "不辞": "不推辞、不辞惮。辞，推辞、辞谢。", "功成": "功业成就；此章指道生成万物之功。", "不名有": "不把功劳据为己有。名，称名、占有。", "衣养": "复育长养。衣，覆盖；养，畜养。或作「爱养」「衣被」。", "可名于小": "可以称之为小；诸家多解作「不可名之为小」。", "归焉": "归附于它。焉，于此。", "可名为大": "可以称之为大；诸家多解作「不可名之为大」。", "不自为大": "不自以为大、不自尊大。", "成其大": "成就它的伟大。", "任成": "河上公本章章题。", "大道泛兮章": "唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "不为主": "不做主宰。", "常无欲": "恒常没有欲求。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "大道", "headwordSimp": "大道", "pinyin": "dà dào", "gloss": "至大無方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "glossSimp": "至大无方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "general": "河上公以汎為無滯，言道汎汎若浮若有若無，用周内外而左右咸得；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用則無所不至；唐玄宗御注謂無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名，御疏以非陰非陽、非柔非剛、汎然無繫能應眾象，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為說；陸希聲謂大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右；呂惠卿謂大道無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右；蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可；吳澄以汎為廣，道之廣無所不在、取之左右無所不可；憨山謂道大無方、體虚而無系著；魏源引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」；王夫之謂天地且然而況於道。", "generalSimp": "河上公以泛为无滞，言道泛泛若浮若有若无，用周内外而左右咸得；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用则无所不至；唐玄宗御注谓无系而能应物、左右无所偏名，御疏以非阴非阳、非柔非刚、泛然无系能应众象，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」；李荣以虚舟泛而不系、大道泛而玄通为说；陆希声谓大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右；吕惠卿谓大道无乎不在，故泛兮其可左右；苏辙谓泛兮无可无不可；吴澄以泛为广，道之广无所不在、取之左右无所不可；憨山谓道大无方、体虚而无系着；魏源引苏辙「泛兮无可无不可者大道也」；王夫之谓天地且然而况于道。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "大道", "formSimp": "大道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "汎兮", "headwordSimp": "泛兮", "pinyin": "fàn xī", "gloss": "同「泛兮」。汎，大水漫流、無所繫著；兮，語助。", "glossSimp": "同「泛兮」。泛，大水漫流、无所系着；兮，语助。", "general": "河上公謂汎是無滯，若浮若有若無；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適；唐玄宗御疏以汎兮為無繫之貌；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫為喻；陸希聲以汎汎乎可在左可在右狀之；呂惠卿謂汎兮其可左右；蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可；吳澄以汎為廣、如水之汎濫洋溢；憨山謂氾者虚而無著之意；魏源正文作「泛」，校記存傅奕本異文；王夫之謂荒荒乎其未有畔。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓泛是无滞，若浮若有若无；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适；唐玄宗御疏以泛兮为无系之貌；李荣以虚舟泛而不系为喻；陆希声以泛泛乎可在左可在右状之；吕惠卿谓泛兮其可左右；苏辙谓泛兮无可无不可；吴澄以泛为广、如水之泛滥洋溢；憨山谓泛者虚而无着之意；魏源正文作「泛」，校记存傅奕本异文；王夫之谓荒荒乎其未有畔。", "variants": [ "氾", "泛" ], "variantsSimp": [ "泛", "泛" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "汎兮", "formSimp": "泛兮", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] }, { "form": "氾", "formSimp": "泛", "kind": "variant", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] }, { "form": "泛", "formSimp": "泛", "kind": "variant", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物", "headwordSimp": "万物", "pinyin": "wàn wù", "gloss": "天地間一切物類。", "glossSimp": "天地间一切物类。", "general": "河上公謂物實資待至道而得生成；王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏謂天地萬物皆恃賴大道通生之功以全其生理；李榮謂物之得生皆賴大道；陸希聲謂為萬物之母故恃之以生；呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭；蘇轍謂生而不辭、成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂萬物賴道以生而道則無言；憨山謂體虚無物故生物而不辭；魏源謂此指道之費者、所謂用之廣；王夫之謂己生貴而物生不逆。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓物实资待至道而得生成；王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏谓天地万物皆恃赖大道通生之功以全其生理；李荣谓物之得生皆赖大道；陆希声谓为万物之母故恃之以生；吕惠卿谓万物恃之以生而不辞；苏辙谓生而不辞、成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓万物赖道以生而道则无言；憨山谓体虚无物故生物而不辞；魏源谓此指道之费者、所谓用之广；王夫之谓己生贵而物生不逆。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "萬物", "formSimp": "万物", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s002", "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002", "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "不辭", "headwordSimp": "不辞", "pinyin": "bù cí", "gloss": "不推辭、不辭憚。辭，推辭、辭謝。", "glossSimp": "不推辞、不辞惮。辞，推辞、辞谢。", "general": "河上公以辭為憚，物資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚；王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏謂道不辭以為勞倦，又解云物不辭謝於道；李榮謂能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德，不相辭謝；陸希聲謂以其親之至故不謝厥德；呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭；蘇轍謂生而不辭、成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂萬物賴道以生而道則無言；憨山謂體虚無物故生物而不辭；魏源謂「萬物恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣。", "generalSimp": "河上公以辞为惮，物资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮；王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；唐玄宗御疏谓道不辞以为劳倦，又解云物不辞谢于道；李荣谓能生者不以为功、所生者不以为德，不相辞谢；陆希声谓以其亲之至故不谢厥德；吕惠卿谓万物恃之以生而不辞；苏辙谓生而不辞、成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓万物赖道以生而道则无言；憨山谓体虚无物故生物而不辞；魏源谓「万物恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者、用之广。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ], "forms": [ { "form": "不辭", "formSimp": "不辞", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "功成", "headwordSimp": "功成", "pinyin": "gōng chéng", "gloss": "功業成就。功，生成之功。", "glossSimp": "功业成就。功，生成之功。", "general": "王弼謂萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；成玄英謂生化群品、至功潛被而歸功於物；唐玄宗御注謂功用備成而不名己有，御疏謂大道生物之功備成而不以其物為己之有；李榮謂道之生物、得以生成功也；陸希聲謂與天地合德故其功易成；呂惠卿謂功成不居；蘇轍謂成而不有者唯道；吳澄謂物之功既成而道不居其功；憨山謂生物功成而不名己有；魏源謂「功成不名有」指道之隱者、所謂體之微。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由；成玄英谓生化群品、至功潜被而归功于物；唐玄宗御注谓功用备成而不名己有，御疏谓大道生物之功备成而不以其物为己之有；李荣谓道之生物、得以生成功也；陆希声谓与天地合德故其功易成；吕惠卿谓功成不居；苏辙谓成而不有者唯道；吴澄谓物之功既成而道不居其功；憨山谓生物功成而不名己有；魏源谓「功成不名有」指道之隐者、所谓体之微。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ], "forms": [ { "form": "功成", "formSimp": "功成", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "不名有", "headwordSimp": "不名有", "pinyin": "bù míng yǒu", "gloss": "不把功勞據為己有。名，稱名、占有。", "glossSimp": "不把功劳据为己有。名，称名、占有。", "general": "王弼謂既生而不知其所由；成玄英謂歸功於物故不有功名；唐玄宗御注謂功用備成不名己有，御疏謂曾不名有、言忘功也；李榮謂能所皆忘故不名有；陸希聲謂以其大之極故不稱有功；呂惠卿謂功成不居；蘇轍謂成而不有；吳澄謂道不居其功；憨山謂功成而不名己有；魏源謂返之於無形無名。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓既生而不知其所由；成玄英谓归功于物故不有功名；唐玄宗御注谓功用备成不名己有，御疏谓曾不名有、言忘功也；李荣谓能所皆忘故不名有；陆希声谓以其大之极故不称有功；吕惠卿谓功成不居；苏辙谓成而不有；吴澄谓道不居其功；憨山谓功成而不名己有；魏源谓返之于无形无名。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ], "forms": [ { "form": "不名有", "formSimp": "不名有", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "衣養", "headwordSimp": "衣养", "pinyin": "yì yǎng", "gloss": "覆育長養。衣，覆蓋；養，畜養。", "glossSimp": "复育长养。衣，覆盖；养，畜养。", "general": "河上公本作「愛養」；王弼本作「衣養」；成玄英以衣被為覆育；唐玄宗御注謂愛養群材而不宰於物，御疏謂道生萬物、愛養熟成、衣被萬物；李榮作「衣被萬象」，謂生育普均、覆載無二；陸希聲謂慈育萬類、長而不宰；呂惠卿作「衣被萬物」；吳澄謂如以衣衣之、以被被之；憨山作「愛養萬物」；魏源從王弼本作「衣養萬物」；傅奕本作「衣被」。", "generalSimp": "河上公本作「爱养」；王弼本作「衣养」；成玄英以衣被为复育；唐玄宗御注谓爱养群材而不宰于物，御疏谓道生万物、爱养熟成、衣被万物；李荣作「衣被万象」，谓生育普均、覆载无二；陆希声谓慈育万类、长而不宰；吕惠卿作「衣被万物」；吴澄谓如以衣衣之、以被被之；憨山作「爱养万物」；魏源从王弼本作「衣养万物」；傅奕本作「衣被」。", "variants": [ "愛養", "衣被", "衣被萬象" ], "variantsSimp": [ "爱养", "衣被", "衣被万象" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义" ], "forms": [ { "form": "衣養", "formSimp": "衣养", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "可名於小", "headwordSimp": "可名于小", "pinyin": "kě míng yú xiǎo", "gloss": "可以稱之為小；諸家多解作「不可名之為小」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为小；诸家多解作「不可名之为小」。", "general": "王弼謂若道無施於物故名於小；唐玄宗御注謂於物無欲則可名於小、言不可名小，御疏申言不可名於小；成玄英謂似若微小、言不小也；李榮謂可言於小、言不小也；陸希聲謂可以名其樸為小；呂惠卿謂常無欲則妙之至故可名於小；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂其可名之於小矣乎、蓋不可也；憨山謂似可名於小；魏源謂樸之小而可以觀妙；王夫之謂不見可欲非以窒欲。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓若道无施于物故名于小；唐玄宗御注谓于物无欲则可名于小、言不可名小，御疏申言不可名于小；成玄英谓似若微小、言不小也；李荣谓可言于小、言不小也；陆希声谓可以名其朴为小；吕惠卿谓常无欲则妙之至故可名于小；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓其可名之于小矣乎、盖不可也；憨山谓似可名于小；魏源谓朴之小而可以观妙；王夫之谓不见可欲非以窒欲。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "可名於小", "formSimp": "可名于小", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "歸焉", "headwordSimp": "归焉", "pinyin": "guī yān", "gloss": "歸附於它。焉，於此。", "glossSimp": "归附于它。焉，于此。", "general": "王弼謂萬物皆歸之以生；唐玄宗御注謂愛養之故萬物歸之，御疏謂歸道生成之功；成玄英謂道能生長、為物所歸，譬彼大海方兹虚谷；李榮謂萬象輪迴不出無形之表、品彙終始會依虚寂之中；陸希聲謂萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海；呂惠卿謂萬物歸焉而不知主；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂萬物反本復命、會歸于一；憨山謂萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大；魏源謂萬物恃之以生者咸歸往而浩浩；王夫之謂迭與為主非以辭主。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓万物皆归之以生；唐玄宗御注谓爱养之故万物归之，御疏谓归道生成之功；成玄英谓道能生长、为物所归，譬彼大海方兹虚谷；李荣谓万象轮回不出无形之表、品汇终始会依虚寂之中；陆希声谓万物归之而不为尊主，若川谷之与江海；吕惠卿谓万物归焉而不知主；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓万物反本复命、会归于一；憨山谓万物归焉而不为主则可名为大；魏源谓万物恃之以生者咸归往而浩浩；王夫之谓迭与为主非以辞主。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "歸焉", "formSimp": "归焉", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "可名為大", "headwordSimp": "可名为大", "pinyin": "kě míng wéi dà", "gloss": "可以稱之為大；諸家多解作「不可名之為大」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为大；诸家多解作「不可名之为大」。", "general": "王弼謂此不為小故復可名於大；唐玄宗御注謂可名為大、言不可名大，非小非大故以難名，御疏謂非小非大固難與為名；成玄英謂可名大耶、言不可名大；李榮謂可名於大、言不大也；陸希聲謂可以名其道為大；呂惠卿謂容之至者故可名於大，既大而可名於小則非大；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂其可名之於大矣乎、蓋不可也；憨山謂可名為大矣；魏源謂萬物將自賓而可以觀徼；王夫之謂迭與為主。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓此不为小故复可名于大；唐玄宗御注谓可名为大、言不可名大，非小非大故以难名，御疏谓非小非大固难与为名；成玄英谓可名大耶、言不可名大；李荣谓可名于大、言不大也；陆希声谓可以名其道为大；吕惠卿谓容之至者故可名于大，既大而可名于小则非大；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓其可名之于大矣乎、盖不可也；憨山谓可名为大矣；魏源谓万物将自宾而可以观徼；王夫之谓迭与为主。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "可名為大", "formSimp": "可名为大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "不自為大", "headwordSimp": "不自为大", "pinyin": "bù zì wéi dà", "gloss": "不自以為大、不自尊大。", "glossSimp": "不自以为大、不自尊大。", "general": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」；成玄英謂忘功忘大故為眾聖之長；唐玄宗御注謂聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，御疏謂不自為尊大；李榮謂執則成小、忘則為大；陸希聲謂聖人守無名之小樸、終不自以為大；呂惠卿謂聖人體道、其成其大豈自大哉；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂道大而不自以為大；憨山謂聖人忘形釋智、終不為大；魏源謂聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大；王夫之謂彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。", "generalSimp": "王弼引「为大于其细，图难于其易」；成玄英谓忘功忘大故为众圣之长；唐玄宗御注谓圣人法道忘功、终不自为光大，御疏谓不自为尊大；李荣谓执则成小、忘则为大；陆希声谓圣人守无名之小朴、终不自以为大；吕惠卿谓圣人体道、其成其大岂自大哉；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓道大而不自以为大；憨山谓圣人忘形释智、终不为大；魏源谓圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大；王夫之谓彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "不自為大", "formSimp": "不自为大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "成其大", "headwordSimp": "成其大", "pinyin": "chéng qí dà", "gloss": "成就它的偉大。", "glossSimp": "成就它的伟大。", "general": "王弼謂為大於其細；成玄英謂獨居三界之尊而成其大；唐玄宗御注謂成其光大之業，御疏謂化遂生成、成其光大之業；李榮謂不大而大故言成其大；陸希聲謂卒能成其大；呂惠卿謂非小非大故能成其大；蘇轍謂大而有為大之心則小矣；吳澄謂以道大而不自以為大故能成其大；憨山謂終不為大故能成其大；魏源謂大道非可以人力為；王夫之謂彼亟欲成其大者惡足以知之。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓为大于其细；成玄英谓独居三界之尊而成其大；唐玄宗御注谓成其光大之业，御疏谓化遂生成、成其光大之业；李荣谓不大而大故言成其大；陆希声谓卒能成其大；吕惠卿谓非小非大故能成其大；苏辙谓大而有为大之心则小矣；吴澄谓以道大而不自以为大故能成其大；憨山谓终不为大故能成其大；魏源谓大道非可以人力为；王夫之谓彼亟欲成其大者恶足以知之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李榮注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "李荣注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "成其大", "formSimp": "成其大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 13, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "大道", "headwordSimp": "大道", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "至大無方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "glossSimp": "至大无方之道；此章指生物而不宰、可左可右之道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大道", "formSimp": "大道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 14, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "汎兮", "headwordSimp": "泛兮", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "同「泛兮」，大水漫流、無所繫著之貌。汎，或作氾、泛。", "glossSimp": "同「泛兮」，大水漫流、无所系着之貌。泛，或作泛、泛。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "汎兮", "formSimp": "泛兮", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 15, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "萬物", "headwordSimp": "万物", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "天地間一切物類。", "glossSimp": "天地间一切物类。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "萬物", "formSimp": "万物", "kind": "headword", "count": 3, "sentenceIds": [ "s002", "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002", "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 3 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "不辭", "headwordSimp": "不辞", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不推辭、不辭憚。辭，推辭、辭謝。", "glossSimp": "不推辞、不辞惮。辞，推辞、辞谢。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不辭", "formSimp": "不辞", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "功成", "headwordSimp": "功成", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "功業成就；此章指道生成萬物之功。", "glossSimp": "功业成就；此章指道生成万物之功。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "功成", "formSimp": "功成", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "不名有", "headwordSimp": "不名有", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不把功勞據為己有。名，稱名、占有。", "glossSimp": "不把功劳据为己有。名，称名、占有。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不名有", "formSimp": "不名有", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "衣養", "headwordSimp": "衣养", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "覆育長養。衣，覆蓋；養，畜養。或作「愛養」「衣被」。", "glossSimp": "复育长养。衣，覆盖；养，畜养。或作「爱养」「衣被」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "衣養", "formSimp": "衣养", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "可名於小", "headwordSimp": "可名于小", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "可以稱之為小；諸家多解作「不可名之為小」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为小；诸家多解作「不可名之为小」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "可名於小", "formSimp": "可名于小", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "歸焉", "headwordSimp": "归焉", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "歸附於它。焉，於此。", "glossSimp": "归附于它。焉，于此。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "歸焉", "formSimp": "归焉", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "可名為大", "headwordSimp": "可名为大", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "可以稱之為大；諸家多解作「不可名之為大」。", "glossSimp": "可以称之为大；诸家多解作「不可名之为大」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "可名為大", "formSimp": "可名为大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "不自為大", "headwordSimp": "不自为大", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不自以為大、不自尊大。", "glossSimp": "不自以为大、不自尊大。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不自為大", "formSimp": "不自为大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "成其大", "headwordSimp": "成其大", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "成就它的偉大。", "glossSimp": "成就它的伟大。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "成其大", "formSimp": "成其大", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "任成", "headwordSimp": "任成", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "任成", "formSimp": "任成", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "大道汎兮章", "headwordSimp": "大道泛兮章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "glossSimp": "唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大道汎兮章", "formSimp": "大道泛兮章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "不為主", "headwordSimp": "不为主", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不做主宰。", "glossSimp": "不做主宰。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不為主", "formSimp": "不为主", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "常無欲", "headwordSimp": "常无欲", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "恆常沒有欲求。", "glossSimp": "恒常没有欲求。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "常無欲", "formSimp": "常无欲", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第三十四章六句的十二家對照。嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷九無此章輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章亦未列。河上公此章《玄德纂疏》所引僅二條，僅及前二句，故議題三、四無河上公條；成玄英僅四條，不及前二句，故議題一、二無成玄英條；其餘諸家皆有整章或分段之釋。跨議題必需來源取王弼、唐玄宗。王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李榮逐句或分段分疏，蘇轍逐句作注；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，吳澄分段作注。諸家釋「大道汎兮」有無滯、汎濫無所不適、無繫應物、虚舟玄通、鬼神之德、無乎不在、無可無不可、道廣無所不在、道大無方、荒荒未有畔之別，釋「恃生不辭、功成不名有」有辭憚、不知其所由、忘功、能所皆忘、不謝厥德、生而不辭成而不有、道無言、任物自生之別，釋「可名小大」有不可名小不可名大、似若微小、言不小言不大、妙之至容之至、觀妙觀徼、春生冬藏之別，釋「不自為大」有為大於其細、忘功忘大、法道忘功、執小忘大、守無名之樸、非可以人力為之別；大旨歸於道大無方、功成不有、不為主而常無欲，終以不自大而成其大。", "concepts": [ { "id": "dao-fan-qi-ke-zuo-you", "name": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "nameTrad": "大道汎兮，其可左右", "question": "「汎兮」形容道的什麼樣態？「可左右」是無所不至，還是無所偏名？", "questionTrad": "「汎兮」形容道的什麼樣態？「可左右」是無所不至，還是無所偏名？", "intro": "河上公以汎為無滯，言道汎汎若浮若有若無，視之不見、說之殊離、罄無不宜，在人所用故用周内外、左右咸得。王弼謂道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用則無所不至。唐玄宗御注以無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名；御疏以汎兮為無繫之貌，非陰非陽、非柔非剛，汎然無繫而能應衆象，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」。李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為喻，不繫者無滯於西東，玄通者寧封於左右，入毫芒而遺小、彌宇宙而忘大。陸希聲以大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前後。呂惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，以大道無乎不在釋可左右。蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至。吳澄以汎為廣，如水之汎濫洋溢、道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可。憨山以道大無方、體虚而無系著，故應用無所不至。魏源本義引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」。王夫之以天地與物為往來、荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，推言道之無方。諸家皆以「汎兮」狀道之無繫無方，「可左右」狀其無所不至、無所偏名。", "introTrad": "河上公以汎為無滯，言道汎汎若浮若有若無，視之不見、說之殊離、罄無不宜，在人所用故用周内外、左右咸得。王弼謂道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用則無所不至。唐玄宗御注以無繫而能應物、左右無所偏名；御疏以汎兮為無繫之貌，非陰非陽、非柔非剛，汎然無繫而能應衆象，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」。李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、大道汎而玄通為喻，不繫者無滯於西東，玄通者寧封於左右，入毫芒而遺小、彌宇宙而忘大。陸希聲以大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前後。呂惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，以大道無乎不在釋可左右。蘇轍謂汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至。吳澄以汎為廣，如水之汎濫洋溢、道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可。憨山以道大無方、體虚而無系著，故應用無所不至。魏源本義引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」。王夫之以天地與物為往來、荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，推言道之無方。諸家皆以「汎兮」狀道之無繫無方，「可左右」狀其無所不至、無所偏名。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "汎是無滯，道若浮若有若無，用周内外，左右咸得。", "thesisTrad": "汎是無滯，道若浮若有若無，用周内外，左右咸得。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "泛是无滞，道若浮若有若无，用周内外，左右咸得。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用，則無所不至。", "thesisTrad": "道汎濫無所不適，可左右上下周旋而用，則無所不至。", "noteIds": [ "c003" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道泛滥无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用，则无所不至。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "大道無繫而能應物，左右無所偏名；非陰非陽、非柔非剛，汎然無繫而能應衆象。", "thesisTrad": "大道無繫而能應物，左右無所偏名；非陰非陽、非柔非剛，汎然無繫而能應衆象。", "noteIds": [ "c011", "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "大道无系而能应物，左右无所偏名；非阴非阳、非柔非刚，泛然无系而能应众象。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "虚舟汎而不繫，大道汎而玄通；不繫者無滯於西東，玄通者寧封於左右。", "thesisTrad": "虚舟汎而不繫，大道汎而玄通；不繫者無滯於西東，玄通者寧封於左右。", "noteIds": [ "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "虚舟泛而不系，大道泛而玄通；不系者无滞于西东，玄通者宁封于左右。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前後。", "thesisTrad": "大道之用猶鬼神之德，汎汎乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前後。", "noteIds": [ "c028" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前后。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "在物一曲者非大道；大道無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右。", "thesisTrad": "在物一曲者非大道；大道無乎不在，故汎兮其可左右。", "noteIds": [ "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "在物一曲者非大道；大道无乎不在，故泛兮其可左右。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至。", "thesisTrad": "汎兮無可無不可，故左右上下周旋無不至。", "noteIds": [ "c038" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "泛兮无可无不可，故左右上下周旋无不至。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "汎，廣也；道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可。", "thesisTrad": "汎，廣也；道之廣無所不在，取之左右無所不可。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "泛，广也；道之广无所不在，取之左右无所不可。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "道大無方，體虚而無系著，故應用無所不至，故曰其可左右。", "thesisTrad": "道大無方，體虚而無系著，故應用無所不至，故曰其可左右。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "道大无方，体虚而无系着，故应用无所不至，故曰其可左右。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "本義引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」，以道無所不宜。", "thesisTrad": "本義引蘇轍「泛兮無可無不可者大道也」，以道無所不宜。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "本义引苏辙「泛兮无可无不可者大道也」，以道无所不宜。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "天地且然，而況於道；荒荒乎其未有畔，脉脉乎其有以通。", "thesisTrad": "天地且然，而況於道；荒荒乎其未有畔，脉脉乎其有以通。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "天地且然，而况于道；荒荒乎其未有畔，脉脉乎其有以通。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以「無滯」釋汎，道若浮若有若無，用周内外而左右咸得。", "textTrad": "河上公以「無滯」釋汎，道若浮若有若無，用周内外而左右咸得。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以「无滞」释泛，道若浮若有若无，用周内外而左右咸得。" }, { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「汎濫無所不適」申之，左右上下周旋而用，無所不至。", "textTrad": "王弼以「汎濫無所不適」申之，左右上下周旋而用，無所不至。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「泛滥无所不适」申之，左右上下周旋而用，无所不至。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗御疏以「無繫之貌」定義汎兮，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」為證。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御疏以「無繫之貌」定義汎兮，引《莊子》「夫道未始有封」為證。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御疏以「无系之貌」定义泛兮，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」为证。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "轉深", "relationTrad": "轉深", "text": "呂惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，再以「無乎不在」立大道之全。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，再以「無乎不在」立大道之全。", "relationSimp": "转深", "textSimp": "吕惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，再以「无乎不在」立大道之全。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "別解", "relationTrad": "別解", "text": "王夫之把「可左右」推向天地與物往來、荒荒未有畔的宇宙論說。", "textTrad": "王夫之把「可左右」推向天地與物往來、荒荒未有畔的宇宙論說。", "relationSimp": "别解", "textSimp": "王夫之把「可左右」推向天地与物往来、荒荒未有畔的宇宙论说。" } ], "nameSimp": "大道泛兮，其可左右", "questionSimp": "「泛兮」形容道的什么样态？「可左右」是无所不至，还是无所偏名？", "introSimp": "河上公以泛为无滞，言道泛泛若浮若有若无，视之不见、说之殊离、罄无不宜，在人所用故用周内外、左右咸得。王弼谓道泛滥无所不适，可左右上下周旋而用则无所不至。唐玄宗御注以无系而能应物、左右无所偏名；御疏以泛兮为无系之貌，非阴非阳、非柔非刚，泛然无系而能应众象，引《庄子》「夫道未始有封」。李荣以虚舟泛而不系、大道泛而玄通为喻，不系者无滞于西东，玄通者宁封于左右，入毫芒而遗小、弥宇宙而忘大。陆希声以大道之用犹鬼神之德，泛泛乎可在左可在右，洋洋乎若在上若在前后。吕惠卿先破「在物一曲」之偏，以大道无乎不在释可左右。苏辙谓泛兮无可无不可，故左右上下周旋无不至。吴澄以泛为广，如水之泛滥洋溢、道之广无所不在，取之左右无所不可。憨山以道大无方、体虚而无系着，故应用无所不至。魏源本义引苏辙「泛兮无可无不可者大道也」。王夫之以天地与物为往来、荒荒乎其未有畔、脉脉乎其有以通，推言道之无方。诸家皆以「泛兮」状道之无系无方，「可左右」状其无所不至、无所偏名。" }, { "id": "wan-wu-shi-zhi-bu-ci", "name": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "nameTrad": "萬物恃之而生而不辭，功成不名有", "question": "「不辭」是不辭勞苦，還是不辭謝？「不名有」是忘功還是無功？", "questionTrad": "「不辭」是不辭勞苦，還是不辭謝？「不名有」是忘功還是無功？", "intro": "河上公以恃為待、辭為憚，物實資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。王弼以萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由，申不辭不有之義。唐玄宗御疏謂天地萬物皆恃賴大道通生之功以全其生理，道雖生物而不辭以為勞倦，又解云物不辭謝於道；御注以功用備成、不名己有為忘功，御疏申之。李榮以物之得生皆賴大道，能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德，不相辭謝；能所皆忘故不名有。陸希聲以為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故其功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功。呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭、功成不居、衣被萬物而不為主。蘇轍以世有生物而不辭者必將名之以為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生，生而不辭、成而不有者唯道。吳澄以生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言；功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。憨山以本無我故任物自生、功成而不名己有。魏源以「恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣，「功成不名有」指道之隱者、體之微。王夫之以天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，己生貴而物生不逆。諸家於「不辭」有辭憚、不辭謝兩解，於「不名有」皆歸於忘功不居。", "introTrad": "河上公以恃為待、辭為憚，物實資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。王弼以萬物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由，申不辭不有之義。唐玄宗御疏謂天地萬物皆恃賴大道通生之功以全其生理，道雖生物而不辭以為勞倦，又解云物不辭謝於道；御注以功用備成、不名己有為忘功，御疏申之。李榮以物之得生皆賴大道，能生者不以為功、所生者不以為德，不相辭謝；能所皆忘故不名有。陸希聲以為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故其功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功。呂惠卿謂萬物恃之以生而不辭、功成不居、衣被萬物而不為主。蘇轍以世有生物而不辭者必將名之以為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生，生而不辭、成而不有者唯道。吳澄以生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言；功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。憨山以本無我故任物自生、功成而不名己有。魏源以「恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣，「功成不名有」指道之隱者、體之微。王夫之以天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，己生貴而物生不逆。諸家於「不辭」有辭憚、不辭謝兩解，於「不名有」皆歸於忘功不居。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "恃，待也；辭，憚也。物資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。", "thesisTrad": "恃，待也；辭，憚也。物資待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辭憚。", "noteIds": [ "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "恃，待也；辞，惮也。物资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由，故不辭不有。", "thesisTrad": "萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由，故不辭不有。", "noteIds": [ "c004" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "万物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由，故不辞不有。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "道雖生物而不辭以為勞倦；功用備成而不名己有，言忘功也。", "thesisTrad": "道雖生物而不辭以為勞倦；功用備成而不名己有，言忘功也。", "noteIds": [ "c013", "c014", "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "道虽生物而不辞以为劳倦；功用备成而不名己有，言忘功也。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "物之得生皆賴大道；能生者不以為功，所生者不以為德，能所皆忘故不名有。", "thesisTrad": "物之得生皆賴大道；能生者不以為功，所生者不以為德，能所皆忘故不名有。", "noteIds": [ "c023", "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "物之得生皆赖大道；能生者不以为功，所生者不以为德，能所皆忘故不名有。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功。", "thesisTrad": "為萬物之母故恃之以生，與天地合德故功易成，親之至故不謝厥德，大之極故不稱有功。", "noteIds": [ "c029" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "为万物之母故恃之以生，与天地合德故功易成，亲之至故不谢厥德，大之极故不称有功。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "萬物恃之以生而不辭，功成不居，衣被萬物而不為主。", "thesisTrad": "萬物恃之以生而不辭，功成不居，衣被萬物而不為主。", "noteIds": [ "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "万物恃之以生而不辞，功成不居，衣被万物而不为主。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "世有生物而不辭者必將名之為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生；生而不辭、成而不有者唯道。", "thesisTrad": "世有生物而不辭者必將名之為己有，有避物而不有者必將辭物而不生；生而不辭、成而不有者唯道。", "noteIds": [ "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "世有生物而不辞者必将名之为己有，有避物而不有者必将辞物而不生；生而不辞、成而不有者唯道。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言；功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。", "thesisTrad": "生謂春生之始，萬物賴道以生而道則無言；功成謂冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "生谓春生之始，万物赖道以生而道则无言；功成谓冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "體虚無物故生物而不辭；本無我、任物自生，故功成而不名己有。", "thesisTrad": "體虚無物故生物而不辭；本無我、任物自生，故功成而不名己有。", "noteIds": [ "c046", "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "体虚无物故生物而不辞；本无我、任物自生，故功成而不名己有。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "「恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣；「功成不名有」指道之隱者、體之微。", "thesisTrad": "「恃之以生而不辭」指道之費者、用之廣；「功成不名有」指道之隱者、體之微。", "noteIds": [ "c050", "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "「恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者、用之广；「功成不名有」指道之隐者、体之微。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，己生貴而物生不逆。", "thesisTrad": "天地與物為往來而聊以自壽，己生貴而物生不逆。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "天地与物为往来而聊以自寿，己生贵而物生不逆。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c002", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以「恃，待也；辭，憚也」訓詁，道生成萬物而不辭憚。", "textTrad": "河上公以「恃，待也；辭，憚也」訓詁，道生成萬物而不辭憚。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以「恃，待也；辞，惮也」训诂，道生成万物而不辞惮。" }, { "noteId": "c004", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由」申不辭不有。", "textTrad": "王弼以「萬物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由」申不辭不有。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「万物皆由道而生，既生而不知其所由」申不辞不有。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗御疏以「功成而不名有」為忘功。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御疏以「功成而不名有」為忘功。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御疏以「功成而不名有」为忘功。" }, { "noteId": "c039", "relation": "別解", "relationTrad": "別解", "text": "蘇轍以「生而不辭、成而不有者唯道」對舉世之生物者與避物者。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以「生而不辭、成而不有者唯道」對舉世之生物者與避物者。", "relationSimp": "别解", "textSimp": "苏辙以「生而不辞、成而不有者唯道」对举世之生物者与避物者。" } ], "nameSimp": "万物恃之而生而不辞，功成不名有", "questionSimp": "「不辞」是不辞劳苦，还是不辞谢？「不名有」是忘功还是无功？", "introSimp": "河上公以恃为待、辞为惮，物实资待至道而得生成，道能生成而不辞惮。王弼以万物皆由道而生、既生而不知其所由，申不辞不有之义。唐玄宗御疏谓天地万物皆恃赖大道通生之功以全其生理，道虽生物而不辞以为劳倦，又解云物不辞谢于道；御注以功用备成、不名己有为忘功，御疏申之。李荣以物之得生皆赖大道，能生者不以为功、所生者不以为德，不相辞谢；能所皆忘故不名有。陆希声以为万物之母故恃之以生，与天地合德故其功易成，亲之至故不谢厥德，大之极故不称有功。吕惠卿谓万物恃之以生而不辞、功成不居、衣被万物而不为主。苏辙以世有生物而不辞者必将名之以为己有，有避物而不有者必将辞物而不生，生而不辞、成而不有者唯道。吴澄以生谓春生之始，万物赖道以生而道则无言；功成谓冬藏之宰，物之功既成而道不居其功。憨山以本无我故任物自生、功成而不名己有。魏源以「恃之以生而不辞」指道之费者、用之广，「功成不名有」指道之隐者、体之微。王夫之以天地与物为往来而聊以自寿，己生贵而物生不逆。诸家于「不辞」有辞惮、不辞谢两解，于「不名有」皆归于忘功不居。" }, { "id": "ke-ming-yu-xiao-da", "name": "可名於小，可名為大", "nameTrad": "可名於小，可名為大", "question": "道既「可名於小」又「可名為大」，究竟是可名還是不可名？", "questionTrad": "道既「可名於小」又「可名為大」，究竟是可名還是不可名？", "intro": "王弼以天下常無欲之時萬物各得其所、若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而力使不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大。成玄英以覆育萬物而匿德藏名、泊然無形為不為主、似若微小，言不小也；以道能生長、為物所歸，譬彼大海方兹虚谷而終不為物主，言不可名大。唐玄宗御注以於物無欲則可名於小、言不可名小，萬物歸之而不為主則可名為大、言不可名大，非小非大故以難名；御疏申「言不可名於小」「非小非大固難與為名」。李榮以生育普均、長而不宰故不為主，可言於小、言不小也；萬象輪迴不出無形之表，故曰歸之，可名於大、言不大也。陸希聲以慈育萬類、長而不宰，故常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海，可名其道為大。呂惠卿以常無欲則妙之至故可名於小，萬物歸焉而不知主則容之至故可名於大，既大而可名於小則非大，非大非小故隱於無名。蘇轍以「大而有為大之心則小矣」一語收之。吳澄以春生之時道普徧萬物而不自為之主，此一本之散為萬殊，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬物反本復命、會歸于一，此萬殊之合為一本，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也。憨山以其體至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小，萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大。魏源以常無欲、可名於小者為樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；萬物歸往、可名於大者為萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也。王夫之謂不見可欲非以窒欲、迭與為主非以辭主。諸家多以「可名」為反語，實謂小大皆不足以名道；魏源則以觀妙觀徼分體用。", "introTrad": "王弼以天下常無欲之時萬物各得其所、若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而力使不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大。成玄英以覆育萬物而匿德藏名、泊然無形為不為主、似若微小，言不小也；以道能生長、為物所歸，譬彼大海方兹虚谷而終不為物主，言不可名大。唐玄宗御注以於物無欲則可名於小、言不可名小，萬物歸之而不為主則可名為大、言不可名大，非小非大故以難名；御疏申「言不可名於小」「非小非大固難與為名」。李榮以生育普均、長而不宰故不為主，可言於小、言不小也；萬象輪迴不出無形之表，故曰歸之，可名於大、言不大也。陸希聲以慈育萬類、長而不宰，故常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，若川谷之與江海，可名其道為大。呂惠卿以常無欲則妙之至故可名於小，萬物歸焉而不知主則容之至故可名於大，既大而可名於小則非大，非大非小故隱於無名。蘇轍以「大而有為大之心則小矣」一語收之。吳澄以春生之時道普徧萬物而不自為之主，此一本之散為萬殊，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬物反本復命、會歸于一，此萬殊之合為一本，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也。憨山以其體至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小，萬物歸焉而不為主則可名為大。魏源以常無欲、可名於小者為樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；萬物歸往、可名於大者為萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也。王夫之謂不見可欲非以窒欲、迭與為主非以辭主。諸家多以「可名」為反語，實謂小大皆不足以名道；魏源則以觀妙觀徼分體用。", "positions": { "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大。", "thesisTrad": "若道無施於物故名於小；萬物皆歸之以生而不知其所由，此不為小故復可名於大。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "若道无施于物故名于小；万物皆归之以生而不知其所由，此不为小故复可名于大。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "匿德藏名、泊然無形故似若微小，言不小也；為物所歸而不為物主，言不可名大。", "thesisTrad": "匿德藏名、泊然無形故似若微小，言不小也；為物所歸而不為物主，言不可名大。", "noteIds": [ "c008", "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "匿德藏名、泊然无形故似若微小，言不小也；为物所归而不为物主，言不可名大。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "可名於小者言不可名小，可名為大者言不可名大；非小非大故以難名。", "thesisTrad": "可名於小者言不可名小，可名為大者言不可名大；非小非大故以難名。", "noteIds": [ "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "可名于小者言不可名小，可名为大者言不可名大；非小非大故以难名。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "生育普均、長而不宰，可言於小，言不小也；萬象歸之，可名於大，言不大也。", "thesisTrad": "生育普均、長而不宰，可言於小，言不小也；萬象歸之，可名於大，言不大也。", "noteIds": [ "c025", "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "生育普均、长而不宰，可言于小，言不小也；万象归之，可名于大，言不大也。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，可名其道為大。", "thesisTrad": "常無欲以觀其妙，可名其樸為小；萬物歸之而不為尊主，可名其道為大。", "noteIds": [ "c030", "c031" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "常无欲以观其妙，可名其朴为小；万物归之而不为尊主，可名其道为大。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "常無欲則妙之至故可名於小，萬物歸焉而不知主則容之至故可名於大；非大非小，道隱於無名。", "thesisTrad": "常無欲則妙之至故可名於小，萬物歸焉而不知主則容之至故可名於大；非大非小，道隱於無名。", "noteIds": [ "c035", "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "常无欲则妙之至故可名于小，万物归焉而不知主则容之至故可名于大；非大非小，道隐于无名。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "大而有為大之心則小矣。", "thesisTrad": "大而有為大之心則小矣。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "大而有为大之心则小矣。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "春生之時一本散為萬殊，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬殊合為一本，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也。", "thesisTrad": "春生之時一本散為萬殊，其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也；冬藏之時萬殊合為一本，其可名之於大矣乎，蓋不可也。", "noteIds": [ "c043", "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "春生之时一本散为万殊，其可名之于小矣乎，盖不可也；冬藏之时万殊合为一本，其可名之于大矣乎，盖不可也。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小；萬物歸焉而不為主，則可名為大。", "thesisTrad": "至淡無味、無可欲，故不足視、似可名於小；萬物歸焉而不為主，則可名為大。", "noteIds": [ "c047", "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "至淡无味、无可欲，故不足视、似可名于小；万物归焉而不为主，则可名为大。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "可名於小者，樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；可名於大者，萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也。", "thesisTrad": "可名於小者，樸之小而可以觀妙，體也；可名於大者，萬物將自賓而可以觀徼，用也。", "noteIds": [ "c051", "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "可名于小者，朴之小而可以观妙，体也；可名于大者，万物将自宾而可以观徼，用也。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "不見可欲非以窒欲，迭與為主非以辭主。", "thesisTrad": "不見可欲非以窒欲，迭與為主非以辭主。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "不见可欲非以窒欲，迭与为主非以辞主。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "成玄英以「匿德藏名、泊然無形」釋不為主，故似若微小。", "textTrad": "成玄英以「匿德藏名、泊然無形」釋不為主，故似若微小。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "成玄英以「匿德藏名、泊然无形」释不为主，故似若微小。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗御疏以「言不可名於小」解可名於小，小大皆不足以名道。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御疏以「言不可名於小」解可名於小，小大皆不足以名道。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御疏以「言不可名于小」解可名于小，小大皆不足以名道。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "轉深", "relationTrad": "轉深", "text": "呂惠卿以「常無欲則妙之至」把可名於小收歸無欲。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以「常無欲則妙之至」把可名於小收歸無欲。", "relationSimp": "转深", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以「常无欲则妙之至」把可名于小收归无欲。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以春生冬藏分釋小大，謂「其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也」。", "textTrad": "吳澄以春生冬藏分釋小大，謂「其可名之於小矣乎，蓋不可也」。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以春生冬藏分释小大，谓「其可名之于小矣乎，盖不可也」。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "別解", "relationTrad": "別解", "text": "魏源所引呂惠卿說以「非小非大」收束，道隱於無名。", "textTrad": "魏源所引呂惠卿說以「非小非大」收束，道隱於無名。", "relationSimp": "别解", "textSimp": "魏源所引吕惠卿说以「非小非大」收束，道隐于无名。" } ], "nameSimp": "可名于小，可名为大", "questionSimp": "道既「可名于小」又「可名为大」，究竟是可名还是不可名？", "introSimp": "王弼以天下常无欲之时万物各得其所、若道无施于物故名于小；万物皆归之以生而力使不知其所由，此不为小故复可名于大。成玄英以复育万物而匿德藏名、泊然无形为不为主、似若微小，言不小也；以道能生长、为物所归，譬彼大海方兹虚谷而终不为物主，言不可名大。唐玄宗御注以于物无欲则可名于小、言不可名小，万物归之而不为主则可名为大、言不可名大，非小非大故以难名；御疏申「言不可名于小」「非小非大固难与为名」。李荣以生育普均、长而不宰故不为主，可言于小、言不小也；万象轮回不出无形之表，故曰归之，可名于大、言不大也。陆希声以慈育万类、长而不宰，故常无欲以观其妙，可名其朴为小；万物归之而不为尊主，若川谷之与江海，可名其道为大。吕惠卿以常无欲则妙之至故可名于小，万物归焉而不知主则容之至故可名于大，既大而可名于小则非大，非大非小故隐于无名。苏辙以「大而有为大之心则小矣」一语收之。吴澄以春生之时道普徧万物而不自为之主，此一本之散为万殊，其可名之于小矣乎，盖不可也；冬藏之时万物反本复命、会归于一，此万殊之合为一本，其可名之于大矣乎，盖不可也。憨山以其体至淡无味、无可欲，故不足视、似可名于小，万物归焉而不为主则可名为大。魏源以常无欲、可名于小者为朴之小而可以观妙，体也；万物归往、可名于大者为万物将自宾而可以观徼，用也。王夫之谓不见可欲非以窒欲、迭与为主非以辞主。诸家多以「可名」为反语，实谓小大皆不足以名道；魏源则以观妙观徼分体用。" }, { "id": "bu-zi-wei-da", "name": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "nameTrad": "以其終不自為大，故能成其大", "question": "為什麼「不自為大」反而「能成其大」？聖人與道如何同此一理？", "questionTrad": "為什麼「不自為大」反而「能成其大」？聖人與道如何同此一理？", "intro": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」，以細易之積釋不自為大。成玄英以體道聖人忘我存物、靜退謙柔，忘功忘大，故為衆聖之長、獨居三界之尊而成其大。唐玄宗御注以聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業；御疏以布德施惠、淳風偃物、化遂生成而不自為尊大。李榮以執則成小、忘則為大，不大而大故言成其大。陸希聲以川谷赴江海受之而不厭、未嘗自尊，天下歸聖人而聖人容之不倦，守無名之小樸、終不自以為大，故為萬物所賓而卒能成其大。呂惠卿以非大非小、道隱無名，聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。蘇轍以「大而有為大之心則小矣」反照之。吳澄以天地歲功成而萬物歸、不居其功而萬物不知所主，是天地之道雖大而不自以為大，聖人亦若此，故能成其大。憨山以聖人忘形釋智、圖於至細、志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大；侯王專務於大則不能。魏源以聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之，知大道非可以人力為。王夫之反詰「亟欲成其大者」，謂彼不足以知此。諸家皆以不自大為成大的根據，或就道言，或就聖人言，或就天地言。", "introTrad": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」，以細易之積釋不自為大。成玄英以體道聖人忘我存物、靜退謙柔，忘功忘大，故為衆聖之長、獨居三界之尊而成其大。唐玄宗御注以聖人法道忘功、終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業；御疏以布德施惠、淳風偃物、化遂生成而不自為尊大。李榮以執則成小、忘則為大，不大而大故言成其大。陸希聲以川谷赴江海受之而不厭、未嘗自尊，天下歸聖人而聖人容之不倦，守無名之小樸、終不自以為大，故為萬物所賓而卒能成其大。呂惠卿以非大非小、道隱無名，聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。蘇轍以「大而有為大之心則小矣」反照之。吳澄以天地歲功成而萬物歸、不居其功而萬物不知所主，是天地之道雖大而不自以為大，聖人亦若此，故能成其大。憨山以聖人忘形釋智、圖於至細、志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大；侯王專務於大則不能。魏源以聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之，知大道非可以人力為。王夫之反詰「亟欲成其大者」，謂彼不足以知此。諸家皆以不自大為成大的根據，或就道言，或就聖人言，或就天地言。", "positions": { "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "為大於其細，圖難於其易。", "thesisTrad": "為大於其細，圖難於其易。", "noteIds": [ "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "为大于其细，图难于其易。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "忘我存物、靜退謙柔，忘功忘大，故為衆聖之長而成其大。", "thesisTrad": "忘我存物、靜退謙柔，忘功忘大，故為衆聖之長而成其大。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "忘我存物、静退谦柔，忘功忘大，故为众圣之长而成其大。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "聖人法道忘功，終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業。", "thesisTrad": "聖人法道忘功，終不自為光大，故能成其光大之業。", "noteIds": [ "c020", "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "圣人法道忘功，终不自为光大，故能成其光大之业。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "執則成小，忘則為大，不大而大故言成其大。", "thesisTrad": "執則成小，忘則為大，不大而大故言成其大。", "noteIds": [ "c027" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "执则成小，忘则为大，不大而大故言成其大。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "聖人守無名之小樸，終不自以為大，故為萬物所賓而卒能成其大。", "thesisTrad": "聖人守無名之小樸，終不自以為大，故為萬物所賓而卒能成其大。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "圣人守无名之小朴，终不自以为大，故为万物所宾而卒能成其大。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "非大非小，道隱於無名；聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。", "thesisTrad": "非大非小，道隱於無名；聖人體道，其成其大豈自大哉。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "非大非小，道隐于无名；圣人体道，其成其大岂自大哉。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "大而有為大之心則小矣。", "thesisTrad": "大而有為大之心則小矣。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "大而有为大之心则小矣。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天地之道雖大而不自以為大，聖人亦若此，故能成其大。", "thesisTrad": "天地之道雖大而不自以為大，聖人亦若此，故能成其大。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天地之道虽大而不自以为大，圣人亦若此，故能成其大。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人忘形釋智，志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大。", "thesisTrad": "聖人忘形釋智，志與道合，終不為大，故能成其大。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人忘形释智，志与道合，终不为大，故能成其大。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之；大道非可以人力為。", "thesisTrad": "聖人終守其樸之小、不肯自大，而萬物皆歸之；大道非可以人力為。", "noteIds": [ "c052", "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大，而万物皆归之；大道非可以人力为。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "彼亟欲成其大者，惡足以知之。", "thesisTrad": "彼亟欲成其大者，惡足以知之。", "noteIds": [ "c057" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "彼亟欲成其大者，恶足以知之。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」，以細易釋不自為大。", "textTrad": "王弼引「為大於其細，圖難於其易」，以細易釋不自為大。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "王弼引「为大于其细，图难于其易」，以细易释不自为大。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "成玄英以「忘功忘大」故為衆聖之長，成其大。", "textTrad": "成玄英以「忘功忘大」故為衆聖之長，成其大。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "成玄英以「忘功忘大」故为众圣之长，成其大。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗御疏以「不自為尊大」解之，成其光大之業。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗御疏以「不自為尊大」解之，成其光大之業。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗御疏以「不自为尊大」解之，成其光大之业。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "轉深", "relationTrad": "轉深", "text": "李榮以「執則成小，忘則為大」點出小大之機在心之執忘。", "textTrad": "李榮以「執則成小，忘則為大」點出小大之機在心之執忘。", "relationSimp": "转深", "textSimp": "李荣以「执则成小，忘则为大」点出小大之机在心之执忘。" }, { "noteId": "c057", "relation": "異解", "relationTrad": "異解", "text": "王夫之反詰「亟欲成其大者」，以不知大道者收束。", "textTrad": "王夫之反詰「亟欲成其大者」，以不知大道者收束。", "relationSimp": "异解", "textSimp": "王夫之反诘「亟欲成其大者」，以不知大道者收束。" } ], "nameSimp": "以其终不自为大，故能成其大", "questionSimp": "为什么「不自为大」反而「能成其大」？圣人与道如何同此一理？", "introSimp": "王弼引「为大于其细，图难于其易」，以细易之积释不自为大。成玄英以体道圣人忘我存物、静退谦柔，忘功忘大，故为众圣之长、独居三界之尊而成其大。唐玄宗御注以圣人法道忘功、终不自为光大，故能成其光大之业；御疏以布德施惠、淳风偃物、化遂生成而不自为尊大。李荣以执则成小、忘则为大，不大而大故言成其大。陆希声以川谷赴江海受之而不厌、未尝自尊，天下归圣人而圣人容之不倦，守无名之小朴、终不自以为大，故为万物所宾而卒能成其大。吕惠卿以非大非小、道隐无名，圣人体道，其成其大岂自大哉。苏辙以「大而有为大之心则小矣」反照之。吴澄以天地岁功成而万物归、不居其功而万物不知所主，是天地之道虽大而不自以为大，圣人亦若此，故能成其大。憨山以圣人忘形释智、图于至细、志与道合，终不为大，故能成其大；侯王专务于大则不能。魏源以圣人终守其朴之小、不肯自大，而万物皆归之，知大道非可以人力为。王夫之反诘「亟欲成其大者」，谓彼不足以知此。诸家皆以不自大为成大的根据，或就道言，或就圣人言，或就天地言。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "wangbi", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.898Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-34", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "daojing", "order": 1, "title": "道經", "titleSimp": "道经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-34", "slug": "34", "order": 34, "title": "第三十四章", "titleSimp": "第三十四章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「大道汎兮，其可左右」發端，六句轉進：萬物恃之而生而不辭、功成不名有，衣養萬物而不為主、常無欲、可名於小，萬物歸焉而不為主、可名為大，末以「以其終不自為大，故能成其大」收束。十二家注疏並觀：河上公以汎為無滯、以辭為憚；王弼謂道汎濫無所不適、為大於其細；成玄英僅存四條，以匿德藏名、忘我存物為說；唐玄宗御注御疏以無繫應物、言不可名小大、法道忘功分釋；李榮以虚舟汎而不繫、執則成小忘則為大立論；陸希聲以鬼神之德、川谷江海為喻；呂惠卿謂非大非小、道隱於無名；蘇轍以生而不辭成而不有唯道；吳澄分春生冬藏、以疑問之辭釋可名小大；憨山以道大無方、忘形釋智為宗；魏源本義全引蘇轍、呂惠卿二家，以觀妙觀徼分體用；王夫之謂天地與物往來、功名無系。河上公此章僅二條、成玄英僅四條，故後四句與前二句分別無注，唐玄宗「萬物恃之以生而不辭」句無御注；嚴遵無輯文、俞樾未列。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第二十九章；王弼此章注凡四條，異文並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「大道泛兮，其可左右」发端，六句转进：万物恃之而生而不辞、功成不名有，衣养万物而不为主、常无欲、可名于小，万物归焉而不为主、可名为大，末以「以其终不自为大，故能成其大」收束。十二家注疏并观：河上公以泛为无滞、以辞为惮；王弼谓道泛滥无所不适、为大于其细；成玄英仅存四条，以匿德藏名、忘我存物为说；唐玄宗御注御疏以无系应物、言不可名小大、法道忘功分释；李荣以虚舟泛而不系、执则成小忘则为大立论；陆希声以鬼神之德、川谷江海为喻；吕惠卿谓非大非小、道隐于无名；苏辙以生而不辞成而不有唯道；吴澄分春生冬藏、以疑问之辞释可名小大；憨山以道大无方、忘形释智为宗；魏源本义全引苏辙、吕惠卿二家，以观妙观徼分体用；王夫之谓天地与物往来、功名无系。河上公此章仅二条、成玄英仅四条，故后四句与前二句分别无注，唐玄宗「万物恃之以生而不辞」句无御注；严遵无辑文、俞樾未列。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第二十九章；王弼此章注凡四条，异文并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-34.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-34.json", "url": "/laozi/34/", "orderLabel": "第三十四", "volumeId": "daojing", "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经" }, "paragraphs": [ { "id": "p001", "no": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001", "s002", "s003", "s004", "s005", "s006" ], "count": 6 } ], "coverage": { "sentences": 6, "paragraphs": 1, "notes": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100 }, "charNotes": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100 }, "collations": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100, "count": 11 }, "translations": { "covered": 6, "total": 6, "percent": 100 } } }