{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-37", "no": 37, "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经", "title": "第三十七章", "titleSimp": "第三十七章", "intro": "《老子》第三十七章，河上公題「為政」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「道常無為章第三十七」，王弼本無章題。此章為道經末章，全章五句：首言道常無為而無不為；次言侯王若能守之、萬物將自化；次言化而欲作、吾將鎮之以無名之樸；次言無名之樸、夫亦將無欲；末言不欲以靜、天下將自定。河上公以道以無為為常，侯王守道則萬物自化；欲作巧偽者當鎮撫以道德；無名之樸亦將不欲，當以清淨道化。王弼以道常無為、順自然，而萬物無不由為以治以成；化而欲作，作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主；無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。成玄英以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用應物動作，明本迹寂動相即；眾生起修有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，以空遣有；又不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。唐玄宗御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為；御疏申以道性清淨、有感必應，有為則有所不為、無為則無所不為；鎮之以無名之樸，復恐尋迹喪本，故於樸亦將兼忘，如病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟。陸希聲以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為，守始母之術則民自化；利欲萌兆則以大道之質奠正之，終使心迹兼忘、事理玄會。呂惠卿以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為故萬物自化；自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸，樸亦不欲，則未始有夫無為，天下自正。蘇轍以聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為而漸至於作，方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之；聖人中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。吳澄以道之無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為；侯王守之則物自化；有心欲其化則非無為，鎮之以無名之樸，則欲亦將不欲；靜為作之反，天下將自正。憨山以人君乘流救弊，守道則萬物自化；欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執，如病去忘藥，以靜制動，天下自正。魏源以此章言萬物自化、氣運日趨於文，欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文；無欲則靜，靜則正而返於樸；並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說背黃老清淨之旨。王夫之以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止，無名與有名為侶，畏其用故並去其欲；知物之本正而不敢正之以化，其道測之重玄而反淺、即之妙門而反深。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。李榮《道德真經注》卷四末注「後文元闕」，此章無注；嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷十亦無本章輯文；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第三十二章。", "introSimp": "《老子》第三十七章，河上公题「为政」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「道常无为章第三十七」，王弼本无章题。此章为道经末章，全章五句：首言道常无为而无不为；次言侯王若能守之、万物将自化；次言化而欲作、吾将镇之以无名之朴；次言无名之朴、夫亦将无欲；末言不欲以静、天下将自定。河上公以道以无为为常，侯王守道则万物自化；欲作巧伪者当镇抚以道德；无名之朴亦将不欲，当以清净道化。王弼以道常无为、顺自然，而万物无不由为以治以成；化而欲作，作欲成也，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主；无名之朴亦将无欲，无欲竞也。成玄英以凝常之道寂尔无为、从体起用应物动作，明本迹寂动相即；众生起修有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，以空遣有；又不得欲此无名之朴，有无双离，遣之又遣，故天下自正。唐玄宗御注以妙本清静故常无为、物恃以生而无不为；御疏申以道性清净、有感必应，有为则有所不为、无为则无所不为；镇之以无名之朴，复恐寻迹丧本，故于朴亦将兼忘，如病愈忘药、济而遗舟。陆希声以体无名故无为、用有名故无不为，守始母之术则民自化；利欲萌兆则以大道之质奠正之，终使心迹兼忘、事理玄会。吕惠卿以道常无名、有名者宾，无为而无不为故万物自化；自化而欲作，镇之以无名之朴，朴亦不欲，则未始有夫无为，天下自正。苏辙以圣人以无为化物，万物化之始于无为而渐至于作，方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之；圣人中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大。吴澄以道之无为乆而不变、当为之事无一不为；侯王守之则物自化；有心欲其化则非无为，镇之以无名之朴，则欲亦将不欲；静为作之反，天下将自正。憨山以人君乘流救弊，守道则万物自化；欲作则镇以无名之朴，然朴亦不可执，如病去忘药，以静制动，天下自正。魏源以此章言万物自化、气运日趋于文，欲心萌作，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文；无欲则静，静则正而返于朴；并辨诸家「朴亦不欲」之说背黄老清净之旨。王夫之以藏朴者终古有器之用、见朴者用极于器而止，无名与有名为侣，畏其用故并去其欲；知物之本正而不敢正之以化，其道测之重玄而反浅、即之妙门而反深。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。李荣《道德真经注》卷四末注「后文元阙」，此章无注；严遵《指归》道经原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷十亦无本章辑文；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第三十二章。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十一家舊注。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、蘇轍、吳澄逐句或分段分疏；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，本站按文義分條。李榮《道德真經注》卷四末注「後文元闕」，此章無注；嚴遵《指歸》此章無輯文；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十一家旧注。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、苏辙、吴澄逐句或分段分疏；陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通释，本站按文义分条。李荣《道德真经注》卷四末注「后文元阙」，此章无注；严遵《指归》此章无辑文；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "slug": "37", "order": 37, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「道常無為而無不為」發端，五句轉進：侯王若能守之、萬物將自化；化而欲作、吾將鎮之以無名之樸；無名之樸、夫亦將無欲；末以「不欲以靜，天下將自定」收束。十一家注疏並觀：河上公以道以無為為常、侯王守道則萬物自化，欲作巧偽者當鎮撫以道德，無名之樸亦將不欲、當以清淨道化；王弼以道常無為、順自然而萬物無不由為以治以成，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主，無名之樸亦將無欲、無欲競也；成玄英以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用應物動作，眾生有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，有無雙離、遣之又遣，故天下自正；唐玄宗御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為，御疏以道性清淨、有感必應，於樸亦將兼忘，如病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟；陸希聲以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為，利欲萌兆則以大道之質奠正之；呂惠卿以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為故萬物自化，樸亦不欲則天下自正；蘇轍以聖人以無為化物，方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之，中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大；吳澄以道之無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為，有心欲其化則非無為，靜為作之反，天下將自正；憨山以守道則萬物自化，樸亦不可執，如病去忘藥，以靜制動；魏源以萬物自化、氣運日趨於文，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文，並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說背黃老清淨之旨；王夫之以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止，無名與有名為侶。河上公三注、王弼三注、成玄英三注、唐玄宗御注御疏六注、陸希聲一注、呂惠卿一注、蘇轍二注、吳澄四注、憨山一注、魏源一注、王夫之一注；李榮卷四末注「後文元闕」、嚴遵《玄德纂疏》卷十無本章輯文、俞樾此章未列，故十一家。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第三十二章；王弼本作「夫亦將無欲」「天下將自定」，諸本多作「亦將不欲」「天下將自正」，魏源作「無欲以靜」，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「道常无为而无不为」发端，五句转进：侯王若能守之、万物将自化；化而欲作、吾将镇之以无名之朴；无名之朴、夫亦将无欲；末以「不欲以静，天下将自定」收束。十一家注疏并观：河上公以道以无为为常、侯王守道则万物自化，欲作巧伪者当镇抚以道德，无名之朴亦将不欲、当以清净道化；王弼以道常无为、顺自然而万物无不由为以治以成，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主，无名之朴亦将无欲、无欲竞也；成玄英以凝常之道寂尔无为、从体起用应物动作，众生有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，有无双离、遣之又遣，故天下自正；唐玄宗御注以妙本清静故常无为、物恃以生而无不为，御疏以道性清净、有感必应，于朴亦将兼忘，如病愈忘药、济而遗舟；陆希声以体无名故无为、用有名故无不为，利欲萌兆则以大道之质奠正之；吕惠卿以道常无名、有名者宾，无为而无不为故万物自化，朴亦不欲则天下自正；苏辙以圣人以无为化物，方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之，中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大；吴澄以道之无为乆而不变、当为之事无一不为，有心欲其化则非无为，静为作之反，天下将自正；憨山以守道则万物自化，朴亦不可执，如病去忘药，以静制动；魏源以万物自化、气运日趋於文，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文，并辨诸家「朴亦不欲」之说背黄老清净之旨；王夫之以藏朴者终古有器之用、见朴者用极于器而止，无名与有名为侣。河上公三注、王弼三注、成玄英三注、唐玄宗御注御疏六注、陆希声一注、吕惠卿一注、苏辙二注、吴澄四注、憨山一注、魏源一注、王夫之一注；李荣卷四末注「后文元阙」、严遵《玄德纂疏》卷十无本章辑文、俞樾此章未列，故十一家。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第三十二章；王弼本作「夫亦将无欲」「天下将自定」，诸本多作「亦将不欲」「天下将自正」，魏源作「无欲以静」，并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-37.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-37.json", "url": "/laozi/37/", "volumeId": "daojing", "volumeTitle": "道經", "volumeTitleSimp": "道经", "orderLabel": "第三十七" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼底本作「道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定」；河上公題「為政第三十七」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「道常無為章第三十七」，吳澄、魏源以此章為其第三十二章。諸本異文：河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山並作「無名之樸（亦將）不欲」，無「夫」字，《經典釋文》亦作「不欲」；魏源從王弼本作「夫亦將無欲」，校記云「各本無夫字」；魏源本作「無欲以靜」，校記云「靜，傅奕作靖」；末句諸本多作「天下將自正」，魏源校記云「正或作定」；王夫之《老子衍》重出「鎮之以無名之樸」一句。正文從王弼本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼底本作「道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定」；河上公题「为政第三十七」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「道常无为章第三十七」，吴澄、魏源以此章为其第三十二章。诸本异文：河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山并作「无名之朴（亦将）不欲」，无「夫」字，《经典释文》亦作「不欲」；魏源从王弼本作「夫亦将无欲」，校记云「各本无夫字」；魏源本作「无欲以静」，校记云「静，傅奕作靖」；末句诸本多作「天下将自正」，魏源校记云「正或作定」；王夫之《老子衍》重出「镇之以无名之朴」一句。正文从王弼本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 5, "commentaries": 26, "charNotes": 12, "collations": 8 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「為政」，以道以無為為常，侯王守道則萬物自化；欲作巧偽者當鎮撫以道德；無名之樸亦將不欲，當以清淨道化，天下自正。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「为政」，以道以无为为常，侯王守道则万物自化；欲作巧伪者当镇抚以道德；无名之朴亦将不欲，当以清净道化，天下自正。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章注凡三條。道常無為、順自然，而萬物無不由為以治以成；化而欲作，作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主；無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。「不欲以靜，天下將自定」句無注。此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章注凡三条。道常无为、顺自然，而万物无不由为以治以成；化而欲作，作欲成也，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主；无名之朴亦将无欲，无欲竞也。「不欲以静，天下将自定」句无注。此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十存三條，以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用應物動作，明本迹寂動相即；眾生起修有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，以空遣有；復不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十存三条，以凝常之道寂尔无为、从体起用应物动作，明本迹寂动相即；众生起修有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，以空遣有；复不得欲此无名之朴，有无双离，遣之又遣，故天下自正。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為；鎮之以無名之樸，復恐尋迹喪本，故於樸亦將兼忘，泊然清淨而天下自正。御疏申以道性清淨、有感必應，有為則有所不為、無為則無所不為；以病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟喻樸亦不欲。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以妙本清静故常无为、物恃以生而无不为；镇之以无名之朴，复恐寻迹丧本，故于朴亦将兼忘，泊然清净而天下自正。御疏申以道性清净、有感必应，有为则有所不为、无为则无所不为；以病愈忘药、济而遗舟喻朴亦不欲。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章以整章一段作傳，以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為，侯王守始母之術則民自化；利欲萌兆則以大道之質奠正之，終使心迹兼忘、事理玄會，以無為為體、無不為為用而統之以兼忘。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章以整章一段作传，以体无名故无为、用有名故无不为，侯王守始母之术则民自化；利欲萌兆则以大道之质奠正之，终使心迹兼忘、事理玄会，以无为为体、无不为为用而统之以兼忘。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "此章整章一傳，以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為故萬物自化；自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸，樸亦不欲，則豈特無為而已，而亦未始有夫無為；天下自正。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "此章整章一传，以道常无名、有名者宾，无为而无不为故万物自化；自化而欲作，镇之以无名之朴，朴亦不欲，则岂特无为而已，而亦未始有夫无为；天下自正。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "此章分段作注，以聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為而漸至於作，方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之；聖人中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "此章分段作注，以圣人以无为化物，万物化之始于无为而渐至于作，方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之；圣人中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "此章為其第三十二章；逐段作注，以道之無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為；侯王守之則物自化；有心欲其化則非無為，鎮之以無名之樸，則欲亦將不欲；靜為作之反，天下將自正。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "此章为其第三十二章；逐段作注，以道之无为乆而不变、当为之事无一不为；侯王守之则物自化；有心欲其化则非无为，镇之以无名之朴，则欲亦将不欲；静为作之反，天下将自正。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "此章整章一解，以人君乘流救弊，守道則萬物自化；欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執，如病去忘藥，以靜制動，天下自正。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "此章整章一解，以人君乘流救弊，守道则万物自化；欲作则镇以无名之朴，然朴亦不可执，如病去忘药，以静制动，天下自正。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清儒治《老》，重校勘與通義；此章為其第三十二章，以萬物自化、氣運日趨於文，欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文；無欲則靜，靜則正而返於樸；並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說背黃老清淨之旨。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清儒治《老》，重校勘与通义；此章为其第三十二章，以万物自化、气运日趋于文，欲心萌作，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文；无欲则静，静则正而返于朴；并辨诸家「朴亦不欲」之说背黄老清净之旨。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "此章衍文一段，以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止，無名與有名為侶，畏其用故並去其欲；知物之本正而不敢正之以化，其道測之重玄而反淺、即之妙門而反深。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "此章衍文一段，以藏朴者终古有器之用、见朴者用极于器而止，无名与有名为侣，畏其用故并去其欲；知物之本正而不敢正之以化，其道测之重玄而反浅、即之妙门而反深。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "道常無為而無不為。", "textSimp": "道常无为而无不为。", "translation": "道永远不妄作为，却没有什么不是它所作成的。", "translationTrad": "道永遠不妄作為，卻沒有什麼不是它所作成的。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c004", "c007", "c010", "c011", "c016", "c017", "c018", "c020", "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002", "n003" ], "key": "laozi-37:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。", "textSimp": "侯王若能守之，万物将自化。", "translation": "侯王如果能守住它，万物将自行化育。", "translationTrad": "侯王如果能守住它，萬物將自行化育。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c004", "c007", "c010", "c011", "c016", "c017", "c018", "c021", "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n004", "n005", "n006" ], "key": "laozi-37:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。", "textSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。", "translation": "化育之后若又生起欲念，我将用无名的朴来镇定它。", "translationTrad": "化育之後若又生起欲念，我將用無名的樸來鎮定它。", "noteIds": [ "c002", "c005", "c008", "c012", "c013", "c016", "c017", "c018", "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n007", "n008", "n009" ], "key": "laozi-37:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。", "textSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。", "translation": "无名的朴，也将使人归于无欲。", "translationTrad": "無名的樸，也將使人歸於無欲。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c006", "c009", "c014", "c015", "c016", "c017", "c019", "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n010" ], "key": "laozi-37:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "不欲以靜，天下將自定。", "textSimp": "不欲以静，天下将自定。", "translation": "无欲而清静，天下将自行安定。", "translationTrad": "無欲而清靜，天下將自行安定。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c009", "c014", "c015", "c016", "c017", "c019", "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "noteCount": 11, "charNoteIds": [ "n011", "n012" ], "key": "laozi-37:s005", "n": 5 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "道常無為而無不為：道以無為為常。侯王若能守，萬物將自化：言侯王而能守道，萬物將自化，效於己也。", "authorNote": "河上公此章注據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "道常无为而无不为：道以无为为常。侯王若能守，万物将自化：言侯王而能守道，万物将自化，效于己也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）（河上公此章注據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "河上公此章注据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "吾，身也。無名之樸，謂道也。萬物已化而後欲作巧偽者，王侯當鎮撫以道德也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "吾，身也。无名之朴，谓道也。万物已化而后欲作巧伪者，王侯当镇抚以道德也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "無名之樸亦將不欲，不欲以靜：言王侯鎮撫以道德，於民亦將不欲，故當以清淨道化之者也。能如是者，天下將自正安定也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "无名之朴亦将不欲，不欲以静：言王侯镇抚以道德，于民亦将不欲，故当以清净道化之者也。能如是者，天下将自正安定也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "道常無為，順自然也；而無不為，萬物無不由為以治以成之也。", "authorNote": "王弼此章注據《道藏》本；「不欲以靜，天下將自定」句無注。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "道常无为，顺自然也；而无不为，万物无不由为以治以成之也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）（王弼此章注據《道藏》本；「不欲以靜，天下將自定」句無注。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼此章注据《道藏》本；「不欲以静，天下将自定」句无注。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "化而欲作，作欲成也；吾將鎮之無名之樸，不為主也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "化而欲作，作欲成也；吾将镇之无名之朴，不为主也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲", "kind": "note", "text": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。無欲競也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。无欲竞也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "凝常之道，寂爾無為，從體起用，應物動作。前句是本，後句是迹，明此本迹、迹本寂動、動寂義也。侯王若能守，萬物當自化。萬乘之主、五等之君，若能守持此道者，八荒萬國自然從化。學人亦爾。所以偏舉侯王者，明君王為化利物弘多。", "authorNote": "成玄英此章疏據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "凝常之道，寂尔无为，从体起用，应物动作。前句是本，后句是迹，明此本迹、迹本寂动、动寂义也。侯王若能守，万物当自化。万乘之主、五等之君，若能守持此道者，八荒万国自然从化。学人亦尔。所以偏举侯王者，明君王为化利物弘多。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）（成玄英此章疏據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "成玄英此章疏据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "作，起修也；樸，道也。言眾生初從化起修者，必有心欲於果報也。既起斯欲，即須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，令不染有。此以空遣有也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "作，起修也；朴，道也。言众生初从化起修者，必有心欲于果报也。既起斯欲，即须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，令不染有。此以空遣有也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "非但不得欲於有法，亦不得欲此無名之樸也。前以無遣有，此以有遣無，有無雙離，一中道也。不欲以靜，天下自正，靜息也。前以無名遣有，次以不欲遣無，有無還息；不欲既除，一中斯泯，此則遣之又遣，玄之又玄，所謂探幽索隱、窮理盡性者也。既而一切諸法無非正真，稊稗瓦甓悉皆至道，故云天下將自正。此句結眾妙之門者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "textSimp": "非但不得欲于有法，亦不得欲此无名之朴也。前以无遣有，此以有遣无，有无双离，一中道也。不欲以静，天下自正，静息也。前以无名遣有，次以不欲遣无，有无还息；不欲既除，一中斯泯，此则遣之又遣，玄之又玄，所谓探幽索隐、穷理尽性者也。既而一切诸法无非正真，稊稗瓦甓悉皆至道，故云天下将自正。此句结众妙之门者也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "妙本清靜，故常無為；物恃以生，而無不為，則萬物自化。君之無為，而民淳樸矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。唐玄宗御注此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "妙本清静，故常无为；物恃以生，而无不为，则万物自化。君之无为，而民淳朴矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御注。唐玄宗御注此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。唐玄宗御注此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "道性清淨，妙本湛然，故常無為也。萬物恃賴而生成，有感而必應，故無不為也。夫有為者則有所不為矣，故無為者則無所不為矣。侯王若能守，萬物將自化：侯王若能守道清淨，無為無事，則萬物將自感化，君之善教而淳樸矣。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。唐玄宗御疏此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "道性清净，妙本湛然，故常无为也。万物恃赖而生成，有感而必应，故无不为也。夫有为者则有所不为矣，故无为者则无所不为矣。侯王若能守，万物将自化：侯王若能守道清净，无为无事，则万物将自感化，君之善教而淳朴矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。唐玄宗御疏此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。唐玄宗御疏此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "言人既從君上之化，以無為清淨，而復欲動作有為者，吾將無名之樸而鎮靜之。無名之樸者，道也。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言人既从君上之化，以无为清净，而复欲动作有为者，吾将无名之朴而镇静之。无名之朴者，道也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "無名之樸，道也。欲作者，欲動作有為也。吾者，侯王自稱也。言人禀承善教以化，君德無為清淨，而復欲動作有為者，吾則將以無名之樸而鎮之，令其清淨不欲作也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "无名之朴，道也。欲作者，欲动作有为也。吾者，侯王自称也。言人禀承善教以化，君德无为清净，而复欲动作有为者，吾则将以无名之朴而镇之，令其清净不欲作也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "言人君既以無名之樸鎮靜蒼生，不可執此無名而令有迹，將恐尋迹喪本，復入有為。故於此無名之樸亦將兼忘，不欲於欲，無欲亦忘，泊然清淨，而天下自正矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言人君既以无名之朴镇静苍生，不可执此无名而令有迹，将恐寻迹丧本，复入有为。故于此无名之朴亦将兼忘，不欲于欲，无欲亦忘，泊然清净，而天下自正矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "上言凡人欲動作有為者，人君則將無名之樸而鎮靜之。今言於彼無名之樸亦將不欲者，所以鎮無名之樸，為眾生興動欲心；若復執滯無名，還將有迹，令此眾生尋迹喪本，復入有為，則興彼欲心等無差別。故初用無名之樸以鎮靜蒼生欲心，蒼生欲心既除，聖人無名亦捨。喻如藥以理病，病愈而忘藥；舟以濟水，濟而遺舟。若水已濟而仍守舟，病已除而復嘗藥，豈唯不達彼岸，亦復更生患累矣。夫無名之樸既將不欲，不欲之欲於此亦忘，則泊然清淨，是名了出。君無為而上理，人遂性而化下，不煩教令而天下平正，故曰天下將自正。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "上言凡人欲动作有为者，人君则将无名之朴而镇静之。今言于彼无名之朴亦将不欲者，所以镇无名之朴，为众生兴动欲心；若复执滞无名，还将有迹，令此众生寻迹丧本，复入有为，则兴彼欲心等无差别。故初用无名之朴以镇静苍生欲心，苍生欲心既除，圣人无名亦舍。喻如药以理病，病愈而忘药；舟以济水，济而遗舟。若水已济而仍守舟，病已除而复尝药，岂唯不达彼岸，亦复更生患累矣。夫无名之朴既将不欲，不欲之欲于此亦忘，则泊然清净，是名了出。君无为而上理，人遂性而化下，不烦教令而天下平正，故曰天下将自正。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "道之所以為常者，以其體無名故無為，用有名故無不為。侯王能守此始與母之術，則萬物之理得而天下之事正，所謂我無為而民自化也。德化既淳，天下清靜，苟利欲之情將有萌兆，吾必以此大道之質奠而正之，使無得動矣。夫上德無為而無以為，則同於道矣；下德為之而有以為，則同於德矣。得於德者必失於道，故有無為之心者必有無為之迹，後世將尋其迹而忘其本，故為無為而至有為。故云無名之樸亦將不欲者，將使心迹兼忘，則至於玄之又玄矣。夫能心迹兼忘、事理玄會，則天下各正其性命而無累於物之迹焉。首篇以常道為體、常名為用，而極之於重玄；此篇以無為為體、無不為為用，而統之以兼忘，始末相貫而盡其體用也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "道之所以为常者，以其体无名故无为，用有名故无不为。侯王能守此始与母之术，则万物之理得而天下之事正，所谓我无为而民自化也。德化既淳，天下清静，苟利欲之情将有萌兆，吾必以此大道之质奠而正之，使无得动矣。夫上德无为而无以为，则同于道矣；下德为之而有以为，则同于德矣。得于德者必失于道，故有无为之心者必有无为之迹，后世将寻其迹而忘其本，故为无为而至有为。故云无名之朴亦将不欲者，将使心迹兼忘，则至于玄之又玄矣。夫能心迹兼忘、事理玄会，则天下各正其性命而无累于物之迹焉。首篇以常道为体、常名为用，而极之于重玄；此篇以无为为体、无不为为用，而统之以兼忘，始末相贯而尽其体用也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "萬物皆有名也，而道常無名，則有名者莫不為之賓，故言萬物將自賓，則以無名言之。雖然，此知無為而已；無為而無不為，則未嘗有夫無為也，故萬物將自化。自化則我與萬物莫非道也，孰知萬物之賓與其所以賓哉？故方其自賓也，始制有名，名亦既有，夫亦將知止；知止者，復於無名之樸而已。方其自化也，化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸，而無名之樸亦將不欲也。無名之樸亦將不欲，則豈特無為而已，而亦未始有夫無為者也。天下之動正夫一者也，侯王守道以至於此，則可謂不欲以靜矣，天下其有不自正者乎？夫老君真人也，宜不弊弊然以天下萬物為事，而於侯王之間如此其諄諄何也？道以修之身為真，而以修之天下為普；使王侯者知而守之，則修之天下不亦普乎？夫不嗇其道而欲與天下同之，仁也；欲同之天下而先之侯王，義也。而學者顧見其言有絶棄仁義，則曰老君槌提吾仁義而小之也，吾所不取。嗚呼！彼不見其所以絶棄之意，宜其不取焉耳。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "万物皆有名也，而道常无名，则有名者莫不为之宾，故言万物将自宾，则以无名言之。虽然，此知无为而已；无为而无不为，则未尝有夫无为也，故万物将自化。自化则我与万物莫非道也，孰知万物之宾与其所以宾哉？故方其自宾也，始制有名，名亦既有，夫亦将知止；知止者，复于无名之朴而已。方其自化也，化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴，而无名之朴亦将不欲也。无名之朴亦将不欲，则岂特无为而已，而亦未始有夫无为者也。天下之动正夫一者也，侯王守道以至于此，则可谓不欲以静矣，天下其有不自正者乎？夫老君真人也，宜不弊弊然以天下万物为事，而于侯王之间如此其谆谆何也？道以修之身为真，而以修之天下为普；使王侯者知而守之，则修之天下不亦普乎？夫不啬其道而欲与天下同之，仁也；欲同之天下而先之侯王，义也。而学者顾见其言有绝弃仁义，则曰老君槌提吾仁义而小之也，吾所不取。呜呼！彼不见其所以绝弃之意，宜其不取焉耳。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "kind": "note", "text": "無所不為而無為之之意耳。聖人以無為化物，萬物化之，始於無為而漸至於作，譬如嬰兒之長，人偽日起，故三代之衰，人情之變日以益甚。方其欲作，而上之人與天下皆靡，故其變至有不可勝言者。苟其方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之，庶幾可得而止也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "无所不为而无为之之意耳。圣人以无为化物，万物化之，始于无为而渐至于作，譬如婴儿之长，人伪日起，故三代之衰，人情之变日以益甚。方其欲作，而上之人与天下皆靡，故其变至有不可胜言者。苟其方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之，庶几可得而止也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人中無抱樸之念，外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。苟欲樸之心尚存於胸中，則失之遠矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "圣人中无抱朴之念，外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大。苟欲朴之心尚存于胸中，则失之远矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為", "kind": "note", "text": "道之無為，乆而不變，非特暫焉而已，故曰常無為。雖一無所為，而於所當為之事無一不為也。若無為而事有廢缺，則亦何取其無為也哉？此之無為，蓋性焉安焉者也。", "authorNote": "吳澄以此章為其第三十二章。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "道之无为，乆而不变，非特暂焉而已，故曰常无为。虽一无所为，而于所当为之事无一不为也。若无为而事有废缺，则亦何取其无为也哉？此之无为，盖性焉安焉者也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（吳澄以此章為其第三十二章。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄以此章为其第三十二章。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "kind": "note", "text": "侯王若能守此無為之道，則雖無心於化物，而物將自化。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "侯王若能守此无为之道，则虽无心于化物，而物将自化。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "侯王若能守之，万物将自化" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲", "kind": "note", "text": "欲謂有心為之；作，猶起也。言未能純乎無為之道者，方將待物之化而遽有心於欲其化；欲之之心一起，則非無為之道矣。鎮，謂壓定使之不起；無名之樸，謂此無為之道也。欲作之時，必將以此無名之樸鎮壓其有心之欲，以道自治也。既以此無名之樸鎮其欲，則其欲亦將不欲矣。此之不欲，復焉執焉者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "欲谓有心为之；作，犹起也。言未能纯乎无为之道者，方将待物之化而遽有心于欲其化；欲之之心一起，则非无为之道矣。镇，谓压定使之不起；无名之朴，谓此无为之道也。欲作之时，必将以此无名之朴镇压其有心之欲，以道自治也。既以此无名之朴镇其欲，则其欲亦将不欲矣。此之不欲，复焉执焉者也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "靜者，作之反其始也。欲作既以道鎮之，則欲者不欲而作者靜矣。故雖無心於正天下，而天下將自正。其與萬物將自化者亦無以異，或安而行之，或利而行之，及其成功一也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "静者，作之反其始也。欲作既以道镇之，则欲者不欲而作者静矣。故虽无心于正天下，而天下将自正。其与万物将自化者亦无以异，或安而行之，或利而行之，及其成功一也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "lemmaSimp": "不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "此教人君乘流救弊之意也。以其道常無為而無不為，故侯王但能守之者，而萬物不期化而自化矣。此言守道之效，神速如此。然理極則弊生，且物之始化也皆無欲；化久而信衰情鑿，其流必至於欲心復作。當其欲作，是在人君善救其弊者，必將鎮之以無名之樸，而後物欲之源可塞也。若施之以有名，則不濟耳。然無名之樸雖能窒欲，若執此而不化，又將為動源矣。譬夫以藥治病，病去而藥不忘，則執藥成病。故云無名之樸，亦將不欲。此亦不欲，則可專以靜而制群動，無敢作者。故云天下將自正。自正者，謂不待正而自正矣。鎮，猶壓也，如石壓草，非不生也，蓋以無名之樸鎮壓之而已。若欲樸之心，亦是欲機未絕；是須以靜制之，其機自息；機息則心定，而天下自正矣。故雖無名之樸，可用而不可執，況有名乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此教人君乘流救弊之意也。以其道常无为而无不为，故侯王但能守之者，而万物不期化而自化矣。此言守道之效，神速如此。然理极则弊生，且物之始化也皆无欲；化久而信衰情凿，其流必至于欲心复作。当其欲作，是在人君善救其弊者，必将镇之以无名之朴，而后物欲之源可塞也。若施之以有名，则不济耳。然无名之朴虽能窒欲，若执此而不化，又将为动源矣。譬夫以药治病，病去而药不忘，则执药成病。故云无名之朴，亦将不欲。此亦不欲，则可专以静而制群动，无敢作者。故云天下将自正。自正者，谓不待正而自正矣。镇，犹压也，如石压草，非不生也，盖以无名之朴镇压之而已。若欲朴之心，亦是欲机未绝；是须以静制之，其机自息；机息则心定，而天下自正矣。故虽无名之朴，可用而不可执，况有名乎？", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "化而欲作以下，說者多失之。蓋欲作者，欲生萌動也。夫萬物自化，則任其自生自息而已；自生自息而氣運日趨於文，將復有欲心萌作於其間。苟無以鎮之，則太古降為三代，三代降為後世，其誰止之？然鎮之亦豈能有所為？亦鎮之以無名之樸而已。無名之樸者，以靜鎮動，以質止文，以淳化巧，使其欲心雖將作焉而不得，將釋然自反而無欲矣。無欲則靜，靜則正而返於無名之樸矣。所謂我無欲而民自樸，我好靜而民自正。無名之樸，重言協韻以起下文耳。夫亦將無欲，猶前章「夫亦將知止」，皆詞之不迫者也。諸家或無夫字，或作不欲，故其說謂聖人並此無名之樸亦不欲存之於心。夫苟為聖人所不欲，尚何謂無名之樸乎？此背禪家隨手掃除之機，非黃老清靜自然之旨也。惟姚氏有云：夫亦將無欲，言使夫人皆無欲也。斯言得之矣。", "authorNote": "魏源本作「侯王若能守」「無欲以靜」「天下將自正」，與王弼本異。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "化而欲作以下，说者多失之。盖欲作者，欲生萌动也。夫万物自化，则任其自生自息而已；自生自息而气运日趋于文，将复有欲心萌作于其间。苟无以镇之，则太古降为三代，三代降为后世，其谁止之？然镇之亦岂能有所为？亦镇之以无名之朴而已。无名之朴者，以静镇动，以质止文，以淳化巧，使其欲心虽将作焉而不得，将释然自反而无欲矣。无欲则静，静则正而返于无名之朴矣。所谓我无欲而民自朴，我好静而民自正。无名之朴，重言协韵以起下文耳。夫亦将无欲，犹前章「夫亦将知止」，皆词之不迫者也。诸家或无夫字，或作不欲，故其说谓圣人并此无名之朴亦不欲存之于心。夫苟为圣人所不欲，尚何谓无名之朴乎？此背禅家随手扫除之机，非黄老清静自然之旨也。惟姚氏有云：夫亦将无欲，言使夫人皆无欲也。斯言得之矣。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源本作「侯王若能守」「無欲以靜」「天下將自正」，與王弼本異。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源本作「侯王若能守」「无欲以静」「天下将自正」，与王弼本异。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "道常無為而無不為。侯王若能守之，萬物將自化。化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸。無名之樸，夫亦將無欲。不欲以靜，天下將自定", "kind": "note", "text": "藏樸者，終古而有器之用；見樸者，用極於器而止矣。故無名與有名為侶，而非能無也。畏其用而與有名為侶，故並去其欲。嬰城以守國者，不邀折衝之功；閉閣以守身者，不為感帨之拒；知物之本正，而不敢正之以化也。其為道也，測之於重玄而反淺，闿之於妙門而反深。以為無用，而有用居然矣；以為有用，而無用居然矣。終日散而未始不盈，徽息通而蠕然似有。兩壘立而善守其間，兩端馳而善俟其反，則樸又何足言，而玄又何足以盡之哉？", "authorNote": "王夫之此章衍文據公開轉錄。", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "藏朴者，终古而有器之用；见朴者，用极于器而止矣。故无名与有名为侣，而非能无也。畏其用而与有名为侣，故并去其欲。婴城以守国者，不邀折冲之功；闭阁以守身者，不为感帨之拒；知物之本正，而不敢正之以化也。其为道也，测之于重玄而反浅，闿之于妙门而反深。以为无用，而有用居然矣；以为有用，而无用居然矣。终日散而未始不盈，徽息通而蠕然似有。两垒立而善守其间，两端驰而善俟其反，则朴又何足言，而玄又何足以尽之哉？", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（王夫之此章衍文據公開轉錄。）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "authorNoteSimp": "王夫之此章衍文据公开转录。", "lemmaSimp": "道常无为而无不为。侯王若能守之，万物将自化。化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴。无名之朴，夫亦将无欲。不欲以静，天下将自定" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "道常", "charSimp": "道常", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "dào cháng", "gloss": "道之恒常，永恆不變的常道。", "glossSimp": "道之恒常，永恒不变的常道。", "general": "河上公謂道以無為為常；王弼謂道常無為、順自然；成玄英謂凝常之道寂爾無為；唐玄宗謂妙本清靜故常無為；陸希聲謂道之所以為常者，以其體無名；吳澄謂道之無為乆而不變；憨山謂常者終古不變之義；魏源謂道以無名為常；王夫之謂藏樸者終古而有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓道以无为为常；王弼谓道常无为、顺自然；成玄英谓凝常之道寂尔无为；唐玄宗谓妙本清静故常无为；陆希声谓道之所以为常者，以其体无名；吴澄谓道之无为乆而不变；憨山谓常者终古不变之义；魏源谓道以无名为常；王夫之谓藏朴者终古而有器之用。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "無為", "charSimp": "无为", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "wú wéi", "gloss": "不妄作為，順自然而行。", "glossSimp": "不妄作为，顺自然而行。", "general": "河上公以道以無為為常；王弼以順自然釋之；成玄英以寂爾無為、從體起用；唐玄宗以妙本清靜；陸希聲以體無名故無為；呂惠卿以無為而無不為；蘇轍以無為之之意；吳澄以性焉安焉；憨山以人君守道無為；魏源以以靜鎮動；王夫之以藏樸不用。", "generalSimp": "河上公以道以无为为常；王弼以顺自然释之；成玄英以寂尔无为、从体起用；唐玄宗以妙本清静；陆希声以体无名故无为；吕惠卿以无为而无不为；苏辙以无为之之意；吴澄以性焉安焉；憨山以人君守道无为；魏源以以静镇动；王夫之以藏朴不用。", "variants": [ "无為" ], "variantsSimp": [ "无为" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 5, "end": 8, "char": "無不為", "charSimp": "无不为", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "wú bù wéi", "gloss": "沒有什麼不為，萬物皆由其生成治理。", "glossSimp": "没有什么不为，万物皆由其生成治理。", "general": "河上公以侯王守道則萬物自化；王弼以萬物無不由為以治以成；成玄英以從體起用、應物動作；唐玄宗御疏以無為則無所不為；陸希聲以用有名故無不為；呂惠卿以無為而無不為；蘇轍以無所不為而無為之之意；吳澄以當為之事無一不為；憨山以道常無為而無不為；魏源以萬物自化；王夫之以終古有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公以侯王守道则万物自化；王弼以万物无不由为以治以成；成玄英以从体起用、应物动作；唐玄宗御疏以无为则无所不为；陆希声以用有名故无不为；吕惠卿以无为而无不为；苏辙以无所不为而无为之之意；吴澄以当为之事无一不为；憨山以道常无为而无不为；魏源以万物自化；王夫之以终古有器之用。", "variants": [ "无不為" ], "variantsSimp": [ "无不为" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 0, "end": 2, "char": "侯王", "charSimp": "侯王", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 2, "pinyin": "hóu wáng", "gloss": "諸侯與王者，泛指有國之君。", "glossSimp": "诸侯与王者，泛指有国之君。", "general": "河上公謂侯王能守道則萬物自化；成玄英謂萬乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化；唐玄宗御注謂君之無為而民淳樸；陸希聲謂侯王能守始母之術；呂惠卿謂使王侯知而守之；吳澄謂侯王守此無為之道；憨山謂侯王但能守之；魏源謂侯王若能守；王夫之謂侯王守之則萬物自化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓侯王能守道则万物自化；成玄英谓万乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒万国自然从化；唐玄宗御注谓君之无为而民淳朴；陆希声谓侯王能守始母之术；吕惠卿谓使王侯知而守之；吴澄谓侯王守此无为之道；憨山谓侯王但能守之；魏源谓侯王若能守；王夫之谓侯王守之则万物自化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 4, "end": 6, "char": "守之", "charSimp": "守之", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 6, "pinyin": "shǒu zhī", "gloss": "持守此道。", "glossSimp": "持守此道。", "general": "河上公謂侯王而能守道；王弼承上文言守之；成玄英謂守持此道；唐玄宗謂守道清淨、無為無事；陸希聲謂守始與母之術；呂惠卿謂知而守之；蘇轍謂侯王若能守；吳澄謂守此無為之道；憨山謂但能守之；魏源本無「之」字；王夫之謂守之則萬物自化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓侯王而能守道；王弼承上文言守之；成玄英谓守持此道；唐玄宗谓守道清净、无为无事；陆希声谓守始与母之术；吕惠卿谓知而守之；苏辙谓侯王若能守；吴澄谓守此无为之道；憨山谓但能守之；魏源本无「之」字；王夫之谓守之则万物自化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 10, "end": 12, "char": "自化", "charSimp": "自化", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 12, "pinyin": "zì huà", "gloss": "自行化育、自然轉化。", "glossSimp": "自行化育、自然转化。", "general": "河上公謂萬物將自化、效於己；王弼謂萬物將自化；成玄英謂八荒萬國自然從化；唐玄宗謂萬物將自感化；陸希聲謂我無為而民自化；呂惠卿謂自化則我與萬物莫非道；蘇轍謂萬物化之始於無為；吳澄謂無心於化物而物將自化；憨山謂不期化而自化；魏源謂任其自生自息；王夫之謂知物之本正而不敢正之以化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓万物将自化、效于己；王弼谓万物将自化；成玄英谓八荒万国自然从化；唐玄宗谓万物将自感化；陆希声谓我无为而民自化；吕惠卿谓自化则我与万物莫非道；苏辙谓万物化之始于无为；吴澄谓无心于化物而物将自化；憨山谓不期化而自化；魏源谓任其自生自息；王夫之谓知物之本正而不敢正之以化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "欲作", "charSimp": "欲作", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "yù zuò", "gloss": "欲念興起、有所作為。", "glossSimp": "欲念兴起、有所作为。", "general": "河上公謂萬物已化而後欲作巧偽；王弼謂作欲成也；成玄英謂眾生初從化起修、有心欲於果報；唐玄宗謂復欲動作有為；陸希聲謂利欲之情將有萌兆；蘇轍謂方其欲作；吳澄謂有心欲其化；憨山謂欲心復作；魏源謂欲生萌動；王夫之謂畏其用而並去其欲。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓万物已化而后欲作巧伪；王弼谓作欲成也；成玄英谓众生初从化起修、有心欲于果报；唐玄宗谓复欲动作有为；陆希声谓利欲之情将有萌兆；苏辙谓方其欲作；吴澄谓有心欲其化；憨山谓欲心复作；魏源谓欲生萌动；王夫之谓畏其用而并去其欲。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 7, "end": 8, "char": "鎮", "charSimp": "镇", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "zhèn", "gloss": "壓定、鎮撫，使之安定。", "glossSimp": "压定、镇抚，使之安定。", "general": "河上公謂王侯當鎮撫以道德；王弼謂鎮之而不為之主；成玄英謂安鎮其心；唐玄宗謂鎮靜之；陸希聲謂奠而正之；蘇轍謂終以無名之樸鎮之；吳澄謂壓定使之不起；憨山謂如石壓草；魏源謂以靜鎮動；王夫之謂善守其間。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓王侯当镇抚以道德；王弼谓镇之而不为之主；成玄英谓安镇其心；唐玄宗谓镇静之；陆希声谓奠而正之；苏辙谓终以无名之朴镇之；吴澄谓压定使之不起；憨山谓如石压草；魏源谓以静镇动；王夫之谓善守其间。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 10, "end": 14, "char": "無名之樸", "charSimp": "无名之朴", "startSimp": 10, "endSimp": 14, "pinyin": "wú míng zhī pú", "gloss": "未經雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "glossSimp": "未经雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "general": "河上公謂無名之樸謂道；王弼謂鎮之無名之樸而不為之主；成玄英謂無名樸素之道；唐玄宗謂無名之樸者道也；陸希聲謂大道之質；呂惠卿謂無名之樸亦將不欲；蘇轍謂終以無名之樸鎮之；吳澄謂此無為之道；憨山謂無名之樸雖能窒欲；魏源謂以靜鎮動、以質止文；王夫之謂藏樸者終古有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓无名之朴谓道；王弼谓镇之无名之朴而不为之主；成玄英谓无名朴素之道；唐玄宗谓无名之朴者道也；陆希声谓大道之质；吕惠卿谓无名之朴亦将不欲；苏辙谓终以无名之朴镇之；吴澄谓此无为之道；憨山谓无名之朴虽能窒欲；魏源谓以静镇动、以质止文；王夫之谓藏朴者终古有器之用。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 8, "end": 10, "char": "無欲", "charSimp": "无欲", "startSimp": 8, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "wú yù", "gloss": "沒有欲念；諸本或作「不欲」。", "glossSimp": "没有欲念；诸本或作「不欲」。", "general": "王弼謂夫亦將無欲、無欲競也；魏源謂夫亦將無欲、言使夫人皆無欲；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山並作「亦將不欲」，謂並此無名之樸亦不欲執；吳澄謂其欲亦將不欲；憨山謂無名之樸亦將不欲；王夫之謂並去其欲。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓夫亦将无欲、无欲竞也；魏源谓夫亦将无欲、言使夫人皆无欲；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山并作「亦将不欲」，谓并此无名之朴亦不欲执；吴澄谓其欲亦将不欲；憨山谓无名之朴亦将不欲；王夫之谓并去其欲。", "variants": [ "不欲" ], "variantsSimp": [ "不欲" ], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "靜", "charSimp": "静", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "jìng", "gloss": "清靜、寂靜，與「作」相對。", "glossSimp": "清静、寂静，与「作」相对。", "general": "河上公謂以清淨道化；成玄英謂靜息也；唐玄宗謂泊然清淨；陸希聲謂天下清靜；吳澄謂靜者作之反其始也；憨山謂以靜制群動；魏源謂無欲則靜、靜則正；王夫之謂兩端馳而善俟其反。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓以清净道化；成玄英谓静息也；唐玄宗谓泊然清净；陆希声谓天下清静；吴澄谓静者作之反其始也；憨山谓以静制群动；魏源谓无欲则静、静则正；王夫之谓两端驰而善俟其反。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 8, "end": 10, "char": "自定", "charSimp": "自定", "startSimp": 8, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "zì dìng", "gloss": "自行安定；諸本多作「自正」。", "glossSimp": "自行安定；诸本多作「自正」。", "general": "王弼作「天下將自定」；河上公謂天下自正安定；成玄英謂天下自正、此句結眾妙之門；唐玄宗謂天下自正；陸希聲謂天下各正其性命；呂惠卿謂天下其有不自正者乎；蘇轍謂天下將自正；吳澄謂天下將自正；憨山謂不待正而自正；魏源作「天下將自正」，校記云「正或作定」；王夫之謂正者歸妙。", "generalSimp": "王弼作「天下将自定」；河上公谓天下自正安定；成玄英谓天下自正、此句结众妙之门；唐玄宗谓天下自正；陆希声谓天下各正其性命；吕惠卿谓天下其有不自正者乎；苏辙谓天下将自正；吴澄谓天下将自正；憨山谓不待正而自正；魏源作「天下将自正」，校记云「正或作定」；王夫之谓正者归妙。", "variants": [ "自正" ], "variantsSimp": [ "自正" ], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ] } ], "glossary": { "道常": "道之恒常，永恆不變的常道。", "無為": "不妄作為，順自然而行。", "無不為": "沒有什麼不為，萬物皆由其生成治理。", "侯王": "諸侯與王者，泛指有國之君。", "守之": "持守此道。", "自化": "自行化育、自然轉化。", "欲作": "欲念興起、有所作為。", "鎮": "壓定、鎮撫，使之安定。", "無名之樸": "未經雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "無欲": "沒有欲念；諸本或作「不欲」。", "靜": "清靜、寂靜，與「作」相對。", "自定": "自行安定；諸本多作「自正」。", "道常無為而無不為": "道以無為為常，而萬物無不由其生成治理。", "天下將自定": "天下將自行安定；河上公以下諸本多作「天下將自正」。", "為政章": "河上公本章章題。", "道常無為章": "唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "河上公題「為政第三十七」，唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「道常無為章第三十七」，王弼本無章題。吳澄以此章為其第三十二章，魏源亦以此章為其第三十二章。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、王弼《老子道德經注》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公题「为政第三十七」，唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙题「道常无为章第三十七」，王弼本无章题。吴澄以此章为其第三十二章，魏源亦以此章为其第三十二章。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、王弼《老子道德经注》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "萬物將自化", "text": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之並作「萬物將自化」；魏源本「自化」誤作「白化」，今從王弼本作「自化」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之并作「万物将自化」；魏源本「自化」误作「白化」，今从王弼本作「自化」。", "headwordSimp": "万物将自化", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "侯王若能守之", "text": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、王夫之並作「侯王若能守之」；魏源本作「侯王若能守」，校記云「河上、王弼作能守之」，又云傅奕作「王侯」。本站從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、魏源《老子本義》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、王夫之《老子衍》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、王夫之并作「侯王若能守之」；魏源本作「侯王若能守」，校记云「河上、王弼作能守之」，又云傅奕作「王侯」。本站从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "侯王若能守之", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、魏源《老子本义》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、王夫之《老子衍》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "鎮之以無名之樸", "text": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源並作「鎮之以無名之樸」；王夫之《老子衍》重出「鎮之以無名之樸」一句；焦竑本無「之」字。本站從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、焦竑《老子翼》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源并作「镇之以无名之朴」；王夫之《老子衍》重出「镇之以无名之朴」一句；焦竑本无「之」字。本站从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "镇之以无名之朴", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、王夫之《老子衍》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、焦竑《老子翼》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "夫亦將無欲", "text": "王弼本作「無名之樸，夫亦將無欲」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山並作「無名之樸（亦將）不欲」，無「夫」字；《經典釋文》亦作「不欲」；魏源從王弼本作「夫亦將無欲」，校記云「各本無夫字」。本站從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、魏源《老子本義》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、《經典釋文》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「无名之朴，夫亦将无欲」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山并作「无名之朴（亦将）不欲」，无「夫」字；《经典释文》亦作「不欲」；魏源从王弼本作「夫亦将无欲」，校记云「各本无夫字」。本站从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "夫亦将无欲", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、魏源《老子本义》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、《经典释文》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "不欲以靜", "text": "王弼本作「不欲以靜」；魏源本作「無欲以靜」，校記云「靜，傅奕作靖」。本站從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、魏源《老子本義》、傅奕《道德經古本篇》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「不欲以静」；魏源本作「无欲以静」，校记云「静，傅奕作靖」。本站从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "不欲以静", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、魏源《老子本义》、傅奕《道德经古本篇》", "id": "k006" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "天下將自定", "text": "王弼本作「天下將自定」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之並作「天下將自正」；魏源校記云「正或作定」。本站從王弼本作「定」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼本作「天下将自定」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之并作「天下将自正」；魏源校记云「正或作定」。本站从王弼本作「定」。", "headwordSimp": "天下将自定", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k007" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "出處與注數", "text": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引；王弼此章注凡三條；河上公三條、成玄英三條、唐玄宗御注御疏各三條、吳澄四條。李榮《道德真經注》卷四末注「後文元闕」，本章無注；嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷十亦無本章輯文；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》（以上據《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）、王弼《老子道德經注》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、俞樾《諸子平議·老子平議》", "textSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引；王弼此章注凡三条；河上公三条、成玄英三条、唐玄宗御注御疏各三条、吴澄四条。李荣《道德真经注》卷四末注「后文元阙」，本章无注；严遵《指归》道经原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷十亦无本章辑文；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "headwordSimp": "出处与注数", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》（以上据《玄德纂疏》卷十所引）、王弼《老子道德经注》、严遵《道德真经指归》、俞樾《诸子平议·老子平议》", "id": "k008" } ], "glossarySimp": { "道常": "道之恒常，永恒不变的常道。", "无为": "不妄作为，顺自然而行。", "无不为": "没有什么不为，万物皆由其生成治理。", "侯王": "诸侯与王者，泛指有国之君。", "守之": "持守此道。", "自化": "自行化育、自然转化。", "欲作": "欲念兴起、有所作为。", "镇": "压定、镇抚，使之安定。", "无名之朴": "未经雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "无欲": "没有欲念；诸本或作「不欲」。", "静": "清静、寂静，与「作」相对。", "自定": "自行安定；诸本多作「自正」。", "道常无为而无不为": "道以无为为常，而万物无不由其生成治理。", "天下将自定": "天下将自行安定；河上公以下诸本多作「天下将自正」。", "为政章": "河上公本章章题。", "道常无为章": "唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "道常", "headwordSimp": "道常", "pinyin": "dào cháng", "gloss": "道之恒常，永恆不變的常道。", "glossSimp": "道之恒常，永恒不变的常道。", "general": "河上公謂道以無為為常；王弼謂道常無為、順自然；成玄英謂凝常之道寂爾無為；唐玄宗謂妙本清靜故常無為；陸希聲謂道之所以為常者，以其體無名；吳澄謂道之無為乆而不變；憨山謂常者終古不變之義；魏源謂道以無名為常；王夫之謂藏樸者終古而有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓道以无为为常；王弼谓道常无为、顺自然；成玄英谓凝常之道寂尔无为；唐玄宗谓妙本清静故常无为；陆希声谓道之所以为常者，以其体无名；吴澄谓道之无为乆而不变；憨山谓常者终古不变之义；魏源谓道以无名为常；王夫之谓藏朴者终古而有器之用。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "道常", "formSimp": "道常", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "無為", "headwordSimp": "无为", "pinyin": "wú wéi", "gloss": "不妄作為，順自然而行。", "glossSimp": "不妄作为，顺自然而行。", "general": "河上公以道以無為為常；王弼以順自然釋之；成玄英以寂爾無為、從體起用；唐玄宗以妙本清靜；陸希聲以體無名故無為；呂惠卿以無為而無不為；蘇轍以無為之之意；吳澄以性焉安焉；憨山以人君守道無為；魏源以以靜鎮動；王夫之以藏樸不用。", "generalSimp": "河上公以道以无为为常；王弼以顺自然释之；成玄英以寂尔无为、从体起用；唐玄宗以妙本清静；陆希声以体无名故无为；吕惠卿以无为而无不为；苏辙以无为之之意；吴澄以性焉安焉；憨山以人君守道无为；魏源以以静镇动；王夫之以藏朴不用。", "variants": [ "无為" ], "variantsSimp": [ "无为" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "無為", "formSimp": "无为", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] }, { "form": "无為", "formSimp": "无为", "kind": "variant", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "無不為", "headwordSimp": "无不为", "pinyin": "wú bù wéi", "gloss": "沒有什麼不為，萬物皆由其生成治理。", "glossSimp": "没有什么不为，万物皆由其生成治理。", "general": "河上公以侯王守道則萬物自化；王弼以萬物無不由為以治以成；成玄英以從體起用、應物動作；唐玄宗御疏以無為則無所不為；陸希聲以用有名故無不為；呂惠卿以無為而無不為；蘇轍以無所不為而無為之之意；吳澄以當為之事無一不為；憨山以道常無為而無不為；魏源以萬物自化；王夫之以終古有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公以侯王守道则万物自化；王弼以万物无不由为以治以成；成玄英以从体起用、应物动作；唐玄宗御疏以无为则无所不为；陆希声以用有名故无不为；吕惠卿以无为而无不为；苏辙以无所不为而无为之之意；吴澄以当为之事无一不为；憨山以道常无为而无不为；魏源以万物自化；王夫之以终古有器之用。", "variants": [ "无不為" ], "variantsSimp": [ "无不为" ], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "無不為", "formSimp": "无不为", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] }, { "form": "无不為", "formSimp": "无不为", "kind": "variant", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "侯王", "headwordSimp": "侯王", "pinyin": "hóu wáng", "gloss": "諸侯與王者，泛指有國之君。", "glossSimp": "诸侯与王者，泛指有国之君。", "general": "河上公謂侯王能守道則萬物自化；成玄英謂萬乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化；唐玄宗御注謂君之無為而民淳樸；陸希聲謂侯王能守始母之術；呂惠卿謂使王侯知而守之；吳澄謂侯王守此無為之道；憨山謂侯王但能守之；魏源謂侯王若能守；王夫之謂侯王守之則萬物自化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓侯王能守道则万物自化；成玄英谓万乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒万国自然从化；唐玄宗御注谓君之无为而民淳朴；陆希声谓侯王能守始母之术；吕惠卿谓使王侯知而守之；吴澄谓侯王守此无为之道；憨山谓侯王但能守之；魏源谓侯王若能守；王夫之谓侯王守之则万物自化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "侯王", "formSimp": "侯王", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "守之", "headwordSimp": "守之", "pinyin": "shǒu zhī", "gloss": "持守此道。", "glossSimp": "持守此道。", "general": "河上公謂侯王而能守道；王弼承上文言守之；成玄英謂守持此道；唐玄宗謂守道清淨、無為無事；陸希聲謂守始與母之術；呂惠卿謂知而守之；蘇轍謂侯王若能守；吳澄謂守此無為之道；憨山謂但能守之；魏源本無「之」字；王夫之謂守之則萬物自化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓侯王而能守道；王弼承上文言守之；成玄英谓守持此道；唐玄宗谓守道清净、无为无事；陆希声谓守始与母之术；吕惠卿谓知而守之；苏辙谓侯王若能守；吴澄谓守此无为之道；憨山谓但能守之；魏源本无「之」字；王夫之谓守之则万物自化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "守之", "formSimp": "守之", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "自化", "headwordSimp": "自化", "pinyin": "zì huà", "gloss": "自行化育、自然轉化。", "glossSimp": "自行化育、自然转化。", "general": "河上公謂萬物將自化、效於己；王弼謂萬物將自化；成玄英謂八荒萬國自然從化；唐玄宗謂萬物將自感化；陸希聲謂我無為而民自化；呂惠卿謂自化則我與萬物莫非道；蘇轍謂萬物化之始於無為；吳澄謂無心於化物而物將自化；憨山謂不期化而自化；魏源謂任其自生自息；王夫之謂知物之本正而不敢正之以化。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓万物将自化、效于己；王弼谓万物将自化；成玄英谓八荒万国自然从化；唐玄宗谓万物将自感化；陆希声谓我无为而民自化；吕惠卿谓自化则我与万物莫非道；苏辙谓万物化之始于无为；吴澄谓无心于化物而物将自化；憨山谓不期化而自化；魏源谓任其自生自息；王夫之谓知物之本正而不敢正之以化。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "自化", "formSimp": "自化", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "欲作", "headwordSimp": "欲作", "pinyin": "yù zuò", "gloss": "欲念興起、有所作為。", "glossSimp": "欲念兴起、有所作为。", "general": "河上公謂萬物已化而後欲作巧偽；王弼謂作欲成也；成玄英謂眾生初從化起修、有心欲於果報；唐玄宗謂復欲動作有為；陸希聲謂利欲之情將有萌兆；蘇轍謂方其欲作；吳澄謂有心欲其化；憨山謂欲心復作；魏源謂欲生萌動；王夫之謂畏其用而並去其欲。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓万物已化而后欲作巧伪；王弼谓作欲成也；成玄英谓众生初从化起修、有心欲于果报；唐玄宗谓复欲动作有为；陆希声谓利欲之情将有萌兆；苏辙谓方其欲作；吴澄谓有心欲其化；憨山谓欲心复作；魏源谓欲生萌动；王夫之谓畏其用而并去其欲。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "欲作", "formSimp": "欲作", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "鎮", "headwordSimp": "镇", "pinyin": "zhèn", "gloss": "壓定、鎮撫，使之安定。", "glossSimp": "压定、镇抚，使之安定。", "general": "河上公謂王侯當鎮撫以道德；王弼謂鎮之而不為之主；成玄英謂安鎮其心；唐玄宗謂鎮靜之；陸希聲謂奠而正之；蘇轍謂終以無名之樸鎮之；吳澄謂壓定使之不起；憨山謂如石壓草；魏源謂以靜鎮動；王夫之謂善守其間。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓王侯当镇抚以道德；王弼谓镇之而不为之主；成玄英谓安镇其心；唐玄宗谓镇静之；陆希声谓奠而正之；苏辙谓终以无名之朴镇之；吴澄谓压定使之不起；憨山谓如石压草；魏源谓以静镇动；王夫之谓善守其间。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "鎮", "formSimp": "镇", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "無名之樸", "headwordSimp": "无名之朴", "pinyin": "wú míng zhī pú", "gloss": "未經雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "glossSimp": "未经雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "general": "河上公謂無名之樸謂道；王弼謂鎮之無名之樸而不為之主；成玄英謂無名樸素之道；唐玄宗謂無名之樸者道也；陸希聲謂大道之質；呂惠卿謂無名之樸亦將不欲；蘇轍謂終以無名之樸鎮之；吳澄謂此無為之道；憨山謂無名之樸雖能窒欲；魏源謂以靜鎮動、以質止文；王夫之謂藏樸者終古有器之用。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓无名之朴谓道；王弼谓镇之无名之朴而不为之主；成玄英谓无名朴素之道；唐玄宗谓无名之朴者道也；陆希声谓大道之质；吕惠卿谓无名之朴亦将不欲；苏辙谓终以无名之朴镇之；吴澄谓此无为之道；憨山谓无名之朴虽能窒欲；魏源谓以静镇动、以质止文；王夫之谓藏朴者终古有器之用。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "王弼注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "無名之樸", "formSimp": "无名之朴", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "無欲", "headwordSimp": "无欲", "pinyin": "wú yù", "gloss": "沒有欲念；諸本或作「不欲」。", "glossSimp": "没有欲念；诸本或作「不欲」。", "general": "王弼謂夫亦將無欲、無欲競也；魏源謂夫亦將無欲、言使夫人皆無欲；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山並作「亦將不欲」，謂並此無名之樸亦不欲執；吳澄謂其欲亦將不欲；憨山謂無名之樸亦將不欲；王夫之謂並去其欲。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓夫亦将无欲、无欲竞也；魏源谓夫亦将无欲、言使夫人皆无欲；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山并作「亦将不欲」，谓并此无名之朴亦不欲执；吴澄谓其欲亦将不欲；憨山谓无名之朴亦将不欲；王夫之谓并去其欲。", "variants": [ "不欲" ], "variantsSimp": [ "不欲" ], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "無欲", "formSimp": "无欲", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] }, { "form": "不欲", "formSimp": "不欲", "kind": "variant", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "靜", "headwordSimp": "静", "pinyin": "jìng", "gloss": "清靜、寂靜，與「作」相對。", "glossSimp": "清静、寂静，与「作」相对。", "general": "河上公謂以清淨道化；成玄英謂靜息也；唐玄宗謂泊然清淨；陸希聲謂天下清靜；吳澄謂靜者作之反其始也；憨山謂以靜制群動；魏源謂無欲則靜、靜則正；王夫之謂兩端馳而善俟其反。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓以清净道化；成玄英谓静息也；唐玄宗谓泊然清净；陆希声谓天下清静；吴澄谓静者作之反其始也；憨山谓以静制群动；魏源谓无欲则静、静则正；王夫之谓两端驰而善俟其反。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "靜", "formSimp": "静", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "自定", "headwordSimp": "自定", "pinyin": "zì dìng", "gloss": "自行安定；諸本多作「自正」。", "glossSimp": "自行安定；诸本多作「自正」。", "general": "王弼作「天下將自定」；河上公謂天下自正安定；成玄英謂天下自正、此句結眾妙之門；唐玄宗謂天下自正；陸希聲謂天下各正其性命；呂惠卿謂天下其有不自正者乎；蘇轍謂天下將自正；吳澄謂天下將自正；憨山謂不待正而自正；魏源作「天下將自正」，校記云「正或作定」；王夫之謂正者歸妙。", "generalSimp": "王弼作「天下将自定」；河上公谓天下自正安定；成玄英谓天下自正、此句结众妙之门；唐玄宗谓天下自正；陆希声谓天下各正其性命；吕惠卿谓天下其有不自正者乎；苏辙谓天下将自正；吴澄谓天下将自正；憨山谓不待正而自正；魏源作「天下将自正」，校记云「正或作定」；王夫之谓正者归妙。", "variants": [ "自正" ], "variantsSimp": [ "自正" ], "refs": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陸希聲傳", "呂惠卿傳", "蘇轍老子解", "吳澄道德真經注", "憨山道德經解", "魏源老子本義", "王夫之老子衍" ], "refsSimp": [ "王弼注", "河上公注", "成玄英疏", "御注", "御疏", "陆希声传", "吕惠卿传", "苏辙老子解", "吴澄道德真经注", "憨山道德经解", "魏源老子本义", "王夫之老子衍" ], "forms": [ { "form": "自定", "formSimp": "自定", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 13, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "道常", "headwordSimp": "道常", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "道之恒常，永恆不變的常道。", "glossSimp": "道之恒常，永恒不变的常道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道常", "formSimp": "道常", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 14, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "無為", "headwordSimp": "无为", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不妄作為，順自然而行。", "glossSimp": "不妄作为，顺自然而行。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "無為", "formSimp": "无为", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 15, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "無不為", "headwordSimp": "无不为", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "沒有什麼不為，萬物皆由其生成治理。", "glossSimp": "没有什么不为，万物皆由其生成治理。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "無不為", "formSimp": "无不为", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "侯王", "headwordSimp": "侯王", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "諸侯與王者，泛指有國之君。", "glossSimp": "诸侯与王者，泛指有国之君。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "侯王", "formSimp": "侯王", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "守之", "headwordSimp": "守之", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "持守此道。", "glossSimp": "持守此道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "守之", "formSimp": "守之", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "自化", "headwordSimp": "自化", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "自行化育、自然轉化。", "glossSimp": "自行化育、自然转化。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "自化", "formSimp": "自化", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "欲作", "headwordSimp": "欲作", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "欲念興起、有所作為。", "glossSimp": "欲念兴起、有所作为。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "欲作", "formSimp": "欲作", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "鎮", "headwordSimp": "镇", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "壓定、鎮撫，使之安定。", "glossSimp": "压定、镇抚，使之安定。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "鎮", "formSimp": "镇", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "無名之樸", "headwordSimp": "无名之朴", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "未經雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "glossSimp": "未经雕琢命名的原木，喻道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "無名之樸", "formSimp": "无名之朴", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003", "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "無欲", "headwordSimp": "无欲", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "沒有欲念；諸本或作「不欲」。", "glossSimp": "没有欲念；诸本或作「不欲」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "無欲", "formSimp": "无欲", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "靜", "headwordSimp": "静", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "清靜、寂靜，與「作」相對。", "glossSimp": "清静、寂静，与「作」相对。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "靜", "formSimp": "静", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "自定", "headwordSimp": "自定", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "自行安定；諸本多作「自正」。", "glossSimp": "自行安定；诸本多作「自正」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "自定", "formSimp": "自定", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "道常無為而無不為", "headwordSimp": "道常无为而无不为", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "道以無為為常，而萬物無不由其生成治理。", "glossSimp": "道以无为为常，而万物无不由其生成治理。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道常無為而無不為", "formSimp": "道常无为而无不为", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "天下將自定", "headwordSimp": "天下将自定", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "天下將自行安定；河上公以下諸本多作「天下將自正」。", "glossSimp": "天下将自行安定；河上公以下诸本多作「天下将自正」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天下將自定", "formSimp": "天下将自定", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "為政章", "headwordSimp": "为政章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "為政章", "formSimp": "为政章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "道常無為章", "headwordSimp": "道常无为章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "唐玄宗、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "glossSimp": "唐玄宗、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道常無為章", "formSimp": "道常无为章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第三十七章五句的十一家對照，為道經末章。李榮《道德真經注》卷四末注「後文元闕」，此章無注；嚴遵《指歸》道經原卷缺佚，《玄德纂疏》卷十亦無本章輯文；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故本章十一家舊注。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、蘇轍、吳澄逐句或分段分疏；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山、魏源、王夫之各以整章一段通釋，本站按文義分條。諸家釋「道常無為而無不為」有體用、本迹、自然之別；釋「自化」有侯王守道、萬物自然、我無為而民自化之別；釋「欲作」與「鎮之以無名之樸」有壓定、復性、遣執之別；釋「樸亦不欲」有兼忘、遣之又遣、使人人無欲之別，魏源獨辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說背黃老清淨之旨。大旨歸於守道無為、以靜制動、天下自正。", "concepts": [ { "id": "dao-chang-wu-wei-er-wu-bu-wei", "name": "道常無為而無不為", "nameTrad": "道常無為而無不為", "question": "「無為」與「無不為」是一體兩面，還是體用分屬？", "questionTrad": "「無為」與「無不為」是一體兩面，還是體用分屬？", "intro": "河上公以道以無為為常，侯王守道則萬物自化，效在己身。王弼以道常無為、順自然，而萬物無不由為以治以成。成玄英以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用、應物動作，前句是本、後句是迹，明本迹寂動相即。唐玄宗御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為；御疏申以有為則有所不為、無為則無所不為。陸希聲以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為。呂惠卿以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為則未嘗有夫無為。蘇轍以無所不為而無為之之意。吳澄以無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為。憨山以道常無為而無不為，故侯王守之而萬物自化。魏源以道以無名為常、萬物自化，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動。王夫之以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止。諸家或以體用言，或以本迹言，或以自然言，大旨不離「無為而無不為」一體。", "introTrad": "河上公以道以無為為常，侯王守道則萬物自化，效在己身。王弼以道常無為、順自然，而萬物無不由為以治以成。成玄英以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用、應物動作，前句是本、後句是迹，明本迹寂動相即。唐玄宗御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為；御疏申以有為則有所不為、無為則無所不為。陸希聲以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為。呂惠卿以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為則未嘗有夫無為。蘇轍以無所不為而無為之之意。吳澄以無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為。憨山以道常無為而無不為，故侯王守之而萬物自化。魏源以道以無名為常、萬物自化，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動。王夫之以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止。諸家或以體用言，或以本迹言，或以自然言，大旨不離「無為而無不為」一體。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道以無為為常；侯王守道，萬物自化。", "thesisTrad": "道以無為為常；侯王守道，萬物自化。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道以无为为常；侯王守道，万物自化。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "道常無為，順自然；萬物無不由為以治以成。", "thesisTrad": "道常無為，順自然；萬物無不由為以治以成。", "noteIds": [ "c004" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "道常无为，顺自然；万物无不由为以治以成。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "凝常之道寂爾無為，從體起用，前句是本、後句是迹。", "thesisTrad": "凝常之道寂爾無為，從體起用，前句是本、後句是迹。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "凝常之道寂尔无为，从体起用，前句是本、后句是迹。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "妙本清靜故常無為，物恃以生而無不為；無為則無所不為。", "thesisTrad": "妙本清靜故常無為，物恃以生而無不為；無為則無所不為。", "noteIds": [ "c010", "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "妙本清静故常无为，物恃以生而无不为；无为则无所不为。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "體無名故無為，用有名故無不為。", "thesisTrad": "體無名故無為，用有名故無不為。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "体无名故无为，用有名故无不为。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道常無名，無為而無不為，則未嘗有夫無為。", "thesisTrad": "道常無名，無為而無不為，則未嘗有夫無為。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道常无名，无为而无不为，则未尝有夫无为。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "無所不為而無為之之意耳。", "thesisTrad": "無所不為而無為之之意耳。", "noteIds": [ "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "无所不为而无为之之意耳。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無為乆而不變，當為之事無一不為。", "thesisTrad": "無為乆而不變，當為之事無一不為。", "noteIds": [ "c020" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无为乆而不变，当为之事无一不为。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "道常無為而無不為，故侯王守之而萬物自化。", "thesisTrad": "道常無為而無不為，故侯王守之而萬物自化。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "道常无为而无不为，故侯王守之而万物自化。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "萬物自化，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。", "thesisTrad": "萬物自化，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "万物自化，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "藏樸者終古有器之用，見樸者用極於器而止。", "thesisTrad": "藏樸者終古有器之用，見樸者用極於器而止。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "藏朴者终古有器之用，见朴者用极于器而止。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公逕以「道以無為為常」立訓，無不為落在萬物自化上。", "textTrad": "河上公逕以「道以無為為常」立訓，無不為落在萬物自化上。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公迳以「道以无为为常」立训，无不为落在万物自化上。" }, { "noteId": "c004", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「順自然」釋無為，以萬物由為以治以成釋無不為。", "textTrad": "王弼以「順自然」釋無為，以萬物由為以治以成釋無不為。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「顺自然」释无为，以万物由为以治以成释无不为。" }, { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英分本迹、寂動，把無為與無不為收為一體之用。", "textTrad": "成玄英分本迹、寂動，把無為與無不為收為一體之用。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英分本迹、寂动，把无为与无不为收为一体之用。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以「妙本清靜」與「物恃以生」分屬兩句，確立體用。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以「妙本清靜」與「物恃以生」分屬兩句，確立體用。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以「妙本清静」与「物恃以生」分属两句，确立体用。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以「有為則有所不為」反證無為者無所不為。", "textTrad": "御疏以「有為則有所不為」反證無為者無所不為。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以「有为则有所不为」反证无为者无所不为。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以體無名、用有名分釋，無為與無不為成為體用兩面。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以體無名、用有名分釋，無為與無不為成為體用兩面。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以体无名、用有名分释，无为与无不为成为体用两面。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以「當為之事無一不為」補足無不為，防以無為廢事。", "textTrad": "吳澄以「當為之事無一不為」補足無不為，防以無為廢事。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以「当为之事无一不为」补足无不为，防以无为废事。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以藏樸、見樸分判，把無為收在「藏樸」之用上。", "textTrad": "王夫之以藏樸、見樸分判，把無為收在「藏樸」之用上。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以藏朴、见朴分判，把无为收在「藏朴」之用上。" } ], "nameSimp": "道常无为而无不为", "questionSimp": "「无为」与「无不为」是一体两面，还是体用分属？", "introSimp": "河上公以道以无为为常，侯王守道则万物自化，效在己身。王弼以道常无为、顺自然，而万物无不由为以治以成。成玄英以凝常之道寂尔无为、从体起用、应物动作，前句是本、后句是迹，明本迹寂动相即。唐玄宗御注以妙本清静故常无为、物恃以生而无不为；御疏申以有为则有所不为、无为则无所不为。陆希声以体无名故无为、用有名故无不为。吕惠卿以道常无名、有名者宾，无为而无不为则未尝有夫无为。苏辙以无所不为而无为之之意。吴澄以无为乆而不变、当为之事无一不为。憨山以道常无为而无不为，故侯王守之而万物自化。魏源以道以无名为常、万物自化，当以无名之朴以静镇动。王夫之以藏朴者终古有器之用、见朴者用极于器而止。诸家或以体用言，或以本迹言，或以自然言，大旨不离「无为而无不为」一体。" }, { "id": "hou-wang-ruo-neng-shou-zhi-wan-wu-jiang-zi-hua", "name": "侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "nameTrad": "侯王若能守之，萬物將自化", "question": "「自化」是侯王無為所致，還是萬物自然？", "questionTrad": "「自化」是侯王無為所致，還是萬物自然？", "intro": "河上公以侯王守道則萬物自化、效於己。王弼承上文言萬物將自化，未別作釋。成玄英以萬乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化，學人亦然。唐玄宗御注以君無為而民淳樸；御疏以守道清淨、無為無事則萬物自感化。陸希聲以守始母之術則萬物之理得、天下之事正，所謂我無為而民自化。呂惠卿以自化則我與萬物莫非道，孰知萬物之賓與其所以賓。蘇轍以聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為。吳澄以無心於化物而物將自化。憨山以守道之效神速，不期化而自化。魏源以任其自生自息。王夫之以知物之本正而不敢正之以化。諸家皆以「自化」為侯王守道、不加干涉之效，而所以化之者或歸於道、或歸於自然。", "introTrad": "河上公以侯王守道則萬物自化、效於己。王弼承上文言萬物將自化，未別作釋。成玄英以萬乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化，學人亦然。唐玄宗御注以君無為而民淳樸；御疏以守道清淨、無為無事則萬物自感化。陸希聲以守始母之術則萬物之理得、天下之事正，所謂我無為而民自化。呂惠卿以自化則我與萬物莫非道，孰知萬物之賓與其所以賓。蘇轍以聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為。吳澄以無心於化物而物將自化。憨山以守道之效神速，不期化而自化。魏源以任其自生自息。王夫之以知物之本正而不敢正之以化。諸家皆以「自化」為侯王守道、不加干涉之效，而所以化之者或歸於道、或歸於自然。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "侯王守道，萬物將自化，效於己。", "thesisTrad": "侯王守道，萬物將自化，效於己。", "noteIds": [ "c001" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "侯王守道，万物将自化，效于己。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "承上無為，萬物將自化。", "thesisTrad": "承上無為，萬物將自化。", "noteIds": [ "c004" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "承上无为，万物将自化。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "萬乘之主守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化。", "thesisTrad": "萬乘之主守持此道，八荒萬國自然從化。", "noteIds": [ "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "万乘之主守持此道，八荒万国自然从化。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "君之無為，而民淳樸；萬物將自感化。", "thesisTrad": "君之無為，而民淳樸；萬物將自感化。", "noteIds": [ "c010", "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "君之无为，而民淳朴；万物将自感化。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "守始母之術，則萬物之理得而天下之事正。", "thesisTrad": "守始母之術，則萬物之理得而天下之事正。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "守始母之术，则万物之理得而天下之事正。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "自化則我與萬物莫非道。", "thesisTrad": "自化則我與萬物莫非道。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "自化则我与万物莫非道。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為。", "thesisTrad": "聖人以無為化物，萬物化之始於無為。", "noteIds": [ "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人以无为化物，万物化之始于无为。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無心於化物而物將自化。", "thesisTrad": "無心於化物而物將自化。", "noteIds": [ "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无心于化物而物将自化。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "守道之效神速，不期化而自化。", "thesisTrad": "守道之效神速，不期化而自化。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "守道之效神速，不期化而自化。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "萬物自化，任其自生自息。", "thesisTrad": "萬物自化，任其自生自息。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "万物自化，任其自生自息。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知物之本正，而不敢正之以化。", "thesisTrad": "知物之本正，而不敢正之以化。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知物之本正，而不敢正之以化。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以「效於己」說明自化不是放任，而是守道之驗。", "textTrad": "河上公以「效於己」說明自化不是放任，而是守道之驗。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以「效于己」说明自化不是放任，而是守道之验。" }, { "noteId": "c007", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英由侯王推及學人，自化成為普遍的道化效驗。", "textTrad": "成玄英由侯王推及學人，自化成為普遍的道化效驗。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英由侯王推及学人，自化成为普遍的道化效验。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以「君無為而民淳樸」把自化落在治道。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以「君無為而民淳樸」把自化落在治道。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以「君无为而民淳朴」把自化落在治道。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以「自感化」申之，強調感應而非命令。", "textTrad": "御疏以「自感化」申之，強調感應而非命令。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以「自感化」申之，强调感应而非命令。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以「我無為而民自化」直引古語，自化即無為之效。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以「我無為而民自化」直引古語，自化即無為之效。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以「我无为而民自化」直引古语，自化即无为之效。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿把自化推到「我與萬物莫非道」，主客界限隨之消解。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿把自化推到「我與萬物莫非道」，主客界限隨之消解。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿把自化推到「我与万物莫非道」，主客界限随之消解。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以「無心於化物」界定自化，防有心之化。", "textTrad": "吳澄以「無心於化物」界定自化，防有心之化。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以「无心于化物」界定自化，防有心之化。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以「任其自生自息」說自化，近於自然氣運。", "textTrad": "魏源以「任其自生自息」說自化，近於自然氣運。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以「任其自生自息」说自化，近于自然气运。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之說「不敢正之以化」，把自化收在知物本正上。", "textTrad": "王夫之說「不敢正之以化」，把自化收在知物本正上。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之说「不敢正之以化」，把自化收在知物本正上。" } ], "nameSimp": "侯王若能守之，万物将自化", "questionSimp": "「自化」是侯王无为所致，还是万物自然？", "introSimp": "河上公以侯王守道则万物自化、效于己。王弼承上文言万物将自化，未别作释。成玄英以万乘之主、五等之君守持此道，八荒万国自然从化，学人亦然。唐玄宗御注以君无为而民淳朴；御疏以守道清净、无为无事则万物自感化。陆希声以守始母之术则万物之理得、天下之事正，所谓我无为而民自化。吕惠卿以自化则我与万物莫非道，孰知万物之宾与其所以宾。苏辙以圣人以无为化物，万物化之始于无为。吴澄以无心于化物而物将自化。憨山以守道之效神速，不期化而自化。魏源以任其自生自息。王夫之以知物之本正而不敢正之以化。诸家皆以「自化」为侯王守道、不加干涉之效，而所以化之者或归于道、或归于自然。" }, { "id": "hua-er-yu-zuo-wu-jiang-zhen-zhi-yi-wu-ming-zhi-pu", "name": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "nameTrad": "化而欲作，吾將鎮之以無名之樸", "question": "「欲作」何指？「鎮之以無名之樸」是壓制，還是復性？", "questionTrad": "「欲作」何指？「鎮之以無名之樸」是壓制，還是復性？", "intro": "河上公以萬物已化而後欲作巧偽者，王侯當鎮撫以道德。王弼以作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主。成玄英以眾生初從化起修、有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，以空遣有。唐玄宗御注以人從君化而復欲動作有為者，吾將無名之樸而鎮靜之；御疏以無名之樸即道，鎮之令清淨不欲作。陸希聲以利欲之情將有萌兆，必以大道之質奠而正之。呂惠卿以自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸。蘇轍以方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之。吳澄以有心欲其化則非無為，鎮謂壓定使之不起。憨山以欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執。魏源以氣運日趨於文、欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。王夫之以畏其用而與有名為侶，故並去其欲。諸家或主壓定、或主復性、或主遣執，大旨皆以無名之樸對治欲作。", "introTrad": "河上公以萬物已化而後欲作巧偽者，王侯當鎮撫以道德。王弼以作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主。成玄英以眾生初從化起修、有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，以空遣有。唐玄宗御注以人從君化而復欲動作有為者，吾將無名之樸而鎮靜之；御疏以無名之樸即道，鎮之令清淨不欲作。陸希聲以利欲之情將有萌兆，必以大道之質奠而正之。呂惠卿以自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸。蘇轍以方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之。吳澄以有心欲其化則非無為，鎮謂壓定使之不起。憨山以欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執。魏源以氣運日趨於文、欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。王夫之以畏其用而與有名為侶，故並去其欲。諸家或主壓定、或主復性、或主遣執，大旨皆以無名之樸對治欲作。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "萬物已化而後欲作巧偽，王侯當鎮撫以道德。", "thesisTrad": "萬物已化而後欲作巧偽，王侯當鎮撫以道德。", "noteIds": [ "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "万物已化而后欲作巧伪，王侯当镇抚以道德。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主。", "thesisTrad": "作欲成也，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主。", "noteIds": [ "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "作欲成也，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "眾生起修有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心。", "thesisTrad": "眾生起修有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心。", "noteIds": [ "c008" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "众生起修有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "人復欲動作有為，吾將無名之樸而鎮靜之。", "thesisTrad": "人復欲動作有為，吾將無名之樸而鎮靜之。", "noteIds": [ "c012", "c013" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "人复欲动作有为，吾将无名之朴而镇静之。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "利欲之情將有萌兆，必以大道之質奠而正之。", "thesisTrad": "利欲之情將有萌兆，必以大道之質奠而正之。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "利欲之情将有萌兆，必以大道之质奠而正之。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸。", "thesisTrad": "自化而欲作，鎮之以無名之樸。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "自化而欲作，镇之以无名之朴。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之。", "thesisTrad": "方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之。", "noteIds": [ "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "有心欲其化則非無為，鎮謂壓定使之不起。", "thesisTrad": "有心欲其化則非無為，鎮謂壓定使之不起。", "noteIds": [ "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "有心欲其化则非无为，镇谓压定使之不起。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執。", "thesisTrad": "欲作則鎮以無名之樸，然樸亦不可執。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "欲作则镇以无名之朴，然朴亦不可执。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。", "thesisTrad": "欲心萌作，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "欲心萌作，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "畏其用而與有名為侶，故並去其欲。", "thesisTrad": "畏其用而與有名為侶，故並去其欲。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "畏其用而与有名为侣，故并去其欲。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c002", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公把「欲作」解為巧偽，鎮之道是道德鎮撫。", "textTrad": "河上公把「欲作」解為巧偽，鎮之道是道德鎮撫。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公把「欲作」解为巧伪，镇之道是道德镇抚。" }, { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「作欲成」釋欲作，鎮之而不為之主。", "textTrad": "王弼以「作欲成」釋欲作，鎮之而不為之主。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「作欲成」释欲作，镇之而不为之主。" }, { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以「有心欲於果報」釋欲作，鎮之以空遣有。", "textTrad": "成玄英以「有心欲於果報」釋欲作，鎮之以空遣有。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以「有心欲于果报」释欲作，镇之以空遣有。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以人從君化而復動作有為，故以樸鎮靜。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以人從君化而復動作有為，故以樸鎮靜。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以人从君化而复动作有为，故以朴镇静。" }, { "noteId": "c013", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏明「吾」為侯王自稱，鎮之令清淨不欲作。", "textTrad": "御疏明「吾」為侯王自稱，鎮之令清淨不欲作。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏明「吾」为侯王自称，镇之令清净不欲作。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以利欲萌兆為欲作，以大道之質奠正之。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以利欲萌兆為欲作，以大道之質奠正之。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以利欲萌兆为欲作，以大道之质奠正之。" }, { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以「有心欲其化」為欲作，鎮即壓定不起。", "textTrad": "吳澄以「有心欲其化」為欲作，鎮即壓定不起。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以「有心欲其化」为欲作，镇即压定不起。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以藥病為喻，鎮樸而不可執樸。", "textTrad": "憨山以藥病為喻，鎮樸而不可執樸。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以药病为喻，镇朴而不可执朴。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以氣運趨文、欲心萌作為欲作，鎮之以靜質。", "textTrad": "魏源以氣運趨文、欲心萌作為欲作，鎮之以靜質。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以气运趋文、欲心萌作为欲作，镇之以静质。" } ], "nameSimp": "化而欲作，吾将镇之以无名之朴", "questionSimp": "「欲作」何指？「镇之以无名之朴」是压制，还是复性？", "introSimp": "河上公以万物已化而后欲作巧伪者，王侯当镇抚以道德。王弼以作欲成也，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主。成玄英以众生初从化起修、有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，以空遣有。唐玄宗御注以人从君化而复欲动作有为者，吾将无名之朴而镇静之；御疏以无名之朴即道，镇之令清净不欲作。陆希声以利欲之情将有萌兆，必以大道之质奠而正之。吕惠卿以自化而欲作，镇之以无名之朴。苏辙以方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之。吴澄以有心欲其化则非无为，镇谓压定使之不起。憨山以欲作则镇以无名之朴，然朴亦不可执。魏源以气运日趋于文、欲心萌作，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文。王夫之以畏其用而与有名为侣，故并去其欲。诸家或主压定、或主复性、或主遣执，大旨皆以无名之朴对治欲作。" }, { "id": "wu-ming-zhi-pu-fu-yi-jiang-wu-yu-bu-yu-yi-jing", "name": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲；不欲以靜，天下將自定", "nameTrad": "無名之樸，夫亦將無欲；不欲以靜，天下將自定", "question": "「樸」本身是否也要忘掉？「無欲」與「靜」如何使天下自定？", "questionTrad": "「樸」本身是否也要忘掉？「無欲」與「靜」如何使天下自定？", "intro": "河上公以無名之樸亦將不欲，王侯當以清淨道化，天下自正安定。王弼以無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。成玄英以非但不得欲於有法，亦不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。唐玄宗御注以不可執此無名而令有迹，故於樸亦將兼忘，泊然清淨而天下自正；御疏以病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟為喻。陸希聲以心迹兼忘、事理玄會，天下各正性命。呂惠卿以樸亦不欲，則未始有夫無為，天下自正。蘇轍以聖人中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。吳澄以既鎮其欲則欲亦將不欲，靜為作之反，天下將自正。憨山以樸亦不可執，以靜制動，天下自正。魏源以無欲則靜、靜則正而返於樸，並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說。王夫之以無名與有名為侶、畏其用故並去其欲，兩壘立而善守其間。諸家多主「樸亦不欲」，唯魏源以此說背黃老清淨之旨，力主「夫亦將無欲」謂使人人無欲。", "introTrad": "河上公以無名之樸亦將不欲，王侯當以清淨道化，天下自正安定。王弼以無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。成玄英以非但不得欲於有法，亦不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。唐玄宗御注以不可執此無名而令有迹，故於樸亦將兼忘，泊然清淨而天下自正；御疏以病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟為喻。陸希聲以心迹兼忘、事理玄會，天下各正性命。呂惠卿以樸亦不欲，則未始有夫無為，天下自正。蘇轍以聖人中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。吳澄以既鎮其欲則欲亦將不欲，靜為作之反，天下將自正。憨山以樸亦不可執，以靜制動，天下自正。魏源以無欲則靜、靜則正而返於樸，並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說。王夫之以無名與有名為侶、畏其用故並去其欲，兩壘立而善守其間。諸家多主「樸亦不欲」，唯魏源以此說背黃老清淨之旨，力主「夫亦將無欲」謂使人人無欲。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無名之樸亦將不欲，當以清淨道化，天下自正安定。", "thesisTrad": "無名之樸亦將不欲，當以清淨道化，天下自正安定。", "noteIds": [ "c003" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无名之朴亦将不欲，当以清净道化，天下自正安定。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。", "thesisTrad": "無名之樸亦將無欲，無欲競也。", "noteIds": [ "c006" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无名之朴亦将无欲，无欲竞也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。", "thesisTrad": "不得欲此無名之樸，有無雙離，遣之又遣，故天下自正。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "不得欲此无名之朴，有无双离，遣之又遣，故天下自正。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "不可執此無名而令有迹，故於樸亦將兼忘，天下自正。", "thesisTrad": "不可執此無名而令有迹，故於樸亦將兼忘，天下自正。", "noteIds": [ "c014", "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "不可执此无名而令有迹，故于朴亦将兼忘，天下自正。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "心迹兼忘、事理玄會，天下各正其性命。", "thesisTrad": "心迹兼忘、事理玄會，天下各正其性命。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "心迹兼忘、事理玄会，天下各正其性命。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "樸亦不欲，則未始有夫無為，天下自正。", "thesisTrad": "樸亦不欲，則未始有夫無為，天下自正。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "朴亦不欲，则未始有夫无为，天下自正。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。", "thesisTrad": "中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大。", "noteIds": [ "c019" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "既鎮其欲則欲亦將不欲，靜為作之反，天下將自正。", "thesisTrad": "既鎮其欲則欲亦將不欲，靜為作之反，天下將自正。", "noteIds": [ "c022", "c023" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "既镇其欲则欲亦将不欲，静为作之反，天下将自正。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "樸亦不可執，以靜制動，天下自正。", "thesisTrad": "樸亦不可執，以靜制動，天下自正。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "朴亦不可执，以静制动，天下自正。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "無欲則靜，靜則正而返於樸；辨「樸亦不欲」之說。", "thesisTrad": "無欲則靜，靜則正而返於樸；辨「樸亦不欲」之說。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "无欲则静，静则正而返于朴；辨「朴亦不欲」之说。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "無名與有名為侶，畏其用故並去其欲。", "thesisTrad": "無名與有名為侶，畏其用故並去其欲。", "noteIds": [ "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "无名与有名为侣，畏其用故并去其欲。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以「亦將不欲」連讀樸與靜，天下自正安定。", "textTrad": "河上公以「亦將不欲」連讀樸與靜，天下自正安定。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以「亦将不欲」连读朴与静，天下自正安定。" }, { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以「無欲競」釋夫亦將無欲，欲去則不爭。", "textTrad": "王弼以「無欲競」釋夫亦將無欲，欲去則不爭。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以「无欲竞」释夫亦将无欲，欲去则不争。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英遣有遣無，樸與不欲俱捨，歸於一中之道。", "textTrad": "成玄英遣有遣無，樸與不欲俱捨，歸於一中之道。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英遣有遣无，朴与不欲俱舍，归于一中之道。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以「不可執無名而令有迹」立戒，樸亦兼忘。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以「不可執無名而令有迹」立戒，樸亦兼忘。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以「不可执无名而令有迹」立戒，朴亦兼忘。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟喻樸亦不欲，最為透徹。", "textTrad": "御疏以病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟喻樸亦不欲，最為透徹。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以病愈忘药、济而遗舟喻朴亦不欲，最为透彻。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以「中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹」申兼忘。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以「中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹」申兼忘。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以「中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹」申兼忘。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以「靜者作之反」收束，無欲則靜、靜則正。", "textTrad": "吳澄以「靜者作之反」收束，無欲則靜、靜則正。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以「静者作之反」收束，无欲则静、静则正。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以石壓草、病去忘藥為喻，樸可用而不可執。", "textTrad": "憨山以石壓草、病去忘藥為喻，樸可用而不可執。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以石压草、病去忘药为喻，朴可用而不可执。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "異解", "relationTrad": "異解", "text": "魏源力主「夫亦將無欲」為使人人無欲，反駁樸亦不欲之說。", "textTrad": "魏源力主「夫亦將無欲」為使人人無欲，反駁樸亦不欲之說。", "relationSimp": "异解", "textSimp": "魏源力主「夫亦将无欲」为使人人无欲，反驳朴亦不欲之说。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以「兩壘立而善守其間」總結樸與有名的張力。", "textTrad": "王夫之以「兩壘立而善守其間」總結樸與有名的張力。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以「两垒立而善守其间」总结朴与有名的张力。" } ], "nameSimp": "无名之朴，夫亦将无欲；不欲以静，天下将自定", "questionSimp": "「朴」本身是否也要忘掉？「无欲」与「静」如何使天下自定？", "introSimp": "河上公以无名之朴亦将不欲，王侯当以清净道化，天下自正安定。王弼以无名之朴亦将无欲，无欲竞也。成玄英以非但不得欲于有法，亦不得欲此无名之朴，有无双离，遣之又遣，故天下自正。唐玄宗御注以不可执此无名而令有迹，故于朴亦将兼忘，泊然清净而天下自正；御疏以病愈忘药、济而遗舟为喻。陆希声以心迹兼忘、事理玄会，天下各正性命。吕惠卿以朴亦不欲，则未始有夫无为，天下自正。苏辙以圣人中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大。吴澄以既镇其欲则欲亦将不欲，静为作之反，天下将自正。憨山以朴亦不可执，以静制动，天下自正。魏源以无欲则静、静则正而返于朴，并辨诸家「朴亦不欲」之说。王夫之以无名与有名为侣、畏其用故并去其欲，两垒立而善守其间。诸家多主「朴亦不欲」，唯魏源以此说背黄老清净之旨，力主「夫亦将无欲」谓使人人无欲。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.900Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-37", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "daojing", "order": 1, "title": "道經", "titleSimp": "道经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-37", "slug": "37", "order": 37, "title": "第三十七章", "titleSimp": "第三十七章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-29", "summary": "以「道常無為而無不為」發端，五句轉進：侯王若能守之、萬物將自化；化而欲作、吾將鎮之以無名之樸；無名之樸、夫亦將無欲；末以「不欲以靜，天下將自定」收束。十一家注疏並觀：河上公以道以無為為常、侯王守道則萬物自化，欲作巧偽者當鎮撫以道德，無名之樸亦將不欲、當以清淨道化；王弼以道常無為、順自然而萬物無不由為以治以成，鎮之以無名之樸而不為之主，無名之樸亦將無欲、無欲競也；成玄英以凝常之道寂爾無為、從體起用應物動作，眾生有心欲於果報，須以無名樸素之道安鎮其心，有無雙離、遣之又遣，故天下自正；唐玄宗御注以妙本清靜故常無為、物恃以生而無不為，御疏以道性清淨、有感必應，於樸亦將兼忘，如病愈忘藥、濟而遺舟；陸希聲以體無名故無為、用有名故無不為，利欲萌兆則以大道之質奠正之；呂惠卿以道常無名、有名者賓，無為而無不為故萬物自化，樸亦不欲則天下自正；蘇轍以聖人以無為化物，方作而不為之動，終以無名之樸鎮之，中無抱樸之念、外無抱樸之迹，故樸全而用大；吳澄以道之無為乆而不變、當為之事無一不為，有心欲其化則非無為，靜為作之反，天下將自正；憨山以守道則萬物自化，樸亦不可執，如病去忘藥，以靜制動；魏源以萬物自化、氣運日趨於文，當以無名之樸以靜鎮動、以質止文，並辨諸家「樸亦不欲」之說背黃老清淨之旨；王夫之以藏樸者終古有器之用、見樸者用極於器而止，無名與有名為侶。河上公三注、王弼三注、成玄英三注、唐玄宗御注御疏六注、陸希聲一注、呂惠卿一注、蘇轍二注、吳澄四注、憨山一注、魏源一注、王夫之一注；李榮卷四末注「後文元闕」、嚴遵《玄德纂疏》卷十無本章輯文、俞樾此章未列，故十一家。吳澄、魏源以此章為其第三十二章；王弼本作「夫亦將無欲」「天下將自定」，諸本多作「亦將不欲」「天下將自正」，魏源作「無欲以靜」，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "以「道常无为而无不为」发端，五句转进：侯王若能守之、万物将自化；化而欲作、吾将镇之以无名之朴；无名之朴、夫亦将无欲；末以「不欲以静，天下将自定」收束。十一家注疏并观：河上公以道以无为为常、侯王守道则万物自化，欲作巧伪者当镇抚以道德，无名之朴亦将不欲、当以清净道化；王弼以道常无为、顺自然而万物无不由为以治以成，镇之以无名之朴而不为之主，无名之朴亦将无欲、无欲竞也；成玄英以凝常之道寂尔无为、从体起用应物动作，众生有心欲于果报，须以无名朴素之道安镇其心，有无双离、遣之又遣，故天下自正；唐玄宗御注以妙本清静故常无为、物恃以生而无不为，御疏以道性清净、有感必应，于朴亦将兼忘，如病愈忘药、济而遗舟；陆希声以体无名故无为、用有名故无不为，利欲萌兆则以大道之质奠正之；吕惠卿以道常无名、有名者宾，无为而无不为故万物自化，朴亦不欲则天下自正；苏辙以圣人以无为化物，方作而不为之动，终以无名之朴镇之，中无抱朴之念、外无抱朴之迹，故朴全而用大；吴澄以道之无为乆而不变、当为之事无一不为，有心欲其化则非无为，静为作之反，天下将自正；憨山以守道则万物自化，朴亦不可执，如病去忘药，以静制动；魏源以万物自化、气运日趋於文，当以无名之朴以静镇动、以质止文，并辨诸家「朴亦不欲」之说背黄老清净之旨；王夫之以藏朴者终古有器之用、见朴者用极于器而止，无名与有名为侣。河上公三注、王弼三注、成玄英三注、唐玄宗御注御疏六注、陆希声一注、吕惠卿一注、苏辙二注、吴澄四注、憨山一注、魏源一注、王夫之一注；李荣卷四末注「后文元阙」、严遵《玄德纂疏》卷十无本章辑文、俞樾此章未列，故十一家。吴澄、魏源以此章为其第三十二章；王弼本作「夫亦将无欲」「天下将自定」，诸本多作「亦将不欲」「天下将自正」，魏源作「无欲以静」，并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-37.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-37.json", "url": "/laozi/37/", "orderLabel": "第三十七", "volumeId": "daojing", "part": "道經", "partSimp": "道经" }, "paragraphs": [ { "id": "p001", "no": 1, 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