{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-46", "no": 46, "part": "德經", "partSimp": "德经", "title": "第四十六章", "titleSimp": "第四十六章", "intro": "《老子》第四十六章，河上公題「儉欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本無章題；吳澄以此章為其第三十八章；魏源以此章為其第三十九章；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇。王弼本四句：天下有道，卻走馬以糞；天下無道，戎馬生於郊；禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得；故知足之足，常足矣。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，王夫之亦然，河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山諸本有之，本站正文從王弼本，此句見於校記與諸家注。全章以有道、無道對舉：有道則兵革不用，善馬退而治田；無道則戰伐不已，戎馬生於郊境；終以不知足、欲得為禍咎之大，而歸於知足常足。河上公以人主有道，兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田，治身者卻陽精以糞其身；無道則戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還；罪好淫色，禍富貴不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且貪；知足守真根，常足無欲心。王弼以有道知足知止，無求於外，各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞；無道則貪欲無厭，不修其內，各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文，宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心；無道之人禽荒色荒，多貪境土，好行征伐，軍戎兵馬出生郊外，治身者心不懷道，縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境；罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心，禍即罪之深重、禍延三族，咎為考責、禍重咎輕；知足守分，恒無闕少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主無為化行，既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境。御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還；罪由貪求土地，見可欲而欲心興動；禍由求取不已，神道不祐；咎由欲必皆得，則禍深；知足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多。嚴遵以君民相懸命，君得道則萬民昌，失道則萬民喪；世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作；失道則諸侯不朝，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者獵禍之具，利心常起為得咎之至要；得道之主建心於足，游志於止，天下歸之。李榮以君上有道，除奔命之馬，臣下無為，糞乘田之業，修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文；無道則四郊多壘，五兵斯起，心王無道，馳六識之馬；罪罰止一身，禍下及子孫，咎上誤祖先；除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。陸希聲以有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖；無道則兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君；其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。呂惠卿以民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞；无道則見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招；不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。蘇轍以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王為是則戎馬所自起；知足者所遇而足。吳澄以卻為退，走馬為善走之馬，糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「糞車」之車字，謂張衡《東京賦》用老子全句，王弼注時已脫，車郊叶韻；無道則戎馬生育郊外；罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，知自足則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。憨山以此承上清淨無為之益，甚言多欲有為之害，誡人君當以知足自守；上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇；世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，戎馬生於郊；罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，惟知足之足無不足。魏源以此章為其第三十九章，校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵引無車字，故仍其舊；又校王弼本無罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前、司馬本無「之足」及「矣」、韓非作「知足之為足矣」；引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。王夫之以禍發於方寸，福隱於無名，一機之動如蟻穿，萬殺之爭如河決，有道者不為福先而天下無禍，明於陰陽之亢害而樂遊大同之圃。本站以王弼《老子注》為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "introSimp": "《老子》第四十六章，河上公题「俭欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、吕惠卿、苏辙题「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本无章题；吴澄以此章为其第三十八章；魏源以此章为其第三十九章；严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇。王弼本四句：天下有道，却走马以粪；天下无道，戎马生于郊；祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得；故知足之足，常足矣。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，王夫之亦然，河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山诸本有之，本站正文从王弼本，此句见于校记与诸家注。全章以有道、无道对举：有道则兵革不用，善马退而治田；无道则战伐不已，戎马生于郊境；终以不知足、欲得为祸咎之大，而归于知足常足。河上公以人主有道，兵甲不用，却走马以治农田，治身者却阳精以粪其身；无道则战伐不止，戎马生于郊境之上，久不还；罪好淫色，祸富贵不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且贪；知足守真根，常足无欲心。王弼以有道知足知止，无求于外，各修其内，故却走马以治田粪；无道则贪欲无厌，不修其内，各求于外，故戎马生于郊。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文，宇内清夷，故却驰走之马以粪农亩，治身者却六根兵马以道粪心；无道之人禽荒色荒，多贪境土，好行征伐，军戎兵马出生郊外，治身者心不怀道，纵六根兵马驰骋尘境；罪为苦所摧逼，境能逼心，祸即罪之深重、祸延三族，咎为考责、祸重咎轻；知足守分，恒无阙少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主无为化行，既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境。御疏以守在四夷、疆场无事，人得俶载南亩；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不还；罪由贪求土地，见可欲而欲心兴动；祸由求取不已，神道不祐；咎由欲必皆得，则祸深；知足在于心不在于物，循涯守分，虽少而多。严遵以君民相悬命，君得道则万民昌，失道则万民丧；世主得道，宇内不扰，兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作；失道则诸侯不朝，轻车枭骑，士马生郊，历年不还；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者猎祸之具，利心常起为得咎之至要；得道之主建心于足，游志于止，天下归之。李荣以君上有道，除奔命之马，臣下无为，粪乘田之业，修真者去驰骋之浮情、粪身神以道德，务学者绝飘荡之懈惰、粪心灵以艺文；无道则四郊多垒，五兵斯起，心王无道，驰六识之马；罪罚止一身，祸下及子孙，咎上误祖先；除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏。陆希声以有道之世守在四夷、邻国，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖；无道则兵甲动于境内，戎马驰于四郊，民去其乡而叛其君；其恶有三：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。吕惠卿以民之智能已于耕食之间，盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪；无道则见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足则虽有余而不止，欲得则怨咎之招；不知足者虽足而不足，知足之足常足。苏辙以天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其祸又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王为是则戎马所自起；知足者所遇而足。吴澄以却为退，走马为善走之马，粪车为粪载之车，有道之世各守分地，善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田，并考「粪车」之车字，谓张衡《东京赋》用老子全句，王弼注时已脱，车郊叶韵；无道则戎马生育郊外；罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎，知自足则不贪夺战争而常自足。憨山以此承上清净无为之益，甚言多欲有为之害，诫人君当以知足自守；上古有道之君清净无欲，民安其业，弃却走马而粪田畴；世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，戎马生于郊；罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，惟知足之足无不足。魏源以此章为其第三十九章，校「粪」字，傅奕作播，张衡、张协用粪车，韩非、淮南、盐铁引无车字，故仍其旧；又校王弼本无罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吴澄句序在「祸莫大」前、司马本无「之足」及「矣」、韩非作「知足之为足矣」；引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。王夫之以祸发于方寸，福隐于无名，一机之动如蚁穿，万杀之争如河决，有道者不为福先而天下无祸，明于阴阳之亢害而乐游大同之圃。本站以王弼《老子注》为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十三家舊注。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、蘇轍、吳澄逐句或分段分疏；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山各以整章一段通釋，本站按文義分條；魏源以章次校記、王夫之以整章衍文。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，諸家注此句者附於「禍莫大於不知足」句下。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十三家旧注。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、苏辙、吴澄逐句或分段分疏；陆希声、吕惠卿、憨山各以整章一段通释，本站按文义分条；魏源以章次校记、王夫之以整章衍文。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，诸家注此句者附于「祸莫大于不知足」句下。俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "slug": "46", "order": 46, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "全章四句：首二句以有道、無道對舉——有道則卻走馬以糞田，無道則戎馬生於郊；次言禍莫大於不知足、咎莫大於欲得；末言知足之足、常足。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，諸家注此句者附於「禍莫大於不知足」句下。河上公以人主有道則兵甲不用、卻走馬以治農田，治身者卻陽精以糞其身；無道則戰伐不止、戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還；罪好淫色，禍富貴不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且貪；知足守真根，常足無欲心。王弼以有道知足知止、無求於外、各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞；無道則貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外，故戎馬生於郊；末二句無注。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心；無道之人禽荒色荒、多貪境土，軍戎兵馬出生郊外，治身者心不懷道、縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境；罪為苦所摧逼、境能逼心，禍即罪之深重、禍延三族，咎為考責、禍重咎輕；知足守分、恒無闕少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主無為化行、既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還；罪由貪求土地，禍由神道不祐，咎由已得而無厭，知足在於心不在於物、循涯守分、雖少而多。嚴遵以君民相懸命，君得道則萬民昌、失道則萬民喪；世主得道，宇內不擾、兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作；失道則諸侯不朝、輕車梟騎、士馬生郊、歷年不還；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者獵禍之具，利心常起為得咎之至要；得道之主建心於足、游志於止，天下歸之。李榮以君上有道，除奔命之馬；臣下無為，糞乘田之業；修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文；無道則四郊多壘、五兵斯起，心王無道、馳六識之馬；罪罰止一身，禍下及子孫，咎上誤祖先；除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。陸希聲以有道之世守在四夷，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖；無道則兵甲動於境內、戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君；其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。呂惠卿以民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞；无道則見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招；不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。蘇轍以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王為是則戎馬所自起；知足者所遇而足。吳澄以卻為退、走馬為善走之馬、糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「糞車」之車字，謂張衡《東京賦》用老子全句、王弼注時已脫、車郊叶韻；無道則戎馬生育郊外；罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，知自足則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。憨山以此承上清淨無為之益，甚言多欲有為之害，誡人君當以知足自守；上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇；世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，戎馬生於郊；罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，惟知足之足無不足。魏源以此章為其第三十九章，校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵引無車字，故仍其舊；又校王弼本無罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前、司馬本無「之足」及「矣」、韓非作「知足之為足矣」；引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。王夫之以禍發於方寸、福隱於無名，一機之動如蟻穿、萬殺之爭如河決，有道者不為福先而天下無禍，明於陰陽之亢害而樂遊大同之圃。河上公九注、王弼二注、成玄英七注、唐玄宗御注御疏十二注、嚴遵五注、李榮四注、陸希聲三注、呂惠卿二注、蘇轍三注、吳澄二注、憨山二注、魏源四注、王夫之一注；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故十三家。河上公題「儉欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本無章題；吳澄以此章自為其第三十八章，魏源以此章為其第三十九章；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇。諸本異文：吳澄作「卻走馬以糞車」，「常足」下無「矣」字，且「咎莫大於欲得」在「禍莫大於不知足」前；傅奕「糞」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司馬本無「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韓非子》作「知足之為足矣」；嚴遵「知足之足」前無「故」字，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "全章四句：首二句以有道、无道对举——有道则却走马以粪田，无道则戎马生于郊；次言祸莫大于不知足、咎莫大于欲得；末言知足之足、常足。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，诸家注此句者附于「祸莫大于不知足」句下。河上公以人主有道则兵甲不用、却走马以治农田，治身者却阳精以粪其身；无道则战伐不止、戎马生于郊境之上，久不还；罪好淫色，祸富贵不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且贪；知足守真根，常足无欲心。王弼以有道知足知止、无求于外、各修其内，故却走马以治田粪；无道则贪欲无厌、不修其内、各求于外，故戎马生于郊；末二句无注。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷，故却驰走之马以粪农亩，治身者却六根兵马以道粪心；无道之人禽荒色荒、多贪境土，军戎兵马出生郊外，治身者心不怀道、纵六根兵马驰骋尘境；罪为苦所摧逼、境能逼心，祸即罪之深重、祸延三族，咎为考责、祸重咎轻；知足守分、恒无阙少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主无为化行、既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境；心见可欲为罪大，求取不已为祸大，欲必皆得则咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆场无事，人得俶载南亩；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不还；罪由贪求土地，祸由神道不祐，咎由已得而无厌，知足在于心不在于物、循涯守分、虽少而多。严遵以君民相悬命，君得道则万民昌、失道则万民丧；世主得道，宇内不扰、兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作；失道则诸侯不朝、轻车枭骑、士马生郊、历年不还；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者猎祸之具，利心常起为得咎之至要；得道之主建心于足、游志于止，天下归之。李荣以君上有道，除奔命之马；臣下无为，粪乘田之业；修真者去驰骋之浮情、粪身神以道德，务学者绝飘荡之懈惰、粪心灵以艺文；无道则四郊多垒、五兵斯起，心王无道、驰六识之马；罪罚止一身，祸下及子孙，咎上误祖先；除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏。陆希声以有道之世守在四夷，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖；无道则兵甲动于境内、戎马驰于四郊，民去其乡而叛其君；其恶有三：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。吕惠卿以民之智能已于耕食之间，盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪；无道则见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足则虽有余而不止，欲得则怨咎之招；不知足者虽足而不足，知足之足常足。苏辙以天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其祸又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王为是则戎马所自起；知足者所遇而足。吴澄以却为退、走马为善走之马、粪车为粪载之车，有道之世各守分地，善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田，并考「粪车」之车字，谓张衡《东京赋》用老子全句、王弼注时已脱、车郊叶韵；无道则戎马生育郊外；罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎，知自足则不贪夺战争而常自足。憨山以此承上清净无为之益，甚言多欲有为之害，诫人君当以知足自守；上古有道之君清净无欲，民安其业，弃却走马而粪田畴；世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，戎马生于郊；罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，惟知足之足无不足。魏源以此章为其第三十九章，校「粪」字，傅奕作播，张衡、张协用粪车，韩非、淮南、盐铁引无车字，故仍其旧；又校王弼本无罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吴澄句序在「祸莫大」前、司马本无「之足」及「矣」、韩非作「知足之为足矣」；引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。王夫之以祸发于方寸、福隐于无名，一机之动如蚁穿、万杀之争如河决，有道者不为福先而天下无祸，明于阴阳之亢害而乐游大同之圃。河上公九注、王弼二注、成玄英七注、唐玄宗御注御疏十二注、严遵五注、李荣四注、陆希声三注、吕惠卿二注、苏辙三注、吴澄二注、憨山二注、魏源四注、王夫之一注；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故十三家。河上公题「俭欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、吕惠卿、苏辙题「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本无章题；吴澄以此章自为其第三十八章，魏源以此章为其第三十九章；严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇。诸本异文：吴澄作「却走马以粪车」，「常足」下无「矣」字，且「咎莫大于欲得」在「祸莫大于不知足」前；傅奕「粪」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司马本无「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韩非子》作「知足之为足矣」；严遵「知足之足」前无「故」字，并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-46.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-46.json", "url": "/laozi/46/", "volumeId": "dejing", "volumeTitle": "德經", "volumeTitleSimp": "德经", "orderLabel": "第四十六" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼底本作「天下有道，卻走馬以糞，天下無道，戎馬生於郊，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，故知足之足，常足矣」，無「罪莫大於可欲」句；河上公題「儉欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「天下有道章第四十六」；吳澄以此章為其第三十八章；魏源以此章為其第三十九章。諸本異文：吳澄作「卻走馬以糞車」，「常足」下無「矣」字，且「咎莫大於欲得」在「禍莫大於不知足」前；傅奕「糞」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司馬本無「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韓非子》作「知足之為足矣」。正文從王弼本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》通行本", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼底本作「天下有道，却走马以粪，天下无道，戎马生于郊，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，故知足之足，常足矣」，无「罪莫大于可欲」句；河上公题「俭欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、吕惠卿、苏辙题「天下有道章第四十六」；吴澄以此章为其第三十八章；魏源以此章为其第三十九章。诸本异文：吴澄作「却走马以粪车」，「常足」下无「矣」字，且「咎莫大于欲得」在「祸莫大于不知足」前；傅奕「粪」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司马本无「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韩非子》作「知足之为足矣」。正文从王弼本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 4, "commentaries": 56, "charNotes": 12, "collations": 6 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「儉欲第四十六」，以人主有道則兵甲不用、卻走馬以治農田，治身者則卻陽精以糞其身；無道則戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還；罪好淫色，禍富貴不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且貪；知足守真根，常足無欲心。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引，參校四部叢刊本；注九條。", "count": 9, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「俭欲第四十六」，以人主有道则兵甲不用、却走马以治农田，治身者则却阳精以粪其身；无道则战伐不止，戎马生于郊境之上，久不还；罪好淫色，祸富贵不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且贪；知足守真根，常足无欲心。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引，参校四部丛刊本；注九条。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末為宗；此章注二條，以有道知足知止、無求於外、各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞；無道則貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，注亦不及此句。此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末为宗；此章注二条，以有道知足知止、无求于外、各修其内，故却走马以治田粪；无道则贪欲无厌、不修其内、各求于外，故戎马生于郊。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，注亦不及此句。此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十三存義疏，以有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心；無道之人禽荒色荒、多貪境土，軍戎兵馬出生郊外，治身者心不懷道，縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境；罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心；禍即罪之深重、禍延三族；咎為考責，禍重咎輕；知足守分，恒無闕少。注七條。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十三存义疏，以有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷，故却驰走之马以粪农亩，治身者却六根兵马以道粪心；无道之人禽荒色荒、多贪境土，军戎兵马出生郊外，治身者心不怀道，纵六根兵马驰骋尘境；罪为苦所摧逼，境能逼心；祸即罪之深重、祸延三族；咎为考责，祸重咎轻；知足守分，恒无阙少。注七条。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "李隆基", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9b3d3d", "desc": "帝王御注，兼採諸家；御注以有道之主無為化行、既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還；罪由貪求土地，禍由神道不祐，咎由已得而無厭足；足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多。注十二條，御注御疏各半。", "count": 12, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "李隆基", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "帝王御注，兼采诸家；御注以有道之主无为化行、既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境；心见可欲为罪大，求取不已为祸大，欲必皆得则咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆场无事，人得俶载南亩；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不还；罪由贪求土地，祸由神道不祐，咎由已得而无厌足；足在于心不在于物，循涯守分，虽少而多。注十二条，御注御疏各半。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "以「自然」「太和」立說；此章指歸存於《道藏》本，嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇；以君民相懸命，君得道則萬民昌，失道則萬民喪；世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作；失道則諸侯不朝，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者獵禍之具，利心常起為得咎之至要；得道之主建心於足，游志於止，天下歸之。正文「知足之足」前無「故」字。注五條。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "以「自然」「太和」立说；此章指归存于《道藏》本，严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇；以君民相悬命，君得道则万民昌，失道则万民丧；世主得道，宇内不扰，兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作；失道则诸侯不朝，轻车枭骑，士马生郊，历年不还；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者猎祸之具，利心常起为得咎之至要；得道之主建心于足，游志于止，天下归之。正文「知足之足」前无「故」字。注五条。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李注", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "生卒不詳", "color": "#4f6b7a", "desc": "唐初道士，以重玄遣執解《老》；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十三存注，以君上有道除奔命之馬，臣下無為糞乘田之業，修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文；無道則四郊多壘、五兵斯起，心王無道，馳六識之馬；罪罰止一身，禍下及子孫，咎上誤祖先；除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。注四條；「咎莫大」引作「咎莫甚」。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "生卒不详", "descSimp": "唐初道士，以重玄遣执解《老》；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十三存注，以君上有道除奔命之马，臣下无为粪乘田之业，修真者去驰骋之浮情、粪身神以道德，务学者绝飘荡之懈惰、粪心灵以艺文；无道则四郊多垒、五兵斯起，心王无道，驰六识之马；罪罚止一身，祸下及子孙，咎上误祖先；除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏。注四条；「咎莫大」引作「咎莫甚」。", "shortSimp": "李注" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以情性說道器；此章整章一傳，以有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖；無道則兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君；其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，則易供，故其求常足。此傳據《道藏》本，本站按文義分三條。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以情性说道器；此章整章一传，以有道之世守在四夷、邻国，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖；无道则兵甲动于境内，戎马驰于四郊，民去其乡而叛其君；其恶有三：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，则易供，故其求常足。此传据《道藏》本，本站按文义分三条。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "北宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#7a6a4a", "desc": "此章整章一傳，以民之智能已於耕食之間、盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞；无道則見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定，故戎馬生於郊；罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招而兵不已；不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。底本正文作「无道」「无欲」，本站按文義分二條。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "此章整章一传，以民之智能已于耕食之间、盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪；无道则见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定，故戎马生于郊；罪由可欲，不知足则虽有余而不止，欲得则怨咎之招而兵不已；不知足者虽足而不足，知足之足常足。底本正文作「无道」「无欲」，本站按文义分二条。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "北宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#4a6a6a", "desc": "此章注三條，以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，匹夫有一於身患必及之，侯王為是則戎馬所自起；知足者所遇而足，故無不足。此章解據《道藏》本。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "北宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "此章注三条，以天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其祸又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，匹夫有一于身患必及之，侯王为是则戎马所自起；知足者所遇而足，故无不足。此章解据《道藏》本。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#5a6a3a", "desc": "此章自為其第三十八章；以卻為退，走馬為善走之馬，糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地、不相侵戰，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田；又考「糞車」之車字，謂張衡《東京賦》用老子全句，王弼注時已脫，車郊叶韻；無道則寇敵日侵，戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外；罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，知自足則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。底本正文作「糞車」，「常足」下無「矣」字，且「咎」句在「禍」句前。注二條。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "此章自为其第三十八章；以却为退，走马为善走之马，粪车为粪载之车，有道之世各守分地、不相侵战，善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田；又考「粪车」之车字，谓张衡《东京赋》用老子全句，王弼注时已脱，车郊叶韵；无道则寇敌日侵，戎马不得归育国廐而生育郊外；罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎，知自足则不贪夺战争而常自足。底本正文作「粪车」，「常足」下无「矣」字，且「咎」句在「祸」句前。注二条。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#705a4a", "desc": "此章整章一解，承上清淨無為之益，甚言多欲有為之害，誡人君當以知足自守；上古有道之君清淨無欲、無為而化，民安其生、樂其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇；世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，互相殺伐，故戎馬生於郊；罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，惟知足之足無不足，故常足。底本正文作「常足」，無「矣」字；本站按文義分二條。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "此章整章一解，承上清净无为之益，甚言多欲有为之害，诫人君当以知足自守；上古有道之君清净无欲、无为而化，民安其生、乐其业，弃却走马而粪田畴；世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，各务富国强兵，互相杀伐，故戎马生于郊；罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，惟知足之足无不足，故常足。底本正文作「常足」，无「矣」字；本站按文义分二条。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏本義", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#3d5a6a", "desc": "清儒治《老》，重校勘與通義；此章為其第三十九章，校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡《四京賦》、張協《七命》用「糞車」，朱子、吳澄謂車郊協韻，然韓非、淮南、鹽鐵引此並無車字，河上、王弼諸本皆同，故仍其舊；又校王弼本無「罪莫大」句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前、司馬本無「之足」及「矣」、韓非作「知足之為足矣」；章末引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。校記與引說四條。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "清儒治《老》，重校勘与通义；此章为其第三十九章，校「粪」字，傅奕作播，张衡《四京赋》、张协《七命》用「粪车」，朱子、吴澄谓车郊协韵，然韩非、淮南、盐铁引此并无车字，河上、王弼诸本皆同，故仍其旧；又校王弼本无「罪莫大」句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吴澄句序在「祸莫大」前、司马本无「之足」及「矣」、韩非作「知足之为足矣」；章末引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。校记与引说四条。", "shortSimp": "魏本义" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "船山衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#3f5d52", "desc": "此章衍文一段，以禍發於方寸，福隱於無名，一機之動如蟻穿，萬殺之爭如河決；故有道者不為福先，而天下無禍，明於陰陽之亢害，樂遊於大同之圃，安能以己之已知，犯物之必害。底本正文無「罪莫大於可欲」句，「禍莫大於不知足」在「咎莫大於欲得」前。衍一條。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "船山衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "此章衍文一段，以祸发于方寸，福隐于无名，一机之动如蚁穿，万杀之争如河决；故有道者不为福先，而天下无祸，明于阴阳之亢害，乐游于大同之圃，安能以己之已知，犯物之必害。底本正文无「罪莫大于可欲」句，「祸莫大于不知足」在「咎莫大于欲得」前。衍一条。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞。", "textSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪。", "translation": "天下有道的时候，退还善走的战马，用来施肥治田。", "translationTrad": "天下有道的時候，退還善走的戰馬，用來施肥治田。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002", "c010", "c012", "c014", "c019", "c020", "c031", "c036", "c040", "c043", "c045", "c048", "c050", "c052" ], "noteCount": 15, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002", "n003" ], "key": "laozi-46:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊。", "textSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊。", "translation": "天下无道的时候，军马在郊境生育，战事久不得息。", "translationTrad": "天下無道的時候，軍馬在郊境生育，戰事久不得息。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c004", "c011", "c013", "c014", "c021", "c022", "c032", "c037", "c040", "c043", "c046", "c048", "c050" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n004", "n005" ], "key": "laozi-46:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得。", "textSimp": "祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得。", "translation": "祸患没有比不知满足更大的，灾咎没有比贪欲求得更大的。", "translationTrad": "禍患沒有比不知滿足更大的，災咎沒有比貪欲求得更大的。", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c006", "c007", "c015", "c016", "c017", "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c033", "c034", "c038", "c041", "c044", "c046", "c049", "c051", "c053", "c056" ], "noteCount": 22, "charNoteIds": [ "n006", "n007", "n008", "n009", "n010" ], "key": "laozi-46:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "故知足之足，常足矣。", "textSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣。", "translation": "所以懂得以知足为足，就能长久满足。", "translationTrad": "所以懂得以知足為足，就能長久滿足。", "noteIds": [ "c008", "c009", "c018", "c029", "c030", "c035", "c039", "c042", "c044", "c047", "c049", "c051", "c054", "c055", "c056" ], "noteCount": 15, "charNoteIds": [ "n011", "n012" ], "key": "laozi-46:s004", "n": 4 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有道，謂人主有道也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "天下有道，谓人主有道也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "糞者，糞田也。兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田。治身者卻陽精以糞其身。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "粪者，粪田也。兵甲不用，却走马以治农田。治身者却阳精以粪其身。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下無道", "kind": "note", "text": "天下無道，謂人主無道也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "天下无道，谓人主无道也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "天下无道" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "战伐不止，戎马生于郊境之上，久不还也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "好淫色也。", "authorNote": "王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，此注據諸本附見。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "好淫色也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，此注據諸本附見。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，此注据诸本附见。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足", "kind": "note", "text": "富貴不能自禁止也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "富贵不能自禁止也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "欲得人物，利且貪也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "欲得人物，利且贪也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足", "kind": "note", "text": "守真根也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "守真根也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "無欲心也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "无欲心也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "常足矣" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有道，知足知止，無求於外，各修其內而已，故卻走馬以治田糞也。", "authorNote": "此章王弼注據《道藏》本；王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "天下有道，知足知止，无求于外，各修其内而已，故却走马以治田粪也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）（此章王弼注據《道藏》本；王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章王弼注据《道藏》本；王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "貪欲無厭，不修其內，各求於外，故戎馬生於郊也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "贪欲无厌，不修其内，各求于外，故戎马生于郊也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "言有道之君蒞於天下，干戈靜息，偃武修文，宇內清夷，無為而治，故能卻馳走之馬以糞農畝。治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心，故孟子云：人皆以糞糞其田，而莫知以學糞其心也。", "authorNote": "成玄英此章疏據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "言有道之君莅于天下，干戈静息，偃武修文，宇内清夷，无为而治，故能却驰走之马以粪农亩。治身者却六根兵马以道粪心，故孟子云：人皆以粪粪其田，而莫知以学粪其心也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（成玄英此章疏據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "成玄英此章疏据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。", "lemmaSimp": "却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "郭外曰郊。無道之人臨於海內，禽荒色荒，四方不靜，多貪境土，好行征伐，遂使軍戎兵馬出生郊外。治身者言躁競之夫心不懷道，縱於六根兵馬，馳騁塵境之中，內不覽真，恒緣外物，故云生郊也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "郭外曰郊。无道之人临于海内，禽荒色荒，四方不静，多贪境土，好行征伐，遂使军戎兵马出生郊外。治身者言躁竞之夫心不怀道，纵于六根兵马，驰骋尘境之中，内不览真，恒缘外物，故云生郊也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下有道……戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞；天下無道，戎馬生於郊，謂午也。正陽之精生於午，午者馬也。故心欲東則東，欲西則西，欲南則南，欲北則北，心有四門，能知四方……心中有道，則正氣流行，支體滋潤，故卻走馬以糞之；心無道則生淫亂，戎馬四走於郊，邪脈致以害身，故曰戎馬生於郊。", "authorNote": "此條就治身解全章首二句，引文有節略。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪；天下无道，戎马生于郊，谓午也。正阳之精生于午，午者马也。故心欲东则东，欲西则西，欲南则南，欲北则北，心有四门，能知四方……心中有道，则正气流行，支体滋润，故却走马以粪之；心无道则生淫乱，戎马四走于郊，邪脉致以害身，故曰戎马生于郊。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（此條就治身解全章首二句，引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此条就治身解全章首二句，引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道……戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "罪，摧也，言為苦之所摧逼也。可欲，境也，言前境美麗稱可欲心，故言可欲也。然境能逼心，是起罪之緣，以戒修行人不可染境也，故云不見可欲使心不亂。", "authorNote": "王弼本無此句，此疏據諸本附見。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "罪，摧也，言为苦之所摧逼也。可欲，境也，言前境美丽称可欲心，故言可欲也。然境能逼心，是起罪之缘，以戒修行人不可染境也，故云不见可欲使心不乱。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（王弼本無此句，此疏據諸本附見。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼本无此句，此疏据诸本附见。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足", "kind": "note", "text": "禍即罪之深重者也。言心貪前境，不知厭足，害人損物，為罪日深，非唯災及一身，亦乃禍延三族。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "祸即罪之深重者也。言心贪前境，不知厌足，害人损物，为罪日深，非唯灾及一身，亦乃祸延三族。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "咎，考責也。欲得之心，略無涯際，其為咎責，莫甚於此。校量深淺，禍重咎輕，欲備顯物情，故其彰三釁也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "咎，考责也。欲得之心，略无涯际，其为咎责，莫甚于此。校量深浅，祸重咎轻，欲备显物情，故其彰三衅也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "守分不貪，於行使足，恒無闕少，故言常足。欲明貪競之類遭遇禍殃，知足之人恒居安泰，先貧後樂，故述此文。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "守分不贪，于行使足，恒无阙少，故言常足。欲明贪竞之类遭遇祸殃，知足之人恒居安泰，先贫后乐，故述此文。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有道之主，無為化行，既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬之事，人得糞理田園。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天下有道之主，无为化行，既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马之事，人得粪理田园。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "卻，屏去也；糞，謂理田也。天下有道，謂以道為理，無為化行，守在四夷，疆場無事，不必多貪土地以困黎元，所以屏卻兵革，走馬之事，人得俶載南畝以糞理田園也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "却，屏去也；粪，谓理田也。天下有道，谓以道为理，无为化行，守在四夷，疆场无事，不必多贪土地以困黎元，所以屏却兵革，走马之事，人得俶载南亩以粪理田园也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "天下無道之君，縱欲攻取，故兵戎士馬寄生於郊境之上爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天下无道之君，纵欲攻取，故兵戎士马寄生于郊境之上尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "郊者，交也，謂交境之際，拒守之地也。言天下無用道之君，則荒塞有不賓之虜，故兵戎軍馬生育於郊境之上，謂久而不還也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "郊者，交也，谓交境之际，拒守之地也。言天下无用道之君，则荒塞有不宾之虏，故兵戎军马生育于郊境之上，谓久而不还也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "心見可欲為罪大。", "authorNote": "此為御注；王弼本無此句。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "心见可欲为罪大。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注；王弼本無此句。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注；王弼本无此句。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "犯法為罪，貪求為欲。言戎馬生郊之罪，由人君貪求土地，見土地可欲，欲心興動，將貪求此罪之大者，故云罪莫大於可欲。", "authorNote": "此為御疏；王弼本無此句。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "犯法为罪，贪求为欲。言戎马生郊之罪，由人君贪求土地，见土地可欲，欲心兴动，将贪求此罪之大者，故云罪莫大于可欲。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏；王弼本無此句。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏；王弼本无此句。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足", "kind": "note", "text": "求取不已為禍大也。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "求取不已为祸大也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足", "kind": "note", "text": "禍，害也，神不祐也。夫亡敗之禍，緣何而來？由貪土地，求而無厭，不知止足，致神道不祐而嬰禍害。人之有過，過非一途，貪之為禍，禍之大也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "祸，害也，神不祐也。夫亡败之祸，缘何而来？由贪土地，求而无厌，不知止足，致神道不祐而婴祸害。人之有过，过非一途，贪之为祸，祸之大也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "殃咎之大，莫大於欲，必令皆得，則禍深故爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注；《玄德纂疏》引文如此，疑「欲」下脫「得」字。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "殃咎之大，莫大于欲，必令皆得，则祸深故尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注；《玄德纂疏》引文如此，疑「欲」下脫「得」字。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注；《玄德纂疏》引文如此，疑「欲」下脱「得」字。", "lemmaSimp": "咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "咎，殃咎也。夫貪冒之雄，欲心增侈，得之不已而又求之，非道得之，則不旋踵自招殃咎，不亦宜乎？可欲謂欲而未得，初起貪心，罪輕於禍；不知足者，得而更須，禍重於罪；莫甚於欲得者，謂已得欲心尚無厭足，則咎之為過，斯甚於禍也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "咎，殃咎也。夫贪冒之雄，欲心增侈，得之不已而又求之，非道得之，则不旋踵自招殃咎，不亦宜乎？可欲谓欲而未得，初起贪心，罪轻于祸；不知足者，得而更须，祸重于罪；莫甚于欲得者，谓已得欲心尚无厌足，则咎之为过，斯甚于祸也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "物足者非知足，心足者乃知足也。心若知足，此足則常足矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "物足者非知足，心足者乃知足也。心若知足，此足则常足矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "以結有道之君也。言有道之君，無欲廣大，不貪土地，故於本分而知足，則為天下樂推，身安國理，此知足之足，乃至交讓而常足也。注云物足者非知足、心足者乃知足也，謂足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多；有欲無厭，雖多亦少爾。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "以结有道之君也。言有道之君，无欲广大，不贪土地，故于本分而知足，则为天下乐推，身安国理，此知足之足，乃至交让而常足也。注云物足者非知足、心足者乃知足也，谓足在于心不在于物，循涯守分，虽少而多；有欲无厌，虽多亦少尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "人之生也懸命於君，君之立也懸命於民。君得道也則萬民昌，君失道也則萬民喪；萬民昌則宗廟顯，萬民喪則宗廟傾……是以世主得道，宇內不擾，諸侯賓服，百蠻雍喜，四海同風，兵革不起……聰明辯智隨澤而耕，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作（所謂天下有道，卻走馬以糞也）。天下宴閒，各樂其業……非天降福，世主道德也。", "authorNote": "嚴遵此章指歸據《道藏》本；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇；引文有節略。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "人之生也悬命于君，君之立也悬命于民。君得道也则万民昌，君失道也则万民丧；万民昌则宗庙显，万民丧则宗庙倾……是以世主得道，宇内不扰，诸侯宾服，百蛮雍喜，四海同风，兵革不起……聪明辩智随泽而耕，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作（所谓天下有道，却走马以粪也）。天下宴闲，各乐其业……非天降福，世主道德也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）（嚴遵此章指歸據《道藏》本；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇；引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "严遵此章指归据《道藏》本；严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇；引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "天子失道，諸侯不朝……法制舛殊，四方背叛，力正相凌，舉兵爭權，弱者為虜，強者為君……輕車梟騎，興敵相當，士馬生郊，歷年不還……（此戎馬所以生於郊也）。", "authorNote": "引文有節略。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "天子失道，诸侯不朝……法制舛殊，四方背叛，力正相凌，举兵争权，弱者为虏，强者为君……轻车枭骑，兴敌相当，士马生郊，历年不还……（此戎马所以生于郊也）。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）（引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "夫遭天之鴻命，繼先聖之後，貴為天子，富有四海，爵尊寵極，莫與比列……反以驕奢取名，求勢不止，逆天迕地，無不凌侮，是以不訾之士相矯而起……身死國亡，宗廟崩弛，可欲之故，非天下之罪也（所謂罪莫重於可欲）。", "authorNote": "王弼本無此句，此指歸據諸本附見；引文有節略。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫遭天之鸿命，继先圣之后，贵为天子，富有四海，爵尊宠极，莫与比列……反以骄奢取名，求势不止，逆天迕地，无不凌侮，是以不訾之士相矫而起……身死国亡，宗庙崩弛，可欲之故，非天下之罪也（所谓罪莫重于可欲）。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）（王弼本無此句，此指歸據諸本附見；引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼本无此句，此指归据诸本附见；引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "是故威勢尊寵，窮極民上，名號顯榮，覆蓋天下，而不知足者，獵禍之具而危亡之大數也（禍莫大於不知足也）……利心常起，貪人壤土，欲人財寶，兼並不休，增加不已者，追患之大數而得咎之至要也（咎莫甚於欲得者也）。", "authorNote": "引文有節略；嚴遵引經作「咎莫甚於欲得」。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "是故威势尊宠，穷极民上，名号显荣，覆盖天下，而不知足者，猎祸之具而危亡之大数也（祸莫大于不知足也）……利心常起，贪人壤土，欲人财宝，兼并不休，增加不已者，追患之大数而得咎之至要也（咎莫甚于欲得者也）。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）（引文有節略；嚴遵引經作「咎莫甚於欲得」。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "引文有节略；严遵引经作「咎莫甚于欲得」。", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "夫道德神明，陶冶變化，已得為人，保合精神而有大形……鑿井而飲，耕田而食，長妻生子，與命相極，是足之足者也（異性同得故足也）……是以得道之主，建心於足，游志於止，辭威讓勢，孤特獨處，捐棄萬物，唯神是秉，身存名榮，久而不殆，天下歸之，無有不制（是知足之足，常足者也）。", "authorNote": "嚴遵本正文「知足之足」前無「故」字；引文有節略。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫道德神明，陶冶变化，已得为人，保合精神而有大形……凿井而饮，耕田而食，长妻生子，与命相极，是足之足者也（异性同得故足也）……是以得道之主，建心于足，游志于止，辞威让势，孤特独处，捐弃万物，唯神是秉，身存名荣，久而不殆，天下归之，无有不制（是知足之足，常足者也）。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《道藏》本）（嚴遵本正文「知足之足」前無「故」字；引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "严遵本正文「知足之足」前无「故」字；引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "君上有道，除奔命之馬；臣下無為，糞乘田之業。修真者去馳騁之浮情，糞身神以道德；務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰，糞心靈以藝文。", "authorNote": "李榮此章注據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "君上有道，除奔命之马；臣下无为，粪乘田之业。修真者去驰骋之浮情，粪身神以道德；务学者绝飘荡之懈惰，粪心灵以艺文。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（李榮此章注據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "李荣此章注据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引。", "lemmaSimp": "却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "生，起也。不用道而修文，專飾兵而用武，四郊多壘，五兵斯起，戎馬生於郊也。理不內明，心王無道，馳六識之馬，遍萬境之中，得失紛紜，是非交爭。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "生，起也。不用道而修文，专饰兵而用武，四郊多垒，五兵斯起，戎马生于郊也。理不内明，心王无道，驰六识之马，遍万境之中，得失纷纭，是非交争。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫甚於欲得。有道之人，遺情去欲，罪禍自除；無識之徒，縱性任心，殃咎斯至……罰止一身，罪也；下及子孫，禍也；上誤祖先，咎也。", "authorNote": "李榮引經作「咎莫甚於欲得」；引文有節略。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫甚于欲得。有道之人，遗情去欲，罪祸自除；无识之徒，纵性任心，殃咎斯至……罚止一身，罪也；下及子孙，祸也；上误祖先，咎也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）（李榮引經作「咎莫甚於欲得」；引文有節略。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "李荣引经作「咎莫甚于欲得」；引文有节略。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏，故言知足。動皆合道，事無不足之足也；無不足之時，常足也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "textSimp": "除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏，故言知足。动皆合道，事无不足之足也；无不足之时，常足也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下有道……戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "夫天下有道之世，天子則守在四夷，諸侯則守在鄰國，雖有甲兵無所用，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓順其教化，復於農桑，闢污萊以藝樹，糞田疇而播殖，故民咸安其土而敦其親矣。天下無道之時，天子則外攘四夷，諸侯則外侵鄰國，故兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊，百姓困於力役，失其本業，桑梓盡於樵薪，荆棘生於隴畝，民咸去其鄉而叛其君矣。", "authorNote": "陸希聲此章傳據《道藏》本；此傳整章通釋，今按文義分條。", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫天下有道之世，天子则守在四夷，诸侯则守在邻国，虽有甲兵无所用，虽有健马无所乘，百姓顺其教化，复于农桑，辟污莱以艺树，粪田畴而播殖，故民咸安其土而敦其亲矣。天下无道之时，天子则外攘四夷，诸侯则外侵邻国，故兵甲动于境内，戎马驰于四郊，百姓困于力役，失其本业，桑梓尽于樵薪，荆棘生于陇亩，民咸去其乡而叛其君矣。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）（陸希聲此章傳據《道藏》本；此傳整章通釋，今按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "陆希声此章传据《道藏》本；此传整章通释，今按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道……戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "於乎！無道之君毒痛天下，原其所以，其惡有三：心見可欲，非理而求，故罪莫大焉；求而不已，必害於人，故禍莫大焉；欲而必得其心愈熾，故咎莫重焉。然自非聖人不能無欲，欲則不能無求，求而不知足，禍之甚者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "於乎！无道之君毒痛天下，原其所以，其恶有三：心见可欲，非理而求，故罪莫大焉；求而不已，必害于人，故祸莫大焉；欲而必得其心愈炽，故咎莫重焉。然自非圣人不能无欲，欲则不能无求，求而不知足，祸之甚者也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "於乎！未有多求而多得之者，故求而知足者其求必寡，則易供，故其求常足矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "於乎！未有多求而多得之者，故求而知足者其求必寡，则易供，故其求常足矣。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下有道……戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有道，民之智能已於耕食之間，而盜爭銷於无欲之際，而其死已脫矣，故曰卻走馬以糞。天下无道，見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定也，故曰戎馬生於郊。", "authorNote": "呂惠卿此章傳據《道藏》本；此傳整章通釋，今按文義分條；底本正文作「无道」「无欲」。", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "天下有道，民之智能已于耕食之间，而盗争销于无欲之际，而其死已脱矣，故曰却走马以粪。天下无道，见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定也，故曰戎马生于郊。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（呂惠卿此章傳據《道藏》本；此傳整章通釋，今按文義分條；底本正文作「无道」「无欲」。）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "吕惠卿此章传据《道藏》本；此传整章通释，今按文义分条；底本正文作「无道」「无欲」。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道……戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲……常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "然則罪之所由生者何耶？可欲而已矣，故曰罪莫大於可欲。由可欲故不知足，則雖有餘而不止也。平為福，有餘為禍，故曰禍莫大於不知足。由不知足故欲得，欲而得之，則怨咎之招而兵之所以不已也，故曰咎莫大於欲得。故不知足者雖足而不足，則知足之足常足也可知矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "然则罪之所由生者何耶？可欲而已矣，故曰罪莫大于可欲。由可欲故不知足，则虽有余而不止也。平为福，有余为祸，故曰祸莫大于不知足。由不知足故欲得，欲而得之，则怨咎之招而兵之所以不已也，故曰咎莫大于欲得。故不知足者虽足而不足，则知足之足常足也可知矣。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲……常足矣" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田。", "authorNote": "蘇轍此章解據《道藏》本。", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）（蘇轍此章解據《道藏》本。）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "苏辙此章解据《道藏》本。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "戎馬生於郊……咎莫大於欲得", "kind": "note", "text": "以其可欲者示人固有罪矣，而不足其足者其禍又甚，所欲必得者其咎最大。匹夫有一於身，患必及之；侯王而為是，則戎馬之所自起也。", "authorNote": "此條兼釋「罪莫大於可欲」「禍莫大於不知足」「咎莫大於欲得」三句。", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "以其可欲者示人固有罪矣，而不足其足者其祸又甚，所欲必得者其咎最大。匹夫有一于身，患必及之；侯王而为是，则戎马之所自起也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）（此條兼釋「罪莫大於可欲」「禍莫大於不知足」「咎莫大於欲得」三句。）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此条兼释「罪莫大于可欲」「祸莫大于不知足」「咎莫大于欲得」三句。", "lemmaSimp": "戎马生于郊……咎莫大于欲得" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足，常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "知足者所遇而足，故無不足也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知足者所遇而足，故无不足也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞車……戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "卻，退也。走馬，善走之馬；糞車，糞載之車。古者每甸六十四井皆出戎馬充賦。有道之世，各守分地，不相侵戰，故民間善馬不以服戎車，而退卻賤用之以服糞車而糞田也。戎馬齊其力以備戰者，郊者二國相交之境，無道之世，寇敵日侵，郊外數戰，戎馬不得歸育于國廐，而生育于郊外也。糞下諸家並無車字，惟朱子語録所說有之，而人莫知其所本。今按張衡《東京賦》云「卻走馬以糞車」，是用老子全句，則後漢之末車字未闕。魏王弼註去衡未遠而已闕矣，蓋其初偶脫一字，後人承舛遂不知補。車郊叶韻，闕車字則無韻。", "authorNote": "吳澄此章注據《道藏》本；吳澄以此章自為其第三十八章；底本正文作「糞車」。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "却，退也。走马，善走之马；粪车，粪载之车。古者每甸六十四井皆出戎马充赋。有道之世，各守分地，不相侵战，故民间善马不以服戎车，而退却贱用之以服粪车而粪田也。戎马齐其力以备战者，郊者二国相交之境，无道之世，寇敌日侵，郊外数战，戎马不得归育于国廐，而生育于郊外也。粪下诸家并无车字，惟朱子语录所说有之，而人莫知其所本。今按张衡《东京赋》云「却走马以粪车」，是用老子全句，则后汉之末车字未阙。魏王弼注去衡未远而已阙矣，盖其初偶脱一字，后人承舛遂不知补。车郊叶韵，阙车字则无韵。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（吳澄此章注據《道藏》本；吳澄以此章自為其第三十八章；底本正文作「糞車」。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄此章注据《道藏》本；吴澄以此章自为其第三十八章；底本正文作「粪车」。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪车……戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲……常足", "kind": "note", "text": "罪、愆、惡、咎、禍皆災殃，而禍重於咎。兵端之起，其罪由於知土地之為可欲；知其可欲，務求得之，則貪奪矣，此災殃之始也。得之不知厭足，得隴望蜀，則戰爭無已時，此災殃之極也。儻以各有分地、不求廣闢為心，知自足之為足，則不貪奪戰爭而常自足矣。", "authorNote": "吳澄本「咎」句在「禍」句前，「常足」下無「矣」字。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》", "textSimp": "罪、愆、恶、咎、祸皆灾殃，而祸重于咎。兵端之起，其罪由于知土地之为可欲；知其可欲，务求得之，则贪夺矣，此灾殃之始也。得之不知厌足，得陇望蜀，则战争无已时，此灾殃之极也。傥以各有分地、不求广辟为心，知自足之为足，则不贪夺战争而常自足矣。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（吳澄本「咎」句在「禍」句前，「常足」下無「矣」字。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄本「咎」句在「祸」句前，「常足」下无「矣」字。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲……常足" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "天下有道……戎馬生於郊", "kind": "note", "text": "此承上清淨無為之益，甚言多欲有為之害，以誡人君當以知足自守也。謂上古之世，有道之君，清淨無欲，無為而化，故民安其生，樂其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇，所以家給人足，而無不足者。及世衰道微，聖人不作，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，嗜欲無厭，爭利不已，互相殺伐，故戎馬生於郊，以致民不聊生，奸欺並作。", "authorNote": "憨山此章解據公開轉錄本；此解整章通釋，今按文義分條。", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此承上清净无为之益，甚言多欲有为之害，以诫人君当以知足自守也。谓上古之世，有道之君，清净无欲，无为而化，故民安其生，乐其业，弃却走马而粪田畴，所以家给人足，而无不足者。及世衰道微，圣人不作，诸侯暴乱，各务富国强兵，嗜欲无厌，争利不已，互相杀伐，故戎马生于郊，以致民不聊生，奸欺并作。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（憨山此章解據公開轉錄本；此解整章通釋，今按文義分條。）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "憨山此章解据公开转录本；此解整章通释，今按文义分条。", "lemmaSimp": "天下有道……戎马生于郊" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲……常足", "kind": "note", "text": "此無他，是皆貪欲務得、不知止足之過也。故天下罪之大者，莫大於可欲，以其戕生傷性，敗亂彝倫，以至君臣父子皆失其分者，皆見可欲之罪也；以致敗國亡家、覆宗滅族之禍者，皆不知止足所致也。由不知足，故凡見他人之所有而必欲得之，然欲得之心，為眾罪大禍之本，故咎之大者莫大於欲得。欲得者，心不足也。古人云：若厭於心，何日而足。以貪得不止，終無足時。惟知足之足，無不足矣，故常足。", "authorNote": "底本正文作「常足」，無「矣」字。", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》", "textSimp": "此无他，是皆贪欲务得、不知止足之过也。故天下罪之大者，莫大于可欲，以其戕生伤性，败乱彝伦，以至君臣父子皆失其分者，皆见可欲之罪也；以致败国亡家、复宗灭族之祸者，皆不知止足所致也。由不知足，故凡见他人之所有而必欲得之，然欲得之心，为众罪大祸之本，故咎之大者莫大于欲得。欲得者，心不足也。古人云：若厌于心，何日而足。以贪得不止，终无足时。惟知足之足，无不足矣，故常足。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（底本正文作「常足」，無「矣」字。）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》", "authorNoteSimp": "底本正文作「常足」，无「矣」字。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲……常足" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "卻走馬以糞", "kind": "note", "text": "糞，傅奕作播，古字通。張衡《四京賦》「卻走馬以糞車」，張協《七命》亦用糞車，朱子及吳澄並稱之，謂車郊協韻；然《韓非子》《淮南子》《鹽鐵論》引此並無車字，河上、王弼諸本皆同，故仍其舊。", "authorNote": "魏源此章校記據《老子本義》下篇；魏源以此章為其第三十九章。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "粪，傅奕作播，古字通。张衡《四京赋》「却走马以粪车」，张协《七命》亦用粪车，朱子及吴澄并称之，谓车郊协韵；然《韩非子》《淮南子》《盐铁论》引此并无车字，河上、王弼诸本皆同，故仍其旧。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源此章校記據《老子本義》下篇；魏源以此章為其第三十九章。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源此章校记据《老子本义》下篇；魏源以此章为其第三十九章。", "lemmaSimp": "却走马以粪" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "罪莫大於可欲", "kind": "note", "text": "王弼本無「罪莫大」句。傅奕本「咎莫大」作「莫憯」。吳澄此句在「禍莫大」句之上。", "authorNote": "魏源此章校記，附於章末。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼本无「罪莫大」句。傅奕本「咎莫大」作「莫憯」。吴澄此句在「祸莫大」句之上。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源此章校記，附於章末。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源此章校记，附于章末。", "lemmaSimp": "罪莫大于可欲" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "司馬本無「之足」二字，又無「矣」字。《韓非子》作「知足之為足矣」。", "authorNote": "魏源此章校記，附於章末。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "司马本无「之足」二字，又无「矣」字。《韩非子》作「知足之为足矣」。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源此章校記，附於章末。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源此章校记，附于章末。", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足常足矣" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "故知足之足常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "李氏嘉謨曰：有道則能使兵為民，無道則能使民為兵。可欲者愛也，不知足者取也，欲得者有也。由愛生取，由取生有，遂為無窮之咎。觀不知足者雖足而不足，則知足之足常足也可知矣。", "authorNote": "魏源《老子本義》章末引李氏嘉謨說。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "李氏嘉谟曰：有道则能使兵为民，无道则能使民为兵。可欲者爱也，不知足者取也，欲得者有也。由爱生取，由取生有，遂为无穷之咎。观不知足者虽足而不足，则知足之足常足也可知矣。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（魏源《老子本義》章末引李氏嘉謨說。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源《老子本义》章末引李氏嘉谟说。", "lemmaSimp": "故知足之足常足矣" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "禍莫大於不知足……常足矣", "kind": "note", "text": "禍發於方寸，福隱於無名。一機之動如蟻穿，而萬殺之爭如河決。故有道者，不為福先，而天下無禍。豈強窒之哉？明於陰陽之亢害，而樂遊於大同之圃，安能以己之已知，犯物之必害者乎？", "authorNote": "王夫之此章衍文據公開轉錄本；底本正文無「罪莫大於可欲」句，「禍莫大於不知足」在「咎莫大於欲得」前。", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "祸发于方寸，福隐于无名。一机之动如蚁穿，而万杀之争如河决。故有道者，不为福先，而天下无祸。岂强窒之哉？明于阴阳之亢害，而乐游于大同之圃，安能以己之已知，犯物之必害者乎？", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（王夫之此章衍文據公開轉錄本；底本正文無「罪莫大於可欲」句，「禍莫大於不知足」在「咎莫大於欲得」前。）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》", "authorNoteSimp": "王夫之此章衍文据公开转录本；底本正文无「罪莫大于可欲」句，「祸莫大于不知足」在「咎莫大于欲得」前。", "lemmaSimp": "祸莫大于不知足……常足矣" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "有道", "charSimp": "有道", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "yǒu dào", "gloss": "指天下政治合於大道，人主有道。", "glossSimp": "指天下政治合于大道，人主有道。", "general": "河上公謂人主有道，兵甲不用；王弼謂知足知止、無求於外；成玄英謂有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓人主有道，兵甲不用；王弼谓知足知止、无求于外；成玄英谓有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c010", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c010", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 5, "end": 8, "char": "卻走馬", "charSimp": "却走马", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "què zǒu mǎ", "gloss": "退還善走的戰馬。卻，退也。", "glossSimp": "退还善走的战马。却，退也。", "general": "河上公謂卻走馬以治農田，吳澄謂退卻賤用以服糞車，魏源校「糞」字異文。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓却走马以治农田，吴澄谓退却贱用以服粪车，魏源校「粪」字异文。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c048", "c052" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c048", "c052" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 9, "end": 10, "char": "糞", "charSimp": "粪", "startSimp": 9, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "fèn", "gloss": "施肥治田。糞，糞田也。", "glossSimp": "施肥治田。粪，粪田也。", "general": "河上公謂糞者糞田，王弼謂治田糞，陸希聲謂糞田疇而播殖。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓粪者粪田，王弼谓治田粪，陆希声谓粪田畴而播殖。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c010", "c040" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c010", "c040" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 5, "end": 7, "char": "戎馬", "charSimp": "戎马", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "róng mǎ", "gloss": "軍馬、戰馬。", "glossSimp": "军马、战马。", "general": "河上公謂戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境；王弼謂貪欲無厭、各求於外；唐玄宗謂兵戎士馬寄生郊境。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓战伐不止，戎马生于郊境；王弼谓贪欲无厌、各求于外；唐玄宗谓兵戎士马寄生郊境。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c011", "c021" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c011", "c021" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 9, "end": 10, "char": "郊", "charSimp": "郊", "startSimp": 9, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "jiāo", "gloss": "城邑之外的郊境；一說二國相交之境。", "glossSimp": "城邑之外的郊境；一说二国相交之境。", "general": "成玄英謂郭外曰郊，唐玄宗謂郊者交也、交境拒守之地，吳澄謂二國相交之境。", "generalSimp": "成玄英谓郭外曰郊，唐玄宗谓郊者交也、交境拒守之地，吴澄谓二国相交之境。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c013", "c022", "c048" ], "refsSimp": [ "c013", "c022", "c048" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 1, "end": 4, "char": "莫大於", "charSimp": "莫大于", "startSimp": 1, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "mò dà yú", "gloss": "沒有比……更大。", "glossSimp": "没有比……更大。", "general": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御疏皆以「莫大」表禍咎之極，成玄英更校量禍重咎輕。", "generalSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御疏皆以「莫大」表祸咎之极，成玄英更校量祸重咎轻。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c028" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c028" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 1, "char": "禍", "charSimp": "祸", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 1, "pinyin": "huò", "gloss": "災禍、禍患。", "glossSimp": "灾祸、祸患。", "general": "河上公謂富貴不能自禁止，唐玄宗御疏謂求取不已、神不祐，嚴遵謂不知足者獵禍之具。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓富贵不能自禁止，唐玄宗御疏谓求取不已、神不祐，严遵谓不知足者猎祸之具。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c026", "c034" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c026", "c034" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 8, "end": 9, "char": "咎", "charSimp": "咎", "startSimp": 8, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "jiù", "gloss": "災咎、罪責。咎，考責也。", "glossSimp": "灾咎、罪责。咎，考责也。", "general": "河上公謂欲得人物、利且貪，成玄英謂咎為考責、禍重咎輕，唐玄宗御注謂欲必皆得則咎深。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓欲得人物、利且贪，成玄英谓咎为考责、祸重咎轻，唐玄宗御注谓欲必皆得则咎深。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c027" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c027" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 4, "end": 7, "char": "不知足", "charSimp": "不知足", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "bù zhī zú", "gloss": "不知滿足。", "glossSimp": "不知满足。", "general": "河上公謂富貴不能自禁，唐玄宗御注謂求取不已為禍，嚴遵謂不知足者獵禍之具。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓富贵不能自禁，唐玄宗御注谓求取不已为祸，严遵谓不知足者猎祸之具。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c025", "c034" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c025", "c034" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 12, "end": 14, "char": "欲得", "charSimp": "欲得", "startSimp": 12, "endSimp": 14, "pinyin": "yù dé", "gloss": "貪欲求得。", "glossSimp": "贪欲求得。", "general": "河上公謂欲得人物、利且貪，唐玄宗御疏謂已得而無厭足則咎甚於禍，憨山謂欲得之心為眾罪大禍之本。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓欲得人物、利且贪，唐玄宗御疏谓已得而无厌足则咎甚于祸，憨山谓欲得之心为众罪大祸之本。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c028", "c051" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c028", "c051" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 1, "end": 5, "char": "知足之足", "charSimp": "知足之足", "startSimp": 1, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "zhī zú zhī zú", "gloss": "以知足為足，即心足而非物足。", "glossSimp": "以知足为足，即心足而非物足。", "general": "河上公謂守真根，成玄英謂守分不貪、恒無闕少，唐玄宗謂心足乃知足，李榮謂動皆合道、事無不足。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓守真根，成玄英谓守分不贪、恒无阙少，唐玄宗谓心足乃知足，李荣谓动皆合道、事无不足。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c008", "c018", "c029", "c039" ], "refsSimp": [ "c008", "c018", "c029", "c039" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 6, "end": 8, "char": "常足", "charSimp": "常足", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "cháng zú", "gloss": "長久滿足。", "glossSimp": "长久满足。", "general": "河上公謂無欲心，成玄英謂知足之人恒居安泰，唐玄宗御疏謂循涯守分、雖少而多，憨山謂惟知足之足無不足。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓无欲心，成玄英谓知足之人恒居安泰，唐玄宗御疏谓循涯守分、虽少而多，憨山谓惟知足之足无不足。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c030", "c051" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c030", "c051" ] } ], "glossary": { "儉欲": "河上公本章章題。", "天下有道章": "《玄德纂疏》、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "有道": "指天下政治合於大道，人主有道。", "卻走馬": "退還善走的戰馬。卻，退也。", "走馬": "善走的馬。", "糞": "施肥治田。糞，糞田也。", "糞車": "裝運糞肥的車；吳澄據張衡《東京賦》「卻走馬以糞車」謂王弼本脫「車」字。", "戎馬": "軍馬、戰馬。", "郊": "城邑之外的郊境；一說二國相交之境。", "郊境": "郊外邊境。", "莫大於": "沒有比……更大。", "禍": "災禍、禍患。", "咎": "災咎、罪責。咎，考責也。", "不知足": "不知滿足。", "欲得": "貪欲求得。", "可欲": "可貪求的對象，指引起欲望的事物。", "知足之足": "以知足為足，即心足而非物足。", "常足": "長久滿足。", "三釁": "三種罪釁；成玄英指罪、禍、咎。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "王弼本無章題。河上公題「儉欲第四十六」；《玄德纂疏》卷十三、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「天下有道章第四十六」；吳澄以此章自為其第三十八章；魏源以此章為其第三十九章；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》", "textSimp": "王弼本无章题。河上公题「俭欲第四十六」；《玄德纂疏》卷十三、吕惠卿、苏辙题「天下有道章第四十六」；吴澄以此章自为其第三十八章；魏源以此章为其第三十九章；严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》、严遵《道德真经指归》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "罪莫大於可欲", "text": "王弼本、王夫之無此句，魏源校記亦云王弼本無「罪莫大」句；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山諸本有之。《玄德纂疏》所引御注御疏及李榮、成玄英並釋此句。本站正文從王弼本，此句見於校記與諸家注。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼本、王夫之无此句，魏源校记亦云王弼本无「罪莫大」句；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山诸本有之。《玄德纂疏》所引御注御疏及李荣、成玄英并释此句。本站正文从王弼本，此句见于校记与诸家注。", "headwordSimp": "罪莫大于可欲", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "卻走馬以糞", "text": "河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、憨山、王夫之作「糞」；吳澄作「糞車」，並引張衡《東京賦》為證；傅奕作「播」，據魏源校記；《韓非子》《淮南子》《鹽鐵論》引無「車」字，亦據魏源校記。本站從王弼本作「糞」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、憨山、王夫之作「粪」；吴澄作「粪车」，并引张衡《东京赋》为证；傅奕作「播」，据魏源校记；《韩非子》《淮南子》《盐铁论》引无「车」字，亦据魏源校记。本站从王弼本作「粪」。", "headwordSimp": "却走马以粪", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "text": "諸本次序多作「罪—禍—咎」；吳澄作「罪—咎—禍」，且「常足」下無「矣」字；傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」，據魏源校記；《玄德纂疏》所引李榮、成玄英及嚴遵引文件「咎莫甚於欲得」。本站從王弼本作「咎莫大於欲得」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "诸本次序多作「罪—祸—咎」；吴澄作「罪—咎—祸」，且「常足」下无「矣」字；傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」，据魏源校记；《玄德纂疏》所引李荣、成玄英及严遵引文件「咎莫甚于欲得」。本站从王弼本作「咎莫大于欲得」。", "headwordSimp": "祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "故知足之足，常足矣", "text": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、憨山作「故知足之足，常足矣」；嚴遵無「故」字；吳澄作「故知足之足，常足」；司馬本無「之足」二字又無「矣」字，《韓非子》作「知足之為足矣」，並據魏源校記。本站從王弼本。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、憨山作「故知足之足，常足矣」；严遵无「故」字；吴澄作「故知足之足，常足」；司马本无「之足」二字又无「矣」字，《韩非子》作「知足之为足矣」，并据魏源校记。本站从王弼本。", "headwordSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k005" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "出處與注數", "text": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引；王弼、嚴遵、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之據公開轉錄本。河上公九條、王弼二條、成玄英七條、唐玄宗御注御疏十二條、嚴遵五條、李榮四條、陸希聲三條、呂惠卿二條、蘇轍三條、吳澄二條、憨山二條、魏源四條、王夫之一條。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》（以上據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）、王弼《老子道德經注》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》、俞樾《諸子平議·老子平議》", "textSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引；王弼、严遵、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄据《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之据公开转录本。河上公九条、王弼二条、成玄英七条、唐玄宗御注御疏十二条、严遵五条、李荣四条、陆希声三条、吕惠卿二条、苏辙三条、吴澄二条、憨山二条、魏源四条、王夫之一条。俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "headwordSimp": "出处与注数", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》（以上据《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引）、王弼《老子道德经注》、严遵《道德真经指归》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》、俞樾《诸子平议·老子平议》", "id": "k006" } ], "glossarySimp": { "俭欲": "河上公本章章题。", "天下有道章": "《玄德纂疏》、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "有道": "指天下政治合于大道，人主有道。", "却走马": "退还善走的战马。却，退也。", "走马": "善走的马。", "粪": "施肥治田。粪，粪田也。", "粪车": "装运粪肥的车；吴澄据张衡《东京赋》「却走马以粪车」谓王弼本脱「车」字。", "戎马": "军马、战马。", "郊": "城邑之外的郊境；一说二国相交之境。", "郊境": "郊外边境。", "莫大于": "没有比……更大。", "祸": "灾祸、祸患。", "咎": "灾咎、罪责。咎，考责也。", "不知足": "不知满足。", "欲得": "贪欲求得。", "可欲": "可贪求的对象，指引起欲望的事物。", "知足之足": "以知足为足，即心足而非物足。", "常足": "长久满足。", "三衅": "三种罪衅；成玄英指罪、祸、咎。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "有道", "headwordSimp": "有道", "pinyin": "yǒu dào", "gloss": "指天下政治合於大道，人主有道。", "glossSimp": "指天下政治合于大道，人主有道。", "general": "河上公謂人主有道，兵甲不用；王弼謂知足知止、無求於外；成玄英謂有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓人主有道，兵甲不用；王弼谓知足知止、无求于外；成玄英谓有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c010", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c010", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "有道", "formSimp": "有道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "卻走馬", "headwordSimp": "却走马", "pinyin": "què zǒu mǎ", "gloss": "退還善走的戰馬。卻，退也。", "glossSimp": "退还善走的战马。却，退也。", "general": "河上公謂卻走馬以治農田，吳澄謂退卻賤用以服糞車，魏源校「糞」字異文。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓却走马以治农田，吴澄谓退却贱用以服粪车，魏源校「粪」字异文。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c048", "c052" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c048", "c052" ], "forms": [ { "form": "卻走馬", "formSimp": "却走马", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "糞", "headwordSimp": "粪", "pinyin": "fèn", "gloss": "施肥治田。糞，糞田也。", "glossSimp": "施肥治田。粪，粪田也。", "general": "河上公謂糞者糞田，王弼謂治田糞，陸希聲謂糞田疇而播殖。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓粪者粪田，王弼谓治田粪，陆希声谓粪田畴而播殖。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c010", "c040" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c010", "c040" ], "forms": [ { "form": "糞", "formSimp": "粪", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "戎馬", "headwordSimp": "戎马", "pinyin": "róng mǎ", "gloss": "軍馬、戰馬。", "glossSimp": "军马、战马。", "general": "河上公謂戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境；王弼謂貪欲無厭、各求於外；唐玄宗謂兵戎士馬寄生郊境。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓战伐不止，戎马生于郊境；王弼谓贪欲无厌、各求于外；唐玄宗谓兵戎士马寄生郊境。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c011", "c021" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c011", "c021" ], "forms": [ { "form": "戎馬", "formSimp": "戎马", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "郊", "headwordSimp": "郊", "pinyin": "jiāo", "gloss": "城邑之外的郊境；一說二國相交之境。", "glossSimp": "城邑之外的郊境；一说二国相交之境。", "general": "成玄英謂郭外曰郊，唐玄宗謂郊者交也、交境拒守之地，吳澄謂二國相交之境。", "generalSimp": "成玄英谓郭外曰郊，唐玄宗谓郊者交也、交境拒守之地，吴澄谓二国相交之境。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c013", "c022", "c048" ], "refsSimp": [ "c013", "c022", "c048" ], "forms": [ { "form": "郊", "formSimp": "郊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "莫大於", "headwordSimp": "莫大于", "pinyin": "mò dà yú", "gloss": "沒有比……更大。", "glossSimp": "没有比……更大。", "general": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御疏皆以「莫大」表禍咎之極，成玄英更校量禍重咎輕。", "generalSimp": "河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御疏皆以「莫大」表祸咎之极，成玄英更校量祸重咎轻。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c028" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c028" ], "forms": [ { "form": "莫大於", "formSimp": "莫大于", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "禍", "headwordSimp": "祸", "pinyin": "huò", "gloss": "災禍、禍患。", "glossSimp": "灾祸、祸患。", "general": "河上公謂富貴不能自禁止，唐玄宗御疏謂求取不已、神不祐，嚴遵謂不知足者獵禍之具。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓富贵不能自禁止，唐玄宗御疏谓求取不已、神不祐，严遵谓不知足者猎祸之具。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c026", "c034" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c026", "c034" ], "forms": [ { "form": "禍", "formSimp": "祸", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "咎", "headwordSimp": "咎", "pinyin": "jiù", "gloss": "災咎、罪責。咎，考責也。", "glossSimp": "灾咎、罪责。咎，考责也。", "general": "河上公謂欲得人物、利且貪，成玄英謂咎為考責、禍重咎輕，唐玄宗御注謂欲必皆得則咎深。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓欲得人物、利且贪，成玄英谓咎为考责、祸重咎轻，唐玄宗御注谓欲必皆得则咎深。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c027" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c027" ], "forms": [ { "form": "咎", "formSimp": "咎", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "不知足", "headwordSimp": "不知足", "pinyin": "bù zhī zú", "gloss": "不知滿足。", "glossSimp": "不知满足。", "general": "河上公謂富貴不能自禁，唐玄宗御注謂求取不已為禍，嚴遵謂不知足者獵禍之具。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓富贵不能自禁，唐玄宗御注谓求取不已为祸，严遵谓不知足者猎祸之具。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c025", "c034" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c025", "c034" ], "forms": [ { "form": "不知足", "formSimp": "不知足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "欲得", "headwordSimp": "欲得", "pinyin": "yù dé", "gloss": "貪欲求得。", "glossSimp": "贪欲求得。", "general": "河上公謂欲得人物、利且貪，唐玄宗御疏謂已得而無厭足則咎甚於禍，憨山謂欲得之心為眾罪大禍之本。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓欲得人物、利且贪，唐玄宗御疏谓已得而无厌足则咎甚于祸，憨山谓欲得之心为众罪大祸之本。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c028", "c051" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c028", "c051" ], "forms": [ { "form": "欲得", "formSimp": "欲得", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "知足之足", "headwordSimp": "知足之足", "pinyin": "zhī zú zhī zú", "gloss": "以知足為足，即心足而非物足。", "glossSimp": "以知足为足，即心足而非物足。", "general": "河上公謂守真根，成玄英謂守分不貪、恒無闕少，唐玄宗謂心足乃知足，李榮謂動皆合道、事無不足。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓守真根，成玄英谓守分不贪、恒无阙少，唐玄宗谓心足乃知足，李荣谓动皆合道、事无不足。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c008", "c018", "c029", "c039" ], "refsSimp": [ "c008", "c018", "c029", "c039" ], "forms": [ { "form": "知足之足", "formSimp": "知足之足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "常足", "headwordSimp": "常足", "pinyin": "cháng zú", "gloss": "長久滿足。", "glossSimp": "长久满足。", "general": "河上公謂無欲心，成玄英謂知足之人恒居安泰，唐玄宗御疏謂循涯守分、雖少而多，憨山謂惟知足之足無不足。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓无欲心，成玄英谓知足之人恒居安泰，唐玄宗御疏谓循涯守分、虽少而多，憨山谓惟知足之足无不足。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c030", "c051" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c030", "c051" ], "forms": [ { "form": "常足", "formSimp": "常足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 13, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "儉欲", "headwordSimp": "俭欲", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "儉欲", "formSimp": "俭欲", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 14, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "天下有道章", "headwordSimp": "天下有道章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "《玄德纂疏》、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "glossSimp": "《玄德纂疏》、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天下有道章", "formSimp": "天下有道章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 15, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "有道", "headwordSimp": "有道", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "指天下政治合於大道，人主有道。", "glossSimp": "指天下政治合于大道，人主有道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "有道", "formSimp": "有道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "卻走馬", "headwordSimp": "却走马", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "退還善走的戰馬。卻，退也。", "glossSimp": "退还善走的战马。却，退也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "卻走馬", "formSimp": "却走马", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "走馬", "headwordSimp": "走马", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "善走的馬。", "glossSimp": "善走的马。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "走馬", "formSimp": "走马", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "糞", "headwordSimp": "粪", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "施肥治田。糞，糞田也。", "glossSimp": "施肥治田。粪，粪田也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "糞", "formSimp": "粪", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "糞車", "headwordSimp": "粪车", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "裝運糞肥的車；吳澄據張衡《東京賦》「卻走馬以糞車」謂王弼本脫「車」字。", "glossSimp": "装运粪肥的车；吴澄据张衡《东京赋》「却走马以粪车」谓王弼本脱「车」字。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "糞車", "formSimp": "粪车", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "戎馬", "headwordSimp": "戎马", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "軍馬、戰馬。", "glossSimp": "军马、战马。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "戎馬", "formSimp": "戎马", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "郊", "headwordSimp": "郊", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "城邑之外的郊境；一說二國相交之境。", "glossSimp": "城邑之外的郊境；一说二国相交之境。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "郊", "formSimp": "郊", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "郊境", "headwordSimp": "郊境", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "郊外邊境。", "glossSimp": "郊外边境。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "郊境", "formSimp": "郊境", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "莫大於", "headwordSimp": "莫大于", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "沒有比……更大。", "glossSimp": "没有比……更大。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "莫大於", "formSimp": "莫大于", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "禍", "headwordSimp": "祸", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "災禍、禍患。", "glossSimp": "灾祸、祸患。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "禍", "formSimp": "祸", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "咎", "headwordSimp": "咎", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "災咎、罪責。咎，考責也。", "glossSimp": "灾咎、罪责。咎，考责也。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "咎", "formSimp": "咎", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "不知足", "headwordSimp": "不知足", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不知滿足。", "glossSimp": "不知满足。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不知足", "formSimp": "不知足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "欲得", "headwordSimp": "欲得", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "貪欲求得。", "glossSimp": "贪欲求得。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "欲得", "formSimp": "欲得", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "可欲", "headwordSimp": "可欲", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "可貪求的對象，指引起欲望的事物。", "glossSimp": "可贪求的对象，指引起欲望的事物。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "可欲", "formSimp": "可欲", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g017", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "知足之足", "headwordSimp": "知足之足", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "以知足為足，即心足而非物足。", "glossSimp": "以知足为足，即心足而非物足。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "知足之足", "formSimp": "知足之足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 30, "id": "g018", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "常足", "headwordSimp": "常足", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "長久滿足。", "glossSimp": "长久满足。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "常足", "formSimp": "常足", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 31, "id": "g019", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "三釁", "headwordSimp": "三衅", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "三種罪釁；成玄英指罪、禍、咎。", "glossSimp": "三种罪衅；成玄英指罪、祸、咎。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "三釁", "formSimp": "三衅", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第四十六章四句的十三家對照，為德經第九章。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十三所引；王弼、嚴遵、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之據公開轉錄本；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，王夫之亦然，河上公以下十家多有其文，本站正文從王弼本，諸家注此句者附於「禍莫大於不知足」句下。河上公、王弼、成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮、吳澄逐句或分段分疏；陸希聲、呂惠卿、憨山各以整章一段通釋，本站按文義分條；蘇轍分三段，魏源以校記、王夫之以整章衍文。有道則卻走馬以糞，有治國、治身、校勘諸解；無道則戎馬生於郊，有貪境土、禽荒色荒、心無道諸解；罪禍咎則歸於可欲、不知足、欲得，有禍重咎輕、三釁、三惡諸說；終以知足之足常足，有心足非物足、守分不貪、所遇而足諸解。章次則有吳澄以此章為其第三十八章、魏源以此章為其第三十九章之異。", "concepts": [ { "id": "tian-xia-you-dao", "name": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "nameTrad": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞", "question": "天下有道，為什麼要「卻走馬以糞」？諸家如何從治國、治身與校勘說明這一句？", "questionTrad": "天下有道，為什麼要「卻走馬以糞」？諸家如何從治國、治身與校勘說明這一句？", "intro": "河上公以人主有道，兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田，治身者則卻陽精以糞其身。王弼以知足知止、無求於外、各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心。唐玄宗御注以無為化行、既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝。嚴遵以世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作。李榮以君上有道除奔命之馬，臣下無為糞乘田之業，修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文。陸希聲以有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖。呂惠卿以民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞。蘇轍以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田。吳澄以卻為退，走馬為善走之馬，糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「糞車」之車字。憨山以上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇。魏源校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵無車字，故仍其舊。王夫之以有道者不為福先而天下無禍。諸家或就治國、或就治身、或就校勘，大旨皆以有道之世不用兵馬、歸於耕桑為說。", "introTrad": "河上公以人主有道，兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田，治身者則卻陽精以糞其身。王弼以知足知止、無求於外、各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心。唐玄宗御注以無為化行、既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝。嚴遵以世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作。李榮以君上有道除奔命之馬，臣下無為糞乘田之業，修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文。陸希聲以有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖。呂惠卿以民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞。蘇轍以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田。吳澄以卻為退，走馬為善走之馬，糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「糞車」之車字。憨山以上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇。魏源校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵無車字，故仍其舊。王夫之以有道者不為福先而天下無禍。諸家或就治國、或就治身、或就校勘，大旨皆以有道之世不用兵馬、歸於耕桑為說。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "人主有道，兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田；治身者卻陽精以糞其身。", "thesisTrad": "人主有道，兵甲不用，卻走馬以治農田；治身者卻陽精以糞其身。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "人主有道，兵甲不用，却走马以治农田；治身者却阳精以粪其身。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知足知止，無求於外，各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞。", "thesisTrad": "知足知止，無求於外，各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知足知止，无求于外，各修其内，故却走马以治田粪。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "有道之君偃武修文，卻馳走之馬以糞農畝；治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心。", "thesisTrad": "有道之君偃武修文，卻馳走之馬以糞農畝；治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心。", "noteIds": [ "c012", "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "有道之君偃武修文，却驰走之马以粪农亩；治身者却六根兵马以道粪心。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "無為化行，既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；守在四夷，疆場無事。", "thesisTrad": "無為化行，既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；守在四夷，疆場無事。", "noteIds": [ "c019", "c020" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "无为化行，既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；守在四夷，疆场无事。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作。", "thesisTrad": "世主得道，宇內不擾，兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作。", "noteIds": [ "c031" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "世主得道，宇内不扰，兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "君上有道除奔命之馬，臣下無為糞乘田之業；修真務學各糞其身心。", "thesisTrad": "君上有道除奔命之馬，臣下無為糞乘田之業；修真務學各糞其身心。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "君上有道除奔命之马，臣下无为粪乘田之业；修真务学各粪其身心。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖。", "thesisTrad": "有道之世守在四夷、鄰國，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "有道之世守在四夷、邻国，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞。", "thesisTrad": "民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "民之智能已于耕食之间，盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田。", "thesisTrad": "天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "卻，退也；走馬，善走之馬；糞車，糞載之車。善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「車」字。", "thesisTrad": "卻，退也；走馬，善走之馬；糞車，糞載之車。善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「車」字。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "却，退也；走马，善走之马；粪车，粪载之车。善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田，并考「车」字。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇。", "thesisTrad": "上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇。", "noteIds": [ "c050" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "上古有道之君清净无欲，民安其业，弃却走马而粪田畴。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校「糞」字：傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵無車字，故仍其舊。", "thesisTrad": "校「糞」字：傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵無車字，故仍其舊。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校「粪」字：傅奕作播，张衡、张协用粪车，韩非、淮南、盐铁无车字，故仍其旧。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "有道者不為福先，而天下無禍；明於陰陽之亢害，樂遊大同之圃。", "thesisTrad": "有道者不為福先，而天下無禍；明於陰陽之亢害，樂遊大同之圃。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "有道者不为福先，而天下无祸；明于阴阳之亢害，乐游大同之圃。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以人主有道立義，兵甲不用而馬歸農田。", "textTrad": "河上公以人主有道立義，兵甲不用而馬歸農田。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以人主有道立义，兵甲不用而马归农田。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以知足知止、各修其內，補出「有道」的心性根據。", "textTrad": "王弼以知足知止、各修其內，補出「有道」的心性根據。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以知足知止、各修其内，补出「有道」的心性根据。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以偃武修文、宇內清夷，將卻馬落在治國。", "textTrad": "成玄英以偃武修文、宇內清夷，將卻馬落在治國。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以偃武修文、宇内清夷，将却马落在治国。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英又就治身，以六根兵馬喻心，卻馬即卻六根。", "textTrad": "成玄英又就治身，以六根兵馬喻心，卻馬即卻六根。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英又就治身，以六根兵马喻心，却马即却六根。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以守在四夷、疆場無事，說明不必多貪土地。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以守在四夷、疆場無事，說明不必多貪土地。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以守在四夷、疆场无事，说明不必多贪土地。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以兵革不起、騏驥嬰輿而作，描繪有道之世的氣象。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以兵革不起、騏驥嬰輿而作，描繪有道之世的氣象。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以兵革不起、骐骥婴舆而作，描绘有道之世的气象。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮分君上、臣下、修真、務學四層，推廣「糞」義。", "textTrad": "李榮分君上、臣下、修真、務學四層，推廣「糞」義。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣分君上、臣下、修真、务学四层，推广「粪」义。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以百姓復農桑、糞田疇而播殖，落在民生。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以百姓復農桑、糞田疇而播殖，落在民生。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以百姓复农桑、粪田畴而播殖，落在民生。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以各安其分則不爭而自治，指出不爭是卻馬之本。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以各安其分則不爭而自治，指出不爭是卻馬之本。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以各安其分则不争而自治，指出不争是却马之本。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄考「糞車」車字，以車郊叶韻證王弼本脫字。", "textTrad": "吳澄考「糞車」車字，以車郊叶韻證王弼本脫字。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄考「粪车」车字，以车郊叶韵证王弼本脱字。" }, { "noteId": "c052", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源錄傅奕「播」及張衡、張協「糞車」異文，仍從河上、王弼。", "textTrad": "魏源錄傅奕「播」及張衡、張協「糞車」異文，仍從河上、王弼。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源录傅奕「播」及张衡、张协「粪车」异文，仍从河上、王弼。" } ], "nameSimp": "天下有道，却走马以粪", "questionSimp": "天下有道，为什么要「却走马以粪」？诸家如何从治国、治身与校勘说明这一句？", "introSimp": "河上公以人主有道，兵甲不用，却走马以治农田，治身者则却阳精以粪其身。王弼以知足知止、无求于外、各修其内，故却走马以治田粪。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷，故却驰走之马以粪农亩，治身者却六根兵马以道粪心。唐玄宗御注以无为化行、既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；御疏以守在四夷、疆场无事，人得俶载南亩。严遵以世主得道，宇内不扰，兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作。李荣以君上有道除奔命之马，臣下无为粪乘田之业，修真者去驰骋之浮情、粪身神以道德，务学者绝飘荡之懈惰、粪心灵以艺文。陆希声以有道之世守在四夷、邻国，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖。吕惠卿以民之智能已于耕食之间，盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪。苏辙以天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田。吴澄以却为退，走马为善走之马，粪车为粪载之车，有道之世各守分地，善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田，并考「粪车」之车字。憨山以上古有道之君清净无欲，民安其业，弃却走马而粪田畴。魏源校「粪」字，傅奕作播，张衡、张协用粪车，韩非、淮南、盐铁无车字，故仍其旧。王夫之以有道者不为福先而天下无祸。诸家或就治国、或就治身、或就校勘，大旨皆以有道之世不用兵马、归于耕桑为说。" }, { "id": "rong-ma-sheng-yu-jiao", "name": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "nameTrad": "天下無道，戎馬生於郊", "question": "天下無道，為什麼會「戎馬生於郊」？諸家如何說明兵馬生於郊境的原因？", "questionTrad": "天下無道，為什麼會「戎馬生於郊」？諸家如何說明兵馬生於郊境的原因？", "intro": "河上公以人主無道，戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還。王弼以貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。成玄英以無道之人禽荒色荒、四方不靜、多貪境土、好行征伐，遂使軍戎兵馬出生郊外；又就治身，謂躁競之夫心不懷道，縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境。唐玄宗御注以無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；御疏以郊為交境拒守之地，荒塞有不賓之虜，久而不還。嚴遵以天子失道、諸侯不朝、四方背叛，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還。李榮以不用道而修文、專飾兵而用武，四郊多壘，五兵斯起；又謂理不內明、心王無道，馳六識之馬。陸希聲以無道之時天子外攘四夷、諸侯外侵鄰國，兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊。呂惠卿以見可欲為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定。蘇轍以侯王為是，則戎馬之所自起。吳澄以郊為二國相交之境，寇敵日侵，戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外。憨山以世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，互相殺伐。魏源、王夫之此句無專說。諸家或就治國、或就治身，大旨皆以無道則兵爭不息、馬不得歸為說。", "introTrad": "河上公以人主無道，戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還。王弼以貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。成玄英以無道之人禽荒色荒、四方不靜、多貪境土、好行征伐，遂使軍戎兵馬出生郊外；又就治身，謂躁競之夫心不懷道，縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境。唐玄宗御注以無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；御疏以郊為交境拒守之地，荒塞有不賓之虜，久而不還。嚴遵以天子失道、諸侯不朝、四方背叛，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還。李榮以不用道而修文、專飾兵而用武，四郊多壘，五兵斯起；又謂理不內明、心王無道，馳六識之馬。陸希聲以無道之時天子外攘四夷、諸侯外侵鄰國，兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊。呂惠卿以見可欲為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定。蘇轍以侯王為是，則戎馬之所自起。吳澄以郊為二國相交之境，寇敵日侵，戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外。憨山以世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，互相殺伐。魏源、王夫之此句無專說。諸家或就治國、或就治身，大旨皆以無道則兵爭不息、馬不得歸為說。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "人主無道，戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還。", "thesisTrad": "人主無道，戰伐不止，戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c004" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "人主无道，战伐不止，戎马生于郊境之上，久不还。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "貪欲無厭，不修其內，各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。", "thesisTrad": "貪欲無厭，不修其內，各求於外，故戎馬生於郊。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "贪欲无厌，不修其内，各求于外，故戎马生于郊。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "禽荒色荒、多貪境土、好行征伐，軍戎兵馬出生郊外；治身者六根兵馬馳騁塵境。", "thesisTrad": "禽荒色荒、多貪境土、好行征伐，軍戎兵馬出生郊外；治身者六根兵馬馳騁塵境。", "noteIds": [ "c013", "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "禽荒色荒、多贪境土、好行征伐，军戎兵马出生郊外；治身者六根兵马驰骋尘境。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還。", "thesisTrad": "無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還。", "noteIds": [ "c021", "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不还。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "天子失道，諸侯不朝，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還。", "thesisTrad": "天子失道，諸侯不朝，輕車梟騎，士馬生郊，歷年不還。", "noteIds": [ "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "天子失道，诸侯不朝，轻车枭骑，士马生郊，历年不还。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "不用道而修文，專飾兵而用武，四郊多壘，五兵斯起；心王無道，馳六識之馬。", "thesisTrad": "不用道而修文，專飾兵而用武，四郊多壘，五兵斯起；心王無道，馳六識之馬。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "不用道而修文，专饰兵而用武，四郊多垒，五兵斯起；心王无道，驰六识之马。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "無道之時，兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君。", "thesisTrad": "無道之時，兵甲動於境內，戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君。", "noteIds": [ "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "无道之时，兵甲动于境内，戎马驰于四郊，民去其乡而叛其君。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定。", "thesisTrad": "見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "侯王為是，則戎馬之所自起。", "thesisTrad": "侯王為是，則戎馬之所自起。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "侯王为是，则戎马之所自起。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "郊者二國相交之境，寇敵日侵，戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外。", "thesisTrad": "郊者二國相交之境，寇敵日侵，戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "郊者二国相交之境，寇敌日侵，戎马不得归育国廐而生育郊外。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，互相殺伐，故戎馬生於郊。", "thesisTrad": "世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，各務富國強兵，互相殺伐，故戎馬生於郊。", "noteIds": [ "c050" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，各务富国强兵，互相杀伐，故戎马生于郊。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以人主無道、戰伐不止立義，戎馬生於郊境。", "textTrad": "河上公以人主無道、戰伐不止立義，戎馬生於郊境。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以人主无道、战伐不止立义，戎马生于郊境。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以貪欲無厭、各求於外，說明戎馬生郊的內因。", "textTrad": "王弼以貪欲無厭、各求於外，說明戎馬生郊的內因。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以贪欲无厌、各求于外，说明戎马生郊的内因。" }, { "noteId": "c013", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以禽荒色荒、多貪境土，指出無道的具體表現。", "textTrad": "成玄英以禽荒色荒、多貪境土，指出無道的具體表現。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以禽荒色荒、多贪境土，指出无道的具体表现。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英轉入治身，以六根兵馬馳騁塵境解生郊。", "textTrad": "成玄英轉入治身，以六根兵馬馳騁塵境解生郊。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英转入治身，以六根兵马驰骋尘境解生郊。" }, { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以郊為交境拒守之地，久而不還，坐實「生於郊」。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以郊為交境拒守之地，久而不還，坐實「生於郊」。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以郊为交境拒守之地，久而不还，坐实「生于郊」。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以諸侯不朝、輕車梟騎、歷年不還，鋪陳無道之禍。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以諸侯不朝、輕車梟騎、歷年不還，鋪陳無道之禍。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以诸侯不朝、轻车枭骑、历年不还，铺陈无道之祸。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以四郊多壘、五兵斯起，又稱心王無道、六識奔走。", "textTrad": "李榮以四郊多壘、五兵斯起，又稱心王無道、六識奔走。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以四郊多垒、五兵斯起，又称心王无道、六识奔走。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以兵甲動於境內、戎馬馳於四郊，兼及民失本業。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以兵甲動於境內、戎馬馳於四郊，兼及民失本業。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以兵甲动于境内、戎马驰于四郊，兼及民失本业。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以可欲為造兵之本，封疆之界不能定。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以可欲為造兵之本，封疆之界不能定。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以可欲为造兵之本，封疆之界不能定。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以侯王為是則戎馬所自起，將責任歸於上位。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以侯王為是則戎馬所自起，將責任歸於上位。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以侯王为是则戎马所自起，将责任归于上位。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外，解「生」字。", "textTrad": "吳澄以戎馬不得歸育國廐而生育郊外，解「生」字。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以戎马不得归育国廐而生育郊外，解「生」字。" } ], "nameSimp": "天下无道，戎马生于郊", "questionSimp": "天下无道，为什么会「戎马生于郊」？诸家如何说明兵马生于郊境的原因？", "introSimp": "河上公以人主无道，战伐不止，戎马生于郊境之上，久不还。王弼以贪欲无厌、不修其内、各求于外，故戎马生于郊。成玄英以无道之人禽荒色荒、四方不静、多贪境土、好行征伐，遂使军戎兵马出生郊外；又就治身，谓躁竞之夫心不怀道，纵六根兵马驰骋尘境。唐玄宗御注以无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境；御疏以郊为交境拒守之地，荒塞有不宾之虏，久而不还。严遵以天子失道、诸侯不朝、四方背叛，轻车枭骑，士马生郊，历年不还。李荣以不用道而修文、专饰兵而用武，四郊多垒，五兵斯起；又谓理不内明、心王无道，驰六识之马。陆希声以无道之时天子外攘四夷、诸侯外侵邻国，兵甲动于境内，戎马驰于四郊。吕惠卿以见可欲为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定。苏辙以侯王为是，则戎马之所自起。吴澄以郊为二国相交之境，寇敌日侵，戎马不得归育国廐而生育郊外。憨山以世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，各务富国强兵，互相杀伐。魏源、王夫之此句无专说。诸家或就治国、或就治身，大旨皆以无道则兵争不息、马不得归为说。" }, { "id": "huo-mo-da-yu-bu-zhi-zu", "name": "禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "nameTrad": "禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得", "question": "罪、禍、咎三者，為什麼都歸於可欲、不知足與欲得？", "questionTrad": "罪、禍、咎三者，為什麼都歸於可欲、不知足與欲得？", "intro": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，富貴不能自禁解不知足，欲得人物、利且貪解欲得。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，其注亦不及此，然「貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外」正是禍咎之根。成玄英以罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心，是起罪之緣；禍即罪之深重，非唯災及一身，亦乃禍延三族；咎為考責，校量深淺，禍重咎輕，故其彰三釁。唐玄宗御注以心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；御疏以貪求土地、見可欲而欲心興動解罪，以求而無厭、神道不祐解禍，以已得而無厭足解咎，並謂咎甚於禍。嚴遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，將罪歸於在上者；不知足者為獵禍之具、危亡之大數，利心常起、兼並不休為得咎之至要。李榮分罪禍咎為罰止一身、下及子孫、上誤祖先三層。陸希聲以三惡統攝：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。呂惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵爭不已。蘇轍以可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王為是則戎馬所自起。吳澄以罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，貪奪戰爭有始與極。憨山以貪欲務得、不知止足總收三者，欲得之心為眾罪大禍之本。魏源校王弼本無罪句，並錄傅奕「莫憯」、吳澄句序之異。王夫之以禍發於方寸、福隱於無名，有道者不為福先而天下無禍。諸家或分輕重、或論因果，大旨皆以欲得為禍咎之端。", "introTrad": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，富貴不能自禁解不知足，欲得人物、利且貪解欲得。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，其注亦不及此，然「貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外」正是禍咎之根。成玄英以罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心，是起罪之緣；禍即罪之深重，非唯災及一身，亦乃禍延三族；咎為考責，校量深淺，禍重咎輕，故其彰三釁。唐玄宗御注以心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；御疏以貪求土地、見可欲而欲心興動解罪，以求而無厭、神道不祐解禍，以已得而無厭足解咎，並謂咎甚於禍。嚴遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，將罪歸於在上者；不知足者為獵禍之具、危亡之大數，利心常起、兼並不休為得咎之至要。李榮分罪禍咎為罰止一身、下及子孫、上誤祖先三層。陸希聲以三惡統攝：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。呂惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵爭不已。蘇轍以可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王為是則戎馬所自起。吳澄以罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，貪奪戰爭有始與極。憨山以貪欲務得、不知止足總收三者，欲得之心為眾罪大禍之本。魏源校王弼本無罪句，並錄傅奕「莫憯」、吳澄句序之異。王夫之以禍發於方寸、福隱於無名，有道者不為福先而天下無禍。諸家或分輕重、或論因果，大旨皆以欲得為禍咎之端。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "好淫色為罪，富貴不能自禁為禍，欲得人物、利且貪為咎。", "thesisTrad": "好淫色為罪，富貴不能自禁為禍，欲得人物、利且貪為咎。", "noteIds": [ "c005", "c006", "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "好淫色为罪，富贵不能自禁为祸，欲得人物、利且贪为咎。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "王弼本無罪句；貪欲無厭、各求於外，正是禍咎之根。", "thesisTrad": "王弼本無罪句；貪欲無厭、各求於外，正是禍咎之根。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "王弼本无罪句；贪欲无厌、各求于外，正是祸咎之根。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心；禍延三族；咎為考責，禍重咎輕。", "thesisTrad": "罪為苦所摧逼，境能逼心；禍延三族；咎為考責，禍重咎輕。", "noteIds": [ "c015", "c016", "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "罪为苦所摧逼，境能逼心；祸延三族；咎为考责，祸重咎轻。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；咎甚於禍。", "thesisTrad": "心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；咎甚於禍。", "noteIds": [ "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "心见可欲为罪大，求取不已为祸大，欲必皆得则咎深；咎甚于祸。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "可欲之故非天下之罪；不知足者獵禍之具；利心常起為得咎之至要。", "thesisTrad": "可欲之故非天下之罪；不知足者獵禍之具；利心常起為得咎之至要。", "noteIds": [ "c033", "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "可欲之故非天下之罪；不知足者猎祸之具；利心常起为得咎之至要。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "罰止一身為罪，下及子孫為禍，上誤祖先為咎。", "thesisTrad": "罰止一身為罪，下及子孫為禍，上誤祖先為咎。", "noteIds": [ "c038" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "罚止一身为罪，下及子孙为祸，上误祖先为咎。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。", "thesisTrad": "其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。", "noteIds": [ "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "其恶有三：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招。", "thesisTrad": "罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "罪由可欲，不知足则虽有余而不止，欲得则怨咎之招。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "可欲示人固有罪，不足其足禍又甚，所欲必得咎最大。", "thesisTrad": "可欲示人固有罪，不足其足禍又甚，所欲必得咎最大。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "可欲示人固有罪，不足其足祸又甚，所欲必得咎最大。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎；貪奪戰爭有始與極。", "thesisTrad": "罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎；貪奪戰爭有始與極。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎；贪夺战争有始与极。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，皆貪欲務得之過。", "thesisTrad": "罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，皆貪欲務得之過。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，皆贪欲务得之过。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "王弼本無罪句；傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」，吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前。", "thesisTrad": "王弼本無罪句；傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」，吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "王弼本无罪句；傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」，吴澄句序在「祸莫大」前。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "禍發於方寸，福隱於無名；有道者不為福先，而天下無禍。", "thesisTrad": "禍發於方寸，福隱於無名；有道者不為福先，而天下無禍。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "祸发于方寸，福隐于无名；有道者不为福先，而天下无祸。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，先立罪源。", "textTrad": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，先立罪源。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，先立罪源。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼雖無罪句，其「貪欲無厭」正是禍咎之根。", "textTrad": "王弼雖無罪句，其「貪欲無厭」正是禍咎之根。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼虽无罪句，其「贪欲无厌」正是祸咎之根。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以境能逼心、起罪之緣，將可欲外化為境。", "textTrad": "成玄英以境能逼心、起罪之緣，將可欲外化為境。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以境能逼心、起罪之缘，将可欲外化为境。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英較量深淺，謂禍重咎輕，三釁由此彰顯。", "textTrad": "成玄英較量深淺，謂禍重咎輕，三釁由此彰顯。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英较量深浅，谓祸重咎轻，三衅由此彰显。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以心見可欲為罪大，將罪收歸一心。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以心見可欲為罪大，將罪收歸一心。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以心见可欲为罪大，将罪收归一心。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以貪求無厭、神道不祐解禍。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以貪求無厭、神道不祐解禍。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以贪求无厌、神道不祐解祸。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以已得而無厭足解咎，咎甚於禍。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以已得而無厭足解咎，咎甚於禍。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以已得而无厌足解咎，咎甚于祸。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，將罪歸於在上者。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，將罪歸於在上者。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，将罪归于在上者。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以不知足為獵禍之具、利心為得咎之要。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以不知足為獵禍之具、利心為得咎之要。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以不知足为猎祸之具、利心为得咎之要。" }, { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮分罪禍咎為罰身、及子孫、誤祖先三層。", "textTrad": "李榮分罪禍咎為罰身、及子孫、誤祖先三層。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣分罪祸咎为罚身、及子孙、误祖先三层。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以三惡統攝，罪、禍、咎依次加深。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以三惡統攝，罪、禍、咎依次加深。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以三恶统摄，罪、祸、咎依次加深。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵爭不已。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵爭不已。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵争不已。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以禍重於咎，指出貪奪戰爭之始與極。", "textTrad": "吳澄以禍重於咎，指出貪奪戰爭之始與極。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以祸重于咎，指出贪夺战争之始与极。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以貪欲務得、不知止足總收三者。", "textTrad": "憨山以貪欲務得、不知止足總收三者。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以贪欲务得、不知止足总收三者。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源校王弼本無罪句，並錄傅奕、吳澄異文。", "textTrad": "魏源校王弼本無罪句，並錄傅奕、吳澄異文。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源校王弼本无罪句，并录傅奕、吴澄异文。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以禍發方寸、福隱無名，歸於不為福先。", "textTrad": "王夫之以禍發方寸、福隱無名，歸於不為福先。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以祸发方寸、福隐无名，归于不为福先。" } ], "nameSimp": "祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得", "questionSimp": "罪、祸、咎三者，为什么都归于可欲、不知足与欲得？", "introSimp": "河上公以好淫色解可欲，富贵不能自禁解不知足，欲得人物、利且贪解欲得。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，其注亦不及此，然「贪欲无厌、不修其内、各求于外」正是祸咎之根。成玄英以罪为苦所摧逼，境能逼心，是起罪之缘；祸即罪之深重，非唯灾及一身，亦乃祸延三族；咎为考责，校量深浅，祸重咎轻，故其彰三衅。唐玄宗御注以心见可欲为罪大，求取不已为祸大，欲必皆得则咎深；御疏以贪求土地、见可欲而欲心兴动解罪，以求而无厌、神道不祐解祸，以已得而无厌足解咎，并谓咎甚于祸。严遵以可欲之故非天下之罪，将罪归于在上者；不知足者为猎祸之具、危亡之大数，利心常起、兼并不休为得咎之至要。李荣分罪祸咎为罚止一身、下及子孙、上误祖先三层。陆希声以三恶统摄：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得，依次加深。吕惠卿以可欲、不知足、欲得相因，兵争不已。苏辙以可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其祸又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王为是则戎马所自起。吴澄以罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎，贪夺战争有始与极。憨山以贪欲务得、不知止足总收三者，欲得之心为众罪大祸之本。魏源校王弼本无罪句，并录傅奕「莫憯」、吴澄句序之异。王夫之以祸发于方寸、福隐于无名，有道者不为福先而天下无祸。诸家或分轻重、或论因果，大旨皆以欲得为祸咎之端。" }, { "id": "zhi-zu-zhi-zu", "name": "故知足之足，常足矣", "nameTrad": "故知足之足，常足矣", "question": "「知足之足」為什麼能「常足」？諸家如何區分「物足」與「心足」？", "questionTrad": "「知足之足」為什麼能「常足」？諸家如何區分「物足」與「心足」？", "intro": "河上公以守真根解知足，以無欲心解常足。王弼以知足知止為有道之始，知足即無求於外。成玄英以守分不貪、於行使足、恒無闕少，知足之人恒居安泰，先貧後樂。唐玄宗御注判物足非知足、心足乃知足，心若知足則此足常足；御疏以足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多，有欲無厭，雖多亦少。嚴遵以鑿井而飲、耕田而食、長妻生子為足之足，得道之主建心於足、游志於止，捐棄萬物，天下歸之。李榮以除可欲則外無所求、清本性則內無所乏，動皆合道，事無不足。陸希聲以未有多求而多得者，求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。呂惠卿以不知足者雖足而不足，反證知足之足常足。蘇轍以知足者所遇而足，故無不足。吳澄以知自足之為足，則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。憨山引「若厭於心，何日而足」，以貪得無時反證知足之無不足。魏源錄司馬本、韓非子異文，又引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。王夫之以早嗇於己、不驚於物，始於不依、終於不競。諸家或就心性、或就治世，大旨皆以足在於心不在物，故能常足。", "introTrad": "河上公以守真根解知足，以無欲心解常足。王弼以知足知止為有道之始，知足即無求於外。成玄英以守分不貪、於行使足、恒無闕少，知足之人恒居安泰，先貧後樂。唐玄宗御注判物足非知足、心足乃知足，心若知足則此足常足；御疏以足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多，有欲無厭，雖多亦少。嚴遵以鑿井而飲、耕田而食、長妻生子為足之足，得道之主建心於足、游志於止，捐棄萬物，天下歸之。李榮以除可欲則外無所求、清本性則內無所乏，動皆合道，事無不足。陸希聲以未有多求而多得者，求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。呂惠卿以不知足者雖足而不足，反證知足之足常足。蘇轍以知足者所遇而足，故無不足。吳澄以知自足之為足，則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。憨山引「若厭於心，何日而足」，以貪得無時反證知足之無不足。魏源錄司馬本、韓非子異文，又引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。王夫之以早嗇於己、不驚於物，始於不依、終於不競。諸家或就心性、或就治世，大旨皆以足在於心不在物，故能常足。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知足守真根，常足無欲心。", "thesisTrad": "知足守真根，常足無欲心。", "noteIds": [ "c008", "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知足守真根，常足无欲心。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知足知止，無求於外，各修其內。", "thesisTrad": "知足知止，無求於外，各修其內。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知足知止，无求于外，各修其内。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "守分不貪，恒無闕少；知足之人恒居安泰，先貧後樂。", "thesisTrad": "守分不貪，恒無闕少；知足之人恒居安泰，先貧後樂。", "noteIds": [ "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "守分不贪，恒无阙少；知足之人恒居安泰，先贫后乐。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "物足非知足，心足乃知足；足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多。", "thesisTrad": "物足非知足，心足乃知足；足在於心不在於物，循涯守分，雖少而多。", "noteIds": [ "c029", "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "物足非知足，心足乃知足；足在于心不在于物，循涯守分，虽少而多。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "指歸", "workTypeTrad": "指歸", "thesis": "建心於足，游志於止，捐棄萬物，天下歸之。", "thesisTrad": "建心於足，游志於止，捐棄萬物，天下歸之。", "noteIds": [ "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "指归", "thesisSimp": "建心于足，游志于止，捐弃万物，天下归之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。", "thesisTrad": "除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。", "noteIds": [ "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。", "thesisTrad": "求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。", "thesisTrad": "不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "不知足者虽足而不足，知足之足常足。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "知足者所遇而足，故無不足。", "thesisTrad": "知足者所遇而足，故無不足。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "知足者所遇而足，故无不足。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知自足之為足，則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。", "thesisTrad": "知自足之為足，則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知自足之为足，则不贪夺战争而常自足。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "惟知足之足，無不足矣，故常足。", "thesisTrad": "惟知足之足，無不足矣，故常足。", "noteIds": [ "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "惟知足之足，无不足矣，故常足。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "錄司馬本、韓非子異文；引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。", "thesisTrad": "錄司馬本、韓非子異文；引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。", "noteIds": [ "c054", "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "录司马本、韩非子异文；引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "早嗇於己，不驚於物；始於不依，終於不競。", "thesisTrad": "早嗇於己，不驚於物；始於不依，終於不競。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "早啬于己，不惊于物；始于不依，终于不竞。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以守真根解知足，以無欲心解常足。", "textTrad": "河上公以守真根解知足，以無欲心解常足。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以守真根解知足，以无欲心解常足。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以知足知止為有道之始，知足即無求於外。", "textTrad": "王弼以知足知止為有道之始，知足即無求於外。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以知足知止为有道之始，知足即无求于外。" }, { "noteId": "c018", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以守分不貪、恒無闕少，知足者恒居安泰。", "textTrad": "成玄英以守分不貪、恒無闕少，知足者恒居安泰。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以守分不贪、恒无阙少，知足者恒居安泰。" }, { "noteId": "c029", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗判物足非知足、心足乃知足，確立心足之義。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗判物足非知足、心足乃知足，確立心足之義。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗判物足非知足、心足乃知足，确立心足之义。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以足在於心不在物，循涯守分雖少而多。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以足在於心不在物，循涯守分雖少而多。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以足在于心不在物，循涯守分虽少而多。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "指歸", "relationTrad": "指歸", "text": "嚴遵以建心於足、游志於止，天下歸之。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以建心於足、游志於止，天下歸之。", "relationSimp": "指归", "textSimp": "严遵以建心于足、游志于止，天下归之。" }, { "noteId": "c039", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以除可欲則外無所求、清本性則內無所乏。", "textTrad": "李榮以除可欲則外無所求、清本性則內無所乏。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以除可欲则外无所求、清本性则内无所乏。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以不知足者雖足而不足，反證知足之常足。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以不知足者雖足而不足，反證知足之常足。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以不知足者虽足而不足，反证知足之常足。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以所遇而足，故無不足。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以所遇而足，故無不足。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以所遇而足，故无不足。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以不貪奪戰爭而常自足，落在治世。", "textTrad": "吳澄以不貪奪戰爭而常自足，落在治世。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以不贪夺战争而常自足，落在治世。" }, { "noteId": "c051", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山引「若厭於心，何日而足」，以貪得無時反證。", "textTrad": "憨山引「若厭於心，何日而足」，以貪得無時反證。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山引「若厌于心，何日而足」，以贪得无时反证。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源錄司馬本、韓非子異文。", "textTrad": "魏源錄司馬本、韓非子異文。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源录司马本、韩非子异文。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說，發明常足之旨。", "textTrad": "魏源引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說，發明常足之旨。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说，发明常足之旨。" } ], "nameSimp": "故知足之足，常足矣", "questionSimp": "「知足之足」为什么能「常足」？诸家如何区分「物足」与「心足」？", "introSimp": "河上公以守真根解知足，以无欲心解常足。王弼以知足知止为有道之始，知足即无求于外。成玄英以守分不贪、于行使足、恒无阙少，知足之人恒居安泰，先贫后乐。唐玄宗御注判物足非知足、心足乃知足，心若知足则此足常足；御疏以足在于心不在于物，循涯守分，虽少而多，有欲无厌，虽多亦少。严遵以凿井而饮、耕田而食、长妻生子为足之足，得道之主建心于足、游志于止，捐弃万物，天下归之。李荣以除可欲则外无所求、清本性则内无所乏，动皆合道，事无不足。陆希声以未有多求而多得者，求而知足者其求必寡、易供，故其求常足。吕惠卿以不知足者虽足而不足，反证知足之足常足。苏辙以知足者所遇而足，故无不足。吴澄以知自足之为足，则不贪夺战争而常自足。憨山引「若厌于心，何日而足」，以贪得无时反证知足之无不足。魏源录司马本、韩非子异文，又引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。王夫之以早啬于己、不惊于物，始于不依、终于不竞。诸家或就心性、或就治世，大旨皆以足在于心不在物，故能常足。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.909Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-46", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "dejing", "order": 2, "title": "德經", "titleSimp": "德经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-46", "slug": "46", "order": 46, "title": "第四十六章", "titleSimp": "第四十六章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "全章四句：首二句以有道、無道對舉——有道則卻走馬以糞田，無道則戎馬生於郊；次言禍莫大於不知足、咎莫大於欲得；末言知足之足、常足。王弼本無「罪莫大於可欲」句，諸家注此句者附於「禍莫大於不知足」句下。河上公以人主有道則兵甲不用、卻走馬以治農田，治身者卻陽精以糞其身；無道則戰伐不止、戎馬生於郊境之上，久不還；罪好淫色，禍富貴不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且貪；知足守真根，常足無欲心。王弼以有道知足知止、無求於外、各修其內，故卻走馬以治田糞；無道則貪欲無厭、不修其內、各求於外，故戎馬生於郊；末二句無注。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇內清夷，故卻馳走之馬以糞農畝，治身者卻六根兵馬以道糞心；無道之人禽荒色荒、多貪境土，軍戎兵馬出生郊外，治身者心不懷道、縱六根兵馬馳騁塵境；罪為苦所摧逼、境能逼心，禍即罪之深重、禍延三族，咎為考責、禍重咎輕；知足守分、恒無闕少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主無為化行、既不貪求，故無交戰，屏卻走馬，人得糞理田園；無道之君縱欲攻取，兵戎士馬寄生郊境；心見可欲為罪大，求取不已為禍大，欲必皆得則咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆場無事，人得俶載南畝；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不還；罪由貪求土地，禍由神道不祐，咎由已得而無厭，知足在於心不在於物、循涯守分、雖少而多。嚴遵以君民相懸命，君得道則萬民昌、失道則萬民喪；世主得道，宇內不擾、兵革不起，騏驥驊騮嬰輿而作；失道則諸侯不朝、輕車梟騎、士馬生郊、歷年不還；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者獵禍之具，利心常起為得咎之至要；得道之主建心於足、游志於止，天下歸之。李榮以君上有道，除奔命之馬；臣下無為，糞乘田之業；修真者去馳騁之浮情、糞身神以道德，務學者絕飄蕩之懈惰、糞心靈以藝文；無道則四郊多壘、五兵斯起，心王無道、馳六識之馬；罪罰止一身，禍下及子孫，咎上誤祖先；除可欲則外無所求，清本性則內無所乏。陸希聲以有道之世守在四夷，雖有健馬無所乘，百姓復於農桑、糞田疇而播殖；無道則兵甲動於境內、戎馬馳於四郊，民去其鄉而叛其君；其惡有三：心見可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。呂惠卿以民之智能已於耕食之間，盜爭銷於无欲之際，故卻走馬以糞；无道則見可欲以為造兵之本，雖有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足則雖有餘而不止，欲得則怨咎之招；不知足者雖足而不足，知足之足常足。蘇轍以天下各安其分則不爭而自治，故卻走馬而糞田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其禍又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王為是則戎馬所自起；知足者所遇而足。吳澄以卻為退、走馬為善走之馬、糞車為糞載之車，有道之世各守分地，善馬不以服戎車，退卻賤用以糞田，並考「糞車」之車字，謂張衡《東京賦》用老子全句、王弼注時已脫、車郊叶韻；無道則戎馬生育郊外；罪愆惡咎禍皆災殃而禍重於咎，知自足則不貪奪戰爭而常自足。憨山以此承上清淨無為之益，甚言多欲有為之害，誡人君當以知足自守；上古有道之君清淨無欲，民安其業，棄卻走馬而糞田疇；世衰道微，諸侯暴亂，戎馬生於郊；罪莫大於可欲，禍莫大於不知足，咎莫大於欲得，惟知足之足無不足。魏源以此章為其第三十九章，校「糞」字，傅奕作播，張衡、張協用糞車，韓非、淮南、鹽鐵引無車字，故仍其舊；又校王弼本無罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吳澄句序在「禍莫大」前、司馬本無「之足」及「矣」、韓非作「知足之為足矣」；引李氏嘉謨由愛生取、由取生有之說。王夫之以禍發於方寸、福隱於無名，一機之動如蟻穿、萬殺之爭如河決，有道者不為福先而天下無禍，明於陰陽之亢害而樂遊大同之圃。河上公九注、王弼二注、成玄英七注、唐玄宗御注御疏十二注、嚴遵五注、李榮四注、陸希聲三注、呂惠卿二注、蘇轍三注、吳澄二注、憨山二注、魏源四注、王夫之一注；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故十三家。河上公題「儉欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本無章題；吳澄以此章自為其第三十八章，魏源以此章為其第三十九章；嚴遵本無章題，此章自為一篇。諸本異文：吳澄作「卻走馬以糞車」，「常足」下無「矣」字，且「咎莫大於欲得」在「禍莫大於不知足」前；傅奕「糞」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司馬本無「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韓非子》作「知足之為足矣」；嚴遵「知足之足」前無「故」字，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "全章四句：首二句以有道、无道对举——有道则却走马以粪田，无道则戎马生于郊；次言祸莫大于不知足、咎莫大于欲得；末言知足之足、常足。王弼本无「罪莫大于可欲」句，诸家注此句者附于「祸莫大于不知足」句下。河上公以人主有道则兵甲不用、却走马以治农田，治身者却阳精以粪其身；无道则战伐不止、戎马生于郊境之上，久不还；罪好淫色，祸富贵不能自禁止，咎欲得人物、利且贪；知足守真根，常足无欲心。王弼以有道知足知止、无求于外、各修其内，故却走马以治田粪；无道则贪欲无厌、不修其内、各求于外，故戎马生于郊；末二句无注。成玄英以有道之君偃武修文、宇内清夷，故却驰走之马以粪农亩，治身者却六根兵马以道粪心；无道之人禽荒色荒、多贪境土，军戎兵马出生郊外，治身者心不怀道、纵六根兵马驰骋尘境；罪为苦所摧逼、境能逼心，祸即罪之深重、祸延三族，咎为考责、祸重咎轻；知足守分、恒无阙少。唐玄宗御注以有道之主无为化行、既不贪求，故无交战，屏却走马，人得粪理田园；无道之君纵欲攻取，兵戎士马寄生郊境；心见可欲为罪大，求取不已为祸大，欲必皆得则咎深；物足非知足、心足乃知足。御疏以守在四夷、疆场无事，人得俶载南亩；郊者交也，交境拒守之地，久而不还；罪由贪求土地，祸由神道不祐，咎由已得而无厌，知足在于心不在于物、循涯守分、虽少而多。严遵以君民相悬命，君得道则万民昌、失道则万民丧；世主得道，宇内不扰、兵革不起，骐骥骅骝婴舆而作；失道则诸侯不朝、轻车枭骑、士马生郊、历年不还；可欲之故非天下之罪，不知足者猎祸之具，利心常起为得咎之至要；得道之主建心于足、游志于止，天下归之。李荣以君上有道，除奔命之马；臣下无为，粪乘田之业；修真者去驰骋之浮情、粪身神以道德，务学者绝飘荡之懈惰、粪心灵以艺文；无道则四郊多垒、五兵斯起，心王无道、驰六识之马；罪罚止一身，祸下及子孙，咎上误祖先；除可欲则外无所求，清本性则内无所乏。陆希声以有道之世守在四夷，虽有健马无所乘，百姓复于农桑、粪田畴而播殖；无道则兵甲动于境内、戎马驰于四郊，民去其乡而叛其君；其恶有三：心见可欲、求而不已、欲而必得；求而知足者其求必寡，故其求常足。吕惠卿以民之智能已于耕食之间，盗争销于无欲之际，故却走马以粪；无道则见可欲以为造兵之本，虽有封疆之界不能定；罪由可欲，不知足则虽有余而不止，欲得则怨咎之招；不知足者虽足而不足，知足之足常足。苏辙以天下各安其分则不争而自治，故却走马而粪田；可欲示人固有罪，不足其足其祸又甚，所欲必得其咎最大，侯王为是则戎马所自起；知足者所遇而足。吴澄以却为退、走马为善走之马、粪车为粪载之车，有道之世各守分地，善马不以服戎车，退却贱用以粪田，并考「粪车」之车字，谓张衡《东京赋》用老子全句、王弼注时已脱、车郊叶韵；无道则戎马生育郊外；罪愆恶咎祸皆灾殃而祸重于咎，知自足则不贪夺战争而常自足。憨山以此承上清净无为之益，甚言多欲有为之害，诫人君当以知足自守；上古有道之君清净无欲，民安其业，弃却走马而粪田畴；世衰道微，诸侯暴乱，戎马生于郊；罪莫大于可欲，祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，惟知足之足无不足。魏源以此章为其第三十九章，校「粪」字，傅奕作播，张衡、张协用粪车，韩非、淮南、盐铁引无车字，故仍其旧；又校王弼本无罪句、傅奕「咎莫大」作「莫憯」、吴澄句序在「祸莫大」前、司马本无「之足」及「矣」、韩非作「知足之为足矣」；引李氏嘉谟由爱生取、由取生有之说。王夫之以祸发于方寸、福隐于无名，一机之动如蚁穿、万杀之争如河决，有道者不为福先而天下无祸，明于阴阳之亢害而乐游大同之圃。河上公九注、王弼二注、成玄英七注、唐玄宗御注御疏十二注、严遵五注、李荣四注、陆希声三注、吕惠卿二注、苏辙三注、吴澄二注、憨山二注、魏源四注、王夫之一注；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故十三家。河上公题「俭欲第四十六」，《玄德纂疏》卷十三、吕惠卿、苏辙题「天下有道章第四十六」，王弼本无章题；吴澄以此章自为其第三十八章，魏源以此章为其第三十九章；严遵本无章题，此章自为一篇。诸本异文：吴澄作「却走马以粪车」，「常足」下无「矣」字，且「咎莫大于欲得」在「祸莫大于不知足」前；傅奕「粪」作「播」，「咎莫大」作「莫憯」；司马本无「之足」二字及「矣」字；《韩非子》作「知足之为足矣」；严遵「知足之足」前无「故」字，并见校记。", 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