{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-58", "no": 58, "part": "德經", "partSimp": "德经", "title": "第五十八章", "titleSimp": "第五十八章", "intro": "《老子》第五十八章，河上公題「順化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章第五十八」，王弼本無章題；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，王夫之標「五十八章」。王弼道藏本正文十句：其政悶悶，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺；禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏；孰知其極？其無正；正復為奇，善復為妖；人之迷，其日固久；是以聖人方而不割，廉而不劌，直而不肆，光而不燿。全章先以悶悶、察察兩相對照，明寬急二治之損益；次言禍福倚伏無定、正奇善妖相轉而人迷日久；終以聖人方、廉、直、光四事不割、不劌、不肆、不燿作結。河上公以悶悶為政教寬大悶昧、淳淳為富厚相親，察察為急疾、缺缺為日以疏薄；禍福倚伏、孰知其極、其無正、正復為奇、善復為妖各有訓，末以率下不割截、化民不傷害、曲己從人、常如闇昧分釋四句。王弼以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，察察為立刑名明賞罰；禍福倚伏、其無正為無可正舉、無可形名；正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患；四句為崇本息末、不攻而使復。成玄英分章為四：寬急二治損益不同、禍福兩徒倚伏無定、嘆凡迷日久非適今生、顯聖忘功韜光匿曜；以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴、察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落；禍福倚伏為業報輪轉，正復為奇為執正未解忘遣，善復為妖為執名言乖於正理；四句為淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘。唐玄宗御注以政教悶悶無為寬大、察察有為苛急分釋，御疏逐標申說，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，故禍福倚伏；其無正為衆生迷執，四句為善化不割彼而為方。嚴遵《指歸》存輯文一則，以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域、去福則無禍為說。李榮以政寬人悦、政急人困分釋，禍福倚伏為善惡之業輪回苦樂，其無正為寂寞獨立之真，四句為邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割。陸希聲以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊，禍福相因、考其善惡豈無正，四句為大方為德、至廉為行、大直為心、天光為用。呂惠卿以悶悶不以察為快、察察反乎悶悶，禍福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者後或為奇，四句為取此悶悶而去彼察察。蘇轍以天地之大、世俗之見有所眩，福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，聖人得其大全而遺其小察。吳澄承上兩節總言，無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺；正與不正對、善與不善對，一反則為奇為訞；四句皆無事之譬。憨山以此詳言上章有為之害而示以無為之方，悶悶無知、察察分星擘兩，禍福之機端在人心。魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，無自己疏解，僅存校記，並引王弼、吳澄、呂惠卿說。王夫之標「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治國必至用兵，知其無正則亦知其無奇，遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵《指歸》輯文、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》與王夫之《老子衍》，並附編者今譯。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "introSimp": "《老子》第五十八章，河上公题「顺化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章第五十八」，王弼本无章题；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章，魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，王夫之标「五十八章」。王弼道藏本正文十句：其政闷闷，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺；祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏；孰知其极？其无正；正复为奇，善复为妖；人之迷，其日固久；是以圣人方而不割，廉而不刿，直而不肆，光而不燿。全章先以闷闷、察察两相对照，明宽急二治之损益；次言祸福倚伏无定、正奇善妖相转而人迷日久；终以圣人方、廉、直、光四事不割、不刿、不肆、不燿作结。河上公以闷闷为政教宽大闷昧、淳淳为富厚相亲，察察为急疾、缺缺为日以疏薄；祸福倚伏、孰知其极、其无正、正复为奇、善复为妖各有训，末以率下不割截、化民不伤害、曲己从人、常如暗昧分释四句。王弼以善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举，察察为立刑名明赏罚；祸福倚伏、其无正为无可正举、无可形名；正复为奇即以正治国则便复以奇用兵，善复为妖即立善以和万物则便复有妖之患；四句为崇本息末、不攻而使复。成玄英分章为四：宽急二治损益不同、祸福两徒倚伏无定、叹凡迷日久非适今生、显圣忘功韬光匿曜；以闷闷为宽裕、淳淳为质朴、察察为严速、缺缺为零落；祸福倚伏为业报轮转，正复为奇为执正未解忘遣，善复为妖为执名言乖于正理；四句为净秽双遣、贪廉两忘。唐玄宗御注以政教闷闷无为宽大、察察有为苛急分释，御疏逐标申说，谓闷闷之政俗以为恶而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以为善而人反缺缺，故祸福倚伏；其无正为众生迷执，四句为善化不割彼而为方。严遵《指归》存辑文一则，以福生于祸、祸生于福、同营异域、去福则无祸为说。李荣以政宽人悦、政急人困分释，祸福倚伏为善恶之业轮回苦乐，其无正为寂寞独立之真，四句为邪行则物我俱伤、正道则彼此无割。陆希声以闷闷之政世人为之慢政而其民实乐、察察之政世人谓之能政而其民实弊，祸福相因、考其善恶岂无正，四句为大方为德、至廉为行、大直为心、天光为用。吕惠卿以闷闷不以察为快、察察反乎闷闷，祸福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者后或为奇，四句为取此闷闷而去彼察察。苏辙以天地之大、世俗之见有所眩，福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，圣人得其大全而遗其小察。吴澄承上两节总言，无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺；正与不正对、善与不善对，一反则为奇为𫍚；四句皆无事之譬。憨山以此详言上章有为之害而示以无为之方，闷闷无知、察察分星擘两，祸福之机端在人心。魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，无自己疏解，仅存校记，并引王弼、吴澄、吕惠卿说。王夫之标「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治国必至用兵，知其无正则亦知其无奇，远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵《指归》辑文、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》与王夫之《老子衍》，并附编者今译。俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十三家舊注。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李榮逐句或分段分疏；王弼十一注、陸希聲一段、呂惠卿二段、蘇轍二條、吳澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七條、王夫之一段。嚴遵《指歸》此章存《玄德纂疏》卷十五輯文一則；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。河上公題「順化」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章」；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，王夫之標「五十八章」。王弼本正文作「其民淳淳」「廉而不劌」「光而不燿」；河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」；吳澄作「善復為訞」；諸家多作「光而不耀」；陸希聲作「民迷其日固已久矣」，呂惠卿、蘇轍、魏源作「民之迷」。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十三家旧注。河上公、成玄英、唐玄宗、李荣逐句或分段分疏；王弼十一注、陆希声一段、吕惠卿二段、苏辙二条、吴澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七条、王夫之一段。严遵《指归》此章存《玄德纂疏》卷十五辑文一则；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。河上公题「顺化」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章」；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章，魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，王夫之标「五十八章」。王弼本正文作「其民淳淳」「廉而不刿」「光而不燿」；河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」；吴澄作「善复为𫍚」；诸家多作「光而不耀」；陆希声作「民迷其日固已久矣」，吕惠卿、苏辙、魏源作「民之迷」。", "slug": "58", "order": 58, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "第五十八章〈其政悶悶章〉全章十句：首二句言其政悶悶其民淳淳、其政察察其民缺缺；第三句言禍兮福之所倚、福兮禍之所伏；第四句言孰知其極、其無正；第五句言正復為奇、善復為妖；第六句言人之迷其日固久；第七至十句言聖人方而不割、廉而不劌、直而不肆、光而不燿。河上公以悶悶為政教寬大悶昧、淳淳為富厚相親，察察為急疾、缺缺為日以疏薄，禍福倚伏、其無正、正復為奇、善復為妖各有訓，末以率下不割截、化民不傷害、曲己從人、常如闇昧分釋四句；王弼以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，察察為立刑名明賞罰，禍福倚伏而其無正為無可正舉、無可形名，正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患，四句為崇本息末、不攻而使復；成玄英分章為四：寬急二治損益不同、禍福兩徒倚伏無定、嘆凡迷日久非適今生、顯聖忘功韜光匿曜，以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴、察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落，正復為奇為執正未解忘遣，善復為妖為執名言，四句為淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘；唐玄宗御注以政教悶悶無為寬大、察察有為苛急分釋，御疏逐標申說，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，故禍福倚伏，其無正為衆生迷執，四句為善化不割彼而為方；嚴遵存《指歸》輯文一則，以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域、去福則無禍為說；李榮以政寬人悦、政急人困分釋，禍福倚伏為善惡之業輪回苦樂，其無正為寂寞獨立之真，四句為邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割；陸希聲以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊，禍福相因、考其善惡豈無正，四句為大方為德、至廉為行、大直為心、天光為用；呂惠卿以悶悶不以察為快、察察反乎悶悶，禍福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者後或為奇，四句為取此悶悶而去彼察察；蘇轍以天地之大、世俗之見有所眩，福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，聖人得其大全而遺其小察；吳澄承上兩節總言，無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺，正與不正對、善與不善對，一反則失其正善，四句皆無事之譬；憨山以此詳言上章有為之害而示以無為之方，悶悶無知、察察分星擘兩，禍福之機端在人心；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，無自己疏解，僅存校記，並引王弼、吳澄、呂惠卿說；王夫之標「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治國必至用兵，知其無正則亦知其無奇，遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。河上公十五注、王弼十一注、成玄英十注、唐玄宗御注御疏十七注、嚴遵一輯文、李榮九注、陸希聲一段、呂惠卿二段、蘇轍二注、吳澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七條、王夫之一段；俞樾此章未列，故十三家。河上公題「順化第五十八」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章第五十八」，王弼本無章題；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，王夫之標「五十八章」。王弼本作「其民淳淳」「廉而不劌」「光而不燿」，河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」，陸希聲作「民迷其日固已久矣」，呂惠卿、蘇轍、魏源作「民之迷」，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "第五十八章〈其政闷闷章〉全章十句：首二句言其政闷闷其民淳淳、其政察察其民缺缺；第三句言祸兮福之所倚、福兮祸之所伏；第四句言孰知其极、其无正；第五句言正复为奇、善复为妖；第六句言人之迷其日固久；第七至十句言圣人方而不割、廉而不刿、直而不肆、光而不燿。河上公以闷闷为政教宽大闷昧、淳淳为富厚相亲，察察为急疾、缺缺为日以疏薄，祸福倚伏、其无正、正复为奇、善复为妖各有训，末以率下不割截、化民不伤害、曲己从人、常如暗昧分释四句；王弼以善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举，察察为立刑名明赏罚，祸福倚伏而其无正为无可正举、无可形名，正复为奇即以正治国则便复以奇用兵，善复为妖即立善以和万物则便复有妖之患，四句为崇本息末、不攻而使复；成玄英分章为四：宽急二治损益不同、祸福两徒倚伏无定、叹凡迷日久非适今生、显圣忘功韬光匿曜，以闷闷为宽裕、淳淳为质朴、察察为严速、缺缺为零落，正复为奇为执正未解忘遣，善复为妖为执名言，四句为净秽双遣、贪廉两忘；唐玄宗御注以政教闷闷无为宽大、察察有为苛急分释，御疏逐标申说，谓闷闷之政俗以为恶而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以为善而人反缺缺，故祸福倚伏，其无正为众生迷执，四句为善化不割彼而为方；严遵存《指归》辑文一则，以福生于祸、祸生于福、同营异域、去福则无祸为说；李荣以政宽人悦、政急人困分释，祸福倚伏为善恶之业轮回苦乐，其无正为寂寞独立之真，四句为邪行则物我俱伤、正道则彼此无割；陆希声以闷闷之政世人为之慢政而其民实乐、察察之政世人谓之能政而其民实弊，祸福相因、考其善恶岂无正，四句为大方为德、至廉为行、大直为心、天光为用；吕惠卿以闷闷不以察为快、察察反乎闷闷，祸福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者后或为奇，四句为取此闷闷而去彼察察；苏辙以天地之大、世俗之见有所眩，福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，圣人得其大全而遗其小察；吴澄承上两节总言，无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺，正与不正对、善与不善对，一反则失其正善，四句皆无事之譬；憨山以此详言上章有为之害而示以无为之方，闷闷无知、察察分星擘两，祸福之机端在人心；魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，无自己疏解，仅存校记，并引王弼、吴澄、吕惠卿说；王夫之标「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治国必至用兵，知其无正则亦知其无奇，远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。河上公十五注、王弼十一注、成玄英十注、唐玄宗御注御疏十七注、严遵一辑文、李荣九注、陆希声一段、吕惠卿二段、苏辙二注、吴澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七条、王夫之一段；俞樾此章未列，故十三家。河上公题「顺化第五十八」，《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章第五十八」，王弼本无章题；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章，魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，王夫之标「五十八章」。王弼本作「其民淳淳」「廉而不刿」「光而不燿」，河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」，陆希声作「民迷其日固已久矣」，吕惠卿、苏辙、魏源作「民之迷」，并见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-58.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-58.json", "url": "/laozi/58/", "volumeId": "dejing", "volumeTitle": "德經", "volumeTitleSimp": "德经", "orderLabel": "第五十八" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德經卷三）", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》輯文、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》諸本對校；河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼道藏本正文作「其政悶悶，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺。禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏。孰知其極？其無正。正復為奇，善復為妖。人之迷，其日固久。是以聖人方而不割，廉而不劌，直而不肆，光而不燿」，本站分十句。河上公題「順化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章第五十八」；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，王夫之標「五十八章」。諸本異文：河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」；傅奕作「閔閔」「椿椿」，魏源校記云「此並從《淮南子》及王弼」；一本「缺缺」作「觖觖」；河上公無「邪」字；吳澄、魏源作「善復為訞」；河上公「廉而不害」，薛本作「穢」；諸家「光而不耀」，王弼作「燿」；陸希聲作「民迷其日固已久矣」，呂惠卿、蘇轍、魏源作「民之迷」。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德经卷三）", "separationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》辑文、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》诸本对校；河上公此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵、李荣此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引", "punctuationSimp": "数字转录所附现代标点，本站仅作阅读辅助，尚未逐字复核原刻", "digitalSimp": "中华典藏网、识典古籍、大道家园公开转录、Kanripo 汉籍全文资料库（仅作文字底本）", "cautionSimp": "王弼道藏本正文作「其政闷闷，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺。祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏。孰知其极？其无正。正复为奇，善复为妖。人之迷，其日固久。是以圣人方而不割，廉而不刿，直而不肆，光而不燿」，本站分十句。河上公题「顺化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章第五十八」；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章，魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，王夫之标「五十八章」。诸本异文：河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」；傅奕作「闵闵」「椿椿」，魏源校记云「此并从《淮南子》及王弼」；一本「缺缺」作「觖觖」；河上公无「邪」字；吴澄、魏源作「善复为𫍚」；河上公「廉而不害」，薛本作「秽」；诸家「光而不耀」，王弼作「燿」；陆希声作「民迷其日固已久矣」，吕惠卿、苏辙、魏源作「民之迷」。正文从王弼道藏本，异文见校记。" }, "license": { "historical": "公有領域", "translation": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "code": "MIT" }, "stats": { "sentences": 10, "commentaries": 80, "charNotes": 15, "collations": 10 } }, "sources": [ { "id": "heshanggong", "name": "河上公章句", "short": "河上公", "author": "河上公", "work": "老子道德經章句", "era": "漢", "years": "傳漢文帝時", "color": "#a3542c", "desc": "分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「順化第五十八」，以悶悶為政教寬大悶昧、淳淳為富厚相親，察察為急疾、缺缺為日以疏薄；禍福倚伏、孰知其極、其無正各有訓；末以率下不割截、化民不傷害、曲己從人、常如闇昧分釋四句。此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；注十五條。", "count": 15, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「顺化第五十八」，以闷闷为政教宽大闷昧、淳淳为富厚相亲，察察为急疾、缺缺为日以疏薄；祸福倚伏、孰知其极、其无正各有训；末以率下不割截、化民不伤害、曲己从人、常如暗昧分释四句。此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；注十五条。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼注", "short": "王注", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "曹魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#8c5a2b", "desc": "以崇本息末、無為為宗；此章注十一條，以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，察察為立刑名明賞罰；禍福倚伏而其無正為無可正舉、無可形名；正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患；四句為崇本息末、不攻而使復。此章注據《道藏》本王弼《老子注》卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引。", "count": 11, "nameSimp": "王弼注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "曹魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以崇本息末、无为为宗；此章注十一条，以善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举，察察为立刑名明赏罚；祸福倚伏而其无正为无可正举、无可形名；正复为奇即以正治国则便复以奇用兵，善复为妖即立善以和万物则便复有妖之患；四句为崇本息末、不攻而使复。此章注据《道藏》本王弼《老子注》卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引。", "shortSimp": "王注" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存義疏，分章為四：寬急二治損益不同、禍福兩徒倚伏無定、嘆凡迷日久非適今生、顯聖忘功韜光匿曜；以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴、察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落；正復為奇為執正未解忘遣，善復為妖為執名言；四句為淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘。注十條。", "count": 10, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存义疏，分章为四：宽急二治损益不同、祸福两徒倚伏无定、叹凡迷日久非适今生、显圣忘功韬光匿曜；以闷闷为宽裕、淳淳为质朴、察察为严速、缺缺为零落；正复为奇为执正未解忘遣，善复为妖为执名言；四句为净秽双遣、贪廉两忘。注十条。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "唐玄宗", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9a4b3f", "desc": "御注簡質、御疏詳申，以理國修身並重；此章御注六條、御疏十一條，分列；以政教悶悶無為寬大、察察有為苛急分釋，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，故禍福倚伏；其無正為衆生迷執；四句為善化不割彼而為方。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "count": 17, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "唐玄宗", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "御注简质、御疏详申，以理国修身并重；此章御注六条、御疏十一条，分列；以政教闷闷无为宽大、察察有为苛急分释，谓闷闷之政俗以为恶而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以为善而人反缺缺，故祸福倚伏；其无正为众生迷执；四句为善化不割彼而为方。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "《指歸》道經原卷有缺，此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存輯文一則，以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域、去福則無禍、無福之福至微玄極為說。輯文一條。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "《指归》道经原卷有缺，此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五存辑文一则，以福生于祸、祸生于福、同营异域、去福则无祸、无福之福至微玄极为说。辑文一条。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李榮", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "約 600–680", "color": "#5f6f8a", "desc": "以道本德用、修身治國並說為宗；此章以政寬人悦、政急人困分釋，禍福倚伏為善惡之業輪回苦樂，其無正為寂寞獨立之真，四句為邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割。注九條。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "count": 9, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 600–680", "descSimp": "以道本德用、修身治国并说为宗；此章以政宽人悦、政急人困分释，祸福倚伏为善恶之业轮回苦乐，其无正为寂寞独立之真，四句为邪行则物我俱伤、正道则彼此无割。注九条。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "shortSimp": "李荣" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#8a6f3a", "desc": "以體用、本末說經，長於政教；此章以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊，禍福相因、考其善惡豈無正，四句為大方為德、至廉為行、大直為心、天光為用。傳一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以体用、本末说经，长于政教；此章以闷闷之政世人为之慢政而其民实乐、察察之政世人谓之能政而其民实弊，祸福相因、考其善恶岂无正，四句为大方为德、至廉为行、大直为心、天光为用。传一段。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#6a7d5a", "desc": "以道體無知、守母為本；此章以悶悶不以察為快、察察反乎悶悶，禍福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者後或為奇，四句為取此悶悶而去彼察察。傳二段。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "以道体无知、守母为本；此章以闷闷不以察为快、察察反乎闷闷，祸福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者后或为奇，四句为取此闷闷而去彼察察。传二段。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#5d7080", "desc": "以體道無知、無所施設為宗；此章以天地之大、世俗之見有所眩，福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，聖人得其大全而遺其小察，四句為雖能方能廉能直能光而不用其能。解二條。", "count": 2, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以体道无知、无所施设为宗；此章以天地之大、世俗之见有所眩，福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，圣人得其大全而遗其小察，四句为虽能方能廉能直能光而不用其能。解二条。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#7b5f7a", "desc": "以理氣、斂退說經，兼重字義訓詁；此章承上兩節總言，無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺；正與不正對、善與不善對，一反則為奇為訞；四句皆無事之譬。注三段。此章合上章為其第四十九章。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "以理气、敛退说经，兼重字义训诂；此章承上两节总言，无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺；正与不正对、善与不善对，一反则为奇为𫍚；四句皆无事之譬。注三段。此章合上章为其第四十九章。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#8a5f4a", "desc": "以真修、復性為本，兼重教化；此章詳言上章有為之害而示以無為之方，悶悶無知、察察分星擘兩，禍福之機端在人心，四句為聖人有所長而能養其所長。解一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "以真修、复性为本，兼重教化；此章详言上章有为之害而示以无为之方，闷闷无知、察察分星擘两，祸福之机端在人心，四句为圣人有所长而能养其所长。解一段。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏源", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#5a6a5a", "desc": "以不盈務内為宗，博引諸家而斷以源案；此章合上章為其第五十章，無自己疏解，僅存校記，並引王弼、吳澄、呂惠卿說。校記七條。", "count": 7, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "以不盈务内为宗，博引诸家而断以源案；此章合上章为其第五十章，无自己疏解，仅存校记，并引王弼、吴澄、吕惠卿说。校记七条。", "shortSimp": "魏源" }, { "id": "wangfuzhi", "name": "王夫之老子衍", "short": "船山", "author": "王夫之", "work": "老子衍", "era": "清", "years": "1619–1692", "color": "#6a5a7a", "desc": "以氣化、知幾立說；此章標「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治國必至用兵，知其無正則亦知其無奇，遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。衍文一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "王夫之老子衍", "workSimp": "老子衍", "authorSimp": "王夫之", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1619–1692", "descSimp": "以气化、知几立说；此章标「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治国必至用兵，知其无正则亦知其无奇，远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。衍文一段。", "shortSimp": "船山" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 10, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "其政悶悶，其民淳淳；", "textSimp": "其政闷闷，其民淳淳；", "translation": "政令宽厚不苛察，百姓就淳厚朴实；", "translationTrad": "政令寬厚不苛察，百姓就淳厚樸實；", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002", "c003", "c004", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c013", "c014" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002" ], "key": "laozi-58:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "其政察察，其民缺缺。", "textSimp": "其政察察，其民缺缺。", "translation": "政令严苛明察，百姓就凋敝离散。", "translationTrad": "政令嚴苛明察，百姓就凋敝離散。", "noteIds": [ "c015", "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c014" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n003", "n004" ], "key": "laozi-58:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏。", "textSimp": "祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏。", "translation": "祸啊，是福所依傍的地方；福啊，是祸所潜伏的地方。", "translationTrad": "禍啊，是福所依傍的地方；福啊，是禍所潛伏的地方。", "noteIds": [ "c022", "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c030", "c014" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n005", "n006" ], "key": "laozi-58:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "孰知其極？其無正。", "textSimp": "孰知其极？其无正。", "translation": "谁能知道它的究竟呢？它并没有一定之正。", "translationTrad": "誰能知道它的究竟呢？它並沒有一定之正。", "noteIds": [ "c031", "c032", "c024", "c025", "c033", "c034", "c035", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c036", "c012", "c037", "c014" ], "noteCount": 16, "charNoteIds": [ "n007", "n008" ], "key": "laozi-58:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "正復為奇，善復為妖。", "textSimp": "正复为奇，善复为妖。", "translation": "正可以再变为奇诡，善可以再变为妖孽。", "translationTrad": "正可以再變為奇詭，善可以再變為妖孽。", "noteIds": [ "c038", "c039", "c040", "c041", "c042", "c033", "c043", "c044", "c009", "c010", "c036", "c012", "c045", "c014" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n009", "n010" ], "key": "laozi-58:s005", "n": 5 }, { "id": "s006", "paragraph": 1, "text": "人之迷，其日固久。", "textSimp": "人之迷，其日固久。", "translation": "人们的迷惑，由来已经很久了。", "translationTrad": "人們的迷惑，由來已經很久了。", "noteIds": [ "c046", "c047", "c048", "c049", "c050", "c044", "c051", "c009", "c053", "c052", "c036", "c012", "c054", "c014" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n011" ], "key": "laozi-58:s006", "n": 6 }, { "id": "s007", "paragraph": 1, "text": "是以聖人方而不割，", "textSimp": "是以圣人方而不割，", "translation": "所以圣人方正而不割伤人，", "translationTrad": "所以聖人方正而不割傷人，", "noteIds": [ "c055", "c056", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c009", "c053", "c061", "c062", "c012", "c014" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n012" ], "key": "laozi-58:s007", "n": 7 }, { "id": "s008", "paragraph": 1, "text": "廉而不劌，", "textSimp": "廉而不刿，", "translation": "廉洁有棱而不刺伤人，", "translationTrad": "廉潔有稜而不刺傷人，", "noteIds": [ "c063", "c064", "c065", "c058", "c066", "c067", "c009", "c053", "c061", "c062", "c012", "c068", "c014" ], "noteCount": 13, "charNoteIds": [ "n013" ], "key": "laozi-58:s008", "n": 8 }, { "id": "s009", "paragraph": 1, "text": "直而不肆，", "textSimp": "直而不肆，", "translation": "正直而不放纵，", "translationTrad": "正直而不放縱，", "noteIds": [ "c069", "c070", "c071", "c058", "c072", "c073", "c009", "c053", "c061", "c062", "c012", "c014" ], "noteCount": 12, "charNoteIds": [ "n014" ], "key": "laozi-58:s009", "n": 9 }, { "id": "s010", "paragraph": 1, "text": "光而不燿。", "textSimp": "光而不燿。", "translation": "光明而不炫燿。", "translationTrad": "光明而不炫燿。", "noteIds": [ "c074", "c075", "c076", "c077", "c058", "c078", "c079", "c009", "c053", "c061", "c062", "c012", "c080", "c014" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n015" ], "key": "laozi-58:s010", "n": 10 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "其政教寬大，悶昩似若不明也。", "authorNote": "河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公題「順化第五十八」。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其政教宽大，闷昩似若不明也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公題「順化第五十八」。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "河上公此章据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；河上公题「顺化第五十八」。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "政教寬大，故民淳淳富厚，相親睦也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "政教宽大，故民淳淳富厚，相亲睦也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "言善治政者，無形無名，無事無正可舉，悶悶然卒至於大治，故曰其政悶悶也。其民無所爭競，寬大淳淳，故曰其民淳淳也。", "authorNote": "王弼此注總釋首二句，本站依文義分列。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "言善治政者，无形无名，无事无正可举，闷闷然卒至于大治，故曰其政闷闷也。其民无所争竞，宽大淳淳，故曰其民淳淳也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）（王弼此注總釋首二句，本站依文義分列。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼此注总释首二句，本站依文义分列。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶章", "kind": "note", "text": "就此一章分為四别：第一明寬急二治損益不同，第二明禍福兩徒倚伏無定，第三嘆凡迷日乆非適今生，第四顯聖忘功韜光匿曜。", "authorNote": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英先標章義，次逐句作疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "就此一章分为四别：第一明宽急二治损益不同，第二明祸福两徒倚伏无定，第三叹凡迷日乆非适今生，第四显圣忘功韬光匿曜。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英先標章義，次逐句作疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英先标章义，次逐句作疏。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷章" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "悶悶，寬裕也；淳淳，質朴也。言君上無為，布政寬裕，下民從化，皆淳樸也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "闷闷，宽裕也；淳淳，质朴也。言君上无为，布政宽裕，下民从化，皆淳朴也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "政教悶悶，無為寬大，人則應之淳淳然而質樸爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "政教闷闷，无为宽大，人则应之淳淳然而质朴尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "悶悶，無心寬裕也；淳淳，質樸敦厚也。言無為之君，政教寬大，任物自成，既無苛暴，故其俗淳淳而質樸也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "闷闷，无心宽裕也；淳淳，质朴敦厚也。言无为之君，政教宽大，任物自成，既无苛暴，故其俗淳淳而质朴也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "其政寬，其人悦；上恬靜，下淳一。", "authorNote": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其政宽，其人悦；上恬静，下淳一。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "夫有道之君，悶悶然以寬大含容為政，民皆樂其生而遂其性，故淳淳然歸於樸厚；無德之君，察察然以聰明苛急為政，民皆失其業而喪其本，故缺缺然至於凋弊。則悶悶之政，世人為之慢政，而其民實樂；察察之政，世人謂之能政，而其民實弊。亦猶世之所謂禍者，莫不畏惡之，以其畏惡之，則福立其中矣；世之所謂福者，莫不喜好之，以其喜好之，則禍藏其間矣。雖禍福相因，莫知所極，考其善惡，豈無正耶？夫政寬民淳，可謂正道；禍中生福，可謂善訓。而世人之迷，其日固久，知正道而不遵，反為奇衺；聞善訓而不信，復為妖孽，斯至人之所歎也。是以聖人以大方為德而無所割，以至廉為行而無所劌傷，以大直為心而無所肆訐，以天光為用而無所炫曜，此所謂悶悶之政，豈同於察察之治乎？", "authorNote": "陸希聲此章為整章一段，本站繫於首句。", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "夫有道之君，闷闷然以宽大含容为政，民皆乐其生而遂其性，故淳淳然归于朴厚；无德之君，察察然以聪明苛急为政，民皆失其业而丧其本，故缺缺然至于凋弊。则闷闷之政，世人为之慢政，而其民实乐；察察之政，世人谓之能政，而其民实弊。亦犹世之所谓祸者，莫不畏恶之，以其畏恶之，则福立其中矣；世之所谓福者，莫不喜好之，以其喜好之，则祸藏其间矣。虽祸福相因，莫知所极，考其善恶，岂无正耶？夫政宽民淳，可谓正道；祸中生福，可谓善训。而世人之迷，其日固久，知正道而不遵，反为奇衺；闻善训而不信，复为妖孽，斯至人之所叹也。是以圣人以大方为德而无所割，以至廉为行而无所刿伤，以大直为心而无所肆讦，以天光为用而无所炫曜，此所谓闷闷之政，岂同于察察之治乎？", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本）（陸希聲此章為整章一段，本站繫於首句。）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "陆希声此章为整章一段，本站系于首句。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "以正治國，以無事取天下，則其政悶悶。悶悶者，言其不以察為快也，故其民淳淳。淳淳者，言其不澆於薄也。以智治國，以有事為天下，則其政察察。察察者，反悶悶者也，故其民缺缺。缺缺者，言其不全於樸也。淳淳故安於德性，而不為禍福、奇正、善妖之所遷，是不澆於薄也；缺缺故避禍而未必免，求福而未必得，以為正也而有時乎為奇，以為善也而有時乎為妖，而禍福、奇正、善妖未知孰在也，徒令智多而難治，是不全於樸也。何則？時有終始，世有變化，禍福淳淳，至有所拂者，有所宜。有所拂者，世所謂禍，而有所宜則福所倚也；有所宜者，世所謂福，而有所拂則禍所伏也，則孰知其極而避就之耶？自殉殊面，有所正者有所差，則所謂正者，果未可知也。今為正者後或為奇，此為奇者彼或為正，善與妖亦然，則天下之禍福、正奇、善妖，果未可定也。", "authorNote": "呂惠卿此章傳分二段，此為上段。", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "以正治国，以无事取天下，则其政闷闷。闷闷者，言其不以察为快也，故其民淳淳。淳淳者，言其不浇于薄也。以智治国，以有事为天下，则其政察察。察察者，反闷闷者也，故其民缺缺。缺缺者，言其不全于朴也。淳淳故安于德性，而不为祸福、奇正、善妖之所迁，是不浇于薄也；缺缺故避祸而未必免，求福而未必得，以为正也而有时乎为奇，以为善也而有时乎为妖，而祸福、奇正、善妖未知孰在也，徒令智多而难治，是不全于朴也。何则？时有终始，世有变化，祸福淳淳，至有所拂者，有所宜。有所拂者，世所谓祸，而有所宜则福所倚也；有所宜者，世所谓福，而有所拂则祸所伏也，则孰知其极而避就之耶？自殉殊面，有所正者有所差，则所谓正者，果未可知也。今为正者后或为奇，此为奇者彼或为正，善与妖亦然，则天下之祸福、正奇、善妖，果未可定也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（呂惠卿此章傳分二段，此為上段。）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "吕惠卿此章传分二段，此为上段。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "承上兩節總言之。悶悶，不快人意；淳淳，不澆漓；察察，精明；缺缺，不滿足。極，終之所至。無事者之政，若悶悶無可喜，然自化、自正、自富、自樸，其民廼淳淳然；正者之政，若察察有可觀，然下貧、上昏、物僞、人亂，其民廼缺缺然。故借禍福為譬：人以為禍者，不知福倚於禍之旁，譬悶悶之政而有淳淳之民也；人以為福者，不知禍伏於福之中，譬察察之政而有缺缺之民也。禍不終於禍而終於福，福不終於福而終於禍，孰能知其終之所至何如哉？", "authorNote": "吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章；此為第一段。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "承上两节总言之。闷闷，不快人意；淳淳，不浇漓；察察，精明；缺缺，不满足。极，终之所至。无事者之政，若闷闷无可喜，然自化、自正、自富、自朴，其民廼淳淳然；正者之政，若察察有可观，然下贫、上昏、物伪、人乱，其民廼缺缺然。故借祸福为譬：人以为祸者，不知福倚于祸之旁，譬闷闷之政而有淳淳之民也；人以为福者，不知祸伏于福之中，譬察察之政而有缺缺之民也。祸不终于祸而终于福，福不终于福而终于祸，孰能知其终之所至何如哉？", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章；此為第一段。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章；此为第一段。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "此詳言上章有為之害，而示之以無為之方也。悶悶，無知貌，所謂民可使由之、不可使知之之意。由百姓皆注其耳目，若示有知，即上云法令滋彰、盜賊多有矣。故聖人潛行密用，令其悶悶然若無所知，則民情不鑿，奸僞自然不生，故其政悶悶，其民醇醇。若其政令察察然分星擘兩，則民多不自安，缺缺然憂有餘矣，故云其政察察，其民缺缺。缺缺，多憂不足之意。蓋禍福之機，端在人心之所萌：若其機善，則禍轉為福；若其機不善，則福轉而為禍，此禍福相倚伏也。由人機心不息，則禍福旋轉如循環之無端，人孰能知其止極耶？故孔子曰：知機其神乎！謂是故也。然禍福循環之如此，豈無真人而以理正之耶？但世衰道微，人心不古，邪正不分，善惡顛倒，本示之以正，則彼反以為奇詭；本教之以善，而彼反以為妖怪，正所謂未信而勞諫，則以為厲謗。此人心之迷固已久矣，縱有聖人之教，亦不能正之矣。莊子曰：三人行，一人迷方，猶有解者；二人惑，則不能易。今天下皆迷，其誰能解之耶？是以聖人游濁世以化民，貴在同塵和光，渾然無迹，故雖方而不傷其割（割，謂割截，乃鋒稜太露也），雖廉而不傷於劌（劌，謂刻削太甚也），雖直而不傷於肆（肆，謂任意無忌也），雖光而不傷於耀（耀，謂炫耀己見也）。此聖人有所長而能養其所長，故為天下貴。此所以無為而治，好靜而自安，無為而民自化矣。", "authorNote": "憨山此章為整章一段。", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "此详言上章有为之害，而示之以无为之方也。闷闷，无知貌，所谓民可使由之、不可使知之之意。由百姓皆注其耳目，若示有知，即上云法令滋彰、盗贼多有矣。故圣人潜行密用，令其闷闷然若无所知，则民情不凿，奸伪自然不生，故其政闷闷，其民醇醇。若其政令察察然分星擘两，则民多不自安，缺缺然忧有余矣，故云其政察察，其民缺缺。缺缺，多忧不足之意。盖祸福之机，端在人心之所萌：若其机善，则祸转为福；若其机不善，则福转而为祸，此祸福相倚伏也。由人机心不息，则祸福旋转如循环之无端，人孰能知其止极耶？故孔子曰：知机其神乎！谓是故也。然祸福循环之如此，岂无真人而以理正之耶？但世衰道微，人心不古，邪正不分，善恶颠倒，本示之以正，则彼反以为奇诡；本教之以善，而彼反以为妖怪，正所谓未信而劳谏，则以为厉谤。此人心之迷固已久矣，纵有圣人之教，亦不能正之矣。庄子曰：三人行，一人迷方，犹有解者；二人惑，则不能易。今天下皆迷，其谁能解之耶？是以圣人游浊世以化民，贵在同尘和光，浑然无迹，故虽方而不伤其割（割，谓割截，乃锋棱太露也），虽廉而不伤于刿（刿，谓刻削太甚也），虽直而不伤于肆（肆，谓任意无忌也），虽光而不伤于耀（耀，谓炫耀己见也）。此圣人有所长而能养其所长，故为天下贵。此所以无为而治，好静而自安，无为而民自化矣。", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）（憨山此章為整章一段。）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》（公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "憨山此章为整章一段。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶其民淳淳", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：悶悶，傅奕作閔閔；淳淳，傅奕作椿椿，河上作醇醇；一本缺缺作觖觖。此並從《淮南子》及王弼。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：闷闷，傅奕作闵闵；淳淳，傅奕作椿椿，河上作醇醇；一本缺缺作觖觖。此并从《淮南子》及王弼。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记；魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷其民淳淳" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "wangfuzhi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "其政悶悶", "kind": "note", "text": "天下有所不治，及其治之，非「正」不為功。以「正」正其不正，惡知正者之固將不正邪？故「正」必至於「奇」，而治國必至於「用兵」。夫無事者，正所正而我不治，則雖有欲為奇者，以無猜而自阻，我乃得坐而取之。彼多動多事者則不然，曰：「治者物之當然，而用兵者我之不得已也。」方與天下共居其安平之富，而曰不得已，是誰詒之戚哉？故無名無器，無器無利，無利無巧，無巧則法無所試。故欲弭兵者先去治。", "authorNote": "王夫之此章標「五十八章」，並移聖人四句於禍福之前。", "citation": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "天下有所不治，及其治之，非「正」不为功。以「正」正其不正，恶知正者之固将不正邪？故「正」必至于「奇」，而治国必至于「用兵」。夫无事者，正所正而我不治，则虽有欲为奇者，以无猜而自阻，我乃得坐而取之。彼多动多事者则不然，曰：「治者物之当然，而用兵者我之不得已也。」方与天下共居其安平之富，而曰不得已，是谁诒之戚哉？故无名无器，无器无利，无利无巧，无巧则法无所试。故欲弭兵者先去治。", "citationFull": "王夫之《老子衍》（公開轉錄本）（王夫之此章標「五十八章」，並移聖人四句於禍福之前。）", "citationSimp": "王夫之《老子衍》（公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "王夫之此章标「五十八章」，并移圣人四句于祸福之前。", "lemmaSimp": "其政闷闷" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察", "kind": "note", "text": "其政急疾，言决於口、聽决於耳也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其政急疾，言决于口、听决于耳也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "政教急疾，民不聊生，故缺缺日以疏薄也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "政教急疾，民不聊生，故缺缺日以疏薄也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "立刑名，明賞罰，以檢姦僞，故曰察察也。殊類分析，民姦爭競，故曰其民缺缺。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "立刑名，明赏罚，以检奸伪，故曰察察也。殊类分析，民奸争竞，故曰其民缺缺。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "察察，嚴速也；缺缺，零落也。上好有為，為政迫遽，民遭其暴，故零落也。治身者亦宜虚忘寬簡，不得執心急速也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "察察，严速也；缺缺，零落也。上好有为，为政迫遽，民遭其暴，故零落也。治身者亦宜虚忘宽简，不得执心急速也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "政教察察，有為苛急，人則應之缺缺然而凋弊矣。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "政教察察，有为苛急，人则应之缺缺然而凋弊矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "察察，有為嚴急也；缺缺，凋弊離散也。有為之君，其政峻急，以法繩人，法令滋彰，盜賊多有，故人則凋弊而離散矣。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "察察，有为严急也；缺缺，凋弊离散也。有为之君，其政峻急，以法绳人，法令滋彰，盗贼多有，故人则凋弊而离散矣。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "其政察察其民缺缺", "kind": "note", "text": "其政急而煩，其人困而乏。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其政急而烦，其人困而乏。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其政察察其民缺缺" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "倚，因也。夫福因禍而生，人遭禍而能悔過責己、修善行道，則禍去福來也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "倚，因也。夫福因祸而生，人遭祸而能悔过责己、修善行道，则祸去福来也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "福兮禍之所伏", "kind": "note", "text": "禍伏匿於福中，人得福而為驕恣，則福去禍來也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "祸伏匿于福中，人得福而为骄恣，则福去祸来也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "福兮祸之所伏" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "言誰知善治之極乎？唯無可正舉，無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "言谁知善治之极乎？唯无可正举，无可形名，闷闷然而天下大化，是其极也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "倚，因也；伏，匿也。言悶悶則致福，察察則招禍，此之二事，近由一心。福則倚在禍中，禍則伏在福内，其則不遠也。孰知其極，其無正，孰，誰也，言福禍之徵起乎善惡，業既不定，報亦隨之，所以輪轉三羅，迴還六道，千變萬化，誰知極乎？唯上士達人，忘我濟物，體兹正道，悟彼重玄，不為善惡之因，故無禍福之報。莊子云：禍亦不至，福亦不來，禍福無有，惡有人灾。所以輪轉無極者，為其不懷正道故也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "倚，因也；伏，匿也。言闷闷则致福，察察则招祸，此之二事，近由一心。福则倚在祸中，祸则伏在福内，其则不远也。孰知其极，其无正，孰，谁也，言福祸之征起乎善恶，业既不定，报亦随之，所以轮转三罗，回还六道，千变万化，谁知极乎？唯上士达人，忘我济物，体兹正道，悟彼重玄，不为善恶之因，故无祸福之报。庄子云：祸亦不至，福亦不来，祸福无有，恶有人灾。所以轮转无极者，为其不怀正道故也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚福兮禍之所伏", "kind": "note", "text": "倚，因也；伏，藏也。上言悶悶，俗則以為無政理之體，人反淳淳然而質樸，此則禍為福之所因也；其政察察，而俗則以為有政理之術，人乃缺缺然而凋弊，此福為禍所藏。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "倚，因也；伏，藏也。上言闷闷，俗则以为无政理之体，人反淳淳然而质朴，此则祸为福之所因也；其政察察，而俗则以为有政理之术，人乃缺缺然而凋弊，此福为祸所藏。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚福兮祸之所伏" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "禍兮福所倚者，前言悶悶之政，俗以為惡，而人反淳淳質樸敦厚，豈非福因倚禍而生也？福兮禍所伏者，伏，藏也，察察之政，俗以為善，物卻缺缺而凋弊，豈非禍伏藏於福中而發也？", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "祸兮福所倚者，前言闷闷之政，俗以为恶，而人反淳淳质朴敦厚，岂非福因倚祸而生也？福兮祸所伏者，伏，藏也，察察之政，俗以为善，物却缺缺而凋弊，岂非祸伏藏于福中而发也？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "福生於禍，禍生於福，禍之與福，同營異域。故去福則無禍，無禍則無福。無福之福，至微玄極，天下好知，莫能窮極也。", "authorNote": "嚴遵《指歸》此章有《玄德纂疏》卷十五輯文一則。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引輯文）", "textSimp": "福生于祸，祸生于福，祸之与福，同营异域。故去福则无祸，无祸则无福。无福之福，至微玄极，天下好知，莫能穷极也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引輯文）（嚴遵《指歸》此章有《玄德纂疏》卷十五輯文一則。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引辑文）", "authorNoteSimp": "严遵《指归》此章有《玄德纂疏》卷十五辑文一则。", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "禍福之所倚，福禍之所伏，倚，因也，伏，匿也。言人在苦而思樂，改惡而從善，因禍而得福；則處樂而荒淫，在貴而驕縱，則禍匿於福中矣。孰知其極，行善惡之因，得禍福之果，輪回苦樂之境，來去誰知窮極？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "祸福之所倚，福祸之所伏，倚，因也，伏，匿也。言人在苦而思乐，改恶而从善，因祸而得福；则处乐而荒淫，在贵而骄纵，则祸匿于福中矣。孰知其极，行善恶之因，得祸福之果，轮回苦乐之境，来去谁知穷极？", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "禍兮福之所倚", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：《韓非子》「所倚」「所伏」上並有「之」字。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：《韩非子》「所倚」「所伏」上并有「之」字。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记。", "lemmaSimp": "祸兮福之所倚" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰知其極", "kind": "note", "text": "禍福更相生，無能知其窮極時也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "祸福更相生，无能知其穷极时也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "孰知其极" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "其無正", "kind": "note", "text": "無，不也。謂人君不正其身，其無國也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "无，不也。谓人君不正其身，其无国也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其无正" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "其無正耶", "kind": "note", "text": "其無正耶，正復為奇，善復為妖。禍福之極，豈無正耶？但眾生迷執，正者復以為奇詐，善者復以為妖祥，故禍福倚伏，若無正爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文作「其無正耶」。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "其无正耶，正复为奇，善复为妖。祸福之极，岂无正耶？但众生迷执，正者复以为奇诈，善者复以为妖祥，故祸福倚伏，若无正尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文作「其無正耶」。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文作「其无正耶」。", "lemmaSimp": "其无正耶" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "孰知其極", "kind": "note", "text": "孰知其極者，夫失道喪德，習僞尚華，故禍福循環，倚伏無準，誰有知其窮極者？", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "孰知其极者，夫失道丧德，习伪尚华，故祸福循环，倚伏无准，谁有知其穷极者？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "孰知其极" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "其無正", "kind": "note", "text": "此言禍福之極，豈無正定耶？但由於人不能體道無為，妄生迷執，失其正爾。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此言祸福之极，岂无正定耶？但由于人不能体道无为，妄生迷执，失其正尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "其无正" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "其無正邪", "kind": "note", "text": "就正之一字設問。復，反也；訞，不善也。以正治國，可謂善矣，而其民缺缺，則治國者將無所用於正邪？蓋正與不正對，正一反則為不正之奇；正善而奇不善，善不善對，善一反則為不善之訞。惟無所謂正，無所謂善，而不至反為奇之訞也。能知此者，其惟聖人乎！常人迷昧，不知此理，其日固已久矣，非自今日然也。故但知以正治國之為善，而不知無所謂正之為正也。以無正為正，則與無事取天下者何以異哉？", "authorNote": "此為吳澄第二段。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "就正之一字设问。复，反也；𫍚，不善也。以正治国，可谓善矣，而其民缺缺，则治国者将无所用于正邪？盖正与不正对，正一反则为不正之奇；正善而奇不善，善不善对，善一反则为不善之𫍚。惟无所谓正，无所谓善，而不至反为奇之𫍚也。能知此者，其惟圣人乎！常人迷昧，不知此理，其日固已久矣，非自今日然也。故但知以正治国之为善，而不知无所谓正之为正也。以无正为正，则与无事取天下者何以异哉？", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（此為吳澄第二段。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为吴澄第二段。", "lemmaSimp": "其无正邪" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "其無正邪", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：其無正邪，河上無「邪」字，傅奕作「邪」。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：其无正邪，河上无「邪」字，傅奕作「邪」。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记。", "lemmaSimp": "其无正邪" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "正復為奇", "kind": "note", "text": "奇，詐也。人君不正，下雖正，復化上為詐也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "奇，诈也。人君不正，下虽正，复化上为诈也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "正复为奇" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "善復為妖", "kind": "note", "text": "善人皆復化上為妖祥也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "善人皆复化上为妖祥也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "善复为妖" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "正復為奇", "kind": "note", "text": "以正治國，則便復以奇用兵矣，故曰正復為奇。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "以正治国，则便复以奇用兵矣，故曰正复为奇。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "正复为奇" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "善復為妖", "kind": "note", "text": "立善以和萬物，則便復有妖之患也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "立善以和万物，则便复有妖之患也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "善复为妖" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "正復為奇", "kind": "note", "text": "正復為奇，奇，虚詐也。假使有心學於正道者，則執正為正，未解忘遣，不與實性相應，故為虚詐也。善復為妖，縱為善者，猶執名言，既乖正理，適為妖孽，故莊子云：為聲為名，為妖為孽。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "正复为奇，奇，虚诈也。假使有心学于正道者，则执正为正，未解忘遣，不与实性相应，故为虚诈也。善复为妖，纵为善者，犹执名言，既乖正理，适为妖孽，故庄子云：为声为名，为妖为孽。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "正复为奇" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "正復為奇", "kind": "note", "text": "此釋迷正所由也，言眾生迷於禍福，正處於正不明，以正者為奇詐，於善不了，謂善者為妖祥，故若無正爾。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此释迷正所由也，言众生迷于祸福，正处于正不明，以正者为奇诈，于善不了，谓善者为妖祥，故若无正尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "正复为奇" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "其無正正復為奇", "kind": "note", "text": "其無正，正復為奇，善復為妖。奇，異也；妖，惡也。善惡往還之業，此并是耶？寂寞獨立之真，始乃為正。言人多積塵垢之行，少有清虚之基，故云其無正事邪？者眾從正者寡，設令為正，正不常正，俄然變異，故曰為奇；并皆行惡，不肯修善，設令為善，善不恒善，還即造惡，故曰為妖。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "其无正，正复为奇，善复为妖。奇，异也；妖，恶也。善恶往还之业，此并是耶？寂寞独立之真，始乃为正。言人多积尘垢之行，少有清虚之基，故云其无正事邪？者众从正者寡，设令为正，正不常正，俄然变异，故曰为奇；并皆行恶，不肯修善，设令为善，善不恒善，还即造恶，故曰为妖。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "其无正正复为奇" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "善復為妖", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：善復為訞，王弼作「妖」，傅奕此字原闕；民之迷其日故久矣，傅奕作「人之迷也，其故以久矣」，一本無「矣」字。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源正文作「善復為訞」。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：善复为𫍚，王弼作「妖」，傅奕此字原阙；民之迷其日故久矣，傅奕作「人之迷也，其故以久矣」，一本无「矣」字。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源正文作「善復為訞」。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记；魏源正文作「善复为𫍚」。", "lemmaSimp": "善复为妖" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "言人君迷惑失正以來，其日固久也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "言人君迷惑失正以来，其日固久也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "言人之迷惑失道固久矣，不可便正善治以責。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "言人之迷惑失道固久矣，不可便正善治以责。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "言凡鄙之人所以為妖奇者，以其愚痴迷惑故也。此之迷惑，其日乆固，抑乃無始，豈曰今生？《西升經》云：如是迷來久。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "言凡鄙之人所以为妖奇者，以其愚痴迷惑故也。此之迷惑，其日乆固，抑乃无始，岂曰今生？《西升经》云：如是迷来久。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "以正為奇，以善為妖，如此迷倒，其為日也固以久。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "以正为奇，以善为妖，如此迷倒，其为日也固以久。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "此嘆眾生迷於正善，妄以為奇為妖，其所由來尚矣，故云其日固久。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此叹众生迷于正善，妄以为奇为妖，其所由来尚矣，故云其日固久。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "迷禍福之源，惑邪正之路，此非旦夕，其日固久。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "迷祸福之源，惑邪正之路，此非旦夕，其日固久。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "人之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "天地之大，世俗之見有所眩而不知也。蓋福倚於禍，禍伏於福，譬如晝夜寒暑之相代；正之為奇，善之為妖，譬如老稚生死之相繼，未始有正，而迷者不知也。夫惟聖人出於萬物之表，而覽其終始，得其大全而遺其小察，視之悶悶，若無所明，而其民淳淳，各全其性矣。若夫世人不知道之全體，以耳目之所知為至矣。彼方且自以為福，而不知禍之伏於其後；方且自以為善，而不知妖之起於其中。區區以察為明，至於察甚傷物而不悟其非也，可不哀哉！", "authorNote": "蘇轍此解置於「人之迷其日固久」之下。", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "天地之大，世俗之见有所眩而不知也。盖福倚于祸，祸伏于福，譬如昼夜寒暑之相代；正之为奇，善之为妖，譬如老稚生死之相继，未始有正，而迷者不知也。夫惟圣人出于万物之表，而览其终始，得其大全而遗其小察，视之闷闷，若无所明，而其民淳淳，各全其性矣。若夫世人不知道之全体，以耳目之所知为至矣。彼方且自以为福，而不知祸之伏于其后；方且自以为善，而不知妖之起于其中。区区以察为明，至于察甚伤物而不悟其非也，可不哀哉！", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）（蘇轍此解置於「人之迷其日固久」之下。）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "苏辙此解置于「人之迷其日固久」之下。", "lemmaSimp": "人之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "民之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "民自有知以來，迷而執之，其日乆矣，奈何重之以察察之政，而使之不得反樸而全乎？是以聖人方而不割，故不以一人斷制利天下；廉而不劌，故勝物而不傷；直而不肆，故能曲全而枉直；光而不耀，故用其光，復歸其明。此無它，取此悶悶而去彼察察故也。", "authorNote": "呂惠卿此章傳分二段，此為下段；其正文作「民之迷」。", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "民自有知以来，迷而执之，其日乆矣，奈何重之以察察之政，而使之不得反朴而全乎？是以圣人方而不割，故不以一人断制利天下；廉而不刿，故胜物而不伤；直而不肆，故能曲全而枉直；光而不耀，故用其光，复归其明。此无它，取此闷闷而去彼察察故也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本）（呂惠卿此章傳分二段，此為下段；其正文作「民之迷」。）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "吕惠卿此章传分二段，此为下段；其正文作「民之迷」。", "lemmaSimp": "民之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s006", "end": "s006" }, "lemma": "民之迷其日固久", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：諸本作「人之迷」，魏源正文從傅奕作「民之迷其日故久矣」，一本無「矣」字。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：诸本作「人之迷」，魏源正文从傅奕作「民之迷其日故久矣」，一本无「矣」字。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记。", "lemmaSimp": "民之迷其日固久" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人行方正者，欲以率下，不以割截人也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "圣人行方正者，欲以率下，不以割截人也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "方而不割" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "以方導物，舍去其邪，不以方割物，所謂大方無隅。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "以方导物，舍去其邪，不以方割物，所谓大方无隅。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "方而不割" }, { "id": "c057", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人體道方正，軌則蒼生，隨機引誘，因循任物，不宰不割，使從己也。此則舉聖戒凡，令其修學。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "圣人体道方正，轨则苍生，随机引诱，因循任物，不宰不割，使从己也。此则举圣戒凡，令其修学。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "方而不割" }, { "id": "c058", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "是以聖人方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "是以聖人方而不割，廉而不穢，直而不肆，光而不耀。聖人善化，不割彼而為方，不穢彼而為廉，不申彼而為直，不耀彼而為光，修之身而天下自化矣。肆，申也。", "authorNote": "此為御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文「廉而不穢」。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "是以圣人方而不割，廉而不秽，直而不肆，光而不耀。圣人善化，不割彼而为方，不秽彼而为廉，不申彼而为直，不耀彼而为光，修之身而天下自化矣。肆，申也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文「廉而不穢」。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注；《玄德纂疏》所引正文「廉而不秽」。", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人方而不割" }, { "id": "c059", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "方，正也，舉聖德以勸修。聖人弘道濟世，示物向方，身行方正，物則應之而自正，非立言教裁割於物使從己也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "方，正也，举圣德以劝修。圣人弘道济世，示物向方，身行方正，物则应之而自正，非立言教裁割于物使从己也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "方而不割" }, { "id": "c060", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s007" }, "lemma": "方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "方，正也；割，傷也。邪行則物我俱傷，正道則彼此無割。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "方，正也；割，伤也。邪行则物我俱伤，正道则彼此无割。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "方而不割" }, { "id": "c061", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "是以聖人方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "知小察之不能盡物，是以雖能方、能廉、能直、能光，而不用其能，恐其陷於一偏而不反也。此則世俗所謂悶悶也。", "authorNote": "蘇轍此解置於四句之下。", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "知小察之不能尽物，是以虽能方、能廉、能直、能光，而不用其能，恐其陷于一偏而不反也。此则世俗所谓闷闷也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本）（蘇轍此解置於四句之下。）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "苏辙此解置于四句之下。", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人方而不割" }, { "id": "c062", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s007", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "是以聖人方而不割", "kind": "note", "text": "又就無事二字設譬。方如物之方，四隅有稜；廉如堂之廉，一面有稜，其稜皆如刀刃之能傷害人，故曰割、曰劌。割之害差重於劌。人之方者無轉旋，廉者無分辨，其遇事觸物，必有所傷害；直者不能容隠，縱肆其言以訐人之短；光者不能韜晦，炫耀其行以暴己之長。聖人之無事者，以不事為事。方者必割，以不方為方則不割；廉者必劌，以不廉為廉則不劌；直者必肆，以不直為直則不肆；光者必耀，以不光為光則不耀。方而不割、廉而不劌、直而不肆、光而不耀，皆無事之譬也。", "authorNote": "此為吳澄第三段。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）", "textSimp": "又就无事二字设譬。方如物之方，四隅有棱；廉如堂之廉，一面有棱，其棱皆如刀刃之能伤害人，故曰割、曰刿。割之害差重于刿。人之方者无转旋，廉者无分辨，其遇事触物，必有所伤害；直者不能容隠，纵肆其言以讦人之短；光者不能韬晦，炫耀其行以暴己之长。圣人之无事者，以不事为事。方者必割，以不方为方则不割；廉者必刿，以不廉为廉则不刿；直者必肆，以不直为直则不肆；光者必耀，以不光为光则不耀。方而不割、廉而不刿、直而不肆、光而不耀，皆无事之譬也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本）（此為吳澄第三段。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为吴澄第三段。", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人方而不割" }, { "id": "c063", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不劌", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人廉清，欲以化民，不以傷害人也。今則不然，正己以害人也。", "authorNote": "河上公正文作「廉而不害」。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "圣人廉清，欲以化民，不以伤害人也。今则不然，正己以害人也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）（河上公正文作「廉而不害」。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "河上公正文作「廉而不害」。", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不刿" }, { "id": "c064", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不劌", "kind": "note", "text": "廉，清廉也；劌，傷也。以清廉清民，令去其邪，令去其汙，不以清廉劌傷於物也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "廉，清廉也；刿，伤也。以清廉清民，令去其邪，令去其污，不以清廉刿伤于物也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不刿" }, { "id": "c065", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不劌", "kind": "note", "text": "妙體物境，知空幻無可貪取，非關卓爾清廉、避世之穢，斯則净穢雙遣，貪廉兩忘，不廉而廉，穢而不穢。故莊子云：大廉不嗛。又云：廉清不信。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "妙体物境，知空幻无可贪取，非关卓尔清廉、避世之秽，斯则净秽双遣，贪廉两忘，不廉而廉，秽而不秽。故庄子云：大廉不嗛。又云：廉清不信。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不刿" }, { "id": "c066", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不穢", "kind": "note", "text": "廉，清也；穢，濁也。聖人率性清廉，自然化下，非穢彼之濁以揚其清。有本為劌字者，劌，傷也，聖人廉以成行，不傷於物。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "廉，清也；秽，浊也。圣人率性清廉，自然化下，非秽彼之浊以扬其清。有本为刿字者，刿，伤也，圣人廉以成行，不伤于物。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不秽" }, { "id": "c067", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不劌", "kind": "note", "text": "凡情貪而濁，聖道廉而清。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "凡情贪而浊，圣道廉而清。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不刿" }, { "id": "c068", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s008", "end": "s008" }, "lemma": "廉而不劌", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：劌，河上作「害」，薛本作「穢」。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源正文從《淮南子》作「劌」。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：刿，河上作「害」，薛本作「秽」。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源正文從《淮南子》作「劌」。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记；魏源正文从《淮南子》作「刿」。", "lemmaSimp": "廉而不刿" }, { "id": "c069", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s009", "end": "s009" }, "lemma": "直而不肆", "kind": "note", "text": "肆，申也。聖人雖直，曲己從人，不自申也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "肆，申也。圣人虽直，曲己从人，不自申也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "直而不肆" }, { "id": "c070", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s009", "end": "s009" }, "lemma": "直而不肆", "kind": "note", "text": "以直導物，令去其僻，而不以直激沸於物也，所謂直若屈也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "以直导物，令去其僻，而不以直激沸于物也，所谓直若屈也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "直而不肆" }, { "id": "c071", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s009", "end": "s009" }, "lemma": "直而不肆", "kind": "note", "text": "肆，申也。素質雅正，體無邪諂，而曲從於物，不申己直，故前章云：大直若屈也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "肆，申也。素质雅正，体无邪谄，而曲从于物，不申己直，故前章云：大直若屈也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "直而不肆" }, { "id": "c072", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s009", "end": "s009" }, "lemma": "直而不肆", "kind": "note", "text": "肆，申也。聖人之行不邪，彼自從而正，直非為彼之不正而申直以正曲也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "肆，申也。圣人之行不邪，彼自从而正，直非为彼之不正而申直以正曲也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "直而不肆" }, { "id": "c073", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s009", "end": "s009" }, "lemma": "直而不肆", "kind": "note", "text": "大直若屈，不顯正以示人。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "大直若屈，不显正以示人。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "直而不肆" }, { "id": "c074", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人雖有獨知之明，常如闇昩，不以耀亂人也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "圣人虽有独知之明，常如暗昩，不以耀乱人也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c075", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "以光鑒其所以迷，不以光照求其隱匿也，所謂明道若昧也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "以光鉴其所以迷，不以光照求其隐匿也，所谓明道若昧也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c076", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "此皆崇本以息末，不攻而使復之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "textSimp": "此皆崇本以息末，不攻而使复之也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（《道藏》本卷三，參校魏源《老子本義》所引）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（《道藏》本卷三，参校魏源《老子本义》所引）", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c077", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "智慧光明，無幽不照，而韜光晦迹，不炫於物，忘其照也。莊子云：滑疑之耀，聖人圖而域之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "智慧光明，无幽不照，而韬光晦迹，不炫于物，忘其照也。庄子云：滑疑之耀，圣人图而域之也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c078", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "光者，謂明智也。聖人雖有明智，而韜晦之，不以炫耀，故云光而不耀。聖德如此，自然百姓淳淳而從化也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "光者，谓明智也。圣人虽有明智，而韬晦之，不以炫耀，故云光而不耀。圣德如此，自然百姓淳淳而从化也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c079", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不燿", "kind": "note", "text": "明道若昩也。前標得失之政，次指禍福之門，而没溺者既多，昏迷者已久，妖奇則繫累之境，倚伏非懸解之場，是以廉而不穢，始體清虚之道；光而不耀，方識慧源之路。冥得失，何禍何福乎？混是非，孰邪孰正乎？泛兮無繫無不繫，肅然無可無不可。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "textSimp": "明道若昩也。前标得失之政，次指祸福之门，而没溺者既多，昏迷者已久，妖奇则系累之境，倚伏非悬解之场，是以廉而不秽，始体清虚之道；光而不耀，方识慧源之路。冥得失，何祸何福乎？混是非，孰邪孰正乎？泛兮无系无不系，肃然无可无不可。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）", "lemmaSimp": "光而不燿" }, { "id": "c080", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s010", "end": "s010" }, "lemma": "光而不耀", "kind": "note", "text": "校記：耀，諸本作「耀」；河上本「其政悶悶」以下別為一章，吳澄本合之，王弼注以「正復為奇」承首句言，是亦不以為二事也。", "authorNote": "此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "校记：耀，诸本作「耀」；河上本「其政闷闷」以下别为一章，吴澄本合之，王弼注以「正复为奇」承首句言，是亦不以为二事也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（此為魏源《老子本義》校記；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为魏源《老子本义》校记；魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章。", "lemmaSimp": "光而不耀" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "悶悶", "charSimp": "闷闷", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "mèn mèn", "gloss": "寬大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "glossSimp": "宽大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "general": "河上公以政教寬大、悶昩似若不明；王弼以無形無名、無事無正可舉；成玄英以寬裕；唐玄宗以無為寬大；李榮以政寬人悦；陸希聲以寬大含容；呂惠卿以不以察為快；吳澄以不快人意；憨山以無知貌；王夫之以此為不治之治。", "generalSimp": "河上公以政教宽大、闷昩似若不明；王弼以无形无名、无事无正可举；成玄英以宽裕；唐玄宗以无为宽大；李荣以政宽人悦；陆希声以宽大含容；吕惠卿以不以察为快；吴澄以不快人意；憨山以无知貌；王夫之以此为不治之治。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c014" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c014" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "淳淳", "charSimp": "淳淳", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "chún chún", "gloss": "淳厚樸實。", "glossSimp": "淳厚朴实。", "general": "河上公以富厚相親睦；王弼以無所爭競、寬大淳淳；成玄英以質朴；唐玄宗以質樸敦厚；李榮以下淳一；陸希聲以歸於樸厚；呂惠卿以不澆於薄；吳澄以不澆漓；憨山以民情不鑿。", "generalSimp": "河上公以富厚相亲睦；王弼以无所争竞、宽大淳淳；成玄英以质朴；唐玄宗以质朴敦厚；李荣以下淳一；陆希声以归于朴厚；吕惠卿以不浇于薄；吴澄以不浇漓；憨山以民情不凿。", "variants": [ "醇醇" ], "variantsSimp": [ "醇醇" ], "refs": [ "c002", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 2, "end": 4, "char": "察察", "charSimp": "察察", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "chá chá", "gloss": "嚴苛明察。", "glossSimp": "严苛明察。", "general": "河上公以政教急疾、言決於口聽決於耳；王弼以立刑名明賞罰以檢姦僞；成玄英以嚴速；唐玄宗以有為苛急；李榮以政急而煩；陸希聲以聰明苛急；呂惠卿以反乎悶悶；吳澄以精明；憨山以分星擘兩。", "generalSimp": "河上公以政教急疾、言决于口听决于耳；王弼以立刑名明赏罚以检奸伪；成玄英以严速；唐玄宗以有为苛急；李荣以政急而烦；陆希声以聪明苛急；吕惠卿以反乎闷闷；吴澄以精明；憨山以分星擘两。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c015", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c015", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 7, "end": 9, "char": "缺缺", "charSimp": "缺缺", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "quē quē", "gloss": "凋敝、離散、不滿足。", "glossSimp": "凋敝、离散、不满足。", "general": "河上公以民不聊生、日以疏薄；王弼以殊類分析、民姦爭競；成玄英以零落；唐玄宗以凋弊；李榮以人困而乏；陸希聲以至於凋弊；呂惠卿以不全於樸；吳澄以不滿足；憨山以憂有餘。", "generalSimp": "河上公以民不聊生、日以疏薄；王弼以殊类分析、民奸争竞；成玄英以零落；唐玄宗以凋弊；李荣以人困而乏；陆希声以至于凋弊；吕惠卿以不全于朴；吴澄以不满足；憨山以忧有余。", "variants": [ "觖觖" ], "variantsSimp": [ "觖觖" ], "refs": [ "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 5, "end": 6, "char": "倚", "charSimp": "倚", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 6, "pinyin": "yǐ", "gloss": "依傍、因依。", "glossSimp": "依傍、因依。", "general": "河上公以倚為因，福因禍而生；成玄英以福倚在禍中；唐玄宗以禍為福之所因；嚴遵以禍福同營異域；李榮以因禍而得福；陸希聲以福立其中；呂惠卿以有所宜則福所倚；吳澄以福倚於禍之旁；憨山以禍轉為福。", "generalSimp": "河上公以倚为因，福因祸而生；成玄英以福倚在祸中；唐玄宗以祸为福之所因；严遵以祸福同营异域；李荣以因祸而得福；陆希声以福立其中；吕惠卿以有所宜则福所倚；吴澄以福倚于祸之旁；憨山以祸转为福。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 12, "end": 13, "char": "伏", "charSimp": "伏", "startSimp": 12, "endSimp": 13, "pinyin": "fú", "gloss": "潛藏、隱伏。", "glossSimp": "潜藏、隐伏。", "general": "河上公以禍伏匿於福中；成玄英以禍伏在福内；唐玄宗以福為禍所藏；李榮以禍匿於福中；陸希聲以禍藏其間；呂惠卿以有所拂則禍所伏；吳澄以禍伏於福之中；憨山以福轉而為禍。", "generalSimp": "河上公以祸伏匿于福中；成玄英以祸伏在福内；唐玄宗以福为祸所藏；李荣以祸匿于福中；陆希声以祸藏其间；吕惠卿以有所拂则祸所伏；吴澄以祸伏于福之中；憨山以福转而为祸。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "極", "charSimp": "极", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "jí", "gloss": "究竟、終極。", "glossSimp": "究竟、终极。", "general": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；王弼以善治之極唯無可正舉；成玄英以業報輪轉、千變萬化誰知極；唐玄宗以禍福之極豈無正定；李榮以輪回苦樂之境來去誰知窮極；陸希聲以莫知所極；吳澄以終之所至；憨山以止極。", "generalSimp": "河上公以祸福更相生、无能知其穷极；王弼以善治之极唯无可正举；成玄英以业报轮转、千变万化谁知极；唐玄宗以祸福之极岂无正定；李荣以轮回苦乐之境来去谁知穷极；陆希声以莫知所极；吴澄以终之所至；憨山以止极。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c031", "c024", "c025", "c034", "c029", "c009", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c031", "c024", "c025", "c034", "c029", "c009", "c011", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 7, "end": 8, "char": "正", "charSimp": "正", "startSimp": 7, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "zhèng", "gloss": "一定之準正、正道。", "glossSimp": "一定之准正、正道。", "general": "河上公以人君不正其身則無國；王弼以無可正舉、無可形名；成玄英以福禍之徵起乎善惡、唯體正道者無禍福之報；唐玄宗以眾生迷執失其正；李榮以寂寞獨立之真始為正；陸希聲以政寬民淳可謂正道；吳澄以正與不正對、以無正為正；憨山以邪正不分；王夫之以知其無正則亦知其無奇。", "generalSimp": "河上公以人君不正其身则无国；王弼以无可正举、无可形名；成玄英以福祸之征起乎善恶、唯体正道者无祸福之报；唐玄宗以众生迷执失其正；李荣以寂寞独立之真始为正；陆希声以政宽民淳可谓正道；吴澄以正与不正对、以无正为正；憨山以邪正不分；王夫之以知其无正则亦知其无奇。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c032", "c024", "c025", "c033", "c035", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012", "c014" ], "refsSimp": [ "c032", "c024", "c025", "c033", "c035", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012", "c014" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "奇", "charSimp": "奇", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "qí", "gloss": "奇詭、不正。", "glossSimp": "奇诡、不正。", "general": "河上公以奇為詐，人君不正則下化上為詐；王弼以正治國則便復以奇用兵；成玄英以執正為正、不與實性相應故為虚詐；唐玄宗以眾生以正為奇詐；李榮以正不常正、俄然變異故為奇；陸希聲以反為奇衺；吳澄以正一反則為不正之奇；憨山以本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。", "generalSimp": "河上公以奇为诈，人君不正则下化上为诈；王弼以正治国则便复以奇用兵；成玄英以执正为正、不与实性相应故为虚诈；唐玄宗以众生以正为奇诈；李荣以正不常正、俄然变异故为奇；陆希声以反为奇衺；吴澄以正一反则为不正之奇；憨山以本示以正而彼反以为奇诡。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c038", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c038", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 8, "end": 9, "char": "妖", "charSimp": "妖", "startSimp": 8, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "yāo", "gloss": "妖祥、妖孽。", "glossSimp": "妖祥、妖孽。", "general": "河上公以善人皆復化上為妖祥；王弼以立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患；成玄英以執名言乖正理適為妖孽；唐玄宗以善者復以為妖祥；李榮以善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖；吳澄作訞，以善一反則為不善之訞；憨山以本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。", "generalSimp": "河上公以善人皆复化上为妖祥；王弼以立善以和万物则便复有妖之患；成玄英以执名言乖正理适为妖孽；唐玄宗以善者复以为妖祥；李荣以善不恒善、还即造恶故为妖；吴澄作𫍚，以善一反则为不善之𫍚；憨山以本教以善而彼反以为妖怪。", "variants": [ "訞" ], "variantsSimp": [ "𫍚" ], "refs": [ "c039", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c039", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c036", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "start": 2, "end": 3, "char": "迷", "charSimp": "迷", "startSimp": 2, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "mí", "gloss": "迷惑、昏昧。", "glossSimp": "迷惑、昏昧。", "general": "河上公以人君迷惑失正以來其日固久；王弼以人之迷惑失道固久、不可便正善治以責；成玄英以愚痴迷惑、抑乃無始；唐玄宗以迷倒日久；李榮以迷禍福之源惑邪正之路；陸希聲以世人之迷其日固久；蘇轍以迷者不知；吳澄以常人迷昧；憨山以人心之迷固已久矣。", "generalSimp": "河上公以人君迷惑失正以来其日固久；王弼以人之迷惑失道固久、不可便正善治以责；成玄英以愚痴迷惑、抑乃无始；唐玄宗以迷倒日久；李荣以迷祸福之源惑邪正之路；陆希声以世人之迷其日固久；苏辙以迷者不知；吴澄以常人迷昧；憨山以人心之迷固已久矣。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c046", "c047", "c048", "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c046", "c047", "c048", "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c009", "c036", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s007", "start": 4, "end": 5, "char": "方", "charSimp": "方", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 5, "pinyin": "fāng", "gloss": "方正、有稜角。", "glossSimp": "方正、有棱角。", "general": "河上公以行方正以率下而不割截人；王弼以方導物、不以方割物，所謂大方無隅；成玄英以體道方正不宰不割；唐玄宗以不割彼而為方；李榮以正道則彼此無割；蘇轍以能方而不用其能；吳澄以方如物之方、四隅有稜；憨山以雖方而不傷其割。", "generalSimp": "河上公以行方正以率下而不割截人；王弼以方导物、不以方割物，所谓大方无隅；成玄英以体道方正不宰不割；唐玄宗以不割彼而为方；李荣以正道则彼此无割；苏辙以能方而不用其能；吴澄以方如物之方、四隅有棱；憨山以虽方而不伤其割。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c055", "c056", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c055", "c056", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061", "c062", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n013", "sentenceId": "s008", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "劌", "charSimp": "刿", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "guì", "gloss": "刺傷、割傷。", "glossSimp": "刺伤、割伤。", "general": "河上公本作「害」，以聖人廉清化民不以傷害人；王弼以清廉清民而不以清廉劌傷於物；成玄英以淨穢雙遣、不廉而廉；御疏以廉以成行不傷於物，一本作劌；李榮以聖道廉而清；蘇轍以能廉而不用其能；吳澄以廉者必劌、以不廉為廉則不劌；魏源校記云河上作害、薛本作穢。", "generalSimp": "河上公本作「害」，以圣人廉清化民不以伤害人；王弼以清廉清民而不以清廉刿伤于物；成玄英以净秽双遣、不廉而廉；御疏以廉以成行不伤于物，一本作刿；李荣以圣道廉而清；苏辙以能廉而不用其能；吴澄以廉者必刿、以不廉为廉则不刿；魏源校记云河上作害、薛本作秽。", "variants": [ "害", "穢" ], "variantsSimp": [ "害", "秽" ], "refs": [ "c063", "c064", "c065", "c066", "c067", "c068", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c063", "c064", "c065", "c066", "c067", "c068", "c061", "c062", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n014", "sentenceId": "s009", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "肆", "charSimp": "肆", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "sì", "gloss": "放縱、申直。", "glossSimp": "放纵、申直。", "general": "河上公以肆為申，聖人雖直曲己從人不自申；王弼以直導物而不以直激沸於物，所謂直若屈；成玄英以曲從於物不申己直；御疏以非為彼之不正而申直以正曲；李榮以大直若屈、不顯正以示人；蘇轍以能直而不用其能；吳澄以直者不能容隠、縱肆其言。", "generalSimp": "河上公以肆为申，圣人虽直曲己从人不自申；王弼以直导物而不以直激沸于物，所谓直若屈；成玄英以曲从于物不申己直；御疏以非为彼之不正而申直以正曲；李荣以大直若屈、不显正以示人；苏辙以能直而不用其能；吴澄以直者不能容隠、纵肆其言。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c069", "c070", "c071", "c072", "c073", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c069", "c070", "c071", "c072", "c073", "c061", "c062", "c012" ] }, { "id": "n015", "sentenceId": "s010", "start": 3, "end": 4, "char": "燿", "charSimp": "燿", "startSimp": 3, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "yào", "gloss": "照耀、炫耀。", "glossSimp": "照耀、炫耀。", "general": "河上公以雖有獨知之明常如闇昧、不以耀亂人；王弼以光鑒其迷而不以光照求其隱匿，所謂明道若昧；成玄英以韜光晦迹不炫於物；御疏以韜晦明智不以炫耀；李榮以明道若昧；蘇轍以能光而不用其能；吳澄以光者不能韜晦、以不光為光則不耀；憨山以雖光而不傷其耀。", "generalSimp": "河上公以虽有独知之明常如暗昧、不以耀乱人；王弼以光鉴其迷而不以光照求其隐匿，所谓明道若昧；成玄英以韬光晦迹不炫于物；御疏以韬晦明智不以炫耀；李荣以明道若昧；苏辙以能光而不用其能；吴澄以光者不能韬晦、以不光为光则不耀；憨山以虽光而不伤其耀。", "variants": [ "耀" ], "variantsSimp": [ "耀" ], "refs": [ "c074", "c075", "c076", "c077", "c078", "c079", "c080", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c074", "c075", "c076", "c077", "c078", "c079", "c080", "c061", "c062", "c012" ] } ], "glossary": { "順化": "河上公本章章題。", "其政悶悶章": "《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿本章章題。", "悶悶": "寬大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "淳淳": "淳厚樸實。", "醇醇": "河上公、憨山異文，義同淳淳。", "察察": "嚴苛明察。", "缺缺": "凋敝、離散、不滿足。", "觖觖": "一本異文，義同缺缺。", "禍兮福之所倚": "禍是福所依傍的地方。", "福兮禍之所伏": "福是禍所潛伏的地方。", "倚": "依傍、因依。", "伏": "潛藏、隱伏。", "孰知其極": "誰能知道它的究竟。", "極": "究竟、終極。", "其無正": "並沒有一定之正。", "正": "一定之準正、正道。", "奇": "奇詭、不正。", "妖": "妖祥、妖孽。", "訞": "吳澄、魏源異文，義同妖。", "迷": "迷惑、昏昧。", "方": "方正、有稜角。", "割": "割傷、割截。", "廉": "廉潔、有稜角。", "劌": "刺傷、割傷。", "穢": "御注御疏、薛本異文，義同劌。", "直": "正直。", "肆": "放縱、申直。", "光": "明智、光明。", "燿": "照耀、炫耀。", "耀": "諸本異文，義同燿。", "大方無隅": "王弼引以釋方而不割。", "大直若屈": "王弼、成玄英、李榮引以釋直而不肆。", "明道若昧": "王弼、李榮引以釋光而不燿。", "大廉不嗛": "成玄英引《莊子》語以釋廉而不劌。", "西升經": "成玄英引以證迷來已久。", "淮南子": "魏源校記謂其正文從《淮南子》及王弼。", "傅奕": "傅奕《道德經古本》；魏源校記引其異文。", "薛本": "魏源校記所引薛氏校本。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "王弼本無章題。河上公題「順化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章第五十八」；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章；王夫之標「五十八章」。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼本无章题。河上公题「顺化第五十八」；《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章第五十八」；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章；魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章；王夫之标「五十八章」。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "「其政悶悶」與「閔閔」", "text": "王弼、河上公、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之正文並作「其政悶悶」；魏源校記云傅奕作「閔閔」。本站從王弼作「悶悶」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源、王夫之正文并作「其政闷闷」；魏源校记云傅奕作「闵闵」。本站从王弼作「闷闷」。", "headwordSimp": "「其政闷闷」与「闵闵」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "「淳淳」與「醇醇」、「缺缺」與「觖觖」", "text": "王弼、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、魏源、王夫之正文作「其民淳淳」；河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」；魏源校記云傅奕作「椿椿」，一本「缺缺」作「觖觖」，並云「此並從《淮南子》及王弼」。本站從王弼作「淳淳」「缺缺」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、魏源、王夫之正文作「其民淳淳」；河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」；魏源校记云傅奕作「椿椿」，一本「缺缺」作「觖觖」，并云「此并从《淮南子》及王弼」。本站从王弼作「淳淳」「缺缺」。", "headwordSimp": "「淳淳」与「醇醇」、「缺缺」与「觖觖」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "「禍兮福之所倚」有無「之」字", "text": "王弼、河上公、吳澄、憨山正文有「之」字；《玄德纂疏》所引御注御疏、李榮、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍無「之」字；魏源正文無「之」，其校記云「《韓非子》所倚所伏上並有之字」。本站從王弼有「之」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、吴澄、憨山正文有「之」字；《玄德纂疏》所引御注御疏、李荣、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙无「之」字；魏源正文无「之」，其校记云「《韩非子》所倚所伏上并有之字」。本站从王弼有「之」。", "headwordSimp": "「祸兮福之所倚」有无「之」字", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "「其無正」與「其無正邪」", "text": 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"王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源正文作「廉而不刿」；河上公作「廉而不害」，其注以「不以伤害人」为说；《玄德纂疏》所引御注御疏作「廉而不秽」；魏源校记云「刿，河上作害，薛本作秽」。本站从王弼作「刿」。", "headwordSimp": "「廉而不刿」与「廉而不害」「廉而不秽」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k008" }, { "sentenceId": "s010", "headword": "「光而不燿」與「光而不耀」", "text": "王弼道藏本作「光而不燿」；河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄、憨山、魏源正文作「光而不耀」；魏源校記出「耀」字異文。本站從王弼作「燿」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "王弼道藏本作「光而不燿」；河上公、唐玄宗御注御疏、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄、憨山、魏源正文作「光而不耀」；魏源校记出「耀」字异文。本站从王弼作「燿」。", "headwordSimp": "「光而不燿」与「光而不耀」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k009" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "出處與注數", "text": "河上公據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；王弼、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之據公開轉錄本。河上公十五條、王弼十一條、成玄英十條、唐玄宗御注御疏十七條、嚴遵一條、李榮九條、陸希聲一段、呂惠卿二段、蘇轍二條、吳澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七條、王夫之一段。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》（以上成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）、王弼《老子道德經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》、王夫之《老子衍》", "textSimp": "河上公据四部丛刊本，参校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵、李荣据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；王弼、陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄据《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之据公开转录本。河上公十五条、王弼十一条、成玄英十条、唐玄宗御注御疏十七条、严遵一条、李荣九条、陆希声一段、吕惠卿二段、苏辙二条、吴澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七条、王夫之一段。俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列。", "headwordSimp": "出处与注数", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》（以上成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣据《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引）、王弼《老子道德经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》、王夫之《老子衍》", "id": "k010" } ], "glossarySimp": { "顺化": "河上公本章章题。", "其政闷闷章": "《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿本章章题。", "闷闷": "宽大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "淳淳": "淳厚朴实。", "醇醇": "河上公、憨山异文，义同淳淳。", "察察": "严苛明察。", "缺缺": "凋敝、离散、不满足。", "觖觖": "一本异文，义同缺缺。", "祸兮福之所倚": "祸是福所依傍的地方。", "福兮祸之所伏": "福是祸所潜伏的地方。", "倚": "依傍、因依。", "伏": "潜藏、隐伏。", "孰知其极": "谁能知道它的究竟。", "极": "究竟、终极。", "其无正": "并没有一定之正。", "正": "一定之准正、正道。", "奇": "奇诡、不正。", "妖": "妖祥、妖孽。", "𫍚": "吴澄、魏源异文，义同妖。", "迷": "迷惑、昏昧。", "方": "方正、有棱角。", "割": "割伤、割截。", "廉": "廉洁、有棱角。", "刿": "刺伤、割伤。", "秽": "御注御疏、薛本异文，义同刿。", "直": "正直。", "肆": "放纵、申直。", "光": "明智、光明。", "燿": "照耀、炫耀。", "耀": "诸本异文，义同燿。", "大方无隅": "王弼引以释方而不割。", "大直若屈": "王弼、成玄英、李荣引以释直而不肆。", "明道若昧": "王弼、李荣引以释光而不燿。", "大廉不嗛": "成玄英引《庄子》语以释廉而不刿。", "西升经": "成玄英引以证迷来已久。", "淮南子": "魏源校记谓其正文从《淮南子》及王弼。", "傅奕": "傅奕《道德经古本》；魏源校记引其异文。", "薛本": "魏源校记所引薛氏校本。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "悶悶", "headwordSimp": "闷闷", "pinyin": "mèn mèn", "gloss": "寬大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "glossSimp": "宽大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "general": "河上公以政教寬大、悶昩似若不明；王弼以無形無名、無事無正可舉；成玄英以寬裕；唐玄宗以無為寬大；李榮以政寬人悦；陸希聲以寬大含容；呂惠卿以不以察為快；吳澄以不快人意；憨山以無知貌；王夫之以此為不治之治。", "generalSimp": "河上公以政教宽大、闷昩似若不明；王弼以无形无名、无事无正可举；成玄英以宽裕；唐玄宗以无为宽大；李荣以政宽人悦；陆希声以宽大含容；吕惠卿以不以察为快；吴澄以不快人意；憨山以无知貌；王夫之以此为不治之治。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c014" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012", "c014" ], "forms": [ { "form": "悶悶", "formSimp": "闷闷", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "淳淳", "headwordSimp": "淳淳", "pinyin": "chún chún", "gloss": "淳厚樸實。", "glossSimp": "淳厚朴实。", "general": "河上公以富厚相親睦；王弼以無所爭競、寬大淳淳；成玄英以質朴；唐玄宗以質樸敦厚；李榮以下淳一；陸希聲以歸於樸厚；呂惠卿以不澆於薄；吳澄以不澆漓；憨山以民情不鑿。", "generalSimp": "河上公以富厚相亲睦；王弼以无所争竞、宽大淳淳；成玄英以质朴；唐玄宗以质朴敦厚；李荣以下淳一；陆希声以归于朴厚；吕惠卿以不浇于薄；吴澄以不浇漓；憨山以民情不凿。", "variants": [ "醇醇" ], "variantsSimp": [ "醇醇" ], "refs": [ "c002", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c003", "c005", "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "淳淳", "formSimp": "淳淳", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "察察", "headwordSimp": "察察", "pinyin": "chá chá", "gloss": "嚴苛明察。", "glossSimp": "严苛明察。", "general": "河上公以政教急疾、言決於口聽決於耳；王弼以立刑名明賞罰以檢姦僞；成玄英以嚴速；唐玄宗以有為苛急；李榮以政急而煩；陸希聲以聰明苛急；呂惠卿以反乎悶悶；吳澄以精明；憨山以分星擘兩。", "generalSimp": "河上公以政教急疾、言决于口听决于耳；王弼以立刑名明赏罚以检奸伪；成玄英以严速；唐玄宗以有为苛急；李荣以政急而烦；陆希声以聪明苛急；吕惠卿以反乎闷闷；吴澄以精明；憨山以分星擘两。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c015", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c015", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "察察", "formSimp": "察察", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "缺缺", "headwordSimp": "缺缺", "pinyin": "quē quē", "gloss": "凋敝、離散、不滿足。", "glossSimp": "凋敝、离散、不满足。", "general": "河上公以民不聊生、日以疏薄；王弼以殊類分析、民姦爭競；成玄英以零落；唐玄宗以凋弊；李榮以人困而乏；陸希聲以至於凋弊；呂惠卿以不全於樸；吳澄以不滿足；憨山以憂有餘。", "generalSimp": "河上公以民不聊生、日以疏薄；王弼以殊类分析、民奸争竞；成玄英以零落；唐玄宗以凋弊；李荣以人困而乏；陆希声以至于凋弊；吕惠卿以不全于朴；吴澄以不满足；憨山以忧有余。", "variants": [ "觖觖" ], "variantsSimp": [ "觖觖" ], "refs": [ "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "缺缺", "formSimp": "缺缺", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "倚", "headwordSimp": "倚", "pinyin": "yǐ", "gloss": "依傍、因依。", "glossSimp": "依傍、因依。", "general": "河上公以倚為因，福因禍而生；成玄英以福倚在禍中；唐玄宗以禍為福之所因；嚴遵以禍福同營異域；李榮以因禍而得福；陸希聲以福立其中；呂惠卿以有所宜則福所倚；吳澄以福倚於禍之旁；憨山以禍轉為福。", "generalSimp": "河上公以倚为因，福因祸而生；成玄英以福倚在祸中；唐玄宗以祸为福之所因；严遵以祸福同营异域；李荣以因祸而得福；陆希声以福立其中；吕惠卿以有所宜则福所倚；吴澄以福倚于祸之旁；憨山以祸转为福。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c022", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "倚", "formSimp": "倚", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "伏", "headwordSimp": "伏", "pinyin": "fú", "gloss": "潛藏、隱伏。", "glossSimp": "潜藏、隐伏。", "general": "河上公以禍伏匿於福中；成玄英以禍伏在福内；唐玄宗以福為禍所藏；李榮以禍匿於福中；陸希聲以禍藏其間；呂惠卿以有所拂則禍所伏；吳澄以禍伏於福之中；憨山以福轉而為禍。", "generalSimp": "河上公以祸伏匿于福中；成玄英以祸伏在福内；唐玄宗以福为祸所藏；李荣以祸匿于福中；陆希声以祸藏其间；吕惠卿以有所拂则祸所伏；吴澄以祸伏于福之中；憨山以福转而为祸。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c023", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c029", "c009", "c010", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "伏", "formSimp": "伏", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "極", "headwordSimp": "极", "pinyin": "jí", "gloss": "究竟、終極。", "glossSimp": "究竟、终极。", "general": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；王弼以善治之極唯無可正舉；成玄英以業報輪轉、千變萬化誰知極；唐玄宗以禍福之極豈無正定；李榮以輪回苦樂之境來去誰知窮極；陸希聲以莫知所極；吳澄以終之所至；憨山以止極。", "generalSimp": "河上公以祸福更相生、无能知其穷极；王弼以善治之极唯无可正举；成玄英以业报轮转、千变万化谁知极；唐玄宗以祸福之极岂无正定；李荣以轮回苦乐之境来去谁知穷极；陆希声以莫知所极；吴澄以终之所至；憨山以止极。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c031", "c024", "c025", "c034", "c029", "c009", "c011", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c031", "c024", "c025", "c034", "c029", "c009", "c011", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "極", "formSimp": "极", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "正", "headwordSimp": "正", "pinyin": "zhèng", "gloss": "一定之準正、正道。", "glossSimp": "一定之准正、正道。", "general": "河上公以人君不正其身則無國；王弼以無可正舉、無可形名；成玄英以福禍之徵起乎善惡、唯體正道者無禍福之報；唐玄宗以眾生迷執失其正；李榮以寂寞獨立之真始為正；陸希聲以政寬民淳可謂正道；吳澄以正與不正對、以無正為正；憨山以邪正不分；王夫之以知其無正則亦知其無奇。", "generalSimp": "河上公以人君不正其身则无国；王弼以无可正举、无可形名；成玄英以福祸之征起乎善恶、唯体正道者无祸福之报；唐玄宗以众生迷执失其正；李荣以寂寞独立之真始为正；陆希声以政宽民淳可谓正道；吴澄以正与不正对、以无正为正；憨山以邪正不分；王夫之以知其无正则亦知其无奇。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c032", "c024", "c025", "c033", "c035", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012", "c014" ], "refsSimp": [ "c032", "c024", "c025", "c033", "c035", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012", "c014" ], "forms": [ { "form": "正", "formSimp": "正", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "奇", "headwordSimp": "奇", "pinyin": "qí", "gloss": "奇詭、不正。", "glossSimp": "奇诡、不正。", "general": "河上公以奇為詐，人君不正則下化上為詐；王弼以正治國則便復以奇用兵；成玄英以執正為正、不與實性相應故為虚詐；唐玄宗以眾生以正為奇詐；李榮以正不常正、俄然變異故為奇；陸希聲以反為奇衺；吳澄以正一反則為不正之奇；憨山以本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。", "generalSimp": "河上公以奇为诈，人君不正则下化上为诈；王弼以正治国则便复以奇用兵；成玄英以执正为正、不与实性相应故为虚诈；唐玄宗以众生以正为奇诈；李荣以正不常正、俄然变异故为奇；陆希声以反为奇衺；吴澄以正一反则为不正之奇；憨山以本示以正而彼反以为奇诡。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c038", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c038", "c040", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "奇", "formSimp": "奇", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "妖", "headwordSimp": "妖", "pinyin": "yāo", "gloss": "妖祥、妖孽。", "glossSimp": "妖祥、妖孽。", "general": "河上公以善人皆復化上為妖祥；王弼以立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患；成玄英以執名言乖正理適為妖孽；唐玄宗以善者復以為妖祥；李榮以善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖；吳澄作訞，以善一反則為不善之訞；憨山以本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。", "generalSimp": "河上公以善人皆复化上为妖祥；王弼以立善以和万物则便复有妖之患；成玄英以执名言乖正理适为妖孽；唐玄宗以善者复以为妖祥；李荣以善不恒善、还即造恶故为妖；吴澄作𫍚，以善一反则为不善之𫍚；憨山以本教以善而彼反以为妖怪。", "variants": [ "訞" ], "variantsSimp": [ "𫍚" ], "refs": [ "c039", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c039", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044", "c036", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "妖", "formSimp": "妖", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "迷", "headwordSimp": "迷", "pinyin": "mí", "gloss": "迷惑、昏昧。", "glossSimp": "迷惑、昏昧。", "general": "河上公以人君迷惑失正以來其日固久；王弼以人之迷惑失道固久、不可便正善治以責；成玄英以愚痴迷惑、抑乃無始；唐玄宗以迷倒日久；李榮以迷禍福之源惑邪正之路；陸希聲以世人之迷其日固久；蘇轍以迷者不知；吳澄以常人迷昧；憨山以人心之迷固已久矣。", "generalSimp": "河上公以人君迷惑失正以来其日固久；王弼以人之迷惑失道固久、不可便正善治以责；成玄英以愚痴迷惑、抑乃无始；唐玄宗以迷倒日久；李荣以迷祸福之源惑邪正之路；陆希声以世人之迷其日固久；苏辙以迷者不知；吴澄以常人迷昧；憨山以人心之迷固已久矣。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c046", "c047", "c048", "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c046", "c047", "c048", "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c009", "c036", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "迷", "formSimp": "迷", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "方", "headwordSimp": "方", "pinyin": "fāng", "gloss": "方正、有稜角。", "glossSimp": "方正、有棱角。", "general": "河上公以行方正以率下而不割截人；王弼以方導物、不以方割物，所謂大方無隅；成玄英以體道方正不宰不割；唐玄宗以不割彼而為方；李榮以正道則彼此無割；蘇轍以能方而不用其能；吳澄以方如物之方、四隅有稜；憨山以雖方而不傷其割。", "generalSimp": "河上公以行方正以率下而不割截人；王弼以方导物、不以方割物，所谓大方无隅；成玄英以体道方正不宰不割；唐玄宗以不割彼而为方；李荣以正道则彼此无割；苏辙以能方而不用其能；吴澄以方如物之方、四隅有棱；憨山以虽方而不伤其割。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c055", "c056", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c055", "c056", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "方", "formSimp": "方", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 13, "id": "n013", "noteId": "n013", "sentenceId": "s008", "headword": "劌", "headwordSimp": "刿", "pinyin": "guì", "gloss": "刺傷、割傷。", "glossSimp": "刺伤、割伤。", "general": "河上公本作「害」，以聖人廉清化民不以傷害人；王弼以清廉清民而不以清廉劌傷於物；成玄英以淨穢雙遣、不廉而廉；御疏以廉以成行不傷於物，一本作劌；李榮以聖道廉而清；蘇轍以能廉而不用其能；吳澄以廉者必劌、以不廉為廉則不劌；魏源校記云河上作害、薛本作穢。", "generalSimp": "河上公本作「害」，以圣人廉清化民不以伤害人；王弼以清廉清民而不以清廉刿伤于物；成玄英以净秽双遣、不廉而廉；御疏以廉以成行不伤于物，一本作刿；李荣以圣道廉而清；苏辙以能廉而不用其能；吴澄以廉者必刿、以不廉为廉则不刿；魏源校记云河上作害、薛本作秽。", "variants": [ "害", "穢" ], "variantsSimp": [ "害", "秽" ], "refs": [ "c063", "c064", "c065", "c066", "c067", "c068", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c063", "c064", "c065", "c066", "c067", "c068", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "劌", "formSimp": "刿", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 14, "id": "n014", "noteId": "n014", "sentenceId": "s009", "headword": "肆", "headwordSimp": "肆", "pinyin": "sì", "gloss": "放縱、申直。", "glossSimp": "放纵、申直。", "general": "河上公以肆為申，聖人雖直曲己從人不自申；王弼以直導物而不以直激沸於物，所謂直若屈；成玄英以曲從於物不申己直；御疏以非為彼之不正而申直以正曲；李榮以大直若屈、不顯正以示人；蘇轍以能直而不用其能；吳澄以直者不能容隠、縱肆其言。", "generalSimp": "河上公以肆为申，圣人虽直曲己从人不自申；王弼以直导物而不以直激沸于物，所谓直若屈；成玄英以曲从于物不申己直；御疏以非为彼之不正而申直以正曲；李荣以大直若屈、不显正以示人；苏辙以能直而不用其能；吴澄以直者不能容隠、纵肆其言。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c069", "c070", "c071", "c072", "c073", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c069", "c070", "c071", "c072", "c073", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "肆", "formSimp": "肆", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s009" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s009" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 15, "id": "n015", "noteId": "n015", "sentenceId": "s010", "headword": "燿", "headwordSimp": "燿", "pinyin": "yào", "gloss": "照耀、炫耀。", "glossSimp": "照耀、炫耀。", "general": "河上公以雖有獨知之明常如闇昧、不以耀亂人；王弼以光鑒其迷而不以光照求其隱匿，所謂明道若昧；成玄英以韜光晦迹不炫於物；御疏以韜晦明智不以炫耀；李榮以明道若昧；蘇轍以能光而不用其能；吳澄以光者不能韜晦、以不光為光則不耀；憨山以雖光而不傷其耀。", "generalSimp": "河上公以虽有独知之明常如暗昧、不以耀乱人；王弼以光鉴其迷而不以光照求其隐匿，所谓明道若昧；成玄英以韬光晦迹不炫于物；御疏以韬晦明智不以炫耀；李荣以明道若昧；苏辙以能光而不用其能；吴澄以光者不能韬晦、以不光为光则不耀；憨山以虽光而不伤其耀。", "variants": [ "耀" ], "variantsSimp": [ "耀" ], "refs": [ "c074", "c075", "c076", "c077", "c078", "c079", "c080", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "refsSimp": [ "c074", "c075", "c076", "c077", "c078", "c079", "c080", "c061", "c062", "c012" ], "forms": [ { "form": "燿", "formSimp": "燿", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s010" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s010" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 16, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "順化", "headwordSimp": "顺化", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "順化", "formSimp": "顺化", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "其政悶悶章", "headwordSimp": "其政闷闷章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿本章章題。", "glossSimp": "《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "其政悶悶章", "formSimp": "其政闷闷章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "悶悶", "headwordSimp": "闷闷", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "寬大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "glossSimp": "宽大不苛察、似若不明之貌。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "悶悶", "formSimp": "闷闷", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "淳淳", "headwordSimp": "淳淳", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "淳厚樸實。", "glossSimp": "淳厚朴实。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "淳淳", "formSimp": "淳淳", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "醇醇", "headwordSimp": "醇醇", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公、憨山異文，義同淳淳。", "glossSimp": "河上公、憨山异文，义同淳淳。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "醇醇", "formSimp": "醇醇", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "察察", "headwordSimp": "察察", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "嚴苛明察。", "glossSimp": "严苛明察。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "察察", "formSimp": "察察", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "缺缺", "headwordSimp": "缺缺", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "凋敝、離散、不滿足。", "glossSimp": "凋敝、离散、不满足。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "缺缺", "formSimp": "缺缺", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "觖觖", "headwordSimp": "觖觖", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "一本異文，義同缺缺。", "glossSimp": "一本异文，义同缺缺。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "觖觖", "formSimp": "觖觖", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "禍兮福之所倚", "headwordSimp": "祸兮福之所倚", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "禍是福所依傍的地方。", "glossSimp": "祸是福所依傍的地方。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "禍兮福之所倚", "formSimp": "祸兮福之所倚", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "福兮禍之所伏", "headwordSimp": "福兮祸之所伏", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "福是禍所潛伏的地方。", "glossSimp": "福是祸所潜伏的地方。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "福兮禍之所伏", "formSimp": "福兮祸之所伏", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "倚", "headwordSimp": "倚", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "依傍、因依。", "glossSimp": "依傍、因依。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "倚", "formSimp": "倚", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "伏", "headwordSimp": "伏", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "潛藏、隱伏。", "glossSimp": "潜藏、隐伏。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "伏", "formSimp": "伏", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "孰知其極", "headwordSimp": "孰知其极", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "誰能知道它的究竟。", "glossSimp": "谁能知道它的究竟。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "孰知其極", "formSimp": "孰知其极", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "極", "headwordSimp": "极", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "究竟、終極。", "glossSimp": "究竟、终极。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "極", "formSimp": "极", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 30, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "其無正", "headwordSimp": "其无正", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "並沒有一定之正。", "glossSimp": "并没有一定之正。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "其無正", "formSimp": "其无正", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 31, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "正", "headwordSimp": "正", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "一定之準正、正道。", "glossSimp": "一定之准正、正道。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "正", "formSimp": "正", "kind": "headword", "count": 2, "sentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004", "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 2 }, { "order": 32, "id": "g017", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "奇", "headwordSimp": "奇", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "奇詭、不正。", "glossSimp": "奇诡、不正。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "奇", "formSimp": "奇", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 33, "id": "g018", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "妖", "headwordSimp": "妖", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "妖祥、妖孽。", "glossSimp": "妖祥、妖孽。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "妖", "formSimp": "妖", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 34, "id": "g019", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "訞", "headwordSimp": "𫍚", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "吳澄、魏源異文，義同妖。", "glossSimp": "吴澄、魏源异文，义同妖。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "訞", "formSimp": "𫍚", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 35, "id": "g020", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s006", "headword": "迷", "headwordSimp": "迷", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "迷惑、昏昧。", "glossSimp": "迷惑、昏昧。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "迷", "formSimp": "迷", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s006" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s006" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 36, "id": "g021", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "方", "headwordSimp": "方", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "方正、有稜角。", "glossSimp": "方正、有棱角。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "方", "formSimp": "方", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 37, "id": "g022", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s007", "headword": "割", "headwordSimp": "割", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "割傷、割截。", "glossSimp": "割伤、割截。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "割", "formSimp": "割", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s007" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s007" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 38, "id": "g023", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s008", "headword": "廉", "headwordSimp": "廉", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "廉潔、有稜角。", "glossSimp": "廉洁、有棱角。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "廉", "formSimp": "廉", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 39, "id": "g024", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s008", "headword": "劌", "headwordSimp": "刿", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "刺傷、割傷。", "glossSimp": "刺伤、割伤。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "劌", "formSimp": "刿", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s008" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s008" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 40, "id": "g025", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "穢", "headwordSimp": "秽", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "御注御疏、薛本異文，義同劌。", "glossSimp": "御注御疏、薛本异文，义同刿。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "穢", "formSimp": "秽", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 41, "id": "g026", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s009", "headword": "直", "headwordSimp": "直", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "正直。", "glossSimp": "正直。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "直", "formSimp": "直", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s009" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s009" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 42, "id": "g027", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s009", "headword": "肆", "headwordSimp": "肆", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "放縱、申直。", "glossSimp": "放纵、申直。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "肆", "formSimp": "肆", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s009" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s009" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 43, "id": "g028", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s010", "headword": "光", "headwordSimp": "光", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "明智、光明。", "glossSimp": "明智、光明。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "光", "formSimp": "光", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s010" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s010" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 44, "id": "g029", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s010", "headword": "燿", "headwordSimp": "燿", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "照耀、炫耀。", "glossSimp": "照耀、炫耀。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "燿", "formSimp": "燿", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s010" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s010" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 45, "id": "g030", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "耀", "headwordSimp": "耀", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "諸本異文，義同燿。", "glossSimp": "诸本异文，义同燿。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "耀", "formSimp": "耀", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 46, "id": "g031", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "大方無隅", "headwordSimp": "大方无隅", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "王弼引以釋方而不割。", "glossSimp": "王弼引以释方而不割。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大方無隅", "formSimp": "大方无隅", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 47, "id": "g032", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "大直若屈", "headwordSimp": "大直若屈", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "王弼、成玄英、李榮引以釋直而不肆。", "glossSimp": "王弼、成玄英、李荣引以释直而不肆。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大直若屈", "formSimp": "大直若屈", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 48, "id": "g033", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "明道若昧", "headwordSimp": "明道若昧", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "王弼、李榮引以釋光而不燿。", "glossSimp": "王弼、李荣引以释光而不燿。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "明道若昧", "formSimp": "明道若昧", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 49, "id": "g034", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "大廉不嗛", "headwordSimp": "大廉不嗛", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "成玄英引《莊子》語以釋廉而不劌。", "glossSimp": "成玄英引《庄子》语以释廉而不刿。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "大廉不嗛", "formSimp": "大廉不嗛", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 50, "id": "g035", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "西升經", "headwordSimp": "西升经", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "成玄英引以證迷來已久。", "glossSimp": "成玄英引以证迷来已久。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "西升經", "formSimp": "西升经", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 51, "id": "g036", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "淮南子", "headwordSimp": "淮南子", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "魏源校記謂其正文從《淮南子》及王弼。", "glossSimp": "魏源校记谓其正文从《淮南子》及王弼。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "淮南子", "formSimp": "淮南子", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 52, "id": "g037", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "傅奕", "headwordSimp": "傅奕", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "傅奕《道德經古本》；魏源校記引其異文。", "glossSimp": "傅奕《道德经古本》；魏源校记引其异文。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "傅奕", "formSimp": "傅奕", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 53, "id": "g038", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "薛本", "headwordSimp": "薛本", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "魏源校記所引薛氏校本。", "glossSimp": "魏源校记所引薛氏校本。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "薛本", "formSimp": "薛本", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第五十八章十句的十三家對照，為德經第二十一章。河上公此章據四部叢刊本，參校《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十五所引；王弼、陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本；憨山、魏源、王夫之據公開轉錄本。俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列。河上公題「順化」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章」，吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章。悶悶、察察，有寬容、苛察之別，亦有慢政實樂、能政實弊之說；禍福倚伏，有因禍得福、禍匿福中之異；其無正，有君不正其身、無可正舉、以無正為正之別；正復為奇、善復為妖，有以正治國則以奇用兵、執正未忘遣、正善相對而反諸說；聖人四句，有崇本息末、淨穢雙遣、無事之譬、養其所長等解。", "concepts": [ { "id": "qi-zheng-men-men-cha-cha", "name": "其政悶悶，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺", "nameTrad": "其政悶悶，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺", "question": "寬政與苛政何以各致其民之淳厚與凋敝？", "questionTrad": "寬政與苛政何以各致其民之淳厚與凋敝？", "intro": "河上公以悶悶為政教寬大、悶昩似若不明，故民淳淳富厚相親；察察為政教急疾、言決於口聽決於耳，故民不聊生而缺缺日以疏薄。王弼以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，悶悶然卒至於大治；察察為立刑名、明賞罰以檢姦僞，故殊類分析而民姦爭競。成玄英以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴，察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落，並謂治身者亦宜虚忘寬簡。唐玄宗以政教無為寬大則人應之淳淳質樸，有為苛急則人應之缺缺凋弊。李榮以政寬人悦、上恬靜下淳一，政急而煩則人困而乏。陸希聲以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊。呂惠卿以悶悶不以察為快、故民不澆於薄；察察反乎悶悶、故民不全於樸。蘇轍以聖人得其大全而遺其小察，視之悶悶而其民各全其性；世人以察為明，至於察甚傷物。吳澄以無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺。憨山以悶悶無知則民情不鑿、察察分星擘兩則民多不自安。王夫之以正必至奇，無事者正所正而我不治。諸家或以二政對舉見損益，或以慢政能政反顯實效，大旨以寬厚無擾則民淳、苛察多事則民敝。", "introTrad": "河上公以悶悶為政教寬大、悶昩似若不明，故民淳淳富厚相親；察察為政教急疾、言決於口聽決於耳，故民不聊生而缺缺日以疏薄。王弼以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，悶悶然卒至於大治；察察為立刑名、明賞罰以檢姦僞，故殊類分析而民姦爭競。成玄英以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴，察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落，並謂治身者亦宜虚忘寬簡。唐玄宗以政教無為寬大則人應之淳淳質樸，有為苛急則人應之缺缺凋弊。李榮以政寬人悦、上恬靜下淳一，政急而煩則人困而乏。陸希聲以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊。呂惠卿以悶悶不以察為快、故民不澆於薄；察察反乎悶悶、故民不全於樸。蘇轍以聖人得其大全而遺其小察，視之悶悶而其民各全其性；世人以察為明，至於察甚傷物。吳澄以無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺。憨山以悶悶無知則民情不鑿、察察分星擘兩則民多不自安。王夫之以正必至奇，無事者正所正而我不治。諸家或以二政對舉見損益，或以慢政能政反顯實效，大旨以寬厚無擾則民淳、苛察多事則民敝。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "悶悶為政教寬大悶昩，故民淳淳富厚；察察為政教急疾，故民缺缺疏薄。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶為政教寬大悶昩，故民淳淳富厚；察察為政教急疾，故民缺缺疏薄。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002", "c015", "c016" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "闷闷为政教宽大闷昩，故民淳淳富厚；察察为政教急疾，故民缺缺疏薄。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉；察察為立刑名明賞罰，故民姦爭競。", "thesisTrad": "善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉；察察為立刑名明賞罰，故民姦爭競。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c017" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举；察察为立刑名明赏罚，故民奸争竞。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "悶悶寬裕、淳淳質朴；察察嚴速、缺缺零落，治身亦宜虚忘寬簡。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶寬裕、淳淳質朴；察察嚴速、缺缺零落，治身亦宜虚忘寬簡。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005", "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "闷闷宽裕、淳淳质朴；察察严速、缺缺零落，治身亦宜虚忘宽简。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "政教無為寬大則人應之淳淳質樸，有為苛急則人應之缺缺凋弊。", "thesisTrad": "政教無為寬大則人應之淳淳質樸，有為苛急則人應之缺缺凋弊。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c007", "c019", "c020" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "政教无为宽大则人应之淳淳质朴，有为苛急则人应之缺缺凋弊。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "政寬人悦、上恬靜下淳一；政急而煩則人困而乏。", "thesisTrad": "政寬人悦、上恬靜下淳一；政急而煩則人困而乏。", "noteIds": [ "c008", "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "政宽人悦、上恬静下淳一；政急而烦则人困而乏。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "悶悶之政世人為慢政而其民實樂，察察之政世人謂能政而其民實弊。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶之政世人為慢政而其民實樂，察察之政世人謂能政而其民實弊。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "闷闷之政世人为慢政而其民实乐，察察之政世人谓能政而其民实弊。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "悶悶不以察為快故民不澆於薄，察察反乎悶悶故民不全於樸。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶不以察為快故民不澆於薄，察察反乎悶悶故民不全於樸。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "闷闷不以察为快故民不浇于薄，察察反乎闷闷故民不全于朴。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人得其大全而遺其小察，視之悶悶而其民各全其性。", "thesisTrad": "聖人得其大全而遺其小察，視之悶悶而其民各全其性。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人得其大全而遗其小察，视之闷闷而其民各全其性。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳，正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺。", "thesisTrad": "無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳，正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳，正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "悶悶無知則民情不鑿，察察分星擘兩則民多不自安。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶無知則民情不鑿，察察分星擘兩則民多不自安。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "闷闷无知则民情不凿，察察分星擘两则民多不自安。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校記出悶悶、淳淳、缺缺異文，正文從《淮南子》及王弼。", "thesisTrad": "校記出悶悶、淳淳、缺缺異文，正文從《淮南子》及王弼。", "noteIds": [ "c013" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校记出闷闷、淳淳、缺缺异文，正文从《淮南子》及王弼。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "正必至奇、治國必至用兵；無事者正所正而我不治。", "thesisTrad": "正必至奇、治國必至用兵；無事者正所正而我不治。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "正必至奇、治国必至用兵；无事者正所正而我不治。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以政教寬大、急疾對舉立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以政教寬大、急疾對舉立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以政教宽大、急疾对举立说。" }, { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無形無名、無事無正可舉申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以無形無名、無事無正可舉申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无形无名、无事无正可举申之。" }, { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以寬裕、質朴分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以寬裕、質朴分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以宽裕、质朴分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以無為寬大、有為苛急立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以無為寬大、有為苛急立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以无为宽大、有为苛急立说。" }, { "noteId": "c008", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以政寬人悦、政急人困轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以政寬人悦、政急人困轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以政宽人悦、政急人困转进。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以慢政實樂、能政實弊別解。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以慢政實樂、能政實弊別解。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以慢政实乐、能政实弊别解。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以不澆於薄、不全於樸對舉。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以不澆於薄、不全於樸對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以不浇于薄、不全于朴对举。" }, { "noteId": "c012", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以民情不鑿、分星擘兩分疏。", "textTrad": "憨山以民情不鑿、分星擘兩分疏。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以民情不凿、分星擘两分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以正必至奇、無事者不治總結。", "textTrad": "王夫之以正必至奇、無事者不治總結。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以正必至奇、无事者不治总结。" } ], "nameSimp": "其政闷闷，其民淳淳；其政察察，其民缺缺", "questionSimp": "宽政与苛政何以各致其民之淳厚与凋敝？", "introSimp": "河上公以闷闷为政教宽大、闷昩似若不明，故民淳淳富厚相亲；察察为政教急疾、言决于口听决于耳，故民不聊生而缺缺日以疏薄。王弼以善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举，闷闷然卒至于大治；察察为立刑名、明赏罚以检奸伪，故殊类分析而民奸争竞。成玄英以闷闷为宽裕、淳淳为质朴，察察为严速、缺缺为零落，并谓治身者亦宜虚忘宽简。唐玄宗以政教无为宽大则人应之淳淳质朴，有为苛急则人应之缺缺凋弊。李荣以政宽人悦、上恬静下淳一，政急而烦则人困而乏。陆希声以闷闷之政世人为之慢政而其民实乐、察察之政世人谓之能政而其民实弊。吕惠卿以闷闷不以察为快、故民不浇于薄；察察反乎闷闷、故民不全于朴。苏辙以圣人得其大全而遗其小察，视之闷闷而其民各全其性；世人以察为明，至于察甚伤物。吴澄以无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺。憨山以闷闷无知则民情不凿、察察分星擘两则民多不自安。王夫之以正必至奇，无事者正所正而我不治。诸家或以二政对举见损益，或以慢政能政反显实效，大旨以宽厚无扰则民淳、苛察多事则民敝。" }, { "id": "huo-xi-fu-suo-yi", "name": "禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏", "nameTrad": "禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏", "question": "禍福何以相倚伏而無定？", "questionTrad": "禍福何以相倚伏而無定？", "intro": "河上公以倚為因，福因禍而生，人遭禍而能悔過責己、修善行道，則禍去福來；禍伏匿於福中，人得福而為驕恣，則福去禍來。王弼無專注，其注孰知其極、其無正，謂唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也，即所以申禍福無定之義。成玄英以倚為因、伏為匿，謂悶悶則致福、察察則招禍，二事近由一心，福倚在禍中、禍伏在福內。唐玄宗御注以倚為因、伏為藏，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳，是禍為福之所因；察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，是福為禍所藏。御疏逐句申之，謂失道喪德、習僞尚華，故禍福循環、倚伏無準。嚴遵輯文以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域，去福則無禍、無禍則無福，無福之福至微玄極。李榮以人在苦而思樂、改惡而從善，因禍而得福；處樂而荒淫、在貴而驕縱，則禍匿於福中。陸希聲以為世之所謂禍者莫不畏惡，而福立其中；所謂福者莫不喜好，而禍藏其間。呂惠卿以時有終始、世有變化，有所拂者世所謂禍而有所宜則福所倚，有所宜者世所謂福而有所拂則禍所伏。吳澄以人以為禍者不知福倚於禍之旁、人以為福者不知禍伏於福之中。憨山以禍福之機端在人心所萌，機善則禍轉為福，機不善則福轉為禍。魏源僅存校記，無疏解。諸家或以禍福相因明倚伏，或以一心善惡、世事變化釋之，大旨以禍福無定而不可執一。", "introTrad": "河上公以倚為因，福因禍而生，人遭禍而能悔過責己、修善行道，則禍去福來；禍伏匿於福中，人得福而為驕恣，則福去禍來。王弼無專注，其注孰知其極、其無正，謂唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也，即所以申禍福無定之義。成玄英以倚為因、伏為匿，謂悶悶則致福、察察則招禍，二事近由一心，福倚在禍中、禍伏在福內。唐玄宗御注以倚為因、伏為藏，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳，是禍為福之所因；察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，是福為禍所藏。御疏逐句申之，謂失道喪德、習僞尚華，故禍福循環、倚伏無準。嚴遵輯文以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域，去福則無禍、無禍則無福，無福之福至微玄極。李榮以人在苦而思樂、改惡而從善，因禍而得福；處樂而荒淫、在貴而驕縱，則禍匿於福中。陸希聲以為世之所謂禍者莫不畏惡，而福立其中；所謂福者莫不喜好，而禍藏其間。呂惠卿以時有終始、世有變化，有所拂者世所謂禍而有所宜則福所倚，有所宜者世所謂福而有所拂則禍所伏。吳澄以人以為禍者不知福倚於禍之旁、人以為福者不知禍伏於福之中。憨山以禍福之機端在人心所萌，機善則禍轉為福，機不善則福轉為禍。魏源僅存校記，無疏解。諸家或以禍福相因明倚伏，或以一心善惡、世事變化釋之，大旨以禍福無定而不可執一。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "福因禍而生，禍伏匿於福中；悔過修善則禍去福來，驕恣則福去禍來。", "thesisTrad": "福因禍而生，禍伏匿於福中；悔過修善則禍去福來，驕恣則福去禍來。", "noteIds": [ "c022", "c023" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "福因祸而生，祸伏匿于福中；悔过修善则祸去福来，骄恣则福去祸来。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也。", "thesisTrad": "唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "唯无可正举、无可形名，闷闷然而天下大化，是其极也。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "悶悶致福、察察招禍，福倚禍中、禍伏福內，二事近由一心。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶致福、察察招禍，福倚禍中、禍伏福內，二事近由一心。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "闷闷致福、察察招祸，福倚祸中、祸伏福内，二事近由一心。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "悶悶之政人反淳淳是禍為福因，察察之政人反缺缺是福為禍藏。", "thesisTrad": "悶悶之政人反淳淳是禍為福因，察察之政人反缺缺是福為禍藏。", "noteIds": [ "c026", "c027" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "闷闷之政人反淳淳是祸为福因，察察之政人反缺缺是福为祸藏。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "輯文", "workTypeTrad": "輯文", "thesis": "福生於禍、禍生於福，同營異域；去福則無禍，無福之福至微玄極。", "thesisTrad": "福生於禍、禍生於福，同營異域；去福則無禍，無福之福至微玄極。", "noteIds": [ "c028" ], "workTypeSimp": "辑文", "thesisSimp": "福生于祸、祸生于福，同营异域；去福则无祸，无福之福至微玄极。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "因禍得福，處樂驕縱則禍匿福中；輪回苦樂，來去誰知窮極。", "thesisTrad": "因禍得福，處樂驕縱則禍匿福中；輪回苦樂，來去誰知窮極。", "noteIds": [ "c029" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "因祸得福，处乐骄纵则祸匿福中；轮回苦乐，来去谁知穷极。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "世所謂禍者福立其中，世所謂福者禍藏其間。", "thesisTrad": "世所謂禍者福立其中，世所謂福者禍藏其間。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "世所谓祸者福立其中，世所谓福者祸藏其间。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "有所拂者世所謂禍而有所宜則福所倚，有所宜者世所謂福而有所拂則禍所伏。", "thesisTrad": "有所拂者世所謂禍而有所宜則福所倚，有所宜者世所謂福而有所拂則禍所伏。", "noteIds": [ "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "有所拂者世所谓祸而有所宜则福所倚，有所宜者世所谓福而有所拂则祸所伏。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "人以為禍者不知福倚其旁，人以為福者不知禍伏其中。", "thesisTrad": "人以為禍者不知福倚其旁，人以為福者不知禍伏其中。", "noteIds": [ "c011" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "人以为祸者不知福倚其旁，人以为福者不知祸伏其中。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "禍福之機端在人心，機善則禍轉為福，機不善則福轉為禍。", "thesisTrad": "禍福之機端在人心，機善則禍轉為福，機不善則福轉為禍。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "祸福之机端在人心，机善则祸转为福，机不善则福转为祸。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校記《韓非子》所倚所伏上有「之」字。", "thesisTrad": "校記《韓非子》所倚所伏上有「之」字。", "noteIds": [ "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校记《韩非子》所倚所伏上有「之」字。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知其無正則亦知其無奇，常循其沖。", "thesisTrad": "知其無正則亦知其無奇，常循其沖。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知其无正则亦知其无奇，常循其冲。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以倚因伏匿立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以倚因伏匿立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以倚因伏匿立说。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無可正舉、天下大化申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以無可正舉、天下大化申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无可正举、天下大化申之。" }, { "noteId": "c025", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以福倚禍中、禍伏福內分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以福倚禍中、禍伏福內分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以福倚祸中、祸伏福内分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c026", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以禍為福因、福為禍藏立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以禍為福因、福為禍藏立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以祸为福因、福为祸藏立说。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "輯文", "relationTrad": "輯文", "text": "嚴遵以同營異域、去福無禍轉進。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以同營異域、去福無禍轉進。", "relationSimp": "辑文", "textSimp": "严遵以同营异域、去福无祸转进。" }, { "noteId": "c029", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以因禍得福、禍匿福中對舉。", "textTrad": "李榮以因禍得福、禍匿福中對舉。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以因祸得福、祸匿福中对举。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以福倚禍旁、禍伏福中總結。", "textTrad": "吳澄以福倚禍旁、禍伏福中總結。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以福倚祸旁、祸伏福中总结。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "按語", "relationTrad": "按語", "text": "魏源存《韓非子》異文校記。", "textTrad": "魏源存《韓非子》異文校記。", "relationSimp": "按语", "textSimp": "魏源存《韩非子》异文校记。" } ], "nameSimp": "祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏", "questionSimp": "祸福何以相倚伏而无定？", "introSimp": "河上公以倚为因，福因祸而生，人遭祸而能悔过责己、修善行道，则祸去福来；祸伏匿于福中，人得福而为骄恣，则福去祸来。王弼无专注，其注孰知其极、其无正，谓唯无可正举、无可形名，闷闷然而天下大化，是其极也，即所以申祸福无定之义。成玄英以倚为因、伏为匿，谓闷闷则致福、察察则招祸，二事近由一心，福倚在祸中、祸伏在福内。唐玄宗御注以倚为因、伏为藏，谓闷闷之政俗以为恶而人反淳淳，是祸为福之所因；察察之政俗以为善而人反缺缺，是福为祸所藏。御疏逐句申之，谓失道丧德、习伪尚华，故祸福循环、倚伏无准。严遵辑文以福生于祸、祸生于福、同营异域，去福则无祸、无祸则无福，无福之福至微玄极。李荣以人在苦而思乐、改恶而从善，因祸而得福；处乐而荒淫、在贵而骄纵，则祸匿于福中。陆希声以为世之所谓祸者莫不畏恶，而福立其中；所谓福者莫不喜好，而祸藏其间。吕惠卿以时有终始、世有变化，有所拂者世所谓祸而有所宜则福所倚，有所宜者世所谓福而有所拂则祸所伏。吴澄以人以为祸者不知福倚于祸之旁、人以为福者不知祸伏于福之中。憨山以祸福之机端在人心所萌，机善则祸转为福，机不善则福转为祸。魏源仅存校记，无疏解。诸家或以祸福相因明倚伏，或以一心善恶、世事变化释之，大旨以祸福无定而不可执一。" }, { "id": "shu-zhi-qi-ji-qi-wu-zheng", "name": "孰知其極？其無正", "nameTrad": "孰知其極？其無正", "question": "禍福正奇有無一定之準？", "questionTrad": "禍福正奇有無一定之準？", "intro": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；其無正，謂人君不正其身，其無國也。王弼以誰知善治之極乎，唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也。成玄英以孰為誰，謂福禍之徵起乎善惡，業既不定、報亦隨之，輪轉三羅、迴還六道，唯上士達人忘我濟物、不為善惡之因，故無禍福之報。唐玄宗御注以其無正耶為衆生迷執，正者復以為奇詐、善者復以為妖祥；御疏以禍福循環、倚伏無準，誰有知其窮極，又謂人不能體道無為、妄生迷執，故失其正。李榮以寂寞獨立之真始乃為正，人多積塵垢之行、少有清虚之基，故云其無正。陸希聲以雖禍福相因、莫知所極，考其善惡豈無正，政寬民淳可謂正道。蘇轍以福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正而迷者不知。吳澄以正與不正對、善與不善對，正一反則為奇、善一反則為訞，惟無所謂正、無所謂善，而不至反為奇之訞；以無正為正，則與無事取天下者何以異。憨山以世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。魏源僅存校記，云河上無「邪」字。王夫之以知其無正則亦知其無奇，而常循其沖。諸家或以無正為無可正舉之至治，或以無正為人失其正，或以無正為超越正善相對之真，大旨以正無定準而不可執。", "introTrad": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；其無正，謂人君不正其身，其無國也。王弼以誰知善治之極乎，唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化，是其極也。成玄英以孰為誰，謂福禍之徵起乎善惡，業既不定、報亦隨之，輪轉三羅、迴還六道，唯上士達人忘我濟物、不為善惡之因，故無禍福之報。唐玄宗御注以其無正耶為衆生迷執，正者復以為奇詐、善者復以為妖祥；御疏以禍福循環、倚伏無準，誰有知其窮極，又謂人不能體道無為、妄生迷執，故失其正。李榮以寂寞獨立之真始乃為正，人多積塵垢之行、少有清虚之基，故云其無正。陸希聲以雖禍福相因、莫知所極，考其善惡豈無正，政寬民淳可謂正道。蘇轍以福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正而迷者不知。吳澄以正與不正對、善與不善對，正一反則為奇、善一反則為訞，惟無所謂正、無所謂善，而不至反為奇之訞；以無正為正，則與無事取天下者何以異。憨山以世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。魏源僅存校記，云河上無「邪」字。王夫之以知其無正則亦知其無奇，而常循其沖。諸家或以無正為無可正舉之至治，或以無正為人失其正，或以無正為超越正善相對之真，大旨以正無定準而不可執。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；其無正謂人君不正其身則無國。", "thesisTrad": "禍福更相生、無能知其窮極；其無正謂人君不正其身則無國。", "noteIds": [ "c031", "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "祸福更相生、无能知其穷极；其无正谓人君不正其身则无国。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "善治之極唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化。", "thesisTrad": "善治之極唯無可正舉、無可形名，悶悶然而天下大化。", "noteIds": [ "c024" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "善治之极唯无可正举、无可形名，闷闷然而天下大化。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "福禍之徵起乎善惡，業報輪轉；唯達人忘我不為善惡之因，故無禍福之報。", "thesisTrad": "福禍之徵起乎善惡，業報輪轉；唯達人忘我不為善惡之因，故無禍福之報。", "noteIds": [ "c025" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "福祸之征起乎善恶，业报轮转；唯达人忘我不为善恶之因，故无祸福之报。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "御注以衆生迷執、正善顛倒釋其無正；御疏以失道喪德、妄生迷執釋之。", "thesisTrad": "御注以衆生迷執、正善顛倒釋其無正；御疏以失道喪德、妄生迷執釋之。", "noteIds": [ "c033", "c034", "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "御注以众生迷执、正善颠倒释其无正；御疏以失道丧德、妄生迷执释之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "寂寞獨立之真始為正；人多塵垢之行，故云其無正。", "thesisTrad": "寂寞獨立之真始為正；人多塵垢之行，故云其無正。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "寂寞独立之真始为正；人多尘垢之行，故云其无正。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "禍福相因莫知所極，考其善惡豈無正，政寬民淳可謂正道。", "thesisTrad": "禍福相因莫知所極，考其善惡豈無正，政寬民淳可謂正道。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "祸福相因莫知所极，考其善恶岂无正，政宽民淳可谓正道。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正。", "thesisTrad": "福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，未始有正。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "正與不正對、善與不善對，惟無所謂正善而不至反為奇訞；以無正為正。", "thesisTrad": "正與不正對、善與不善對，惟無所謂正善而不至反為奇訞；以無正為正。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "正与不正对、善与不善对，惟无所谓正善而不至反为奇𫍚；以无正为正。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。", "thesisTrad": "世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以為奇詭。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以为奇诡。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校記其無正邪，河上無「邪」字，傅奕作「邪」。", "thesisTrad": "校記其無正邪，河上無「邪」字，傅奕作「邪」。", "noteIds": [ "c037" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校记其无正邪，河上无「邪」字，傅奕作「邪」。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "知其無正則亦知其無奇，而常循其沖。", "thesisTrad": "知其無正則亦知其無奇，而常循其沖。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "知其无正则亦知其无奇，而常循其冲。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其極立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以禍福更相生、無能知其極立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以祸福更相生、无能知其极立说。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以無可正舉、天下大化申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以無可正舉、天下大化申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以无可正举、天下大化申之。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "河上公以人君不正其身別釋其無正。", "textTrad": "河上公以人君不正其身別釋其無正。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "河上公以人君不正其身别释其无正。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以衆生迷執立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以衆生迷執立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以众生迷执立说。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以正善相對、以無正為正轉進。", "textTrad": "吳澄以正善相對、以無正為正轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以正善相对、以无正为正转进。" }, { "noteId": "c037", "relation": "按語", "relationTrad": "按語", "text": "魏源存「邪」字異文校記。", "textTrad": "魏源存「邪」字異文校記。", "relationSimp": "按语", "textSimp": "魏源存「邪」字异文校记。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "衍", "relationTrad": "衍", "text": "王夫之以知其無正則知其無奇總結。", "textTrad": "王夫之以知其無正則知其無奇總結。", "relationSimp": "衍", "textSimp": "王夫之以知其无正则知其无奇总结。" } ], "nameSimp": "孰知其极？其无正", "questionSimp": "祸福正奇有无一定之准？", "introSimp": "河上公以祸福更相生、无能知其穷极；其无正，谓人君不正其身，其无国也。王弼以谁知善治之极乎，唯无可正举、无可形名，闷闷然而天下大化，是其极也。成玄英以孰为谁，谓福祸之征起乎善恶，业既不定、报亦随之，轮转三罗、回还六道，唯上士达人忘我济物、不为善恶之因，故无祸福之报。唐玄宗御注以其无正耶为众生迷执，正者复以为奇诈、善者复以为妖祥；御疏以祸福循环、倚伏无准，谁有知其穷极，又谓人不能体道无为、妄生迷执，故失其正。李荣以寂寞独立之真始乃为正，人多积尘垢之行、少有清虚之基，故云其无正。陆希声以虽祸福相因、莫知所极，考其善恶岂无正，政宽民淳可谓正道。苏辙以福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，未始有正而迷者不知。吴澄以正与不正对、善与不善对，正一反则为奇、善一反则为𫍚，惟无所谓正、无所谓善，而不至反为奇之𫍚；以无正为正，则与无事取天下者何以异。憨山以世衰道微、邪正不分，本示以正而彼反以为奇诡。魏源仅存校记，云河上无「邪」字。王夫之以知其无正则亦知其无奇，而常循其冲。诸家或以无正为无可正举之至治，或以无正为人失其正，或以无正为超越正善相对之真，大旨以正无定准而不可执。" }, { "id": "zheng-fu-wei-qi-shan-fu-wei-yao", "name": "正復為奇，善復為妖", "nameTrad": "正復為奇，善復為妖", "question": "正與善何以反而為奇為妖？", "questionTrad": "正與善何以反而為奇為妖？", "intro": "河上公以奇為詐，人君不正則下雖正而復化上為詐；善人皆復化上為妖祥。王弼以正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患。成玄英以有心學正道者執正為正、未解忘遣，不與實性相應，故為虚詐；縱為善者猶執名言、既乖正理，適為妖孽，並引《莊子》為聲為名、為妖為孽為證。唐玄宗御注以其無正耶下連讀，謂衆生迷執，正者復以為奇詐、善者復以為妖祥；御疏以此釋迷正所由，謂衆生迷於禍福、正處於正不明，以正者為奇詐，於善不了、謂善者為妖祥。李榮以奇為異、妖為惡，謂善惡往還之業并是耶，寂寞獨立之真始乃為正；正不常正、俄然變異故為奇，善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖。陸希聲以知正道而不遵反為奇衺，聞善訓而不信復為妖孽。蘇轍以正之為奇、善之為妖如老稚生死相繼。吳澄以正一反則為不正之奇，善一反則為不善之訞。憨山以本示以正而彼反以為奇詭，本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。魏源僅存校記，云王弼作「妖」、傅奕此字原闕。諸家或以正善之執著生弊，或以相對相反而轉，大旨以正善無定而執之則失。", "introTrad": "河上公以奇為詐，人君不正則下雖正而復化上為詐；善人皆復化上為妖祥。王弼以正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患。成玄英以有心學正道者執正為正、未解忘遣，不與實性相應，故為虚詐；縱為善者猶執名言、既乖正理，適為妖孽，並引《莊子》為聲為名、為妖為孽為證。唐玄宗御注以其無正耶下連讀，謂衆生迷執，正者復以為奇詐、善者復以為妖祥；御疏以此釋迷正所由，謂衆生迷於禍福、正處於正不明，以正者為奇詐，於善不了、謂善者為妖祥。李榮以奇為異、妖為惡，謂善惡往還之業并是耶，寂寞獨立之真始乃為正；正不常正、俄然變異故為奇，善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖。陸希聲以知正道而不遵反為奇衺，聞善訓而不信復為妖孽。蘇轍以正之為奇、善之為妖如老稚生死相繼。吳澄以正一反則為不正之奇，善一反則為不善之訞。憨山以本示以正而彼反以為奇詭，本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。魏源僅存校記，云王弼作「妖」、傅奕此字原闕。諸家或以正善之執著生弊，或以相對相反而轉，大旨以正善無定而執之則失。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "奇為詐，人君不正則下化上為詐；善人皆復化上為妖祥。", "thesisTrad": "奇為詐，人君不正則下化上為詐；善人皆復化上為妖祥。", "noteIds": [ "c038", "c039" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "奇为诈，人君不正则下化上为诈；善人皆复化上为妖祥。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "以正治國則便復以奇用兵，立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患。", "thesisTrad": "以正治國則便復以奇用兵，立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患。", "noteIds": [ "c040", "c041" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "以正治国则便复以奇用兵，立善以和万物则便复有妖之患。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "執正未解忘遣故為虚詐，執名言乖正理故為妖孽。", "thesisTrad": "執正未解忘遣故為虚詐，執名言乖正理故為妖孽。", "noteIds": [ "c042" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "执正未解忘遣故为虚诈，执名言乖正理故为妖孽。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "御注以衆生迷執、以正為奇詐、以善為妖祥；御疏以迷於禍福、正處於正不明釋之。", "thesisTrad": "御注以衆生迷執、以正為奇詐、以善為妖祥；御疏以迷於禍福、正處於正不明釋之。", "noteIds": [ "c033", "c043" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "御注以众生迷执、以正为奇诈、以善为妖祥；御疏以迷于祸福、正处于正不明释之。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "正不常正、俄然變異故為奇；善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖。", "thesisTrad": "正不常正、俄然變異故為奇；善不恒善、還即造惡故為妖。", "noteIds": [ "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "正不常正、俄然变异故为奇；善不恒善、还即造恶故为妖。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "知正道而不遵反為奇衺，聞善訓而不信復為妖孽。", "thesisTrad": "知正道而不遵反為奇衺，聞善訓而不信復為妖孽。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "知正道而不遵反为奇衺，闻善训而不信复为妖孽。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "正之為奇、善之為妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正。", "thesisTrad": "正之為奇、善之為妖如老稚生死相繼，未始有正。", "noteIds": [ "c052" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "正之为奇、善之为妖如老稚生死相继，未始有正。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "正一反則為不正之奇，善一反則為不善之訞；無所謂正善則不至反。", "thesisTrad": "正一反則為不正之奇，善一反則為不善之訞；無所謂正善則不至反。", "noteIds": [ "c036" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "正一反则为不正之奇，善一反则为不善之𫍚；无所谓正善则不至反。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "本示以正而彼反以為奇詭，本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。", "thesisTrad": "本示以正而彼反以為奇詭，本教以善而彼反以為妖怪。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "本示以正而彼反以为奇诡，本教以善而彼反以为妖怪。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校記善復為訞，王弼作「妖」，傅奕此字原闕。", "thesisTrad": "校記善復為訞，王弼作「妖」，傅奕此字原闕。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校记善复为𫍚，王弼作「妖」，傅奕此字原阙。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "今之矯，後之所矯；知其無正則亦知其無奇。", "thesisTrad": "今之矯，後之所矯；知其無正則亦知其無奇。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "今之矫，后之所矫；知其无正则亦知其无奇。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c038", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以奇詐、妖祥立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以奇詐、妖祥立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以奇诈、妖祥立说。" }, { "noteId": "c040", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以正治國則以奇用兵申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以正治國則以奇用兵申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以正治国则以奇用兵申之。" }, { "noteId": "c041", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以立善和物則有妖患轉進。", "textTrad": "王弼以立善和物則有妖患轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以立善和物则有妖患转进。" }, { "noteId": "c042", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以執正、執名言分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以執正、執名言分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以执正、执名言分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "唐玄宗以迷正所由申說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以迷正所由申說。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以迷正所由申说。" }, { "noteId": "c044", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以正不常正、善不恒善別解。", "textTrad": "李榮以正不常正、善不恒善別解。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以正不常正、善不恒善别解。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "按語", "relationTrad": "按語", "text": "魏源存「妖」「訞」異文校記。", "textTrad": "魏源存「妖」「訞」異文校記。", "relationSimp": "按语", "textSimp": "魏源存「妖」「𫍚」异文校记。" } ], "nameSimp": "正复为奇，善复为妖", "questionSimp": "正与善何以反而为奇为妖？", "introSimp": "河上公以奇为诈，人君不正则下虽正而复化上为诈；善人皆复化上为妖祥。王弼以正复为奇即以正治国则便复以奇用兵，善复为妖即立善以和万物则便复有妖之患。成玄英以有心学正道者执正为正、未解忘遣，不与实性相应，故为虚诈；纵为善者犹执名言、既乖正理，适为妖孽，并引《庄子》为声为名、为妖为孽为证。唐玄宗御注以其无正耶下连读，谓众生迷执，正者复以为奇诈、善者复以为妖祥；御疏以此释迷正所由，谓众生迷于祸福、正处于正不明，以正者为奇诈，于善不了、谓善者为妖祥。李荣以奇为异、妖为恶，谓善恶往还之业并是耶，寂寞独立之真始乃为正；正不常正、俄然变异故为奇，善不恒善、还即造恶故为妖。陆希声以知正道而不遵反为奇衺，闻善训而不信复为妖孽。苏辙以正之为奇、善之为妖如老稚生死相继。吴澄以正一反则为不正之奇，善一反则为不善之𫍚。憨山以本示以正而彼反以为奇诡，本教以善而彼反以为妖怪。魏源仅存校记，云王弼作「妖」、傅奕此字原阙。诸家或以正善之执着生弊，或以相对相反而转，大旨以正善无定而执之则失。" }, { "id": "fang-lian-zhi-guang", "name": "是以聖人方而不割，廉而不劌，直而不肆，光而不燿", "nameTrad": "是以聖人方而不割，廉而不劌，直而不肆，光而不燿", "question": "聖人四事何以各有其能而不盡其用？", "questionTrad": "聖人四事何以各有其能而不盡其用？", "intro": "河上公以行方正欲以率下而不以割截人，廉清欲以化民而不以傷害人，雖直而曲己從人不自申，雖有獨知之明而常如闇昩不以耀亂人。王弼以方導物、不以方割物，所謂大方無隅；以清廉清民而不以清廉劌傷於物；以直導物而不以直激沸於物，所謂直若屈；以光鑒其所以迷而不以光照求其隱匿，所謂明道若昧；總謂崇本息末、不攻而使復。成玄英以體道方正、不宰不割；淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘；曲從於物、不申己直；韜光晦迹、不炫於物。唐玄宗御注以不割彼而為方、不穢彼而為廉、不申彼而為直、不耀彼而為光，修之身而天下自化；御疏逐句申說，謂身行方正而物自正，非立言教裁割於物。李榮以邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割；凡情貪而濁、聖道廉而清；大直若屈、不顯正以示人；明道若昩。陸希聲以大方為德而無所割、至廉為行而無所劌傷、大直為心而無所肆訐、天光為用而無所炫曜。呂惠卿以方而不割故不以一人斷制利天下，廉而不劌故勝物而不傷，直而不肆故能曲全而枉直，光而不耀故用其光復歸其明。蘇轍以雖能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷於一偏而不反。吳澄以方如物之方、廉如堂之廉，其稜皆如刀刃，聖人以不事為事，故以不方為方、不廉為廉、不直為直、不光為光，四句皆無事之譬。憨山以聖人有所長而能養其所長，故雖方廉直光而不傷於割劌肆耀。魏源僅存校記，云劌河上作害、薛本作穢，耀諸本作耀。王夫之以遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。諸家或以四句為崇本息末、為無事之譬、為養其所長，大旨以有其實而不露其鋒。", "introTrad": "河上公以行方正欲以率下而不以割截人，廉清欲以化民而不以傷害人，雖直而曲己從人不自申，雖有獨知之明而常如闇昩不以耀亂人。王弼以方導物、不以方割物，所謂大方無隅；以清廉清民而不以清廉劌傷於物；以直導物而不以直激沸於物，所謂直若屈；以光鑒其所以迷而不以光照求其隱匿，所謂明道若昧；總謂崇本息末、不攻而使復。成玄英以體道方正、不宰不割；淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘；曲從於物、不申己直；韜光晦迹、不炫於物。唐玄宗御注以不割彼而為方、不穢彼而為廉、不申彼而為直、不耀彼而為光，修之身而天下自化；御疏逐句申說，謂身行方正而物自正，非立言教裁割於物。李榮以邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割；凡情貪而濁、聖道廉而清；大直若屈、不顯正以示人；明道若昩。陸希聲以大方為德而無所割、至廉為行而無所劌傷、大直為心而無所肆訐、天光為用而無所炫曜。呂惠卿以方而不割故不以一人斷制利天下，廉而不劌故勝物而不傷，直而不肆故能曲全而枉直，光而不耀故用其光復歸其明。蘇轍以雖能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷於一偏而不反。吳澄以方如物之方、廉如堂之廉，其稜皆如刀刃，聖人以不事為事，故以不方為方、不廉為廉、不直為直、不光為光，四句皆無事之譬。憨山以聖人有所長而能養其所長，故雖方廉直光而不傷於割劌肆耀。魏源僅存校記，云劌河上作害、薛本作穢，耀諸本作耀。王夫之以遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。諸家或以四句為崇本息末、為無事之譬、為養其所長，大旨以有其實而不露其鋒。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "率下而不割截，化民而不傷害，曲己從人，常如闇昩。", "thesisTrad": "率下而不割截，化民而不傷害，曲己從人，常如闇昩。", "noteIds": [ "c055", "c063", "c069", "c074" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "率下而不割截，化民而不伤害，曲己从人，常如暗昩。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "方廉直光皆以導物而不傷物；崇本息末、不攻而使復。", "thesisTrad": "方廉直光皆以導物而不傷物；崇本息末、不攻而使復。", "noteIds": [ "c056", "c064", "c070", "c075", "c076" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "方廉直光皆以导物而不伤物；崇本息末、不攻而使复。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "體道方正而不宰割，淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘，曲從於物，韜光晦迹。", "thesisTrad": "體道方正而不宰割，淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘，曲從於物，韜光晦迹。", "noteIds": [ "c057", "c065", "c071", "c077" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "体道方正而不宰割，净秽双遣、贪廉两忘，曲从于物，韬光晦迹。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "不割彼而為方，不穢彼而為廉，不申彼而為直，不耀彼而為光；修之身而天下自化。", "thesisTrad": "不割彼而為方，不穢彼而為廉，不申彼而為直，不耀彼而為光；修之身而天下自化。", "noteIds": [ "c058", "c059", "c066", "c072", "c078" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "不割彼而为方，不秽彼而为廉，不申彼而为直，不耀彼而为光；修之身而天下自化。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "邪行則物我俱傷，正道則彼此無割；大直若屈，明道若昩。", "thesisTrad": "邪行則物我俱傷，正道則彼此無割；大直若屈，明道若昩。", "noteIds": [ "c060", "c067", "c073", "c079" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "邪行则物我俱伤，正道则彼此无割；大直若屈，明道若昩。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "大方為德而無所割，至廉為行而無所劌傷，大直為心而無所肆訐，天光為用而無所炫曜。", "thesisTrad": "大方為德而無所割，至廉為行而無所劌傷，大直為心而無所肆訐，天光為用而無所炫曜。", "noteIds": [ "c009" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "大方为德而无所割，至廉为行而无所刿伤，大直为心而无所肆讦，天光为用而无所炫曜。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "方而不割故不以一人斷制利天下，光而不耀故用其光復歸其明。", "thesisTrad": "方而不割故不以一人斷制利天下，光而不耀故用其光復歸其明。", "noteIds": [ "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "方而不割故不以一人断制利天下，光而不耀故用其光复归其明。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "雖能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷於一偏而不反。", "thesisTrad": "雖能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷於一偏而不反。", "noteIds": [ "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "虽能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷于一偏而不反。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "聖人以不事為事，以不方為方、不廉為廉、不直為直、不光為光，四句皆無事之譬。", "thesisTrad": "聖人以不事為事，以不方為方、不廉為廉、不直為直、不光為光，四句皆無事之譬。", "noteIds": [ "c062" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "圣人以不事为事，以不方为方、不廉为廉、不直为直、不光为光，四句皆无事之譬。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "聖人有所長而能養其所長，雖方廉直光而不傷於割劌肆耀。", "thesisTrad": "聖人有所長而能養其所長，雖方廉直光而不傷於割劌肆耀。", "noteIds": [ "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "圣人有所长而能养其所长，虽方廉直光而不伤于割刿肆耀。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "校記劌河上作害、薛本作穢；耀諸本作耀，河上本以下別為一章。", "thesisTrad": "校記劌河上作害、薛本作穢；耀諸本作耀，河上本以下別為一章。", "noteIds": [ "c068", "c080" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "校记刿河上作害、薛本作秽；耀诸本作耀，河上本以下别为一章。" }, "wangfuzhi": { "workType": "衍", "workTypeTrad": "衍", "thesis": "遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。", "thesisTrad": "遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "衍", "thesisSimp": "远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以率下不割截立說。", "textTrad": "河上公以率下不割截立說。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以率下不割截立说。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以大方無隅申之。", "textTrad": "王弼以大方無隅申之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以大方无隅申之。" }, { "noteId": "c057", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以不宰不割分疏。", "textTrad": "成玄英以不宰不割分疏。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以不宰不割分疏。" }, { "noteId": "c058", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以不割彼而為方立說。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以不割彼而為方立說。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以不割彼而为方立说。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以彼此無割轉進。", "textTrad": "李榮以彼此無割轉進。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以彼此无割转进。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以大方至廉、大直天光對舉。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以大方至廉、大直天光對舉。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以大方至廉、大直天光对举。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以不用其能別解。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以不用其能別解。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以不用其能别解。" }, { "noteId": "c062", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以無事之譬總結。", "textTrad": "吳澄以無事之譬總結。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以无事之譬总结。" }, { "noteId": "c080", "relation": "按語", "relationTrad": "按語", "text": "魏源存「耀」字與章次校記。", "textTrad": "魏源存「耀」字與章次校記。", "relationSimp": "按语", "textSimp": "魏源存「耀」字与章次校记。" } ], "nameSimp": "是以圣人方而不割，廉而不刿，直而不肆，光而不燿", "questionSimp": "圣人四事何以各有其能而不尽其用？", "introSimp": "河上公以行方正欲以率下而不以割截人，廉清欲以化民而不以伤害人，虽直而曲己从人不自申，虽有独知之明而常如暗昩不以耀乱人。王弼以方导物、不以方割物，所谓大方无隅；以清廉清民而不以清廉刿伤于物；以直导物而不以直激沸于物，所谓直若屈；以光鉴其所以迷而不以光照求其隐匿，所谓明道若昧；总谓崇本息末、不攻而使复。成玄英以体道方正、不宰不割；净秽双遣、贪廉两忘；曲从于物、不申己直；韬光晦迹、不炫于物。唐玄宗御注以不割彼而为方、不秽彼而为廉、不申彼而为直、不耀彼而为光，修之身而天下自化；御疏逐句申说，谓身行方正而物自正，非立言教裁割于物。李荣以邪行则物我俱伤、正道则彼此无割；凡情贪而浊、圣道廉而清；大直若屈、不显正以示人；明道若昩。陆希声以大方为德而无所割、至廉为行而无所刿伤、大直为心而无所肆讦、天光为用而无所炫曜。吕惠卿以方而不割故不以一人断制利天下，廉而不刿故胜物而不伤，直而不肆故能曲全而枉直，光而不耀故用其光复归其明。苏辙以虽能方能廉能直能光而不用其能，恐其陷于一偏而不反。吴澄以方如物之方、廉如堂之廉，其棱皆如刀刃，圣人以不事为事，故以不方为方、不廉为廉、不直为直、不光为光，四句皆无事之譬。憨山以圣人有所长而能养其所长，故虽方廉直光而不伤于割刿肆耀。魏源仅存校记，云刿河上作害、薛本作秽，耀诸本作耀。王夫之以远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。诸家或以四句为崇本息末、为无事之譬、为养其所长，大旨以有其实而不露其锋。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.923Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-58", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "dejing", "order": 2, "title": "德經", "titleSimp": "德经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-58", "slug": "58", "order": 58, "title": "第五十八章", "titleSimp": "第五十八章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "第五十八章〈其政悶悶章〉全章十句：首二句言其政悶悶其民淳淳、其政察察其民缺缺；第三句言禍兮福之所倚、福兮禍之所伏；第四句言孰知其極、其無正；第五句言正復為奇、善復為妖；第六句言人之迷其日固久；第七至十句言聖人方而不割、廉而不劌、直而不肆、光而不燿。河上公以悶悶為政教寬大悶昧、淳淳為富厚相親，察察為急疾、缺缺為日以疏薄，禍福倚伏、其無正、正復為奇、善復為妖各有訓，末以率下不割截、化民不傷害、曲己從人、常如闇昧分釋四句；王弼以善治政者無形無名、無事無正可舉，察察為立刑名明賞罰，禍福倚伏而其無正為無可正舉、無可形名，正復為奇即以正治國則便復以奇用兵，善復為妖即立善以和萬物則便復有妖之患，四句為崇本息末、不攻而使復；成玄英分章為四：寬急二治損益不同、禍福兩徒倚伏無定、嘆凡迷日久非適今生、顯聖忘功韜光匿曜，以悶悶為寬裕、淳淳為質朴、察察為嚴速、缺缺為零落，正復為奇為執正未解忘遣，善復為妖為執名言，四句為淨穢雙遣、貪廉兩忘；唐玄宗御注以政教悶悶無為寬大、察察有為苛急分釋，御疏逐標申說，謂悶悶之政俗以為惡而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以為善而人反缺缺，故禍福倚伏，其無正為衆生迷執，四句為善化不割彼而為方；嚴遵存《指歸》輯文一則，以福生於禍、禍生於福、同營異域、去福則無禍為說；李榮以政寬人悦、政急人困分釋，禍福倚伏為善惡之業輪回苦樂，其無正為寂寞獨立之真，四句為邪行則物我俱傷、正道則彼此無割；陸希聲以悶悶之政世人為之慢政而其民實樂、察察之政世人謂之能政而其民實弊，禍福相因、考其善惡豈無正，四句為大方為德、至廉為行、大直為心、天光為用；呂惠卿以悶悶不以察為快、察察反乎悶悶，禍福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者後或為奇，四句為取此悶悶而去彼察察；蘇轍以天地之大、世俗之見有所眩，福倚禍伏如晝夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相繼，聖人得其大全而遺其小察；吳澄承上兩節總言，無事者之政若悶悶無可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可觀而民缺缺，正與不正對、善與不善對，一反則失其正善，四句皆無事之譬；憨山以此詳言上章有為之害而示以無為之方，悶悶無知、察察分星擘兩，禍福之機端在人心；魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，無自己疏解，僅存校記，並引王弼、吳澄、呂惠卿說；王夫之標「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治國必至用兵，知其無正則亦知其無奇，遠割劌肆耀之傷而作方廉直光之保。河上公十五注、王弼十一注、成玄英十注、唐玄宗御注御疏十七注、嚴遵一輯文、李榮九注、陸希聲一段、呂惠卿二段、蘇轍二注、吳澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七條、王夫之一段；俞樾此章未列，故十三家。河上公題「順化第五十八」，《玄德纂疏》、蘇轍、呂惠卿題「其政悶悶章第五十八」，王弼本無章題；吳澄合上章與此章為其第四十九章，魏源合上章與此章為其第五十章，王夫之標「五十八章」。王弼本作「其民淳淳」「廉而不劌」「光而不燿」，河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」，陸希聲作「民迷其日固已久矣」，呂惠卿、蘇轍、魏源作「民之迷」，並見校記。", "summarySimp": "第五十八章〈其政闷闷章〉全章十句：首二句言其政闷闷其民淳淳、其政察察其民缺缺；第三句言祸兮福之所倚、福兮祸之所伏；第四句言孰知其极、其无正；第五句言正复为奇、善复为妖；第六句言人之迷其日固久；第七至十句言圣人方而不割、廉而不刿、直而不肆、光而不燿。河上公以闷闷为政教宽大闷昧、淳淳为富厚相亲，察察为急疾、缺缺为日以疏薄，祸福倚伏、其无正、正复为奇、善复为妖各有训，末以率下不割截、化民不伤害、曲己从人、常如暗昧分释四句；王弼以善治政者无形无名、无事无正可举，察察为立刑名明赏罚，祸福倚伏而其无正为无可正举、无可形名，正复为奇即以正治国则便复以奇用兵，善复为妖即立善以和万物则便复有妖之患，四句为崇本息末、不攻而使复；成玄英分章为四：宽急二治损益不同、祸福两徒倚伏无定、叹凡迷日久非适今生、显圣忘功韬光匿曜，以闷闷为宽裕、淳淳为质朴、察察为严速、缺缺为零落，正复为奇为执正未解忘遣，善复为妖为执名言，四句为净秽双遣、贪廉两忘；唐玄宗御注以政教闷闷无为宽大、察察有为苛急分释，御疏逐标申说，谓闷闷之政俗以为恶而人反淳淳、察察之政俗以为善而人反缺缺，故祸福倚伏，其无正为众生迷执，四句为善化不割彼而为方；严遵存《指归》辑文一则，以福生于祸、祸生于福、同营异域、去福则无祸为说；李荣以政宽人悦、政急人困分释，祸福倚伏为善恶之业轮回苦乐，其无正为寂寞独立之真，四句为邪行则物我俱伤、正道则彼此无割；陆希声以闷闷之政世人为之慢政而其民实乐、察察之政世人谓之能政而其民实弊，祸福相因、考其善恶岂无正，四句为大方为德、至廉为行、大直为心、天光为用；吕惠卿以闷闷不以察为快、察察反乎闷闷，祸福淳淳、有所拂者有所宜，正者后或为奇，四句为取此闷闷而去彼察察；苏辙以天地之大、世俗之见有所眩，福倚祸伏如昼夜寒暑相代，正奇善妖如老稚生死相继，圣人得其大全而遗其小察；吴澄承上两节总言，无事者之政若闷闷无可喜而民淳淳、正者之政若察察有可观而民缺缺，正与不正对、善与不善对，一反则失其正善，四句皆无事之譬；憨山以此详言上章有为之害而示以无为之方，闷闷无知、察察分星擘两，祸福之机端在人心；魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，无自己疏解，仅存校记，并引王弼、吴澄、吕惠卿说；王夫之标「五十八章」，以正必至奇、治国必至用兵，知其无正则亦知其无奇，远割刿肆耀之伤而作方廉直光之保。河上公十五注、王弼十一注、成玄英十注、唐玄宗御注御疏十七注、严遵一辑文、李荣九注、陆希声一段、吕惠卿二段、苏辙二注、吴澄三段、憨山一段、魏源七条、王夫之一段；俞樾此章未列，故十三家。河上公题「顺化第五十八」，《玄德纂疏》、苏辙、吕惠卿题「其政闷闷章第五十八」，王弼本无章题；吴澄合上章与此章为其第四十九章，魏源合上章与此章为其第五十章，王夫之标「五十八章」。王弼本作「其民淳淳」「廉而不刿」「光而不燿」，河上公、憨山作「其民醇醇」，河上公「廉而不害」，陆希声作「民迷其日固已久矣」，吕惠卿、苏辙、魏源作「民之迷」，并见校记。", 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