{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-56", "no": 56, "part": "德經", "partSimp": "德经", "title": "第五十六章", "titleSimp": "第五十六章", "intro": "《老子》第五十六章，河上公題「玄德第五十六」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「知者不言章第五十六」，王弼本無章題；吳澄以此章為其第四十八章，魏源以此章為其第四十九章，王夫之標「五十六章」。王弼道藏本正文八句：知者不言，言者不知；塞其兌，閉其門；挫其銳，解其分，和其光，同其塵；是謂玄同；故不可得而親，不可得而疏；不可得而利，不可得而害；不可得而貴，不可得而賤；故為天下貴。全章由「知者不言」發端，以塞兌閉門、挫銳解紛、和光同塵為修養之方，歸於「玄同」，終以不可得而親疏利害貴賤、為天下貴作結。河上公以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患；塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別；玄為天，能行上事則與天同道；不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味，不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位，不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈；末言天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥；可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然；末以無物可以加之釋天下貴。成玄英以知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」「問道而應之者不知道」；塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事；斷伏身心、和光晦迹則與玄理符同；兩忘物我、一觀親疏，死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚；末以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推釋天下貴。唐玄宗御注以知為了悟、言為辭說；塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言；四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義；玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏，無欲不爭故不可利害，體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤；末以體了無滯、根塵無染為天下所尊貴。李榮以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞；杜欲路、絕禍源；折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭，和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別；愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘，故親疏利害貴賤不能入；能行此者可以為天下貴。陸希聲以知道者以心而不以辯，去辯說、取心悟；塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛；上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙；道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。呂惠卿以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我；言出於無言，雖言猶不言；玄同即默成之道；萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤，故為天下貴。蘇轍以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內，則默然不言而與道同；可得而親則可得而疏，體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱，情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。吳澄以言耗氣，知道者不言，塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物，兩無分別、與世齊同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠、外名位貨財、外死生禍福、勢如君長而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。憨山以聖人善得所養、妙契忘言而與道玄同；兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想、和光同塵順物忘懷；心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏，淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉，故不在親疏利害貴賤之間。魏源以言親貌疏皆落形跡，塞兌閉門無可欣厭，挫銳解紛則不求利而害不至，和光同塵則不自貴而人不得賤；貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同之人無所為同，安有所謂異；末引李嘉謨語為證。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離；即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤；引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出為玄同。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。嚴遵《指歸》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五無輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "introSimp": "《老子》第五十六章，河上公题「玄德第五十六」，《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「知者不言章第五十六」，王弼本无章题；吴澄以此章为其第四十八章，魏源以此章为其第四十九章，王夫之标「五十六章」。王弼道藏本正文八句：知者不言，言者不知；塞其兑，闭其门；挫其锐，解其分，和其光，同其尘；是谓玄同；故不可得而亲，不可得而疏；不可得而利，不可得而害；不可得而贵，不可得而贱；故为天下贵。全章由「知者不言」发端，以塞兑闭门、挫锐解纷、和光同尘为修养之方，归于「玄同」，终以不可得而亲疏利害贵贱、为天下贵作结。河上公以知者贵行不贵言、言者多言多患；塞闭欲绝其源，挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别；玄为天，能行上事则与天同道；不荣誉为乐、独立为哀，志静无欲、与人无怨；身不欲富贵、口不欲五味，不与贪争利、不与勇争气；不为乱世主、不处暗君位，不以乘权故骄、不以失志故屈；末言天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻；可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然；末以无物可以加之释天下贵。成玄英以知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」「问道而应之者不知道」；塞兑息言论、闭门制六情，挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事；断伏身心、和光晦迹则与玄理符同；两忘物我、一观亲疏，死生无变于己，况利害之间；毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊；末以苍生荷戴、群品乐推释天下贵。唐玄宗御注以知为了悟、言为辞说；塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辩说者滞言；四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身之义；玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏，无欲不争故不可利害，体道自然、洗然无滓故不可贵贱；末以体了无滞、根尘无染为天下所尊贵。李荣以得意忘言、悟理遗教，多言丧道、执教失真；杜欲路、绝祸源；折食欲之锋、释是非之争，和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别；爱憎平等、毁誉齐一、荣辱同忘，故亲疏利害贵贱不能入；能行此者可以为天下贵。陆希声以知道者以心而不以辩，去辩说、取心悟；塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷；上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争，处上不重、处卑不污；道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。吕惠卿以知至则默而成之，不能无言则不能无我；言出于无言，虽言犹不言；玄同即默成之道；万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱，故为天下贵。苏辙以道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内，则默然不言而与道同；可得而亲则可得而疏，体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱，情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。吴澄以言耗气，知道者不言，塞兑闭门为爱身存我；挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物，两无分别、与世齐同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远、外名位货财、外死生祸福、势如君长而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。憨山以圣人善得所养、妙契忘言而与道玄同；兑为口、门为耳目之玩，挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想、和光同尘顺物忘怀；心超尘表故不可亲，精诚动物故不可疏，淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘、披褐怀玉，故不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。魏源以言亲貌疏皆落形迹，塞兑闭门无可欣厌，挫锐解纷则不求利而害不至，和光同尘则不自贵而人不得贱；贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；玄同之人无所为同，安有所谓异；末引李嘉谟语为证。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离；即之似不肖、违之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱；引严君平语，以语默随时、卮言日出为玄同。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。严遵《指归》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五无辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十二家舊注。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、吳澄逐句或分段分疏；王弼四注、陸希聲三段、呂惠卿四段、蘇轍二段、憨山二段、魏源三條、王夫之二段。嚴遵《指歸》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五無輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。河上公題「玄德」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「知者不言章」；吳澄以此章為其第四十八章，魏源以此章為其第四十九章，王夫之標「五十六章」。王弼本正文作「解其分」「不可得而疏」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之「解其分」並作「解其紛」。河上公「疏」作「踈」，魏源作「疎」；河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十二家旧注。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李荣、吴澄逐句或分段分疏；王弼四注、陆希声三段、吕惠卿四段、苏辙二段、憨山二段、魏源三条、王夫之二段。严遵《指归》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五无辑文，故不列；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。河上公题「玄德」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「知者不言章」；吴澄以此章为其第四十八章，魏源以此章为其第四十九章，王夫之标「五十六章」。王弼本正文作「解其分」「不可得而疏」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之「解其分」并作「解其纷」。河上公「疏」作「踈」，魏源作「疏」；河上公、陆希声「疏」「害」「贱」三句上有「亦」字。", "slug": "56", "order": 56, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "全章八句：首句言知者不言、言者不知；第二句言塞其兌、閉其門；第三句言挫其銳、解其分、和其光、同其塵；第四句言是謂玄同；第五至七句言不可得而親疏、不可得而利害、不可得而貴賤；末句言故為天下貴。河上公以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患；塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別，能行上事則與天同道；志靜無欲、與人無怨，末言天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥；可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然；末以無物可以加之釋天下貴。成玄英以知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事；兩忘物我、一觀親疏，死生無變於己，況利害之間；末以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推釋天下貴。唐玄宗御注以知為了悟、言為辭說，塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以理契言忘，四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身；玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏，無欲不爭故不可利害，體道自然故不可貴賤；末以體了無滯、根塵無染為天下所尊貴。李榮以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞；杜欲路、絕禍源，折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭，和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別；愛憎平等、毀譽齊一，故親疏利害貴賤不能入。陸希聲以知道者以心而不以辯，塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛；上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭；道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。呂惠卿以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我，言出於無言，雖言猶不言；玄同即默成之道；萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤，故為天下貴。蘇轍以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內，則默然不言而與道同；體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱，情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。吳澄以言耗氣，知道者不言，塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物，兩無分別、與世齊同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠、外名位貨財、外死生禍福、勢如君長而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。憨山以聖人善得所養、妙契忘言而與道玄同；兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想、和光同塵順物忘懷；心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏，淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵，故不在親疏利害貴賤之間。魏源以言親貌疏皆落形跡，塞兌閉門無可欣厭，挫銳解紛則不求利而害不至，和光同塵則不自貴而人不得賤；貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；末引李嘉謨語為證。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤；引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出為玄同。嚴遵《指歸》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五無輯文，俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故十二家。王弼本作「解其分」「不可得而疏」，諸本多作「解其紛」及「䟽」「踈」「疎」；河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "全章八句：首句言知者不言、言者不知；第二句言塞其兑、闭其门；第三句言挫其锐、解其分、和其光、同其尘；第四句言是谓玄同；第五至七句言不可得而亲疏、不可得而利害、不可得而贵贱；末句言故为天下贵。河上公以知者贵行不贵言、言者多言多患；塞闭欲绝其源，挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别，能行上事则与天同道；志静无欲、与人无怨，末言天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻；可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然；末以无物可以加之释天下贵。成玄英以知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」；塞兑息言论、闭门制六情，挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事；两忘物我、一观亲疏，死生无变于己，况利害之间；末以苍生荷戴、群品乐推释天下贵。唐玄宗御注以知为了悟、言为辞说，塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；御疏以理契言忘，四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身；玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏，无欲不争故不可利害，体道自然故不可贵贱；末以体了无滞、根尘无染为天下所尊贵。李荣以得意忘言、悟理遗教，多言丧道、执教失真；杜欲路、绝祸源，折食欲之锋、释是非之争，和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别；爱憎平等、毁誉齐一，故亲疏利害贵贱不能入。陆希声以知道者以心而不以辩，塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷；上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争；道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。吕惠卿以知至则默而成之，不能无言则不能无我，言出于无言，虽言犹不言；玄同即默成之道；万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱，故为天下贵。苏辙以道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内，则默然不言而与道同；体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱，情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。吴澄以言耗气，知道者不言，塞兑闭门为爱身存我；挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物，两无分别、与世齐同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远、外名位货财、外死生祸福、势如君长而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。憨山以圣人善得所养、妙契忘言而与道玄同；兑为口、门为耳目之玩，挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想、和光同尘顺物忘怀；心超尘表故不可亲，精诚动物故不可疏，淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘，故不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。魏源以言亲貌疏皆落形迹，塞兑闭门无可欣厌，挫锐解纷则不求利而害不至，和光同尘则不自贵而人不得贱；贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；末引李嘉谟语为证。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离；贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱；引严君平语，以语默随时、卮言日出为玄同。严遵《指归》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五无辑文，俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故十二家。王弼本作「解其分」「不可得而疏」，诸本多作「解其纷」及「䟽」「踈」「疏」；河上公、陆希声「疏」「害」「贱」三句上有「亦」字，并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-56.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-56.json", "url": "/laozi/56/", "volumeId": "dejing", "volumeTitle": "德經", "volumeTitleSimp": "德经", "orderLabel": "第五十六" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德經）", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼道藏本正文作「知者不言，言者不知。塞其兌，閉其門，挫其鋭，解其分，和其光，同其塵，是謂玄同。故不可得而親，不可得而䟽，不可得而利，不可得而害，不可得而貴，不可得而賤，故爲天下貴」，本站分八句，並依文義統一作「疏」。河上公題「玄德第五十六」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「知者不言章第五十六」；吳澄以此章為其第四十八章，魏源以此章為其第四十九章，王夫之標「五十六章」。諸本異文：王弼作「解其分」，河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之並作「解其紛」；王弼作「䟽」，河上公作「踈」，魏源作「疎」，餘作「疏」；河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字；魏源注云傅奕本無「故」字。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德经）", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；河上公此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李荣此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼道藏本正文作「知者不言，言者不知。塞其兑，闭其门，挫其锐，解其分，和其光，同其尘，是谓玄同。故不可得而亲，不可得而䟽，不可得而利，不可得而害，不可得而贵，不可得而贱，故为天下贵」，本站分八句，并依文义统一作「疏」。河上公题「玄德第五十六」，《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「知者不言章第五十六」；吴澄以此章为其第四十八章，魏源以此章为其第四十九章，王夫之标「五十六章」。诸本异文：王弼作「解其分」，河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之并作「解其纷」；王弼作「䟽」，河上公作「踈」，魏源作「疏」，余作「疏」；河上公、陆希声「疏」「害」「贱」三句上有「亦」字；魏源注云傅奕本无「故」字。正文从王弼道藏本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 8, "commentaries": 65, "charNotes": 14, "collations": 8 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「玄德第五十六」，以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患；塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別；玄為天，能行上事則與天同道；不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味，不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位，不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈；末言天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害。此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；注十五條。", "count": 15, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「玄德第五十六」，以知者贵行不贵言、言者多言多患；塞闭欲绝其源，挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别；玄为天，能行上事则与天同道；不荣誉为乐、独立为哀，志静无欲、与人无怨；身不欲富贵、口不欲五味，不与贪争利、不与勇争气；不为乱世主、不处暗君位，不以乘权故骄、不以失志故屈；末言天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害。此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；注十五条。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末、無為為宗；此章注四條，以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥；可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然；末以無物可以加之釋天下貴；「塞其兌，閉其門」與「是謂玄同」無注。此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末、无为为宗；此章注四条，以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻；可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然；末以无物可以加之释天下贵；「塞其兑，闭其门」与「是谓玄同」无注。此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》德经，参校魏源《老子本义》所引。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存義疏，以知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」「問道而應之者不知道」；塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事；斷伏身心、和光晦迹則與玄理符同；兩忘物我、一觀親疏，死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚；末以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推釋天下貴。注八條。", "count": 8, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存义疏，以知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」「问道而应之者不知道」；塞兑息言论、闭门制六情，挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事；断伏身心、和光晦迹则与玄理符同；两忘物我、一观亲疏，死生无变于己，况利害之间；毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊；末以苍生荷戴、群品乐推释天下贵。注八条。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "唐玄宗", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9a4b3f", "desc": "御注簡質、御疏詳申，以理國修身並重；此章御注以知為了悟、言為辭說，塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言；四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義；玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏，無欲不爭故不可利害，體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤；末以體了無滯、根塵無染為天下所尊貴。御注七條、御疏八條，分列。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "count": 15, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "唐玄宗", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "御注简质、御疏详申，以理国修身并重；此章御注以知为了悟、言为辞说，塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辩说者滞言；四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身之义；玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏，无欲不争故不可利害，体道自然、洗然无滓故不可贵贱；末以体了无滞、根尘无染为天下所尊贵。御注七条、御疏八条，分列。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李榮", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "約 600–680", "color": "#5f6f8a", "desc": "以道本德用、修身治國並說為宗；此章以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞；杜欲路、絕禍源；折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭，和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別；愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘，故親疏利害貴賤不能入；能行此者可以為天下貴。注四條。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 600–680", "descSimp": "以道本德用、修身治国并说为宗；此章以得意忘言、悟理遗教，多言丧道、执教失真；杜欲路、绝祸源；折食欲之锋、释是非之争，和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别；爱憎平等、毁誉齐一、荣辱同忘，故亲疏利害贵贱不能入；能行此者可以为天下贵。注四条。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "shortSimp": "李荣" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#8a6f3a", "desc": "以體用、本末說經，長於政教；此章以知道者以心而不以辯，去辯說、取心悟；塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛；上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙；道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。傳三段。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以体用、本末说经，长于政教；此章以知道者以心而不以辩，去辩说、取心悟；塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷；上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争，处上不重、处卑不污；道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。传三段。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#6a7d5a", "desc": "以道體無知、守母為本；此章以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我；言出於無言，雖言猶不言；玄同即默成之道；萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤，故為天下貴。傳四段。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "以道体无知、守母为本；此章以知至则默而成之，不能无言则不能无我；言出于无言，虽言犹不言；玄同即默成之道；万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱，故为天下贵。传四段。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#5d7080", "desc": "以體道無知、無所施設為宗；此章以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內，則默然不言而與道同；可得而親則可得而疏，體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱，情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。解二段。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以体道无知、无所施设为宗；此章以道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内，则默然不言而与道同；可得而亲则可得而疏，体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱，情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。解二段。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#7b5f7a", "desc": "以理氣、斂退說經，兼重字義訓詁；此章以言耗氣，知道者不言，塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物，兩無分別、與世齊同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠、外名位貨財、外死生禍福、勢如君長而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。注三條。此章為其第四十八章。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "以理气、敛退说经，兼重字义训诂；此章以言耗气，知道者不言，塞兑闭门为爱身存我；挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物，两无分别、与世齐同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远、外名位货财、外死生祸福、势如君长而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。注三条。此章为其第四十八章。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#8a5f4a", "desc": "以真修、復性為本，兼重教化；此章以聖人善得所養、妙契忘言而與道玄同；兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想、和光同塵順物忘懷；心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏，淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉，故不在親疏利害貴賤之間。解二段。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "以真修、复性为本，兼重教化；此章以圣人善得所养、妙契忘言而与道玄同；兑为口、门为耳目之玩，挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想、和光同尘顺物忘怀；心超尘表故不可亲，精诚动物故不可疏，淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘、披褐怀玉，故不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。解二段。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏源", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#5a6a5a", "desc": "以不盈務内為宗，博引諸家而斷以源案；此章為其第四十九章，以言親貌疏皆落形跡，塞兌閉門無可欣厭，挫銳解紛則不求利而害不至，和光同塵則不自貴而人不得賤；貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同之人無所為同，安有所謂異；末引李嘉謨語為證。注三條。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "以不盈务内为宗，博引诸家而断以源案；此章为其第四十九章，以言亲貌疏皆落形迹，塞兑闭门无可欣厌，挫锐解纷则不求利而害不至，和光同尘则不自贵而人不得贱；贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；玄同之人无所为同，安有所谓异；末引李嘉谟语为证。注三条。", "shortSimp": "魏源" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "王夫之老子衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以氣化、知幾立說；此章標「五十六章」，以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離；即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤；引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出為玄同。衍文二段。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "王夫之老子衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "以气化、知几立说；此章标「五十六章」，以知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离；即之似不肖、违之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱；引严君平语，以语默随时、卮言日出为玄同。衍文二段。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 8, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "知者不言，言者不知。", "textSimp": "知者不言，言者不知。", "translation": "真正知道的人不轻易言说，夸夸其谈的人其实并不知道。", "translationTrad": "真正知道的人不輕易言說，誇誇其談的人其實並不知道。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002", "c016", "c020", "c028", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c051", "c054", "c056", "c059", "c061", "c064" ], "noteCount": 15, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002" ], "key": "laozi-56:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "塞其兌，閉其門，", "textSimp": "塞其兑，闭其门，", "translation": "堵塞嗜欲的孔窍，关闭嗜欲的门户；", "translationTrad": "堵塞嗜欲的孔竅，關閉嗜欲的門戶；", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c044", "c048", "c052", "c054", "c056", "c059", "c061", "c064" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n004", "n005" ], "key": "laozi-56:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "挫其銳，解其分，和其光，同其塵，", "textSimp": "挫其锐，解其分，和其光，同其尘，", "translation": "磨去锋芒，消解纷争，收敛光耀，混同尘俗；", "translationTrad": "磨去鋒芒，消解紛爭，收斂光耀，混同塵俗；", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c017", "c022", "c032", "c033", "c045", "c052", "c054", "c057", "c059", "c061", "c064" ], "noteCount": 15, "charNoteIds": [ "n006", "n007", "n008", "n009" ], "key": "laozi-56:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "是謂玄同。", "textSimp": "是谓玄同。", "translation": "这就叫作「玄同」。", "translationTrad": "這就叫作「玄同」。", "noteIds": [ "c008", "c023", "c034", "c052", "c054", "c057", "c059", "c061", "c064" ], "noteCount": 9, "charNoteIds": [ "n010" ], "key": "laozi-56:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "故不可得而親，不可得而疏，", "textSimp": "故不可得而亲，不可得而疏，", "translation": "所以不能够对他有所亲近，也不能够对他有所疏远；", "translationTrad": "所以不能夠對他有所親近，也不能夠對他有所疏遠；", "noteIds": [ "c009", "c010", "c018", "c024", "c035", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c053", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062", "c063", "c065" ], "noteCount": 15, "charNoteIds": [ "n003", "n011" ], "key": "laozi-56:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "不可得而利，不可得而害，", "textSimp": "不可得而利，不可得而害，", "translation": "不能够用利益引诱他，也不能够用祸害威胁他；", "translationTrad": "不能夠用利益引誘他，也不能夠用禍害威脅他；", "noteIds": [ "c011", "c012", "c025", "c037", "c038", "c053", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062", "c063", "c065" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n012" ], "key": "laozi-56:s006", "n": 6 }, { "id": "s007", "paragraph": 1, "text": "不可得而貴，不可得而賤，", "textSimp": "不可得而贵，不可得而贱，", "translation": "不能够使他尊贵，也不能够使他卑贱；", "translationTrad": "不能夠使他尊貴，也不能夠使他卑賤；", "noteIds": [ "c013", "c014", "c026", "c039", "c040", "c053", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062", "c063", "c065" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n013" ], "key": "laozi-56:s007", "n": 7 }, { "id": "s008", "paragraph": 1, "text": "故為天下貴。", "textSimp": "故为天下贵。", "translation": "所以他成为天下所尊贵的人。", "translationTrad": "所以他成為天下所尊貴的人。", "noteIds": [ "c015", "c019", "c027", "c041", "c042", "c053", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062", "c063", "c065" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n014" ], "key": "laozi-56:s008", "n": 8 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知者貴行，不貴言也。", "authorNote": "河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公題「玄德第五十六」。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "知者贵行，不贵言也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公題「玄德第五十六」。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "河上公此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公题「玄德第五十六」。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "言者不知", "kind": "note", "text": "駟不及舌，多言多患。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "驷不及舌，多言多患。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "言者不知" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "塞閉之者，欲絕其源。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "塞闭之者，欲绝其源。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "情欲有所鋭為，當念道無為以挫止之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "情欲有所锐为，当念道无为以挫止之也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "解其分", "kind": "note", "text": "忿結恨不休，當念道恬泊以解釋之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "忿结恨不休，当念道恬泊以解释之也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "解其分" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "和其光", "kind": "note", "text": "雖有獨見之明，當和之闇昧，不使曜亂人也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "虽有独见之明，当和之暗昧，不使曜乱人也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "和其光" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "同其塵", "kind": "note", "text": "不當自別殊也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "不当自别殊也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "同其尘" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "是謂玄同", "kind": "note", "text": "玄，天也。人能行此上事，是謂與天同道也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "玄，天也。人能行此上事，是谓与天同道也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "是谓玄同" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "不以榮譽為樂，獨立為哀。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "不以荣誉为乐，独立为哀。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而疏", "kind": "note", "text": "志靜無欲，與人無怨。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "志静无欲，与人无怨。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而疏" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不可得而利", "kind": "note", "text": "身不欲富貴，口不欲五味。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "身不欲富贵，口不欲五味。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而利" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不可得而害", "kind": "note", "text": "不與貪爭利，不與勇爭氣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "不与贪争利，不与勇争气。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而害" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "不可得而貴", "kind": "note", "text": "不為亂世主，不處闇君位。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "不为乱世主，不处暗君位。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而贵" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "不可得而賤", "kind": "note", "text": "不以乘權故驕，不以失志故屈也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "不以乘权故骄，不以失志故屈也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而贱" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "故為天下貴", "kind": "note", "text": "其德如此，天子不得臣，諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮，容身避害，故為天下貴也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其德如此，天子不得臣，诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮，容身避害，故为天下贵也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故为天下贵" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知者不言，因自然也；言者不知，造事端也。", "authorNote": "此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》德經。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "知者不言，因自然也；言者不知，造事端也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）（此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》德經。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本德经，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》德经。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "挫其鋭，含守質也；解其分，除爭原也；和其光，無所特顯，則物無偏爭也；同其塵，無所特賤，則物無偏恥也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "挫其锐，含守质也；解其分，除争原也；和其光，无所特显，则物无偏争也；同其尘，无所特贱，则物无偏耻也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本德经，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "可得而親，則可得而疏也；可得而利，則可得而害也；可得而貴，則可得而賤也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "可得而亲，则可得而疏也；可得而利，则可得而害也；可得而贵，则可得而贱也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本德经，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "故為天下貴", "kind": "note", "text": "無物可以加之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "无物可以加之也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本德經，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本德经，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故为天下贵" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知者不言，知道之人達於妙理，知理無言說，所以不言，故《莊子》云「道無問，問無應」，即無為謂是也。言者不知，封滯名言，執言求理，理超言象，所以不知，故《莊子》云「問道而應之者不知道」，知與黄帝是也。", "authorNote": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "知者不言，知道之人达于妙理，知理无言说，所以不言，故《庄子》云「道无问，问无应」，即无为谓是也。言者不知，封滞名言，执言求理，理超言象，所以不知，故《庄子》云「问道而应之者不知道」，知与黄帝是也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "塞其兌，息言論也；閉其門，制六情也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "塞其兑，息言论也；闭其门，制六情也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "挫其鋭，止貪競也；解其紛，釋恚怒也；和其光，接愚俗也；同其塵，混世事也。上來數句前已具釋，今略貼文，不復詳辯；所以重言者，明此數句於學問切當，故再出之耳。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "挫其锐，止贪竞也；解其纷，释恚怒也；和其光，接愚俗也；同其尘，混世事也。上来数句前已具释，今略贴文，不复详辩；所以重言者，明此数句于学问切当，故再出之耳。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "是謂玄同", "kind": "note", "text": "前既斷伏身心，次則和光晦迹，所以行充德滿，故與玄理符同。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "前既断伏身心，次则和光晦迹，所以行充德满，故与玄理符同。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "是谓玄同" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "道契重玄，境知雙絕，既兩忘乎物我，亦一觀乎親疏。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "道契重玄，境知双绝，既两忘乎物我，亦一观乎亲疏。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不可得而利", "kind": "note", "text": "夫利害者與乎存亡也，死生無變於己，況利害之間乎？故《莊子》云「不就利，不違害」也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "夫利害者与乎存亡也，死生无变于己，况利害之间乎？故《庄子》云「不就利，不违害」也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而利" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "不可得而貴", "kind": "note", "text": "夫貴賤者與乎榮辱也，故毀譽不動，寵辱莫驚，故不可貴賤，語其心也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "夫贵贱者与乎荣辱也，故毁誉不动，宠辱莫惊，故不可贵贱，语其心也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而贵" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "故為天下貴", "kind": "note", "text": "既遣蕩乎親疏，又虛忘乎利害，毀譽不關其慮，貴賤莫介于懷，故蒼生荷戴而不辭，群品樂推而不厭，是以天下人間尊之貴之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "既遣荡乎亲疏，又虚忘乎利害，毁誉不关其虑，贵贱莫介于怀，故苍生荷戴而不辞，群品乐推而不厌，是以天下人间尊之贵之也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "故为天下贵" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知，了悟；言，辭說。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "知，了悟；言，辞说。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知者，了悟也；言者，辯說也。夫至理精微，玄宗隱奥，雖假言以詮理，終理契而言忘，故了悟者得理而忘言，辯說者滯言而不悟，故曰知者不言，言者不知。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "知者，了悟也；言者，辩说也。夫至理精微，玄宗隐奥，虽假言以诠理，终理契而言忘，故了悟者得理而忘言，辩说者滞言而不悟，故曰知者不言，言者不知。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "塞其兌，了悟者於法無愛染，於言無執滯，故云塞其兌也。閉其門，既無愛染，則嗜欲之門閉矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "塞其兑，了悟者于法无爱染，于言无执滞，故云塞其兑也。闭其门，既无爱染，则嗜欲之门闭矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "具如〈天下有始章〉所釋。彼則約道清淨以塞六根愛悅，此則因教辯忘，將息滯言之累；於言無執，故云塞其兌；不為榮辱之主，可謂閉其門。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "具如〈天下有始章〉所释。彼则约道清净以塞六根爱悦，此则因教辩忘，将息滞言之累；于言无执，故云塞其兑；不为荣辱之主，可谓闭其门。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "解具如〈道沖章〉。彼則約道，此則約人，言人能體道，是謂與玄同德也。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "解具如〈道冲章〉。彼则约道，此则约人，言人能体道，是谓与玄同德也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "此四句已出上經〈道沖章〉。彼則就道以論功，此則據人以明行；上下兩經互舉其文者，以其濟物修身之義有功，故重言之也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此四句已出上经〈道冲章〉。彼则就道以论功，此则据人以明行；上下两经互举其文者，以其济物修身之义有功，故重言之也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "是謂玄同", "kind": "note", "text": "嘆夫體道之人既已不滯言教，又能和光混迹，行符於道，是謂與玄同德。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "叹夫体道之人既已不滞言教，又能和光混迹，行符于道，是谓与玄同德。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "是谓玄同" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "玄同無私，故不可得而親；汎然和眾，故不可得而疏。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "玄同无私，故不可得而亲；泛然和众，故不可得而疏。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "言玄同之人心無偏私，不可得親而狎之；和光順物，不可得疏而遠之。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "言玄同之人心无偏私，不可得亲而狎之；和光顺物，不可得疏而远之。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不可得而利", "kind": "note", "text": "無欲故不可得而利；不爭故不可得而害。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "无欲故不可得而利；不争故不可得而害。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而利" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "不可得而利", "kind": "note", "text": "恬淡無欲，不可得從而利之；處不競之地，故不可得犯而害之。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "恬淡无欲，不可得从而利之；处不竞之地，故不可得犯而害之。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而利" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "不可得而貴", "kind": "note", "text": "體道自然，故不可得而貴；洗然無滓，故不可得而賤矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "体道自然，故不可得而贵；洗然无滓，故不可得而贱矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而贵" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "不可得而貴", "kind": "note", "text": "體道自然，非爵祿所榮貴也；超然絕累，非凡俗所得賤也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "体道自然，非爵禄所荣贵也；超然绝累，非凡俗所得贱也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而贵" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "故為天下貴", "kind": "note", "text": "體了無滯，言忘理暢，鋭紛盡解，光塵亦同；既難親疏，不可貴賤爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "体了无滞，言忘理畅，锐纷尽解，光尘亦同；既难亲疏，不可贵贱尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "故为天下贵" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "故為天下貴", "kind": "note", "text": "玄同之士，悟理忘言，塞兌閉門，根塵無染，鋭紛既解，光塵亦同，其行如此，故為天下之所尊貴也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "玄同之士，悟理忘言，塞兑闭门，根尘无染，锐纷既解，光尘亦同，其行如此，故为天下之所尊贵也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "故为天下贵" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知者不言，得意忘言，悟理遺教；言者不知，多言則喪道，執教則失真。", "authorNote": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "知者不言，得意忘言，悟理遗教；言者不知，多言则丧道，执教则失真。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "杜欲路，絕禍源。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "杜欲路，绝祸源。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "挫其鋭，解其紛，折食欲之鋒，釋是非之爭也；和其光，同其塵，是謂玄同。爭得失則或可或否，競是非則一彼一此；今和光則與智無分，同塵亦共愚不別；通萬有而齊致，亦何法而不同也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "挫其锐，解其纷，折食欲之锋，释是非之争也；和其光，同其尘，是谓玄同。争得失则或可或否，竞是非则一彼一此；今和光则与智无分，同尘亦共愚不别；通万有而齐致，亦何法而不同也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "夫有遠近則親疏明矣，存得失則利害生矣，定上下則貴賤成矣。今解紛挫鋭、和光同塵，愛憎平等，親疏不能入；毀譽齊一，利害不能干；榮辱同忘，貴賤無由得。能行此者，可以為天下貴。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "夫有远近则亲疏明矣，存得失则利害生矣，定上下则贵贱成矣。今解纷挫锐、和光同尘，爱憎平等，亲疏不能入；毁誉齐一，利害不能干；荣辱同忘，贵贱无由得。能行此者，可以为天下贵。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知道者以心而不以辯，譚道者以辯而不以心，故大丈夫去彼辯說，取此心悟。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知道者以心而不以辩，谭道者以辩而不以心，故大丈夫去彼辩说，取此心悟。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "塞其嗜欲之端，閉其云為之路，挫俗情之鋒銳，解世故之紛糺，上和光而不皦，下同塵而不昩，是謂微妙玄通，與物大同者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "塞其嗜欲之端，闭其云为之路，挫俗情之锋锐，解世故之纷𫄙，上和光而不皦，下同尘而不昩，是谓微妙玄通，与物大同者也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "上交於道而不諂，故不可得而親暱；下交於器而不瀆，故亦不可得而疏隔；澹泊無欲，故不可得而利誘；卑順不爭，故亦不可得而陷害；處上而不重，故不可得而貴寵；處卑而不汙，故不可得而鄙賤；道德自尊，非人使然，此所以為天下之至貴。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "上交于道而不谄，故不可得而亲暱；下交于器而不渎，故亦不可得而疏隔；澹泊无欲，故不可得而利诱；卑顺不争，故亦不可得而陷害；处上而不重，故不可得而贵宠；处卑而不污，故不可得而鄙贱；道德自尊，非人使然，此所以为天下之至贵。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "知至於知常，則知之至也；知之至則默而成之而无不理也，何所容心哉？苟為不能无言，則不能无我，雖知之非真知者也，故曰知者不言，言者不知。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知至于知常，则知之至也；知之至则默而成之而无不理也，何所容心哉？苟为不能无言，则不能无我，虽知之非真知者也，故曰知者不言，言者不知。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "言者不知", "kind": "note", "text": "然則知道者固終不言。故曰今以言言道，則言非道也；而知者乃以言為知，則是知知矣。斯言所以不得不出也，以其言出於无言，雖言猶不言也，夫道豈默然也哉？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "然则知道者固终不言。故曰今以言言道，则言非道也；而知者乃以言为知，则是知知矣。斯言所以不得不出也，以其言出于无言，虽言犹不言也，夫道岂默然也哉？", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "言者不知" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "塞其兌", "kind": "note", "text": "塞其兌，閉其門，挫其鋭，解其紛，和其光，同其塵，是謂玄同，則默而成之之道也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "塞其兑，闭其门，挫其锐，解其纷，和其光，同其尘，是谓玄同，则默而成之之道也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "塞其兑" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "若然者，萬物一府，死生同狀，无所甚親，无所甚疏，故不可得而親，不可得而疏；不就利，不違害，故不可得而利，不可得而害；不榮通，不醜窮，故不可得而貴，不可得而賤。夫可得而親疏利害貴賤者，則貴在於物而物能賤之；不可得而親疏利害貴賤者，貴在於我而物不能賤也，其為天下貴不亦宜乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "若然者，万物一府，死生同状，无所甚亲，无所甚疏，故不可得而亲，不可得而疏；不就利，不违害，故不可得而利，不可得而害；不荣通，不丑穷，故不可得而贵，不可得而贱。夫可得而亲疏利害贵贱者，则贵在于物而物能贱之；不可得而亲疏利害贵贱者，贵在于我而物不能贱也，其为天下贵不亦宜乎？", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "道非言說，亦不離言說。然能知者未必言，能言者未必知；唯塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內者，默然不言而與道同矣。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "道非言说，亦不离言说。然能知者未必言，能言者未必知；唯塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内者，默然不言而与道同矣。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "可得而親則可得而疏，可得而利則可得而害，可得而貴則可得而賤；體道者均覆萬物而孰為親疏，等觀逆順而孰為利害，不知榮辱而孰為貴賤，情計之所不及，此所以天下貴也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "可得而亲则可得而疏，可得而利则可得而害，可得而贵则可得而贱；体道者均覆万物而孰为亲疏，等观逆顺而孰为利害，不知荣辱而孰为贵贱，情计之所不及，此所以天下贵也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "此愛身存我也。以言耗氣，不知道也；知道者不言，必先塞其言所從出之兌，而後能閉其氣所從出之門。", "authorNote": "此章為其第四十八章。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "此爱身存我也。以言耗气，不知道也；知道者不言，必先塞其言所从出之兑，而后能闭其气所从出之门。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（此章為其第四十八章。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章为其第四十八章。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c057", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "挫其銳", "kind": "note", "text": "此處世應物也。先自鈍其銳以不鋭解人之紛結，先自暗其光以不光同人之塵昏；在己在人之鋭鈍光暗，兩無分别，與世齊同，妙不可測，故曰玄同。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "此处世应物也。先自钝其锐以不锐解人之纷结，先自暗其光以不光同人之尘昏；在己在人之锐钝光暗，两无分别，与世齐同，妙不可测，故曰玄同。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "挫其锐" }, { "id": "c058", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "我既玄同，則人不能親疏利害貴賤我矣。恩雖如骨肉而人與之相忘，不可得而親也；邈然如塗人而人不忍相遠，不可得而疏也；外名位貨財而人莫能相益，不可得而利也；外死生禍福而人莫能相損，不可得而害也；勢雖如君長而人與之相狎，不可得而貴也；眇然如匹夫而人不敢相慢，不可得而賤也。凡此六者，人所不能，己獨能之，故為天下之最可貴。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "我既玄同，则人不能亲疏利害贵贱我矣。恩虽如骨肉而人与之相忘，不可得而亲也；邈然如涂人而人不忍相远，不可得而疏也；外名位货财而人莫能相益，不可得而利也；外死生祸福而人莫能相损，不可得而害也；势虽如君长而人与之相狎，不可得而贵也；眇然如匹夫而人不敢相慢，不可得而贱也。凡此六者，人所不能，己独能之，故为天下之最可贵。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c059", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "此言聖人所以為天下貴者，以其善得所養，妙契忘言，而能與道玄同也。謂聖人自知之明，故善能含養於心，而不形於言，以自知之真，言有所不及也；若夫常人嘵嘵資於口談者，皆非真知者也。故曰知者不言，言者不知。下言養之之方：兌為口、為說，謂聖人緘默自守，不事口舌，故曰塞其兌；不事耳目之玩，故曰閉其門；遇物渾圓，不露鋒芒，故曰挫其銳；心體湛寂，釋然無慮，故曰解其紛，紛謂紛紜雜想也；含光斂耀，順物忘懷，故曰和其光、同其塵。此非妙契玄微者不能也，故曰是謂玄同。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "此言圣人所以为天下贵者，以其善得所养，妙契忘言，而能与道玄同也。谓圣人自知之明，故善能含养于心，而不形于言，以自知之真，言有所不及也；若夫常人哓哓资于口谈者，皆非真知者也。故曰知者不言，言者不知。下言养之之方：兑为口、为说，谓圣人缄默自守，不事口舌，故曰塞其兑；不事耳目之玩，故曰闭其门；遇物浑圆，不露锋芒，故曰挫其锐；心体湛寂，释然无虑，故曰解其纷，纷谓纷纭杂想也；含光敛耀，顺物忘怀，故曰和其光、同其尘。此非妙契玄微者不能也，故曰是谓玄同。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》（公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c060", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人造道之妙，大而化之至於此，其心超然塵表，故不可得而親；精誠動物，使人見而不能舍，故不可得而疏；淡然無欲，故不可得而利；妙出死生，故不可得而害；視王侯之如隙塵，故不可得而貴；披褐懷玉，故不可得而賤。以其聖人迹寄寰中，心超物表，不在親疏利害貴賤之間，此其所以為天下貴也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "圣人造道之妙，大而化之至于此，其心超然尘表，故不可得而亲；精诚动物，使人见而不能舍，故不可得而疏；淡然无欲，故不可得而利；妙出死生，故不可得而害；视王侯之如隙尘，故不可得而贵；披褐怀玉，故不可得而贱。以其圣人迹寄寰中，心超物表，不在亲疏利害贵贱之间，此其所以为天下贵也。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》（公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c061", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "人之相接，或以言親，或以貌疏。塞兌閉門，無可欣厭，則不可得而親疏矣；銳以爭利，紛以取害，挫銳解紛，則不求利而害亦不至矣；光貴塵賤，和而同之，則不自貴而人亦不得賤之矣。貴在於我而不在人，則常物物而不物於物，故為天下之至貴。塞兌閉門，言其愛身存我也；挫銳解紛、和光同塵，言其處世應物也。忘物我，混內外，則玄同乎道矣。", "authorNote": "此章為其第四十九章。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "人之相接，或以言亲，或以貌疏。塞兑闭门，无可欣厌，则不可得而亲疏矣；锐以争利，纷以取害，挫锐解纷，则不求利而害亦不至矣；光贵尘贱，和而同之，则不自贵而人亦不得贱之矣。贵在于我而不在人，则常物物而不物于物，故为天下之至贵。塞兑闭门，言其爱身存我也；挫锐解纷、和光同尘，言其处世应物也。忘物我，混内外，则玄同乎道矣。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此章為其第四十九章。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章为其第四十九章。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c062", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "未能玄同者，同乎此則異乎彼，同乎始未必不異乎卒；當其同也，則親之利之貴之，及其異也，則疏之害之賤之。玄同之人，無所為同也，安有所謂異？政不得而親疏利害貴賤之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "未能玄同者，同乎此则异乎彼，同乎始未必不异乎卒；当其同也，则亲之利之贵之，及其异也，则疏之害之贱之。玄同之人，无所为同也，安有所谓异？政不得而亲疏利害贵贱之也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c063", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "李嘉謨曰：塞兌以謹其出，閉門以閑其入，挫銳以治其內，解紛以理其外，和光以抑其在己，同塵以隨其在物。如此則無出無入，無內無外，無我無物，是謂玄同。既得其同，則謂之親而遠，謂之疏而近，謂之利而不喜，謂之害而不懼，謂之貴而不高，謂之賤而不一，故凡物不足以擬之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "李嘉谟曰：塞兑以谨其出，闭门以闲其入，挫锐以治其内，解纷以理其外，和光以抑其在己，同尘以随其在物。如此则无出无入，无内无外，无我无物，是谓玄同。既得其同，则谓之亲而远，谓之疏而近，谓之利而不喜，谓之害而不惧，谓之贵而不高，谓之贱而不一，故凡物不足以拟之也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" }, { "id": "c064", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "知者不言", "kind": "note", "text": "非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離。嚴君平曰：五味在口，五音在耳，如甘非甘，如苦非苦，如商非商，如羽非羽，而昜牙、師曠能别之；音味尚爾，況妙道乎？至人之游處，顯則與萬物共其本，晦則與虛無混其根，語默隨時而不殊，卮言日出而應變，足以謂之玄同也。", "authorNote": "此章標「五十六章」。", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离。严君平曰：五味在口，五音在耳，如甘非甘，如苦非苦，如商非商，如羽非羽，而昜牙、师旷能别之；音味尚尔，况妙道乎？至人之游处，显则与万物共其本，晦则与虚无混其根，语默随时而不殊，卮言日出而应变，足以谓之玄同也。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）（此章標「五十六章」。）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》（公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章标「五十六章」。", "lemmaSimp": "知者不言" }, { "id": "c065", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "不可得而親", "kind": "note", "text": "即之則大似不肖，違之又不出于此。雨不能濡空使有生，日不能暵空使有熱。貴賤者名也，繇貴有賤；無名則無貴而無賤。夫將同其所同，則亦異其所異：同者我貴之，而或賤之；異者我賤之，而或貴之，何也？以我之貴，知或之賤；以我之賤，知或之貴也。唯不犯物者，物亦不犯我；非不犯也，物固莫能犯之也。因而靡之，坐而老之，使明如列炬，暗如窌土，銳如干將，紛如亂絲，一聽其是非之無極，終不爭同己以為貴，乃冒天下之上，以視天下短長之命。玄乎！玄乎！而何言之足建乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "即之则大似不肖，违之又不出于此。雨不能濡空使有生，日不能暵空使有热。贵贱者名也，繇贵有贱；无名则无贵而无贱。夫将同其所同，则亦异其所异：同者我贵之，而或贱之；异者我贱之，而或贵之，何也？以我之贵，知或之贱；以我之贱，知或之贵也。唯不犯物者，物亦不犯我；非不犯也，物固莫能犯之也。因而靡之，坐而老之，使明如列炬，暗如窌土，锐如干将，纷如乱丝，一听其是非之无极，终不争同己以为贵，乃冒天下之上，以视天下短长之命。玄乎！玄乎！而何言之足建乎？", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》（公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "不可得而亲" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 4, "char": "知者不言", "charSimp": "知者不言", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "zhī zhě bù yán", "gloss": "真正知道的人不靠言語立說。", "glossSimp": "真正知道的人不靠言语立说。", "general": "河上公謂知者貴行不貴言；王弼謂因自然也；成玄英謂知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；唐玄宗謂了悟者得理而忘言；李榮謂得意忘言、悟理遺教；陸希聲謂知道者以心而不以辯。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓知者贵行不贵言；王弼谓因自然也；成玄英谓知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」；唐玄宗谓了悟者得理而忘言；李荣谓得意忘言、悟理遗教；陆希声谓知道者以心而不以辩。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c016", "c020", "c028", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c059", "c061" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c016", "c020", "c028", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c059", "c061" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 5, "end": 9, "char": "言者不知", "charSimp": "言者不知", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "yán zhě bù zhī", "gloss": "誇誇其談的人其實並不知道。", "glossSimp": "夸夸其谈的人其实并不知道。", "general": "河上公謂駟不及舌、多言多患；王弼謂造事端也；成玄英謂封滯名言、執言求理則不知；唐玄宗謂辯說者滯言而不悟；李榮謂多言喪道、執教失真；陸希聲謂譚道者以辯而不以心。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓驷不及舌、多言多患；王弼谓造事端也；成玄英谓封滞名言、执言求理则不知；唐玄宗谓辩说者滞言而不悟；李荣谓多言丧道、执教失真；陆希声谓谭道者以辩而不以心。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c016", "c020", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c051", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c016", "c020", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c051", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 5, "end": 6, "char": "親", "charSimp": "亲", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 6, "pinyin": "qīn", "gloss": "親近、使之親近。", "glossSimp": "亲近、使之亲近。", "general": "河上公謂不以榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，故不可得而親；王弼謂可得而親則可得而疏；成玄英謂兩忘物我、一觀親疏；唐玄宗謂玄同無私故不可得親；李榮謂愛憎平等，親疏不能入；陸希聲謂上交於道而不諂，故不可得而親暱；蘇轍謂均覆萬物而孰為親疏。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不以荣誉为乐、独立为哀，故不可得而亲；王弼谓可得而亲则可得而疏；成玄英谓两忘物我、一观亲疏；唐玄宗谓玄同无私故不可得亲；李荣谓爱憎平等，亲疏不能入；陆希声谓上交于道而不谄，故不可得而亲暱；苏辙谓均覆万物而孰为亲疏。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c024", "c035", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c024", "c035", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 0, "end": 3, "char": "塞其兌", "charSimp": "塞其兑", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "sè qí duì", "gloss": "堵塞嗜欲的孔竅，此指緘默不言。", "glossSimp": "堵塞嗜欲的孔窍，此指缄默不言。", "general": "河上公謂塞閉之者欲絕其源；成玄英謂息言論；唐玄宗謂於法無愛染、於言無執滯；陸希聲謂塞嗜欲之端；吳澄謂先塞其言所從出之兌。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓塞闭之者欲绝其源；成玄英谓息言论；唐玄宗谓于法无爱染、于言无执滞；陆希声谓塞嗜欲之端；吴澄谓先塞其言所从出之兑。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c044", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c044", "c048", "c056", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 4, "end": 7, "char": "閉其門", "charSimp": "闭其门", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "bì qí mén", "gloss": "關閉嗜欲的門戶。", "glossSimp": "关闭嗜欲的门户。", "general": "河上公謂塞閉之者欲絕其源；成玄英謂制六情；唐玄宗謂嗜欲之門閉；陸希聲謂閉其云為之路；吳澄謂閉其氣所從出之門。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓塞闭之者欲绝其源；成玄英谓制六情；唐玄宗谓嗜欲之门闭；陆希声谓闭其云为之路；吴澄谓闭其气所从出之门。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c048", "c056", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 3, "char": "挫其銳", "charSimp": "挫其锐", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "cuò qí ruì", "gloss": "磨去鋒芒，收斂銳氣。", "glossSimp": "磨去锋芒，收敛锐气。", "general": "河上公謂情欲有所銳為，當念道無為以挫止之；王弼謂含守質也；成玄英謂止貪競；李榮謂折食欲之鋒；陸希聲謂挫俗情之鋒銳；吳澄謂先自鈍其銳。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓情欲有所锐为，当念道无为以挫止之；王弼谓含守质也；成玄英谓止贪竞；李荣谓折食欲之锋；陆希声谓挫俗情之锋锐；吴澄谓先自钝其锐。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c017", "c022", "c032", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c017", "c022", "c032", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 4, "end": 7, "char": "解其分", "charSimp": "解其分", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 7, "pinyin": "jiě qí fēn", "gloss": "王弼本作「分」，諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "glossSimp": "王弼本作「分」，诸本作「纷」；消解纷争、结恨。", "general": "河上公謂忿結恨不休，當念道恬泊以解釋之；王弼謂除爭原也；成玄英謂釋恚怒；李榮謂釋是非之爭；陸希聲謂解世故之紛糺。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓忿结恨不休，当念道恬泊以解释之；王弼谓除争原也；成玄英谓释恚怒；李荣谓释是非之争；陆希声谓解世故之纷𫄙。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c005", "c017", "c022", "c033", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c005", "c017", "c022", "c033", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 8, "end": 11, "char": "和其光", "charSimp": "和其光", "startSimp": 8, "endSimp": 11, "pinyin": "hé qí guāng", "gloss": "收斂光耀，與眾混同。", "glossSimp": "收敛光耀，与众混同。", "general": "河上公謂雖有獨見之明，當和之闇昧，不使曜亂人；王弼謂無所特顯，則物無偏爭；成玄英謂接愚俗；李榮謂與智無分；陸希聲謂上和光而不皦。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓虽有独见之明，当和之暗昧，不使曜乱人；王弼谓无所特显，则物无偏争；成玄英谓接愚俗；李荣谓与智无分；陆希声谓上和光而不皦。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 12, "end": 15, "char": "同其塵", "charSimp": "同其尘", "startSimp": 12, "endSimp": 15, "pinyin": "tóng qí chén", "gloss": "混同塵俗，不自標異。", "glossSimp": "混同尘俗，不自标异。", "general": "河上公謂不當自別殊；王弼謂無所特賤，則物無偏恥；成玄英謂混世事；李榮謂共愚不別；陸希聲謂下同塵而不昩。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不当自别殊；王弼谓无所特贱，则物无偏耻；成玄英谓混世事；李荣谓共愚不别；陆希声谓下同尘而不昩。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "玄同", "charSimp": "玄同", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "xuán tóng", "gloss": "與玄道混同，泯除差別。", "glossSimp": "与玄道混同，泯除差别。", "general": "河上公謂玄，天也，與天同道；成玄英謂行充德滿、與玄理符同；唐玄宗謂與玄同德；呂惠卿謂默而成之之道；吳澄謂兩無分別、與世齊同、妙不可測。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓玄，天也，与天同道；成玄英谓行充德满、与玄理符同；唐玄宗谓与玄同德；吕惠卿谓默而成之之道；吴澄谓两无分别、与世齐同、妙不可测。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c008", "c023", "c034", "c042", "c052", "c061" ], "refsSimp": [ "c008", "c023", "c034", "c042", "c052", "c061" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 11, "end": 12, "char": "疏", "charSimp": "疏", "startSimp": 11, "endSimp": 12, "pinyin": "shū", "gloss": "疏遠。", "glossSimp": "疏远。", "general": "王弼謂可得而親則可得而疏；成玄英謂兩忘物我、一觀親疏；唐玄宗謂和光順物，不可得疏而遠之；蘇轍謂均覆萬物而孰為親疏；吳澄謂邈然如塗人而人不忍相遠。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓可得而亲则可得而疏；成玄英谓两忘物我、一观亲疏；唐玄宗谓和光顺物，不可得疏而远之；苏辙谓均覆万物而孰为亲疏；吴澄谓邈然如涂人而人不忍相远。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c010", "c018", "c024", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c018", "c024", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 4, "end": 5, "char": "利", "charSimp": "利", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "lì", "gloss": "利誘、利益。", "glossSimp": "利诱、利益。", "general": "河上公謂身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；王弼謂可得而利則可得而害；成玄英謂死生無變於己，況利害之間；唐玄宗謂恬淡無欲，不可得從而利之。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓身不欲富贵、口不欲五味；王弼谓可得而利则可得而害；成玄英谓死生无变于己，况利害之间；唐玄宗谓恬淡无欲，不可得从而利之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c011", "c018", "c025", "c037", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c011", "c018", "c025", "c037", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ] }, { "id": "n013", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 4, "end": 5, "char": "貴", "charSimp": "贵", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "guì", "gloss": "尊貴、使之尊貴。", "glossSimp": "尊贵、使之尊贵。", "general": "河上公謂不為亂世主、不處闇君位；王弼謂可得而貴則可得而賤；成玄英謂毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚；唐玄宗謂體道自然，非爵祿所榮貴。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不为乱世主、不处暗君位；王弼谓可得而贵则可得而贱；成玄英谓毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊；唐玄宗谓体道自然，非爵禄所荣贵。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c013", "c018", "c026", "c039", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c013", "c018", "c026", "c039", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ] }, { "id": "n014", "sentenceId": "s008", "start": 2, "end": 5, "char": "天下貴", "charSimp": "天下贵", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "tiān xià guì", "gloss": "天下所尊貴。", "glossSimp": "天下所尊贵。", "general": "河上公謂天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈；王弼謂無物可以加之；成玄英謂蒼生荷戴、群品樂推；唐玄宗謂為天下之所尊貴；陸希聲謂道德自尊、非人使然。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈；王弼谓无物可以加之；成玄英谓苍生荷戴、群品乐推；唐玄宗谓为天下之所尊贵；陆希声谓道德自尊、非人使然。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c015", "c019", "c027", "c041", "c042", "c046", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c065" ], "refsSimp": [ "c015", "c019", "c027", "c041", "c042", "c046", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c065" ] } ], "glossary": { "玄德": "河上公本章章題。", "知者不言章": "《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿本章章題。", "知者不言": "真正知道的人不靠言語立說。", "言者不知": "誇誇其談的人其實並不知道。", "兌": "孔竅；此處指口，喻言語與嗜欲之門。", "塞其兌": "堵塞嗜欲的孔竅，此指緘默不言。", "閉其門": "關閉嗜欲的門戶。", "挫其銳": "磨去鋒芒，收斂銳氣。", "解其分": "王弼本作「分」，諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "解其紛": "諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "和其光": "收斂光耀，與眾混同。", "同其塵": "混同塵俗，不自標異。", "玄同": "與玄道混同，泯除差別。", "親": "親近。", "疏": "「疏」的異體寫法；魏源《老子本義》作「疏」。", "踈": "「疏」的異體寫法；河上公四部叢刊本作「踈」。", "利": "利誘、利益。", "害": "禍害、損害。", "貴": "尊貴、使之尊貴。", "賤": "卑賤、使之卑賤。", "天下貴": "天下所尊貴。", "亦": "河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字。", "道沖章": "《老子》第四章；唐玄宗御疏謂此四句已出上經道沖章。", "天下有始章": "《老子》第五十二章；唐玄宗御疏謂塞兌閉門具如彼章所釋。", "重出": "此四句已見上經第四章，成玄英、唐玄宗並謂重言以明學問切當、濟物修身之義。", "嚴君平": "嚴遵，字君平，漢代《老子指歸》作者；王夫之《老子衍》引其語。", "李嘉謨": "魏源《老子本義》所引諸家之一。", "傅奕": "傅奕《道德經古本》；魏源注引其異文。", "三業": "身業、口業、意業；此章諸家未以三業分疏。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "王弼本無章題。河上公題「玄德第五十六」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「知者不言章第五十六」；吳澄以此章為其第四十八章；魏源以此章為其第四十九章；王夫之標「五十六章」。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、蘇轍《老子解》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼本无章题。河上公题「玄德第五十六」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「知者不言章第五十六」；吴澄以此章为其第四十八章；魏源以此章为其第四十九章；王夫之标「五十六章」。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、苏辙《老子解》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "底本與分句", "text": "王弼道藏本轉錄正文作「知者不言，言者不知。塞其兌，閉其門，挫其鋭，解其分，和其光，同其塵，是謂玄同。故不可得而親，不可得而䟽，不可得而利，不可得而害，不可得而貴，不可得而賤，故為天下貴」，本站分八句，並依文義統一作「疏」。諸本分章並同，惟「分」「紛」、「疏」「䟽」「踈」「疏」及有無「亦」字、「故」字為異。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼道藏本转录正文作「知者不言，言者不知。塞其兑，闭其门，挫其锐，解其分，和其光，同其尘，是谓玄同。故不可得而亲，不可得而䟽，不可得而利，不可得而害，不可得而贵，不可得而贱，故为天下贵」，本站分八句，并依文义统一作「疏」。诸本分章并同，惟「分」「纷」、「疏」「䟽」「踈」「疏」及有无「亦」字、「故」字为异。", "headwordSimp": "底本与分句", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "「解其分」與「解其紛」", "text": "王弼道藏本正文作「解其分」，王弼注亦作「解其分，除爭原也」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之正文並作「解其紛」。魏源注云「紛，王弼作分，別本作忿」。本站從王弼道藏本作「解其分」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼道藏本正文作「解其分」，王弼注亦作「解其分，除争原也」；河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之正文并作「解其纷」。魏源注云「纷，王弼作分，别本作忿」。本站从王弼道藏本作「解其分」。", "headwordSimp": "「解其分」与「解其纷」", "sourceSimp": 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"《老子》第五十二章；唐玄宗御疏谓塞兑闭门具如彼章所释。", "重出": "此四句已见上经第四章，成玄英、唐玄宗并谓重言以明学问切当、济物修身之义。", "严君平": "严遵，字君平，汉代《老子指归》作者；王夫之《老子衍》引其语。", "李嘉谟": "魏源《老子本义》所引诸家之一。", "傅奕": "傅奕《道德经古本》；魏源注引其异文。", "三业": "身业、口业、意业；此章诸家未以三业分疏。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "知者不言", "headwordSimp": "知者不言", "pinyin": "zhī zhě bù yán", "gloss": "真正知道的人不靠言語立說。", "glossSimp": "真正知道的人不靠言语立说。", "general": "河上公謂知者貴行不貴言；王弼謂因自然也；成玄英謂知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；唐玄宗謂了悟者得理而忘言；李榮謂得意忘言、悟理遺教；陸希聲謂知道者以心而不以辯。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓知者贵行不贵言；王弼谓因自然也；成玄英谓知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」；唐玄宗谓了悟者得理而忘言；李荣谓得意忘言、悟理遗教；陆希声谓知道者以心而不以辩。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c016", "c020", "c028", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c059", "c061" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c016", "c020", "c028", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c059", "c061" ], "forms": [ { "form": "知者不言", "formSimp": "知者不言", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "言者不知", "headwordSimp": "言者不知", "pinyin": "yán zhě bù zhī", "gloss": "誇誇其談的人其實並不知道。", "glossSimp": "夸夸其谈的人其实并不知道。", "general": "河上公謂駟不及舌、多言多患；王弼謂造事端也；成玄英謂封滯名言、執言求理則不知；唐玄宗謂辯說者滯言而不悟；李榮謂多言喪道、執教失真；陸希聲謂譚道者以辯而不以心。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓驷不及舌、多言多患；王弼谓造事端也；成玄英谓封滞名言、执言求理则不知；唐玄宗谓辩说者滞言而不悟；李荣谓多言丧道、执教失真；陆希声谓谭道者以辩而不以心。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c016", "c020", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c051", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c016", "c020", "c029", "c043", "c047", "c050", "c051", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "言者不知", "formSimp": "言者不知", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "親", "headwordSimp": "亲", "pinyin": "qīn", "gloss": "親近、使之親近。", "glossSimp": "亲近、使之亲近。", "general": "河上公謂不以榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，故不可得而親；王弼謂可得而親則可得而疏；成玄英謂兩忘物我、一觀親疏；唐玄宗謂玄同無私故不可得親；李榮謂愛憎平等，親疏不能入；陸希聲謂上交於道而不諂，故不可得而親暱；蘇轍謂均覆萬物而孰為親疏。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不以荣誉为乐、独立为哀，故不可得而亲；王弼谓可得而亲则可得而疏；成玄英谓两忘物我、一观亲疏；唐玄宗谓玄同无私故不可得亲；李荣谓爱憎平等，亲疏不能入；陆希声谓上交于道而不谄，故不可得而亲暱；苏辙谓均覆万物而孰为亲疏。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c024", "c035", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c024", "c035", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c062" ], "forms": [ { "form": "親", "formSimp": "亲", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "塞其兌", "headwordSimp": "塞其兑", "pinyin": "sè qí duì", "gloss": "堵塞嗜欲的孔竅，此指緘默不言。", "glossSimp": "堵塞嗜欲的孔窍，此指缄默不言。", "general": "河上公謂塞閉之者欲絕其源；成玄英謂息言論；唐玄宗謂於法無愛染、於言無執滯；陸希聲謂塞嗜欲之端；吳澄謂先塞其言所從出之兌。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓塞闭之者欲绝其源；成玄英谓息言论；唐玄宗谓于法无爱染、于言无执滞；陆希声谓塞嗜欲之端；吴澄谓先塞其言所从出之兑。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c044", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c044", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "塞其兌", "formSimp": "塞其兑", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "閉其門", "headwordSimp": "闭其门", "pinyin": "bì qí mén", "gloss": "關閉嗜欲的門戶。", "glossSimp": "关闭嗜欲的门户。", "general": "河上公謂塞閉之者欲絕其源；成玄英謂制六情；唐玄宗謂嗜欲之門閉；陸希聲謂閉其云為之路；吳澄謂閉其氣所從出之門。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓塞闭之者欲绝其源；成玄英谓制六情；唐玄宗谓嗜欲之门闭；陆希声谓闭其云为之路；吴澄谓闭其气所从出之门。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c021", "c030", "c031", "c048", "c056", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "閉其門", "formSimp": "闭其门", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "挫其銳", "headwordSimp": "挫其锐", "pinyin": "cuò qí ruì", "gloss": "磨去鋒芒，收斂銳氣。", "glossSimp": "磨去锋芒，收敛锐气。", "general": "河上公謂情欲有所銳為，當念道無為以挫止之；王弼謂含守質也；成玄英謂止貪競；李榮謂折食欲之鋒；陸希聲謂挫俗情之鋒銳；吳澄謂先自鈍其銳。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓情欲有所锐为，当念道无为以挫止之；王弼谓含守质也；成玄英谓止贪竞；李荣谓折食欲之锋；陆希声谓挫俗情之锋锐；吴澄谓先自钝其锐。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c017", "c022", "c032", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c017", "c022", "c032", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "挫其銳", "formSimp": "挫其锐", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "解其分", "headwordSimp": "解其分", "pinyin": "jiě qí fēn", "gloss": "王弼本作「分」，諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "glossSimp": "王弼本作「分」，诸本作「纷」；消解纷争、结恨。", "general": "河上公謂忿結恨不休，當念道恬泊以解釋之；王弼謂除爭原也；成玄英謂釋恚怒；李榮謂釋是非之爭；陸希聲謂解世故之紛糺。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓忿结恨不休，当念道恬泊以解释之；王弼谓除争原也；成玄英谓释恚怒；李荣谓释是非之争；陆希声谓解世故之纷𫄙。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c005", "c017", "c022", "c033", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c005", "c017", "c022", "c033", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c057", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "解其分", "formSimp": "解其分", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "和其光", "headwordSimp": "和其光", "pinyin": "hé qí guāng", "gloss": "收斂光耀，與眾混同。", "glossSimp": "收敛光耀，与众混同。", "general": "河上公謂雖有獨見之明，當和之闇昧，不使曜亂人；王弼謂無所特顯，則物無偏爭；成玄英謂接愚俗；李榮謂與智無分；陸希聲謂上和光而不皦。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓虽有独见之明，当和之暗昧，不使曜乱人；王弼谓无所特显，则物无偏争；成玄英谓接愚俗；李荣谓与智无分；陆希声谓上和光而不皦。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "和其光", "formSimp": "和其光", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "同其塵", "headwordSimp": "同其尘", "pinyin": "tóng qí chén", "gloss": "混同塵俗，不自標異。", "glossSimp": "混同尘俗，不自标异。", "general": "河上公謂不當自別殊；王弼謂無所特賤，則物無偏恥；成玄英謂混世事；李榮謂共愚不別；陸希聲謂下同塵而不昩。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不当自别殊；王弼谓无所特贱，则物无偏耻；成玄英谓混世事；李荣谓共愚不别；陆希声谓下同尘而不昩。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c007", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "refsSimp": [ "c007", "c017", "c022", "c045", "c048", "c052", "c059" ], "forms": [ { "form": "同其塵", "formSimp": "同其尘", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "玄同", "headwordSimp": "玄同", "pinyin": "xuán tóng", "gloss": "與玄道混同，泯除差別。", "glossSimp": "与玄道混同，泯除差别。", "general": "河上公謂玄，天也，與天同道；成玄英謂行充德滿、與玄理符同；唐玄宗謂與玄同德；呂惠卿謂默而成之之道；吳澄謂兩無分別、與世齊同、妙不可測。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓玄，天也，与天同道；成玄英谓行充德满、与玄理符同；唐玄宗谓与玄同德；吕惠卿谓默而成之之道；吴澄谓两无分别、与世齐同、妙不可测。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c008", "c023", "c034", "c042", "c052", "c061" ], "refsSimp": [ "c008", "c023", "c034", "c042", "c052", "c061" ], "forms": [ { "form": "玄同", "formSimp": "玄同", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "疏", "headwordSimp": "疏", "pinyin": "shū", "gloss": "疏遠。", "glossSimp": "疏远。", "general": "王弼謂可得而親則可得而疏；成玄英謂兩忘物我、一觀親疏；唐玄宗謂和光順物，不可得疏而遠之；蘇轍謂均覆萬物而孰為親疏；吳澄謂邈然如塗人而人不忍相遠。", "generalSimp": "王弼谓可得而亲则可得而疏；成玄英谓两忘物我、一观亲疏；唐玄宗谓和光顺物，不可得疏而远之；苏辙谓均覆万物而孰为亲疏；吴澄谓邈然如涂人而人不忍相远。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c010", "c018", "c024", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c018", "c024", "c036", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "forms": [ { "form": "疏", "formSimp": "疏", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "利", "headwordSimp": "利", "pinyin": "lì", "gloss": "利誘、利益。", "glossSimp": "利诱、利益。", "general": "河上公謂身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；王弼謂可得而利則可得而害；成玄英謂死生無變於己，況利害之間；唐玄宗謂恬淡無欲，不可得從而利之。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓身不欲富贵、口不欲五味；王弼谓可得而利则可得而害；成玄英谓死生无变于己，况利害之间；唐玄宗谓恬淡无欲，不可得从而利之。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c011", "c018", "c025", "c037", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c011", "c018", "c025", "c037", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "forms": [ { "form": "利", "formSimp": "利", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 13, "id": "n013", "noteId": "n013", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "貴", "headwordSimp": "贵", "pinyin": "guì", "gloss": "尊貴、使之尊貴。", "glossSimp": "尊贵、使之尊贵。", "general": "河上公謂不為亂世主、不處闇君位；王弼謂可得而貴則可得而賤；成玄英謂毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚；唐玄宗謂體道自然，非爵祿所榮貴。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓不为乱世主、不处暗君位；王弼谓可得而贵则可得而贱；成玄英谓毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊；唐玄宗谓体道自然，非爵禄所荣贵。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c013", "c018", "c026", "c039", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "refsSimp": [ "c013", "c018", "c026", "c039", "c046", "c049", "c055", "c058", "c062" ], "forms": [ { "form": "貴", "formSimp": "贵", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s007", "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007", "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 14, "id": "n014", "noteId": "n014", "sentenceId": "s008", "headword": "天下貴", "headwordSimp": "天下贵", "pinyin": "tiān xià guì", "gloss": "天下所尊貴。", "glossSimp": "天下所尊贵。", "general": "河上公謂天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈；王弼謂無物可以加之；成玄英謂蒼生荷戴、群品樂推；唐玄宗謂為天下之所尊貴；陸希聲謂道德自尊、非人使然。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈；王弼谓无物可以加之；成玄英谓苍生荷戴、群品乐推；唐玄宗谓为天下之所尊贵；陆希声谓道德自尊、非人使然。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c015", "c019", "c027", "c041", "c042", "c046", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c065" ], "refsSimp": [ "c015", "c019", "c027", "c041", "c042", "c046", "c055", "c058", "c060", "c065" ], "forms": [ { "form": "天下貴", "formSimp": "天下贵", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 15, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "玄德", "headwordSimp": "玄德", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "玄德", "formSimp": "玄德", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "知者不言章", "headwordSimp": "知者不言章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿本章章題。", "glossSimp": "《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "知者不言章", "formSimp": "知者不言章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "知者不言", "headwordSimp": "知者不言", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "真正知道的人不靠言語立說。", "glossSimp": "真正知道的人不靠言语立说。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "知者不言", "formSimp": "知者不言", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "言者不知", "headwordSimp": "言者不知", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "誇誇其談的人其實並不知道。", "glossSimp": "夸夸其谈的人其实并不知道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "言者不知", "formSimp": "言者不知", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "兌", "headwordSimp": "兑", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "孔竅；此處指口，喻言語與嗜欲之門。", "glossSimp": "孔窍；此处指口，喻言语与嗜欲之门。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "兌", "formSimp": "兑", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "塞其兌", "headwordSimp": "塞其兑", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "堵塞嗜欲的孔竅，此指緘默不言。", "glossSimp": "堵塞嗜欲的孔窍，此指缄默不言。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "塞其兌", "formSimp": "塞其兑", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "閉其門", "headwordSimp": "闭其门", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "關閉嗜欲的門戶。", "glossSimp": "关闭嗜欲的门户。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "閉其門", "formSimp": "闭其门", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "挫其銳", "headwordSimp": "挫其锐", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "磨去鋒芒，收斂銳氣。", "glossSimp": "磨去锋芒，收敛锐气。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "挫其銳", "formSimp": "挫其锐", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "解其分", "headwordSimp": "解其分", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "王弼本作「分」，諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "glossSimp": "王弼本作「分」，诸本作「纷」；消解纷争、结恨。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "解其分", "formSimp": "解其分", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "解其紛", "headwordSimp": "解其纷", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "諸本作「紛」；消解紛爭、結恨。", "glossSimp": "诸本作「纷」；消解纷争、结恨。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "解其紛", "formSimp": "解其纷", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "和其光", "headwordSimp": "和其光", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "收斂光耀，與眾混同。", "glossSimp": "收敛光耀，与众混同。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "和其光", "formSimp": "和其光", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "同其塵", "headwordSimp": "同其尘", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "混同塵俗，不自標異。", "glossSimp": "混同尘俗，不自标异。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "同其塵", "formSimp": "同其尘", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "玄同", "headwordSimp": "玄同", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "與玄道混同，泯除差別。", "glossSimp": "与玄道混同，泯除差别。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "玄同", "formSimp": "玄同", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "親", "headwordSimp": "亲", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "親近。", "glossSimp": "亲近。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "親", "formSimp": "亲", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "疏", "headwordSimp": "疏", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "「疏」的異體寫法；魏源《老子本義》作「疏」。", "glossSimp": "「疏」的异体写法；魏源《老子本义》作「疏」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "疏", "formSimp": "疏", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 30, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "踈", "headwordSimp": "踈", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "「疏」的異體寫法；河上公四部叢刊本作「踈」。", "glossSimp": "「疏」的异体写法；河上公四部丛刊本作「踈」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "踈", "formSimp": "踈", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 31, "id": "g017", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "利", "headwordSimp": "利", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "利誘、利益。", "glossSimp": "利诱、利益。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "利", "formSimp": "利", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 32, "id": "g018", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "害", "headwordSimp": "害", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "禍害、損害。", "glossSimp": "祸害、损害。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "害", "formSimp": "害", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 33, "id": "g019", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "貴", "headwordSimp": "贵", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "尊貴、使之尊貴。", "glossSimp": "尊贵、使之尊贵。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "貴", "formSimp": "贵", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s007", "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007", "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 34, "id": "g020", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "賤", "headwordSimp": "贱", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "卑賤、使之卑賤。", "glossSimp": "卑贱、使之卑贱。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "賤", "formSimp": "贱", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 35, "id": "g021", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s008", "headword": "天下貴", "headwordSimp": "天下贵", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "天下所尊貴。", "glossSimp": "天下所尊贵。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天下貴", "formSimp": "天下贵", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 36, "id": "g022", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "亦", "headwordSimp": "亦", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字。", "glossSimp": "河上公、陆希声「疏」「害」「贱」三句上有「亦」字。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "亦", "formSimp": "亦", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 37, "id": "g023", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "道沖章", "headwordSimp": "道冲章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "《老子》第四章；唐玄宗御疏謂此四句已出上經道沖章。", "glossSimp": "《老子》第四章；唐玄宗御疏谓此四句已出上经道冲章。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道沖章", "formSimp": "道冲章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 38, "id": "g024", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "天下有始章", "headwordSimp": "天下有始章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "《老子》第五十二章；唐玄宗御疏謂塞兌閉門具如彼章所釋。", "glossSimp": "《老子》第五十二章；唐玄宗御疏谓塞兑闭门具如彼章所释。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天下有始章", "formSimp": "天下有始章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 39, "id": "g025", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "重出", "headwordSimp": "重出", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "此四句已見上經第四章，成玄英、唐玄宗並謂重言以明學問切當、濟物修身之義。", "glossSimp": "此四句已见上经第四章，成玄英、唐玄宗并谓重言以明学问切当、济物修身之义。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "重出", "formSimp": "重出", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 40, "id": "g026", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "嚴君平", "headwordSimp": "严君平", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "嚴遵，字君平，漢代《老子指歸》作者；王夫之《老子衍》引其語。", "glossSimp": "严遵，字君平，汉代《老子指归》作者；王夫之《老子衍》引其语。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "嚴君平", "formSimp": "严君平", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 41, "id": "g027", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "李嘉謨", "headwordSimp": "李嘉谟", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "魏源《老子本義》所引諸家之一。", "glossSimp": "魏源《老子本义》所引诸家之一。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "李嘉謨", "formSimp": "李嘉谟", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 42, "id": "g028", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "傅奕", "headwordSimp": "傅奕", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "傅奕《道德經古本》；魏源注引其異文。", "glossSimp": "傅奕《道德经古本》；魏源注引其异文。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "傅奕", "formSimp": "傅奕", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 43, "id": "g029", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "三業", "headwordSimp": "三业", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "身業、口業、意業；此章諸家未以三業分疏。", "glossSimp": "身业、口业、意业；此章诸家未以三业分疏。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "三業", "formSimp": "三业", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第五十六章八句的十二家對照，為德經第十九章。河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；王弼、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之據公開轉錄本。嚴遵《指歸》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五無輯文，故不列；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。河上公題「玄德」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「知者不言章」，吳澄以此章為其第四十八章，魏源以此章為其第四十九章。知者不言，有貴行、因自然、理無言說、理契言忘、得意忘言、以心不以辯之別；塞兌閉門、挫銳解紛、和光同塵，有絕源制情、處世應物、重出上經之異；玄同，有與天同道、與玄理符同、默成之道、泯除分別之說；不可得而親疏利害貴賤，有無私無欲、齊同物我、貴在於我之解；為天下貴，有天子不得臣、無物加之、道德自尊之辨。", "concepts": [ { "id": "zhi-zhe-bu-yan", "name": "知者不言，言者不知", "nameTrad": "知者不言，言者不知", "question": "「知」何以不在言？言與知何以相妨？", "questionTrad": "「知」何以不在言？言與知何以相妨？", "intro": "河上公以知者貴行不貴言，言者多言多患。王弼以知者因自然，言者造事端。成玄英以知理無言說，故引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；封滯名言則理超言象而不知。唐玄宗御注以知為了悟、言為辭說；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言。李榮以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞。陸希聲以知道者以心而不以辯。呂惠卿以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我；言出於無言，雖言猶不言。蘇轍以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言。吳澄以言耗氣，知道者不言。憨山以聖人自知之明，含養於心而不形於言。魏源以言親貌疏皆落形跡，玄同則無可欣厭。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離。諸家或以言為筌蹄、或以言為耗氣、或以言為事端，大旨皆以真知不滯於言。", "introTrad": "河上公以知者貴行不貴言，言者多言多患。王弼以知者因自然，言者造事端。成玄英以知理無言說，故引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；封滯名言則理超言象而不知。唐玄宗御注以知為了悟、言為辭說；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言。李榮以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞。陸希聲以知道者以心而不以辯。呂惠卿以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我；言出於無言，雖言猶不言。蘇轍以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言。吳澄以言耗氣，知道者不言。憨山以聖人自知之明，含養於心而不形於言。魏源以言親貌疏皆落形跡，玄同則無可欣厭。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離。諸家或以言為筌蹄、或以言為耗氣、或以言為事端，大旨皆以真知不滯於言。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知者貴行不貴言，言者多言多患。", "thesisTrad": "知者貴行不貴言，言者多言多患。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知者贵行不贵言，言者多言多患。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "知者因自然，言者造事端。", "thesisTrad": "知者因自然，言者造事端。", "noteIds": [ "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "知者因自然，言者造事端。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "知理無言說，封滯名言則理超言象而不知。", "thesisTrad": "知理無言說，封滯名言則理超言象而不知。", "noteIds": [ "c020" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "知理无言说，封滞名言则理超言象而不知。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "知為了悟、言為辭說；理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言。", "thesisTrad": "知為了悟、言為辭說；理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辯說者滯言。", "noteIds": [ "c028", "c029" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "知为了悟、言为辞说；理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辩说者滞言。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "得意忘言、悟理遺教；多言喪道、執教失眞。", "thesisTrad": "得意忘言、悟理遺教；多言喪道、執教失眞。", "noteIds": [ "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "得意忘言、悟理遗教；多言丧道、执教失真。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "知道者以心而不以辯，故去辯說、取心悟。", "thesisTrad": "知道者以心而不以辯，故去辯說、取心悟。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "知道者以心而不以辩，故去辩说、取心悟。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "知至則默而成之；不能無言則不能無我。言出於無言，雖言猶不言。", "thesisTrad": "知至則默而成之；不能無言則不能無我。言出於無言，雖言猶不言。", "noteIds": [ "c050", "c051" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "知至则默而成之；不能无言则不能无我。言出于无言，虽言犹不言。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知。", "thesisTrad": "道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言、能言者未必知。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "以言耗氣，不知道也；知道者不言。", "thesisTrad": "以言耗氣，不知道也；知道者不言。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "以言耗气，不知道也；知道者不言。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人自知之明，含養於心而不形於言。", "thesisTrad": "聖人自知之明，含養於心而不形於言。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人自知之明，含养于心而不形于言。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "言親貌疏皆落形跡，玄同則無可欣厭。", "thesisTrad": "言親貌疏皆落形跡，玄同則無可欣厭。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "言亲貌疏皆落形迹，玄同则无可欣厌。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離。", "thesisTrad": "知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離。", "noteIds": [ "c064" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以知者贵行不贵言、言者多言多患立说。" }, { "noteId": "c016", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以因自然、造事端申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以因自然、造事端申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以因自然、造事端申之。" }, { "noteId": "c020", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以理無言說、封滯名言分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以理無言說、封滯名言分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以理无言说、封滞名言分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以知為了悟、言為辭說立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以知為了悟、言為辭說立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以知为了悟、言为辞说立说。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以得意忘言、多言喪道轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以得意忘言、多言喪道轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以得意忘言、多言丧道转进。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以心悟辯說對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以心悟辯說對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以心悟辩说对举。" }, { "noteId": "c050", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以默成、無言猶不言立說。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以默成、無言猶不言立說。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以默成、无言犹不言立说。" }, { "noteId": "c064", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以道無間於合離、嚴君平語別釋。", "textTrad": "王夫之以道無間於合離、嚴君平語別釋。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以道无间于合离、严君平语别释。" } ], "nameSimp": "知者不言，言者不知", "questionSimp": "「知」何以不在言？言与知何以相妨？", "introSimp": "河上公以知者贵行不贵言，言者多言多患。王弼以知者因自然，言者造事端。成玄英以知理无言说，故引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」；封滞名言则理超言象而不知。唐玄宗御注以知为了悟、言为辞说；御疏以理契言忘，故了悟者忘言、辩说者滞言。李荣以得意忘言、悟理遗教，多言丧道、执教失真。陆希声以知道者以心而不以辩。吕惠卿以知至则默而成之，不能无言则不能无我；言出于无言，虽言犹不言。苏辙以道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言。吴澄以言耗气，知道者不言。憨山以圣人自知之明，含养于心而不形于言。魏源以言亲貌疏皆落形迹，玄同则无可欣厌。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离。诸家或以言为筌蹄、或以言为耗气、或以言为事端，大旨皆以真知不滞于言。" }, { "id": "sai-dui-bi-men", "name": "塞其兌，閉其門，挫其銳，解其紛，和其光，同其塵", "nameTrad": "塞其兌，閉其門，挫其銳，解其紛，和其光，同其塵", "question": "「塞兌閉門」與「挫銳解紛、和光同塵」是修養的哪兩個層次？", "questionTrad": "「塞兌閉門」與「挫銳解紛、和光同塵」是修養的哪兩個層次？", "intro": "河上公以塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別。王弼以挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥。成玄英以塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事。唐玄宗御注以塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以約道、約人分釋，謂四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義。李榮以杜欲路、絕禍源，折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭。陸希聲以塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛。呂惠卿以玄同即默成之道。蘇轍以塞兌閉門杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵治其內。吳澄以塞兌閉門為愛身存我，挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物。憨山以兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想。魏源以塞兌閉門愛身存我、挫銳解紛和光同塵處世應物，忘物我、混內外則玄同。王夫之以道無間於合離。諸家或以塞閉為絕源制情，或以挫解和同為處世應物，大旨以內外兩重工夫達於玄同。", "introTrad": "河上公以塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別。王弼以挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥。成玄英以塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事。唐玄宗御注以塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以約道、約人分釋，謂四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義。李榮以杜欲路、絕禍源，折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭。陸希聲以塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛。呂惠卿以玄同即默成之道。蘇轍以塞兌閉門杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵治其內。吳澄以塞兌閉門為愛身存我，挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物。憨山以兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想。魏源以塞兌閉門愛身存我、挫銳解紛和光同塵處世應物，忘物我、混內外則玄同。王夫之以道無間於合離。諸家或以塞閉為絕源制情，或以挫解和同為處世應物，大旨以內外兩重工夫達於玄同。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "塞閉欲絕其源；挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別。", "thesisTrad": "塞閉欲絕其源；挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c004", "c005", "c006", "c007" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "塞闭欲绝其源；挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥。", "thesisTrad": "挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "塞兌息言論、閉門制六情；挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事。", "thesisTrad": "塞兌息言論、閉門制六情；挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事。", "noteIds": [ "c021", "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "塞兑息言论、闭门制六情；挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義。", "thesisTrad": "塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身之義。", "noteIds": [ "c030", "c031", "c032", "c033" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身之义。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "杜欲路、絕禍源；折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭。", "thesisTrad": "杜欲路、絕禍源；折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭。", "noteIds": [ "c044", "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "杜欲路、绝祸源；折食欲之锋、释是非之争。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛。", "thesisTrad": "塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "玄同即默而成之之道。", "thesisTrad": "玄同即默而成之之道。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "玄同即默而成之之道。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內。", "thesisTrad": "塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物。", "thesisTrad": "塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物。", "noteIds": [ "c056", "c057" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "塞兑闭门为爱身存我；挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "兌為口、門為耳目之玩；挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想。", "thesisTrad": "兌為口、門為耳目之玩；挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "兑为口、门为耳目之玩；挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "塞兌閉門愛身存我，挫銳解紛和光同塵處世應物；忘物我、混內外則玄同。", "thesisTrad": "塞兌閉門愛身存我，挫銳解紛和光同塵處世應物；忘物我、混內外則玄同。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "塞兑闭门爱身存我，挫锐解纷和光同尘处世应物；忘物我、混内外则玄同。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "道無間於合離。", "thesisTrad": "道無間於合離。", "noteIds": [ "c064" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "道无间于合离。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以塞閉絕源立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以塞閉絕源立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以塞闭绝源立说。" }, { "noteId": "c017", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以含守質、除爭原、無偏爭恥申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以含守質、除爭原、無偏爭恥申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以含守质、除争原、无偏争耻申之。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以息言論、制六情分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以息言論、制六情分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以息言论、制六情分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以無愛染、無執滯立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以無愛染、無執滯立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以无爱染、无执滞立说。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以杜欲路、絕禍源轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以杜欲路、絕禍源轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以杜欲路、绝祸源转进。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以嗜欲之端、云為之路對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以嗜欲之端、云為之路對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以嗜欲之端、云为之路对举。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以愛身存我、處世應物分釋。", "textTrad": "吳澄以愛身存我、處世應物分釋。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以爱身存我、处世应物分释。" }, { "noteId": "c064", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以道無間於合離別釋。", "textTrad": "王夫之以道無間於合離別釋。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以道无间于合离别释。" } ], "nameSimp": "塞其兑，闭其门，挫其锐，解其纷，和其光，同其尘", "questionSimp": "「塞兑闭门」与「挫锐解纷、和光同尘」是修养的哪两个层次？", "introSimp": "河上公以塞闭欲绝其源，挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别。王弼以挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻。成玄英以塞兑息言论、闭门制六情，挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事。唐玄宗御注以塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；御疏以约道、约人分释，谓四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身之义。李荣以杜欲路、绝祸源，折食欲之锋、释是非之争。陆希声以塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷。吕惠卿以玄同即默成之道。苏辙以塞兑闭门杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘治其内。吴澄以塞兑闭门为爱身存我，挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物。憨山以兑为口、门为耳目之玩，挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想。魏源以塞兑闭门爱身存我、挫锐解纷和光同尘处世应物，忘物我、混内外则玄同。王夫之以道无间于合离。诸家或以塞闭为绝源制情，或以挫解和同为处世应物，大旨以内外两重工夫达于玄同。" }, { "id": "shi-wei-xuan-tong", "name": "是謂玄同", "nameTrad": "是謂玄同", "question": "「玄同」同的是什麼？與「和光同塵」是何關係？", "questionTrad": "「玄同」同的是什麼？與「和光同塵」是何關係？", "intro": "河上公以玄為天，能行上事則與天同道。王弼此句無注，其注挫銳、解分、和光、同塵四句，已見玄同之實。成玄英以斷伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德滿故與玄理符同。唐玄宗御疏以不滯言教、和光混迹、行符於道為與玄同德。李榮以和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別、通萬有而齊致。陸希聲以微妙玄通、與物大同。呂惠卿以默而成之之道。蘇轍以默然不言而與道同。吳澄以在己在人之銳鈍光暗兩無分別、與世齊同、妙不可測。憨山以妙契玄微。魏源以忘物我、混內外則玄同乎道。王夫之引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出而應變為玄同。諸家或以玄同為與天同道，或以泯除分別、齊同萬有釋之。", "introTrad": "河上公以玄為天，能行上事則與天同道。王弼此句無注，其注挫銳、解分、和光、同塵四句，已見玄同之實。成玄英以斷伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德滿故與玄理符同。唐玄宗御疏以不滯言教、和光混迹、行符於道為與玄同德。李榮以和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別、通萬有而齊致。陸希聲以微妙玄通、與物大同。呂惠卿以默而成之之道。蘇轍以默然不言而與道同。吳澄以在己在人之銳鈍光暗兩無分別、與世齊同、妙不可測。憨山以妙契玄微。魏源以忘物我、混內外則玄同乎道。王夫之引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出而應變為玄同。諸家或以玄同為與天同道，或以泯除分別、齊同萬有釋之。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "玄，天也；能行上事，是謂與天同道。", "thesisTrad": "玄，天也；能行上事，是謂與天同道。", "noteIds": [ "c008" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "玄，天也；能行上事，是谓与天同道。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "此句無注；其注挫銳、解分、和光、同塵，已見玄同之實。", "thesisTrad": "此句無注；其注挫銳、解分、和光、同塵，已見玄同之實。", "noteIds": [ "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "此句无注；其注挫锐、解分、和光、同尘，已见玄同之实。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "斷伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德滿故與玄理符同。", "thesisTrad": "斷伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德滿故與玄理符同。", "noteIds": [ "c023" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "断伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德满故与玄理符同。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御疏", "workTypeTrad": "御疏", "thesis": "不滯言教、和光混迹、行符於道，是謂與玄同德。", "thesisTrad": "不滯言教、和光混迹、行符於道，是謂與玄同德。", "noteIds": [ "c034" ], "workTypeSimp": "御疏", "thesisSimp": "不滞言教、和光混迹、行符于道，是谓与玄同德。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別、通萬有而齊致。", "thesisTrad": "和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別、通萬有而齊致。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别、通万有而齐致。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "微妙玄通，與物大同。", "thesisTrad": "微妙玄通，與物大同。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "微妙玄通，与物大同。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "默而成之之道。", "thesisTrad": "默而成之之道。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "默而成之之道。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "默然不言而與道同。", "thesisTrad": "默然不言而與道同。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "默然不言而与道同。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "在己在人之銳鈍光暗兩無分別，與世齊同，妙不可測。", "thesisTrad": "在己在人之銳鈍光暗兩無分別，與世齊同，妙不可測。", "noteIds": [ "c057" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "在己在人之锐钝光暗两无分别，与世齐同，妙不可测。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "妙契玄微，故曰玄同。", "thesisTrad": "妙契玄微，故曰玄同。", "noteIds": [ "c059" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "妙契玄微，故曰玄同。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "忘物我、混內外，則玄同乎道。", "thesisTrad": "忘物我、混內外，則玄同乎道。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "忘物我、混内外，则玄同乎道。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "語默隨時而不殊，卮言日出而應變，足以謂之玄同。", "thesisTrad": "語默隨時而不殊，卮言日出而應變，足以謂之玄同。", "noteIds": [ "c064" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "语默随时而不殊，卮言日出而应变，足以谓之玄同。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以玄為天、與天同道立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以玄為天、與天同道立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以玄为天、与天同道立说。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以行充德滿、與玄理符同申之。", "textTrad": "成玄英以行充德滿、與玄理符同申之。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以行充德满、与玄理符同申之。" }, { "noteId": "c034", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以不滯言教、行符於道分疏。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以不滯言教、行符於道分疏。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以不滞言教、行符于道分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以和光同塵、齊致萬有轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以和光同塵、齊致萬有轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以和光同尘、齐致万有转进。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以微妙玄通、與物大同對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以微妙玄通、與物大同對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以微妙玄通、与物大同对举。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以默然不言、與道同總結。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以默然不言、與道同總結。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以默然不言、与道同总结。" }, { "noteId": "c057", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以銳鈍光暗兩無分別別解。", "textTrad": "吳澄以銳鈍光暗兩無分別別解。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以锐钝光暗两无分别别解。" }, { "noteId": "c064", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以語默隨時、卮言應變為玄同。", "textTrad": "王夫之以語默隨時、卮言應變為玄同。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以语默随时、卮言应变为玄同。" } ], "nameSimp": "是谓玄同", "questionSimp": "「玄同」同的是什么？与「和光同尘」是何关系？", "introSimp": "河上公以玄为天，能行上事则与天同道。王弼此句无注，其注挫锐、解分、和光、同尘四句，已见玄同之实。成玄英以断伏身心、和光晦迹，行充德满故与玄理符同。唐玄宗御疏以不滞言教、和光混迹、行符于道为与玄同德。李荣以和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别、通万有而齐致。陆希声以微妙玄通、与物大同。吕惠卿以默而成之之道。苏辙以默然不言而与道同。吴澄以在己在人之锐钝光暗两无分别、与世齐同、妙不可测。憨山以妙契玄微。魏源以忘物我、混内外则玄同乎道。王夫之引严君平语，以语默随时、卮言日出而应变为玄同。诸家或以玄同为与天同道，或以泯除分别、齐同万有释之。" }, { "id": "bu-ke-de-er-qin-shu", "name": "不可得而親疏利害貴賤", "nameTrad": "不可得而親疏利害貴賤", "question": "玄同之人何以不可得而親疏、利害、貴賤？", "questionTrad": "玄同之人何以不可得而親疏、利害、貴賤？", "intro": "河上公以不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位；不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈。王弼以可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然。成玄英以兩忘物我、一觀親疏；死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚。唐玄宗御注以玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏；無欲不爭故不可利害；體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤。李榮以愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘。陸希聲以上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙。呂惠卿以萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤。蘇轍以可得而親則可得而疏，體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱。吳澄以恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠等六者，人所不能而己獨能。憨山以心超塵表、精誠動物、淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉。魏源以貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同則無所為同，安有所謂異。王夫之即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵，貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤。諸家或以無私無欲、或以齊同物我、或以貴在於我釋六不可得。", "introTrad": "河上公以不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀，志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位；不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈。王弼以可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然。成玄英以兩忘物我、一觀親疏；死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚。唐玄宗御注以玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏；無欲不爭故不可利害；體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤。李榮以愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘。陸希聲以上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙。呂惠卿以萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤。蘇轍以可得而親則可得而疏，體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱。吳澄以恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠等六者，人所不能而己獨能。憨山以心超塵表、精誠動物、淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉。魏源以貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同則無所為同，安有所謂異。王夫之即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵，貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤。諸家或以無私無欲、或以齊同物我、或以貴在於我釋六不可得。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀；志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位；不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈。", "thesisTrad": "不榮譽為樂、獨立為哀；志靜無欲、與人無怨；身不欲富貴、口不欲五味；不與貪爭利、不與勇爭氣；不為亂世主、不處闇君位；不以乘權故驕、不以失志故屈。", "noteIds": [ "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c013", "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "不荣誉为乐、独立为哀；志静无欲、与人无怨；身不欲富贵、口不欲五味；不与贪争利、不与勇争气；不为乱世主、不处暗君位；不以乘权故骄、不以失志故屈。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然。", "thesisTrad": "可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然。", "noteIds": [ "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "兩忘物我、一觀親疏；死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚。", "thesisTrad": "兩忘物我、一觀親疏；死生無變於己，況利害之間；毀譽不動、寵辱莫驚。", "noteIds": [ "c024", "c025", "c026" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "两忘物我、一观亲疏；死生无变于己，况利害之间；毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏；無欲不爭故不可利害；體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤。", "thesisTrad": "玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏；無欲不爭故不可利害；體道自然、洗然無滓故不可貴賤。", "noteIds": [ "c035", "c036", "c037", "c038", "c039", "c040" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏；无欲不争故不可利害；体道自然、洗然无滓故不可贵贱。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘，故親疏利害貴賤不能入。", "thesisTrad": "愛憎平等、毀譽齊一、榮辱同忘，故親疏利害貴賤不能入。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "爱憎平等、毁誉齐一、荣辱同忘，故亲疏利害贵贱不能入。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙。", "thesisTrad": "上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭，處上不重、處卑不汙。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争，处上不重、处卑不污。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤。", "thesisTrad": "萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "可得而親則可得而疏；體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱。", "thesisTrad": "可得而親則可得而疏；體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "可得而亲则可得而疏；体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠等六者，人所不能而己獨能。", "thesisTrad": "恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠等六者，人所不能而己獨能。", "noteIds": [ "c058" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远等六者，人所不能而己独能。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏；淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉。", "thesisTrad": "心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏；淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵、披褐懷玉。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "心超尘表故不可亲，精诚动物故不可疏；淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘、披褐怀玉。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同則無所為同，安有所謂異。", "thesisTrad": "貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；玄同則無所為同，安有所謂異。", "noteIds": [ "c062", "c063" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；玄同则无所为同，安有所谓异。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤。", "thesisTrad": "即之似不肖、違之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "即之似不肖、违之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵；贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以不榮譽、志靜無欲立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以不榮譽、志靜無欲立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以不荣誉、志静无欲立说。" }, { "noteId": "c018", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以可得則可失反釋申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以可得則可失反釋申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以可得则可失反释申之。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以兩忘物我、死生無變分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以兩忘物我、死生無變分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以两忘物我、死生无变分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以無私和衆、無欲不爭立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以無私和衆、無欲不爭立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以无私和众、无欲不争立说。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以愛憎平等、榮辱同忘轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以愛憎平等、榮辱同忘轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以爱憎平等、荣辱同忘转进。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以交道不諂、交器不瀆對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以交道不諂、交器不瀆對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以交道不谄、交器不渎对举。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以萬物一府、貴在於我立說。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以萬物一府、貴在於我立說。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以万物一府、贵在于我立说。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以貴賤者名、無名則無貴賤總結。", "textTrad": "王夫之以貴賤者名、無名則無貴賤總結。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以贵贱者名、无名则无贵贱总结。" } ], "nameSimp": "不可得而亲疏利害贵贱", "questionSimp": "玄同之人何以不可得而亲疏、利害、贵贱？", "introSimp": "河上公以不荣誉为乐、独立为哀，志静无欲、与人无怨；身不欲富贵、口不欲五味；不与贪争利、不与勇争气；不为乱世主、不处暗君位；不以乘权故骄、不以失志故屈。王弼以可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然。成玄英以两忘物我、一观亲疏；死生无变于己，况利害之间；毁誉不动、宠辱莫惊。唐玄宗御注以玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏；无欲不争故不可利害；体道自然、洗然无滓故不可贵贱。李荣以爱憎平等、毁誉齐一、荣辱同忘。陆希声以上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争，处上不重、处卑不污。吕惠卿以万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱。苏辙以可得而亲则可得而疏，体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱。吴澄以恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远等六者，人所不能而己独能。憨山以心超尘表、精诚动物、淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘、披褐怀玉。魏源以贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；玄同则无所为同，安有所谓异。王夫之即之似不肖、违之不出此，雨不能濡、日不能暵，贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱。诸家或以无私无欲、或以齐同物我、或以贵在于我释六不可得。" }, { "id": "gu-wei-tian-xia-gui", "name": "故為天下貴", "nameTrad": "故為天下貴", "question": "「為天下貴」之「貴」是爵位之貴，還是道德之貴？", "questionTrad": "「為天下貴」之「貴」是爵位之貴，還是道德之貴？", "intro": "河上公以其德如此，天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害，故為天下貴。王弼以無物可以加之。成玄英以遣蕩親疏、虛忘利害，毀譽不關其慮、貴賤莫介於懷，故蒼生荷戴、群品樂推。唐玄宗御注以體了無滯、言忘理暢；御疏以玄同之士悟理忘言、根塵無染，故為天下所尊貴。李榮以能行此者可以為天下貴。陸希聲以道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。呂惠卿以其為天下貴不亦宜乎；貴在於我而物不能賤。蘇轍以情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。吳澄以人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在親疏利害貴賤之間。魏源以貴在於我而不在人，故為天下之至貴。王夫之以無名則無貴無賤，玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。諸家或以天子不得臣為貴，或以無物加之為貴，或以貴在於我、道德自尊為貴，大旨皆以超越親疏利害貴賤為天下貴。", "introTrad": "河上公以其德如此，天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害，故為天下貴。王弼以無物可以加之。成玄英以遣蕩親疏、虛忘利害，毀譽不關其慮、貴賤莫介於懷，故蒼生荷戴、群品樂推。唐玄宗御注以體了無滯、言忘理暢；御疏以玄同之士悟理忘言、根塵無染，故為天下所尊貴。李榮以能行此者可以為天下貴。陸希聲以道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。呂惠卿以其為天下貴不亦宜乎；貴在於我而物不能賤。蘇轍以情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。吳澄以人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在親疏利害貴賤之間。魏源以貴在於我而不在人，故為天下之至貴。王夫之以無名則無貴無賤，玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。諸家或以天子不得臣為貴，或以無物加之為貴，或以貴在於我、道德自尊為貴，大旨皆以超越親疏利害貴賤為天下貴。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害，故為天下貴。", "thesisTrad": "天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害，故為天下貴。", "noteIds": [ "c015" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害，故为天下贵。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無物可以加之。", "thesisTrad": "無物可以加之。", "noteIds": [ "c019" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无物可以加之。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "遣蕩親疏、虛忘利害，毀譽不關其慮、貴賤莫介於懷，故蒼生荷戴、群品樂推。", "thesisTrad": "遣蕩親疏、虛忘利害，毀譽不關其慮、貴賤莫介於懷，故蒼生荷戴、群品樂推。", "noteIds": [ "c027" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "遣荡亲疏、虚忘利害，毁誉不关其虑、贵贱莫介于怀，故苍生荷戴、群品乐推。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "體了無滯、言忘理暢；玄同之士悟理忘言、根塵無染，故為天下所尊貴。", "thesisTrad": "體了無滯、言忘理暢；玄同之士悟理忘言、根塵無染，故為天下所尊貴。", "noteIds": [ "c041", "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "体了无滞、言忘理畅；玄同之士悟理忘言、根尘无染，故为天下所尊贵。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "能行此者，可以為天下貴。", "thesisTrad": "能行此者，可以為天下貴。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "能行此者，可以为天下贵。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。", "thesisTrad": "道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。", "noteIds": [ "c049" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "貴在於我而物不能賤，其為天下貴不亦宜乎。", "thesisTrad": "貴在於我而物不能賤，其為天下貴不亦宜乎。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "贵在于我而物不能贱，其为天下贵不亦宜乎。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。", "thesisTrad": "情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。", "thesisTrad": "人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。", "noteIds": [ "c058" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在親疏利害貴賤之間。", "thesisTrad": "迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在親疏利害貴賤之間。", "noteIds": [ "c060" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "貴在於我而不在人，故為天下之至貴。", "thesisTrad": "貴在於我而不在人，故為天下之至貴。", "noteIds": [ "c062" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "贵在于我而不在人，故为天下之至贵。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "無名則無貴無賤；玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。", "thesisTrad": "無名則無貴無賤；玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "无名则无贵无贱；玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以天子不得臣、容身避害立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以天子不得臣、容身避害立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以天子不得臣、容身避害立说。" }, { "noteId": "c019", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無物可以加之申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以無物可以加之申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无物可以加之申之。" }, { "noteId": "c027", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以苍生荷戴、群品乐推分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以體了無滯、言忘理暢立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以體了無滯、言忘理暢立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以体了无滞、言忘理畅立说。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以能行此者為天下貴轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以能行此者為天下貴轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以能行此者为天下贵转进。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以道德自尊、非人使然對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以道德自尊、非人使然對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以道德自尊、非人使然对举。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表總結。", "textTrad": "憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表總結。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表总结。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以無名無貴賤、何言之足建別釋。", "textTrad": "王夫之以無名無貴賤、何言之足建別釋。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以无名无贵贱、何言之足建别释。" } ], "nameSimp": "故为天下贵", "questionSimp": "「为天下贵」之「贵」是爵位之贵，还是道德之贵？", "introSimp": "河上公以其德如此，天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害，故为天下贵。王弼以无物可以加之。成玄英以遣荡亲疏、虚忘利害，毁誉不关其虑、贵贱莫介于怀，故苍生荷戴、群品乐推。唐玄宗御注以体了无滞、言忘理畅；御疏以玄同之士悟理忘言、根尘无染，故为天下所尊贵。李荣以能行此者可以为天下贵。陆希声以道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。吕惠卿以其为天下贵不亦宜乎；贵在于我而物不能贱。苏辙以情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。吴澄以人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。憨山以迹寄寰中、心超物表，不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。魏源以贵在于我而不在人，故为天下之至贵。王夫之以无名则无贵无贱，玄乎玄乎，何言之足建。诸家或以天子不得臣为贵，或以无物加之为贵，或以贵在于我、道德自尊为贵，大旨皆以超越亲疏利害贵贱为天下贵。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.920Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-56", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "dejing", "order": 2, "title": "德經", "titleSimp": "德经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-56", "slug": "56", "order": 56, "title": "第五十六章", "titleSimp": "第五十六章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "全章八句：首句言知者不言、言者不知；第二句言塞其兌、閉其門；第三句言挫其銳、解其分、和其光、同其塵；第四句言是謂玄同；第五至七句言不可得而親疏、不可得而利害、不可得而貴賤；末句言故為天下貴。河上公以知者貴行不貴言、言者多言多患；塞閉欲絕其源，挫銳止情欲、解紛釋忿恨、和光不曜亂、同塵不自別，能行上事則與天同道；志靜無欲、與人無怨，末言天子不得臣、諸侯不得屈，與世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫銳含守質、解分除爭原、和光無偏爭、同塵無偏恥；可得而親則可得而疏，利、害、貴、賤亦然；末以無物可以加之釋天下貴。成玄英以知理無言說，引《莊子》「道無問，問無應」；塞兌息言論、閉門制六情，挫銳止貪競、解紛釋恚怒、和光接愚俗、同塵混世事；兩忘物我、一觀親疏，死生無變於己，況利害之間；末以蒼生荷戴、群品樂推釋天下貴。唐玄宗御注以知為了悟、言為辭說，塞兌為於法無愛染、於言無執滯；御疏以理契言忘，四句已出上經道沖章，重言以濟物修身；玄同無私故不可親、汎然和衆故不可疏，無欲不爭故不可利害，體道自然故不可貴賤；末以體了無滯、根塵無染為天下所尊貴。李榮以得意忘言、悟理遺教，多言喪道、執教失眞；杜欲路、絕禍源，折食欲之鋒、釋是非之爭，和光與智無分、同塵共愚不別；愛憎平等、毀譽齊一，故親疏利害貴賤不能入。陸希聲以知道者以心而不以辯，塞嗜欲之端、閉云為之路，挫俗情之鋒、解世故之紛；上交於道不諂、下交於器不瀆，澹泊無欲、卑順不爭；道德自尊、非人使然，故為天下之至貴。呂惠卿以知至則默而成之，不能無言則不能無我，言出於無言，雖言猶不言；玄同即默成之道；萬物一府、死生同狀，不就利、不違害，不榮通、不醜窮；貴在於我而物不能賤，故為天下貴。蘇轍以道非言說亦不離言說，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兌閉門以杜其外，挫銳解紛、和光同塵以治其內，則默然不言而與道同；體道者均覆萬物、等觀逆順、不知榮辱，情計之所不及，此所以天下貴。吳澄以言耗氣，知道者不言，塞兌閉門為愛身存我；挫銳解紛、和光同塵為處世應物，兩無分別、與世齊同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如塗人而不忍相遠、外名位貨財、外死生禍福、勢如君長而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己獨能，故為天下之最可貴。憨山以聖人善得所養、妙契忘言而與道玄同；兌為口、門為耳目之玩，挫銳不露鋒芒、解紛釋紛紜雜想、和光同塵順物忘懷；心超塵表故不可親，精誠動物故不可疏，淡然無欲、妙出死生、視王侯如隙塵，故不在親疏利害貴賤之間。魏源以言親貌疏皆落形跡，塞兌閉門無可欣厭，挫銳解紛則不求利而害不至，和光同塵則不自貴而人不得賤；貴在於我而不在人，常物物而不物於物；末引李嘉謨語為證。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窺其喜怒，亦且使道無間於合離；貴賤者名也，無名則無貴無賤；引嚴君平語，以語默隨時、卮言日出為玄同。嚴遵《指歸》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五無輯文，俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故十二家。王弼本作「解其分」「不可得而疏」，諸本多作「解其紛」及「䟽」「踈」「疎」；河上公、陸希聲「疏」「害」「賤」三句上有「亦」字，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "全章八句：首句言知者不言、言者不知；第二句言塞其兑、闭其门；第三句言挫其锐、解其分、和其光、同其尘；第四句言是谓玄同；第五至七句言不可得而亲疏、不可得而利害、不可得而贵贱；末句言故为天下贵。河上公以知者贵行不贵言、言者多言多患；塞闭欲绝其源，挫锐止情欲、解纷释忿恨、和光不曜乱、同尘不自别，能行上事则与天同道；志静无欲、与人无怨，末言天子不得臣、诸侯不得屈，与世沉浮、容身避害。王弼以知者因自然、言者造事端；挫锐含守质、解分除争原、和光无偏争、同尘无偏耻；可得而亲则可得而疏，利、害、贵、贱亦然；末以无物可以加之释天下贵。成玄英以知理无言说，引《庄子》「道无问，问无应」；塞兑息言论、闭门制六情，挫锐止贪竞、解纷释恚怒、和光接愚俗、同尘混世事；两忘物我、一观亲疏，死生无变于己，况利害之间；末以苍生荷戴、群品乐推释天下贵。唐玄宗御注以知为了悟、言为辞说，塞兑为于法无爱染、于言无执滞；御疏以理契言忘，四句已出上经道冲章，重言以济物修身；玄同无私故不可亲、泛然和众故不可疏，无欲不争故不可利害，体道自然故不可贵贱；末以体了无滞、根尘无染为天下所尊贵。李荣以得意忘言、悟理遗教，多言丧道、执教失真；杜欲路、绝祸源，折食欲之锋、释是非之争，和光与智无分、同尘共愚不别；爱憎平等、毁誉齐一，故亲疏利害贵贱不能入。陆希声以知道者以心而不以辩，塞嗜欲之端、闭云为之路，挫俗情之锋、解世故之纷；上交于道不谄、下交于器不渎，澹泊无欲、卑顺不争；道德自尊、非人使然，故为天下之至贵。吕惠卿以知至则默而成之，不能无言则不能无我，言出于无言，虽言犹不言；玄同即默成之道；万物一府、死生同状，不就利、不违害，不荣通、不丑穷；贵在于我而物不能贱，故为天下贵。苏辙以道非言说亦不离言说，能知者未必言、能言者未必知；塞兑闭门以杜其外，挫锐解纷、和光同尘以治其内，则默然不言而与道同；体道者均覆万物、等观逆顺、不知荣辱，情计之所不及，此所以天下贵。吴澄以言耗气，知道者不言，塞兑闭门为爱身存我；挫锐解纷、和光同尘为处世应物，两无分别、与世齐同故曰玄同；恩如骨肉而相忘、邈如涂人而不忍相远、外名位货财、外死生祸福、势如君长而相狎、眇如匹夫而不敢慢，六者人所不能而己独能，故为天下之最可贵。憨山以圣人善得所养、妙契忘言而与道玄同；兑为口、门为耳目之玩，挫锐不露锋芒、解纷释纷纭杂想、和光同尘顺物忘怀；心超尘表故不可亲，精诚动物故不可疏，淡然无欲、妙出死生、视王侯如隙尘，故不在亲疏利害贵贱之间。魏源以言亲貌疏皆落形迹，塞兑闭门无可欣厌，挫锐解纷则不求利而害不至，和光同尘则不自贵而人不得贱；贵在于我而不在人，常物物而不物于物；末引李嘉谟语为证。王夫之以知者不言非特不使人窥其喜怒，亦且使道无间于合离；贵贱者名也，无名则无贵无贱；引严君平语，以语默随时、卮言日出为玄同。严遵《指归》此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五无辑文，俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故十二家。王弼本作「解其分」「不可得而疏」，诸本多作「解其纷」及「䟽」「踈」「疏」；河上公、陆希声「疏」「害」「贱」三句上有「亦」字，并见校记。", 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