{ "meta": { "book": { "id": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "slug": "laozi", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-73", "no": 73, "part": "德經", "partSimp": "德经", "title": "第七十三章", "titleSimp": "第七十三章", "intro": "《老子》第七十三章，河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本此章無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。王弼道藏本正文五句：勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活；此兩者，或利或害；天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之；天之道，不爭而善勝，不言而善應，不召而自來，繟然而善謀；天網恢恢，疏而不失。全章由勇之敢與不敢說起：勇於敢則殺身，勇於不敢則全身，二者同為勇而利害相反；天之所惡難以測知，故聖人猶以為難；天道不爭而善勝、不言而善應、不召而自來、繟然而善謀；末以天網恢恢、疏而不失總結報應之不爽。河上公逐句為注十條，以勇敢有為即殺身、勇於不敢則活其身，以敢與不敢並列、活身為利殺身為害，以天惡有為、誰能知天意之故而避之，以聖人之明德猶難於勇敢，以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。王弼注八條，以必不得其死、必齊命釋殺活，以俱勇而所施異釋利害，以誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之、聖明猶難於勇敢，以天雖不爭而天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠釋天道四句，末句無注。成玄英標章義，分全章為三別：一明凡聖二行利害不同，二明福善禍淫出乎天理，三結天網寬大而報應無差；章義引證以赤帝昌漢、白公殘楚、豐隆振響、鴻雁應秋為喻，其疏以猛進果决、貪染死滅、虚淡長生釋殺活，以或不定、進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害釋利害，以天然之理福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋天之所惡，以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過毫分無失、自然之網疏遠而功過無差釋天道諸句。唐玄宗御注七條、御疏九條，以果敢失謙柔退讓必害於身釋首句，以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害釋次句，以勇敢動有害為天所惡、孰誰也故猶意故也釋天之所惡，以聖人猶難為勇敢之事、舉聖以勵凡釋猶難之，以天道謙虚、天不與物爭、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來、繟然寬大垂象示變、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失釋末三句。嚴遵輯文一則，以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。李榮八條，以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身、勇於聲色者殺身不敢情塵者活己釋首句，以殺活釋利害，以天道好生惡殺、人不識天意釋天之所惡，以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺釋天道諸句。陸希聲傳一段，以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，以天之所惡在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱為德，引《書》高明柔克、為善降祥為不善降殃，以不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至、垂象見吉凶為善謀，以禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。呂惠卿傳一段，以剛强必於外物為死之徒、柔弱无所必為生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所惡非可以知知識識，以聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰為猶難，以不識不知順帝之則，以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，以四時行百物生為不言善應，以莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，以盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，以天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。蘇轍六條，以敢者或生不敢者或死世僥倖其或然而忽其常理、天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來、聖人猶以常為正而難之，以不與物爭於一時要於終勝、天何言哉四時行百物生、神之格思不可度思、繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及、耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全故疑天網疏而多失。吳澄三段，以用刑力之過人者為勇、敢為惡與不敢為惡分怙終故犯與眚災誤犯、虞典賊刑與眚災肆赦、老子則以敢者亦不宜殺，以天之所惡深昧難測、聖人猶有難之之意，以聖人不輕殺則為惡者漏網而天網不漏、天定勝人、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、報應昭然，以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以顏夭蹠壽為當害而利當利而反害、天之所惡孰能知其故，以殺身成仁雖死亦生，以聖人猶難、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。魏源本義三段、校記一條，以老子憫時救世、見當世勇於用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主殺不敢者主活、一利一害不可不審，以敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠、聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易，以天生萬物猶父母生眾子、自趨於死則傾者覆之、恢恢疏闊自無漏網、聖人誅罰一聽諸天、網漏吞舟而奉天討以殺、法網愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命代天者專權，並校「繟」河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章，俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故均不列。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本為底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸輯文、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》，並附編者今譯。", "introSimp": "《老子》第七十三章，河上公题「任为第七十三」；成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙题「勇于敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陆希声本此章无章题；憨山次为七十三章而无章题；吴澄、魏源均以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。王弼道藏本正文五句：勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活；此两者，或利或害；天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之；天之道，不争而善胜，不言而善应，不召而自来，𦈎然而善谋；天网恢恢，疏而不失。全章由勇之敢与不敢说起：勇于敢则杀身，勇于不敢则全身，二者同为勇而利害相反；天之所恶难以测知，故圣人犹以为难；天道不争而善胜、不言而善应、不召而自来、𦈎然而善谋；末以天网恢恢、疏而不失总结报应之不爽。河上公逐句为注十条，以勇敢有为即杀身、勇于不敢则活其身，以敢与不敢并列、活身为利杀身为害，以天恶有为、谁能知天意之故而避之，以圣人之明德犹难于勇敢，以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之、天不言而万物应时、天不呼召而万物负阴向阳、𦈎宽而善谋、天网虽疏远而司察善恶无失。王弼注八条，以必不得其死、必齐命释杀活，以俱勇而所施异释利害，以谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之、圣明犹难于勇敢，以天虽不争而天下莫能与之争、顺吉逆凶、处下则物自归、垂象见吉凶先事设诚释天道四句，末句无注。成玄英标章义，分全章为三别：一明凡圣二行利害不同，二明福善祸淫出乎天理，三结天网宽大而报应无差；章义引证以赤帝昌汉、白公残楚、丰隆振响、鸿雁应秋为喻，其疏以猛进果决、贪染死灭、虚淡长生释杀活，以或不定、进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害释利害，以天然之理福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰释天之所恶，以谦退卑己必获胜善之报、祸福如影响、行业不待呼召、幽冥计算功过毫分无失、自然之网疏远而功过无差释天道诸句。唐玄宗御注七条、御疏九条，以果敢失谦柔退让必害于身释首句，以两者敢与不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害释次句，以勇敢动有害为天所恶、孰谁也故犹意故也释天之所恶，以圣人犹难为勇敢之事、举圣以励凡释犹难之，以天道谦虚、天不与物争、福善祸淫曾无差忒、不召物而物自来、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、网罗恢恢刑淫赏善分毫不失释末三句。严遵辑文一则，以寂然荡荡、无所不图释𦈎然善谋。李荣八条，以烈士之勇贪利丧身、仁义全身、勇于声色者杀身不敢情尘者活己释首句，以杀活释利害，以天道好生恶杀、人不识天意释天之所恶，以天道无心与物不竞、报应如影响、寒往暑来非召、大道甚夷赏罚无差、太虚为网疏密无遗释天道诸句。陆希声传一段，以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道，以天之所恶在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱为德，引《书》高明柔克、为善降祥为不善降殃，以不争而物伏、不言而民信、不期而时至、垂象见吉凶为善谋，以禁网疏缓而反道败德者未尝失之。吕惠卿传一段，以刚强必于外物为死之徒、柔弱无所必为生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所恶非可以知知识识，以圣人豫若冬涉川、犹若畏四邻为犹难，以不识不知顺帝之则，以生物因材、栽者培之倾者覆之为不争善胜，以四时行百物生为不言善应，以莫之为而为、莫之致而至为不召自来，以盈虚消息为坦然而善谋，以天聪明自我民聪明、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网疏而不失。苏辙六条，以敢者或生不敢者或死世侥幸其或然而忽其常理、天道之远孰知其好恶所从来、圣人犹以常为正而难之，以不与物争于一时要于终胜、天何言哉四时行百物生、神之格思不可度思、𦈎然舒缓若无所营而谋度非人所及、耳目观天见一曲不睹大全故疑天网疏而多失。吴澄三段，以用刑力之过人者为勇、敢为恶与不敢为恶分怙终故犯与眚灾误犯、虞典贼刑与眚灾肆赦、老子则以敢者亦不宜杀，以天之所恶深昧难测、圣人犹有难之之意，以圣人不轻杀则为恶者漏网而天网不漏、天定胜人、报应不待召、坦然平易而巧于报应。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、报应昭然，以决定之志为勇、不计利害而决于为为敢，以敢为必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以颜夭跖寿为当害而利当利而反害、天之所恶孰能知其故，以杀身成仁虽死亦生，以圣人犹难、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不争善胜、感应冥符故不言善应、吉凶祸福如影响故不召自来、报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋、天道如网四张善恶毫发不遗。魏源本义三段、校记一条，以老子悯时救世、见当世勇于用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主杀不敢者主活、一利一害不可不审，以敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远、圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易，以天生万物犹父母生众子、自趋于死则倾者覆之、恢恢疏阔自无漏网、圣人诛罚一听诸天、网漏吞舟而奉天讨以杀、法网愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者听命代天者专权，并校「𦈎」河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。王夫之《老子衍》公开转录本止于第六十六章，俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故均不列。本站以王弼《老子注》道藏本为底本，分列河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归辑文、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》，并附编者今译。", "guide": "點擊任一句可展開句注；點擊字詞可看本句訓釋；按「諸家並觀」可將同一句的舊注並列對讀，本章十二家舊注。河上公逐句十條；王弼注八條；成玄英章義二則、疏八條；唐玄宗御注七條、御疏九條；嚴遵輯文一條；李榮八條；陸希聲傳一段；呂惠卿傳一段；蘇轍六條；吳澄三段；憨山解一段；魏源本義三段、校記一條。王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾此章未列。河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。諸本異文：《玄德纂疏》所引經文與御注作「知此兩者」；呂惠卿、吳澄作「坦然而善謀」；魏源校記謂河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "guideSimp": "点击任一句可展开句注；点击字词可看本句训释；按「诸家并观」可将同一句的旧注并列对读，本章十二家旧注。河上公逐句十条；王弼注八条；成玄英章义二则、疏八条；唐玄宗御注七条、御疏九条；严遵辑文一条；李荣八条；陆希声传一段；吕惠卿传一段；苏辙六条；吴澄三段；憨山解一段；魏源本义三段、校记一条。王夫之《老子衍》公开转录本止于第六十六章；俞樾此章未列。河上公题「任为第七十三」；成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙题「勇于敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陆希声本无章题；憨山次为七十三章而无章题；吴澄、魏源均以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。诸本异文：《玄德纂疏》所引经文与御注作「知此两者」；吕惠卿、吴澄作「坦然而善谋」；魏源校记谓河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文从王弼道藏本，异文见校记。", "slug": "73", "order": 73, "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "第七十三章〈任為章〉五句：勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活；此兩者，或利或害；天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之；天之道，不爭而善勝，不言而善應，不召而自來，繟然而善謀；天網恢恢，疏而不失。王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故均不列。全章由勇之敢與不敢說起：勇於敢則殺身，勇於不敢則全身，二者同為勇而利害相反；天之所惡難以測知，故聖人猶以為難；天道不爭而善勝、不言而善應、不召而自來、繟然而善謀；末以天網恢恢、疏而不失總結報應之不爽。河上公題「任為第七十三」，逐句為注十條，以勇敢有為即殺身、勇於不敢則活其身，以敢與不敢並列、活身為利殺身為害，以天惡有為、誰能知天意之故而避之，以聖人之明德猶難於勇敢，以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。王弼注八條，以必不得其死、必齊命釋殺活，以俱勇而所施異釋利害，以誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之、聖明猶難於勇敢，以天雖不爭而天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠釋天道四句，末句無注。成玄英章義二則、疏八條，章義分全章為三別：一明凡聖二行利害不同，二明福善禍淫出乎天理，三結天網寬大而報應無差；引證以赤帝昌漢、白公殘楚、豐隆振響、鴻雁應秋為喻；疏以猛進果决、貪染死滅、虚淡長生釋殺活，以進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害釋利害，以天然之理福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋天之所惡，以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過毫分無失、自然之網疏遠而功過無差釋天道諸句。唐玄宗御注七條、御疏九條，御注以果敢失謙柔退讓必害於身釋首句，以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害釋次句，以勇敢動有害為天所惡、孰誰也故猶意故也釋天之所惡，以聖人猶難為勇敢之事、舉聖以勵凡釋猶難之，以天道謙虚、天不與物爭、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來、繟然寬大垂象示變、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失釋末三句；御疏更以剛决必果、靜慎斂身知退分釋殺活，以在勇雖同所施則異申利害，以代俗之人誰能知其意故申天之所惡，以四句廣明天道謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞善罰惡不失毫分申之。嚴遵輯文一則，以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。李榮八條，以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身、勇於聲色者殺身不敢情塵者活己釋首句，以殺活釋利害，以天道好生惡殺、人不識天意釋天之所惡，以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺釋天道諸句。陸希聲傳一段，以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，以天之所惡在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱為德，引《書》「高明柔克」與「為善天降之百祥，為不善天降之百殃」，以不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至、垂象見吉凶為善謀，以禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。呂惠卿傳一段，以剛强必於外物為死之徒、柔弱无所必為生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所惡非可以知知識識，以聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰為猶難，以不識不知順帝之則，以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，以四時行百物生為不言善應，以莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，以盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，以天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。蘇轍六條，以敢者或生不敢者或死世僥倖其或然而忽其常理、天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來、聖人猶以常為正而難之，以不與物爭於一時要於終勝、天何言哉四時行百物生、神之格思不可度思、繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及、耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全故疑天網疏而多失。吳澄三段，以用刑力之過人者為勇、敢為惡與不敢為惡分怙終故犯與眚災誤犯、虞典賊刑與眚災肆赦、老子則以敢者亦不宜殺，以天之所惡深昧難測、聖人猶有難之之意，以聖人不輕殺則為惡者漏網而天網不漏、天定勝人、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、報應昭然，以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以顏夭蹠壽為當害而利當利而反害、天之所惡孰能知其故，以殺身成仁雖死亦生，以聖人猶難、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。魏源本義三段、校記一條，以老子憫時救世、見當世勇於用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主殺不敢者主活、一利一害不可不審，以敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠、聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易，以天生萬物猶父母生眾子、自趨於死則傾者覆之、恢恢疏闊自無漏網、聖人誅罰一聽諸天、網漏吞舟而奉天討以殺、法網愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命代天者專權，並校「繟」河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。諸本異文：《玄德纂疏》所引經文與御注作「知此兩者」；呂惠卿、吳澄作「坦然而善謀」；魏源校記謂河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "summarySimp": "第七十三章〈任为章〉五句：勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活；此两者，或利或害；天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之；天之道，不争而善胜，不言而善应，不召而自来，𦈎然而善谋；天网恢恢，疏而不失。王夫之《老子衍》公开转录本止于第六十六章；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故均不列。全章由勇之敢与不敢说起：勇于敢则杀身，勇于不敢则全身，二者同为勇而利害相反；天之所恶难以测知，故圣人犹以为难；天道不争而善胜、不言而善应、不召而自来、𦈎然而善谋；末以天网恢恢、疏而不失总结报应之不爽。河上公题「任为第七十三」，逐句为注十条，以勇敢有为即杀身、勇于不敢则活其身，以敢与不敢并列、活身为利杀身为害，以天恶有为、谁能知天意之故而避之，以圣人之明德犹难于勇敢，以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之、天不言而万物应时、天不呼召而万物负阴向阳、𦈎宽而善谋、天网虽疏远而司察善恶无失。王弼注八条，以必不得其死、必齐命释杀活，以俱勇而所施异释利害，以谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之、圣明犹难于勇敢，以天虽不争而天下莫能与之争、顺吉逆凶、处下则物自归、垂象见吉凶先事设诚释天道四句，末句无注。成玄英章义二则、疏八条，章义分全章为三别：一明凡圣二行利害不同，二明福善祸淫出乎天理，三结天网宽大而报应无差；引证以赤帝昌汉、白公残楚、丰隆振响、鸿雁应秋为喻；疏以猛进果决、贪染死灭、虚淡长生释杀活，以进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害释利害，以天然之理福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰释天之所恶，以谦退卑己必获胜善之报、祸福如影响、行业不待呼召、幽冥计算功过毫分无失、自然之网疏远而功过无差释天道诸句。唐玄宗御注七条、御疏九条，御注以果敢失谦柔退让必害于身释首句，以两者敢与不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害释次句，以勇敢动有害为天所恶、孰谁也故犹意故也释天之所恶，以圣人犹难为勇敢之事、举圣以励凡释犹难之，以天道谦虚、天不与物争、福善祸淫曾无差忒、不召物而物自来、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、网罗恢恢刑淫赏善分毫不失释末三句；御疏更以刚决必果、静慎敛身知退分释杀活，以在勇虽同所施则异申利害，以代俗之人谁能知其意故申天之所恶，以四句广明天道谦虚、负阴抱阳春生夏长、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、赏善罚恶不失毫分申之。严遵辑文一则，以寂然荡荡、无所不图释𦈎然善谋。李荣八条，以烈士之勇贪利丧身、仁义全身、勇于声色者杀身不敢情尘者活己释首句，以杀活释利害，以天道好生恶杀、人不识天意释天之所恶，以天道无心与物不竞、报应如影响、寒往暑来非召、大道甚夷赏罚无差、太虚为网疏密无遗释天道诸句。陆希声传一段，以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道，以天之所恶在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱为德，引《书》「高明柔克」与「为善天降之百祥，为不善天降之百殃」，以不争而物伏、不言而民信、不期而时至、垂象见吉凶为善谋，以禁网疏缓而反道败德者未尝失之。吕惠卿传一段，以刚强必于外物为死之徒、柔弱无所必为生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所恶非可以知知识识，以圣人豫若冬涉川、犹若畏四邻为犹难，以不识不知顺帝之则，以生物因材、栽者培之倾者覆之为不争善胜，以四时行百物生为不言善应，以莫之为而为、莫之致而至为不召自来，以盈虚消息为坦然而善谋，以天聪明自我民聪明、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网疏而不失。苏辙六条，以敢者或生不敢者或死世侥幸其或然而忽其常理、天道之远孰知其好恶所从来、圣人犹以常为正而难之，以不与物争于一时要于终胜、天何言哉四时行百物生、神之格思不可度思、𦈎然舒缓若无所营而谋度非人所及、耳目观天见一曲不睹大全故疑天网疏而多失。吴澄三段，以用刑力之过人者为勇、敢为恶与不敢为恶分怙终故犯与眚灾误犯、虞典贼刑与眚灾肆赦、老子则以敢者亦不宜杀，以天之所恶深昧难测、圣人犹有难之之意，以圣人不轻杀则为恶者漏网而天网不漏、天定胜人、报应不待召、坦然平易而巧于报应。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、报应昭然，以决定之志为勇、不计利害而决于为为敢，以敢为必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以颜夭跖寿为当害而利当利而反害、天之所恶孰能知其故，以杀身成仁虽死亦生，以圣人犹难、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不争善胜、感应冥符故不言善应、吉凶祸福如影响故不召自来、报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋、天道如网四张善恶毫发不遗。魏源本义三段、校记一条，以老子悯时救世、见当世勇于用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主杀不敢者主活、一利一害不可不审，以敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远、圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易，以天生万物犹父母生众子、自趋于死则倾者覆之、恢恢疏阔自无漏网、圣人诛罚一听诸天、网漏吞舟而奉天讨以杀、法网愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者听命代天者专权，并校「𦈎」河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。河上公题「任为第七十三」；成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙题「勇于敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陆希声本无章题；憨山次为七十三章而无章题；吴澄、魏源均以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。诸本异文：《玄德纂疏》所引经文与御注作「知此两者」；吕惠卿、吴澄作「坦然而善谋」；魏源校记谓河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文从王弼道藏本，异文见校记。", "dataFile": "data/chapters/laozi-73.json", "relationsFile": "data/commentary-relations-laozi-73.json", "url": "/laozi/73/", "volumeId": "dejing", "volumeTitle": "德經", "volumeTitleSimp": "德经", "orderLabel": "第七十三" }, "edition": { "base": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEdition": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德經卷四）", "separation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》諸本對校；河上公此章據四部叢刊本、參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；王弼此章據道藏本；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本卷四；王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列", "punctuation": "數字轉錄所附現代標點，本站僅作閱讀輔助，尚未逐字復核原刻", "digital": "中華典藏網、識典古籍、大道家園公開轉錄、Kanripo 漢籍全文資料庫（僅作文字底本）", "caution": "王弼道藏本正文作「勇於敢則殺勇於不敢則活此兩者或利或害天之所惡孰知其故是以聖人猶難之天之道不爭而善勝不言而善應不召而自來繟然而善謀天網恢恢疏而不失」，本站分五句。河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。諸本異文：《玄德纂疏》所引經文與御注作「知此兩者」；「繟然」，呂惠卿、吳澄作「坦然」，魏源校記謂河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」；「疏而不失」，魏源校記謂河上作「勿失」。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "baseSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseEditionSimp": "王弼《老子注》道藏本（德经卷四）", 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"分章句解，兼重治身與治國；此章題「任為第七十三」，逐句為注十條：以勇敢有為即殺身、勇於不敢則活其身，以敢與不敢並列、活身為利殺身為害，以天惡有為、誰能知天意之故而不犯，以聖人之明德猶難於勇敢，以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。此章據四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；注十條。", "count": 10, "nameSimp": "河上公章句", "workSimp": "老子道德经章句", "authorSimp": "河上公", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "传汉文帝时", "descSimp": "分章句解，兼重治身与治国；此章题「任为第七十三」，逐句为注十条：以勇敢有为即杀身、勇于不敢则活其身，以敢与不敢并列、活身为利杀身为害，以天恶有为、谁能知天意之故而不犯，以圣人之明德犹难于勇敢，以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之、天不言而万物应时、天不呼召而万物负阴向阳、𦈎宽而善谋、天网虽疏远而司察善恶无失。此章据四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；注十条。", "shortSimp": "河上公" }, { "id": "wangbi", "name": "王弼老子注", "short": "王弼", "author": "王弼", "work": "老子道德經注", "era": "魏", "years": "226–249", "color": "#4a5a7a", "desc": "以無為本、以崇本息末為宗；此章注八條，以必不得其死、必齊命釋殺活，以俱勇而所施者異釋利害，以誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之、聖明猶難於勇敢釋天之所惡與猶難，以天雖不爭而天下莫能與之爭、順則吉逆則凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠釋天道四句；末句王弼無注。此章據道藏本；注八條。", "count": 8, "nameSimp": "王弼老子注", "workSimp": "老子道德经注", "authorSimp": "王弼", "eraSimp": "魏", "yearsSimp": "226–249", "descSimp": "以无为本、以崇本息末为宗；此章注八条，以必不得其死、必齐命释杀活，以俱勇而所施者异释利害，以谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之、圣明犹难于勇敢释天之所恶与犹难，以天虽不争而天下莫能与之争、顺则吉逆则凶、处下则物自归、垂象见吉凶先事设诚释天道四句；末句王弼无注。此章据道藏本；注八条。", "shortSimp": "王弼" }, { "id": "chengxuanying", "name": "成玄英疏", "short": "成疏", "author": "成玄英", "work": "老子道德經義疏", "era": "唐", "years": "約 608–669", "color": "#6b7a4a", "desc": "以重玄雙遣為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九存章義與疏。章義分全章為三別：一明凡聖二行利害不同，二明福善禍淫出乎天理，三結天網寬大而報應無差；引證以赤帝昌漢、白公殘楚、豐隆振響、鴻雁應秋為喻。疏以猛進果决、貪染死滅、虚淡長生釋殺活，以進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害釋利害，以天然之理福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋天之所惡，以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過、自然之網疏遠無差釋天道諸句。章義二則、疏八條。", "count": 10, "nameSimp": "成玄英疏", "workSimp": "老子道德经义疏", "authorSimp": "成玄英", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 608–669", "descSimp": "以重玄双遣为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九存章义与疏。章义分全章为三别：一明凡圣二行利害不同，二明福善祸淫出乎天理，三结天网宽大而报应无差；引证以赤帝昌汉、白公残楚、丰隆振响、鸿雁应秋为喻。疏以猛进果决、贪染死灭、虚淡长生释杀活，以进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害释利害，以天然之理福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰释天之所恶，以谦退卑己必获胜善之报、祸福如影响、行业不待呼召、幽冥计算功过、自然之网疏远无差释天道诸句。章义二则、疏八条。", "shortSimp": "成疏" }, { "id": "tangxuanzong", "name": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "short": "御注", "author": "唐玄宗", "work": "道德真經注疏", "era": "唐", "years": "685–762", "color": "#9a4b3f", "desc": "御注簡質、御疏詳申，以理國修身並重；此章御注七條、御疏九條，分列。御注以果敢失謙柔退讓必害於身，以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害，以勇敢動有害為天所惡，以聖人猶難為勇敢之事，以天道謙虚、天不與物爭、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失。御疏以剛决必果、靜慎斂身知退分釋殺活，以在勇雖同所施則異釋利害，以孰誰也故猶意故也、代俗之人誰能知其意故釋天之所惡，以舉聖勵凡釋猶難，以四句廣明天道謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞善罰惡不失毫分申之。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引。", "count": 16, "nameSimp": "唐玄宗御注御疏", "workSimp": "道德真经注疏", "authorSimp": "唐玄宗", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "685–762", "descSimp": "御注简质、御疏详申，以理国修身并重；此章御注七条、御疏九条，分列。御注以果敢失谦柔退让必害于身，以两者敢与不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害，以勇敢动有害为天所恶，以圣人犹难为勇敢之事，以天道谦虚、天不与物争、福善祸淫曾无差忒、不召物而物自来、网罗恢恢刑淫赏善分毫不失。御疏以刚决必果、静慎敛身知退分释杀活，以在勇虽同所施则异释利害，以孰谁也故犹意故也、代俗之人谁能知其意故释天之所恶，以举圣励凡释犹难，以四句广明天道谦虚、负阴抱阳春生夏长、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、赏善罚恶不失毫分申之。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引。", "shortSimp": "御注" }, { "id": "yanzun", "name": "嚴遵指歸", "short": "嚴指歸", "author": "嚴遵", "work": "道德真經指歸", "era": "漢", "years": "約前 83–10", "color": "#7a5c3e", "desc": "以自然無為、道德性命為宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九存「嚴曰」一則：寂然蕩蕩，無所不圖，以釋「繟然而善謀」。輯文一條。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "严遵指归", "workSimp": "道德真经指归", "authorSimp": "严遵", "eraSimp": "汉", "yearsSimp": "约前 83–10", "descSimp": "以自然无为、道德性命为宗；此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九存「严曰」一则：寂然荡荡，无所不图，以释「𦈎然而善谋」。辑文一条。", "shortSimp": "严指归" }, { "id": "lirong", "name": "李榮注", "short": "李榮", "author": "李榮", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "唐", "years": "約 600–680", "color": "#5f6f8a", "desc": "以道本德用、修身治國並說為宗；此章八注：以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身、勇於聲色者殺身不敢情塵者活己釋首句，以殺活釋利害，以天道好生惡殺、人不識天意釋天之所惡，以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺釋天道諸句。此章據《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引。", "count": 8, "nameSimp": "李荣注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "李荣", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "约 600–680", "descSimp": "以道本德用、修身治国并说为宗；此章八注：以烈士之勇贪利丧身、仁义全身、勇于声色者杀身不敢情尘者活己释首句，以杀活释利害，以天道好生恶杀、人不识天意释天之所恶，以天道无心与物不竞、报应如影响、寒往暑来非召、大道甚夷赏罚无差、太虚为网疏密无遗释天道诸句。此章据《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引。", "shortSimp": "李荣" }, { "id": "luxisheng", "name": "陸希聲傳", "short": "陸傳", "author": "陸希聲", "work": "道德經傳", "era": "唐", "years": "？–895", "color": "#8a6f3a", "desc": "以體用、本末說經，長於政教；此章傳一段，以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，以天之所惡在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱為德，引《書》「高明柔克」與「為善天降之百祥，為不善天降之百殃」，以不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至、垂象見吉凶為善謀，以禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。傳一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "陆希声传", "workSimp": "道德经传", "authorSimp": "陆希声", "eraSimp": "唐", "yearsSimp": "？–895", "descSimp": "以体用、本末说经，长于政教；此章传一段，以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道，以天之所恶在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱为德，引《书》「高明柔克」与「为善天降之百祥，为不善天降之百殃」，以不争而物伏、不言而民信、不期而时至、垂象见吉凶为善谋，以禁网疏缓而反道败德者未尝失之。传一段。", "shortSimp": "陆传" }, { "id": "lvhuiqing", "name": "呂惠卿傳", "short": "呂傳", "author": "呂惠卿", "work": "道德真經傳", "era": "宋", "years": "1032–1111", "color": "#6a7d5a", "desc": "以道體無知、守母為本；此章傳一段，以剛强必於外物者為死之徒、柔弱无所必者為生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所惡非可以知知識識，以聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰為猶難，以不識不知順帝之則，以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，以四時行百物生為不言善應，以莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，以盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，以天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網恢恢疏而不失。傳一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "吕惠卿传", "workSimp": "道德真经传", "authorSimp": "吕惠卿", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1032–1111", "descSimp": "以道体无知、守母为本；此章传一段，以刚强必于外物者为死之徒、柔弱无所必者为生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所恶非可以知知识识，以圣人豫若冬涉川、犹若畏四邻为犹难，以不识不知顺帝之则，以生物因材、栽者培之倾者覆之为不争善胜，以四时行百物生为不言善应，以莫之为而为、莫之致而至为不召自来，以盈虚消息为坦然而善谋，以天聪明自我民聪明、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网恢恢疏而不失。传一段。", "shortSimp": "吕传" }, { "id": "suzhe", "name": "蘇轍老子解", "short": "蘇解", "author": "蘇轍", "work": "老子解", "era": "宋", "years": "1039–1112", "color": "#5d7080", "desc": "以體道無知、無所施設為宗；此章六條：以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世僥倖其或然而忽其常理，天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來，故聖人猶以常為正而難之；以不與物爭於一時而要於終勝，以天何言哉、四時行百物生，以神之格思不可度思，以繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及，以世人以耳目觀天、見一曲而不睹大全故疑天網之疏而多失。解六條。", "count": 6, "nameSimp": "苏辙老子解", "workSimp": "老子解", "authorSimp": "苏辙", "eraSimp": "宋", "yearsSimp": "1039–1112", "descSimp": "以体道无知、无所施设为宗；此章六条：以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世侥幸其或然而忽其常理，天道之远孰知其好恶所从来，故圣人犹以常为正而难之；以不与物争于一时而要于终胜，以天何言哉、四时行百物生，以神之格思不可度思，以𦈎然舒缓若无所营而谋度非人所及，以世人以耳目观天、见一曲而不睹大全故疑天网之疏而多失。解六条。", "shortSimp": "苏解" }, { "id": "wucheng", "name": "吳澄道德真經注", "short": "吳注", "author": "吳澄", "work": "道德真經注", "era": "元", "years": "1249–1333", "color": "#7b5f7a", "desc": "以理氣、斂退說經，兼重字義訓詁；此章與下章合為其第六十一章，注三段：以用刑力之過人者為勇，敢為惡者怙終故犯當殺、不敢為惡者眚災誤犯當活，虞典賊刑與眚災肆赦，老子則以敢者亦不宜殺；以天之所惡深昧難測，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之；以聖人不輕殺則為惡者漏網而天網不漏，天定勝人、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應。注三段。", "count": 3, "nameSimp": "吴澄道德真经注", "workSimp": "道德真经注", "authorSimp": "吴澄", "eraSimp": "元", "yearsSimp": "1249–1333", "descSimp": "以理气、敛退说经，兼重字义训诂；此章与下章合为其第六十一章，注三段：以用刑力之过人者为勇，敢为恶者怙终故犯当杀、不敢为恶者眚灾误犯当活，虞典贼刑与眚灾肆赦，老子则以敢者亦不宜杀；以天之所恶深昧难测，圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之；以圣人不轻杀则为恶者漏网而天网不漏，天定胜人、报应不待召、坦然平易而巧于报应。注三段。", "shortSimp": "吴注" }, { "id": "hanshan", "name": "憨山道德經解", "short": "憨山", "author": "釋德清", "work": "道德經解", "era": "明", "years": "1546–1623", "color": "#8a5f4a", "desc": "以真修、復性為本，兼重教化；此章解一段，以天命可畏、報應昭然，以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以顏夭蹠壽為當害而利、當利而反害，以殺身成仁雖死亦生，以聖人猶難、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。解一段。", "count": 1, "nameSimp": "憨山道德经解", "workSimp": "道德经解", "authorSimp": "释德清", "eraSimp": "明", "yearsSimp": "1546–1623", "descSimp": "以真修、复性为本，兼重教化；此章解一段，以天命可畏、报应昭然，以决定之志为勇、不计利害而决于为为敢，以敢为必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以颜夭跖寿为当害而利、当利而反害，以杀身成仁虽死亦生，以圣人犹难、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不争善胜、感应冥符故不言善应、吉凶祸福如影响故不召自来、报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋、天道如网四张善恶毫发不遗。解一段。", "shortSimp": "憨山" }, { "id": "weiyuan", "name": "魏源老子本義", "short": "魏源", "author": "魏源", "work": "老子本義", "era": "清", "years": "1794–1857", "color": "#5a6a5a", "desc": "以不盈務內為宗，博引諸家而斷以源案；此章與下章合為其第六十一章。本義三段：老子憫時救世，見當世勇於用刑，故戒用勇不可不慎；敢者主殺、不敢者主活，一利一害不可不審；敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠，聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易；天生萬物猶父母生眾子，自趨於死則傾者覆之，恢恢疏闊自無漏網，聖人誅罰一聽諸天，網漏吞舟而奉天討以殺，法網愈密則不畏死者愈甚，奉天者聽命而代天者專權。校記出「繟」河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」及河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」諸異文。本義三段、校記一條。", "count": 4, "nameSimp": "魏源老子本义", "workSimp": "老子本义", "authorSimp": "魏源", "eraSimp": "清", "yearsSimp": "1794–1857", "descSimp": "以不盈务内为宗，博引诸家而断以源案；此章与下章合为其第六十一章。本义三段：老子悯时救世，见当世勇于用刑，故戒用勇不可不慎；敢者主杀、不敢者主活，一利一害不可不审；敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远，圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易；天生万物犹父母生众子，自趋于死则倾者覆之，恢恢疏阔自无漏网，圣人诛罚一听诸天，网漏吞舟而奉天讨以杀，法网愈密则不畏死者愈甚，奉天者听命而代天者专权。校记出「𦈎」河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」及河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」诸异文。本义三段、校记一条。", "shortSimp": "魏源" }, { "id": "translator", "name": "本站今譯", "short": "今譯", "author": "LibreBook 編者", "work": "今譯", "era": "當代", "years": "", "color": "#8a8a8a", "desc": "編者據舊注與上下文所作語體今譯，供閱讀參照。", "count": 5, "nameSimp": "本站今译", "workSimp": "今译", "authorSimp": "LibreBook 编者", "eraSimp": "当代", "yearsSimp": "", "descSimp": "编者据旧注与上下文所作语体今译，供阅读参照。", "shortSimp": "今译" } ], "sentences": [ { "id": "s001", "paragraph": 1, "text": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活。", "textSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活。", "translation": "勇于逞强敢为就会送命，勇于不敢妄为就能保全生命。", "translationTrad": "勇於逞強敢為就會送命，勇於不敢妄為就能保全生命。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002", "c011", "c012", "c019", "c020", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "noteCount": 16, "charNoteIds": [ "n001", "n002" ], "key": "laozi-73:s001", "n": 1 }, { "id": "s002", "paragraph": 1, "text": "此兩者，或利或害。", "textSimp": "此两者，或利或害。", "translation": "这两种勇，有时得利，有时受害。", "translationTrad": "這兩種勇，有時得利，有時受害。", "noteIds": [ "c003", "c013", "c019", "c020", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n003", "n004" ], "key": "laozi-73:s002", "n": 2 }, { "id": "s003", "paragraph": 1, "text": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之。", "textSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之。", "translation": "上天所厌恶的，谁能知道其中的缘故？因此连圣人也把它当作难事来慎重对待。", "translationTrad": "上天所厭惡的，誰能知道其中的緣故？因此連聖人也把它當作難事來慎重對待。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005", "c014", "c019", "c020", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c034", "c035", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "noteCount": 17, "charNoteIds": [ "n005", "n006", "n007" ], "key": "laozi-73:s003", "n": 3 }, { "id": "s004", "paragraph": 1, "text": "天之道，不爭而善勝，不言而善應，不召而自來，繟然而善謀。", "textSimp": "天之道，不争而善胜，不言而善应，不召而自来，𦈎然而善谋。", "translation": "天之道，不争斗而善于取胜，不说话而善于回应，不召唤而万物自来，舒缓宽大而善于谋划。", "translationTrad": "天之道，不爭鬥而善於取勝，不說話而善於回應，不召喚而萬物自來，舒緩寬大而善於謀劃。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c015", "c016", "c017", "c018", "c019", "c020", "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c036", "c037", "c038", "c039", "c040", "c041", "c042", "c045", "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c054", "c055", "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "noteCount": 36, "charNoteIds": [ "n008", "n009", "n010" ], "key": "laozi-73:s004", "n": 4 }, { "id": "s005", "paragraph": 1, "text": "天網恢恢，疏而不失。", "textSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失。", "translation": "天网广大无边，虽然稀疏，却不会漏失。", "translationTrad": "天網廣大無邊，雖然稀疏，卻不會漏失。", "noteIds": [ "c010", "c019", "c020", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c055", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "noteCount": 14, "charNoteIds": [ "n011", "n012" ], "key": "laozi-73:s005", "n": 5 } ], "commentaries": [ { "id": "c001", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺", "kind": "note", "text": "勇敢有為，則殺身也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "勇敢有为，则杀身也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀" }, { "id": "c002", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "勇於不敢，則活其身者也。", "authorNote": "《玄德纂疏》卷十九與四部叢刊本此注並作「有爲則活其身」，文義參差，今據文義錄正。", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "勇于不敢，则活其身者也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（《玄德纂疏》卷十九與四部叢刊本此注並作「有爲則活其身」，文義參差，今據文義錄正。）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "《玄德纂疏》卷十九与四部丛刊本此注并作「有为则活其身」，文义参差，今据文义录正。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c003", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "常知此兩者，謂敢與不敢也。活身為利，殺身為害。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "常知此两者，谓敢与不敢也。活身为利，杀身为害。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害" }, { "id": "c004", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故", "kind": "note", "text": "天之所惡，惡有為也。誰能知天意之故而不犯之？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天之所恶，恶有为也。谁能知天意之故而不犯之？", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故" }, { "id": "c005", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "言聖人之明德，猶難於勇敢，況無聖人之德而欲行之乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "言圣人之明德，犹难于勇敢，况无圣人之德而欲行之乎？", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c006", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "天不與人爭貴賤，而人畏之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天不与人争贵贱，而人畏之也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c007", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "天不言，萬物自動以應時也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天不言，万物自动以应时也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c008", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "天不呼召，萬物皆負陰而向陽也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天不呼召，万物皆负阴而向阳也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c009", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "繟，寬也。天道雖寬博，善謀慮，人事修善行惡，各蒙其報也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "𦈎，宽也。天道虽宽博，善谋虑，人事修善行恶，各蒙其报也。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c010", "block": 0, "source": "heshanggong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "天所網羅恢恢甚大，雖疏遠，司察人善惡，無有所失。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天所网罗恢恢甚大，虽疏远，司察人善恶，无有所失。", "citationFull": "河上公《老子道德經章句》（四部叢刊本，參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》（四部丛刊本，参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c011", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺", "kind": "note", "text": "必不得其死也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "必不得其死也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀" }, { "id": "c012", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "必齊命也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "必齐命也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c013", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "俱勇而所施者異，利害不同，故曰或利或害也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "俱勇而所施者异，利害不同，故曰或利或害也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害" }, { "id": "c014", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "孰，誰也。言誰能知天下之所惡意故邪？其唯聖人。夫聖人之明，猶難於勇敢，況無聖人之明而欲行之也？故曰猶難之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "孰，谁也。言谁能知天下之所恶意故邪？其唯圣人。夫圣人之明，犹难于勇敢，况无圣人之明而欲行之也？故曰犹难之也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c015", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "天雖不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "天虽不争，故天下莫能与之争。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c016", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "順則吉，逆則凶，不言而善應也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "顺则吉，逆则凶，不言而善应也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c017", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "處下則物自歸。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "处下则物自归。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c018", "block": 0, "source": "wangbi", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "垂象而見吉凶，先事而設誠，安而不忘危，未召而謀之，故曰繟然而善謀也。", "authorNote": "王弼本末句「天網恢恢，疏而不失」無注。", "citation": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）", "textSimp": "垂象而见吉凶，先事而设诚，安而不忘危，未召而谋之，故曰𦈎然而善谋也。", "citationFull": "王弼《老子道德經注》（道藏本）（王弼本末句「天網恢恢，疏而不失」無注。）", "citationSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》（道藏本）", "authorNoteSimp": "王弼本末句「天网恢恢，疏而不失」无注。", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c019", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "章義", "kind": "note", "text": "勇於敢章所以次前者，前章明無知眾生不畏威網、淪溺三途，故次此章，重明此人勇進有為，故歸流生死。就此一章，義開三別：第一明凡聖二行利害不同，第二明福善禍淫出乎天理，第三結天網寬大而報應無差。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英章義。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "勇于敢章所以次前者，前章明无知众生不畏威网、沦溺三途，故次此章，重明此人勇进有为，故归流生死。就此一章，义开三别：第一明凡圣二行利害不同，第二明福善祸淫出乎天理，第三结天网宽大而报应无差。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英章義。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英章义。", "lemmaSimp": "章义" }, { "id": "c020", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "章義引證", "kind": "note", "text": "夫聖人之心，若天之用道。帝王立國，謙卑能光，柔善所以威剛，勇而致禍，故赤帝順而昌漢宗，白公逆而殘楚刃。勇敢必殺，可著兹明。兩者示人，何不照鑒？豐隆振響，逢夏帝而將鳴；鴻雁于飛，屬秋陰而必舉。凡物無識，猶感時而獨行，況人懷心，不依道而何去？天網不紊，日月所以貞明；地理無差，山河於焉靜鎮。不頽崩於朽壤，無發泄於尾閭。致柔之道既弘，配謙之德斯固。不言而應，不召而來，雖天網之恢恢，積善惡而無失矣。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英章義引證。《玄德纂疏》轉錄本雙欄錯行，今據文義理順。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "夫圣人之心，若天之用道。帝王立国，谦卑能光，柔善所以威刚，勇而致祸，故赤帝顺而昌汉宗，白公逆而残楚刃。勇敢必杀，可着兹明。两者示人，何不照鉴？丰隆振响，逢夏帝而将鸣；鸿雁于飞，属秋阴而必举。凡物无识，犹感时而独行，况人怀心，不依道而何去？天网不紊，日月所以贞明；地理无差，山河于焉静镇。不颓崩于朽壤，无发泄于尾闾。致柔之道既弘，配谦之德斯固。不言而应，不召而来，虽天网之恢恢，积善恶而无失矣。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英章義引證。《玄德纂疏》轉錄本雙欄錯行，今據文義理順。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英章义引证。《玄德纂疏》转录本双栏错行，今据文义理顺。", "lemmaSimp": "章义引证" }, { "id": "c021", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "勇，猛進也；敢，果决也；殺，死滅也；活，長生也。言進心果决，貪於世事，則死滅也；若進心虚淡，不敢貪染，即長生也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "勇，猛进也；敢，果决也；杀，死灭也；活，长生也。言进心果决，贪于世事，则死灭也；若进心虚淡，不敢贪染，即长生也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c022", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "或，不定也；兩，謂敢與不敢也。言進心不敢，得長生故利；進身貪染，歸於死滅故害也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "或，不定也；两，谓敢与不敢也。言进心不敢，得长生故利；进身贪染，归于死灭故害也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害" }, { "id": "c023", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故", "kind": "note", "text": "天然之理，福善禍淫，推窮報應，莫知其宰。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天然之理，福善祸淫，推穷报应，莫知其宰。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故" }, { "id": "c024", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "自然之道，但不與物爭，而謙退卑己者，必獲於勝善之報也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "自然之道，但不与物争，而谦退卑己者，必获于胜善之报也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c025", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "禍福之報，其猶影響，不待言辭，而善惡必應。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "祸福之报，其犹影响，不待言辞，而善恶必应。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c026", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "善惡報應，隨其行業，不待呼召而必自來也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "善恶报应，随其行业，不待呼召而必自来也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c027", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "謀，計數也。言幽冥之理，無勞言說，而善能計算功過，毫分無失也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "谋，计数也。言幽冥之理，无劳言说，而善能计算功过，毫分无失也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c028", "block": 0, "source": "chengxuanying", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "恢恢，寬大也；網，憲法也。言天尊自然之網，甚自寬大，疏遠而業無大小，功過酬報，終無差失也。", "authorNote": "此為成玄英疏。", "citation": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "恢恢，宽大也；网，宪法也。言天尊自然之网，甚自宽大，疏远而业无大小，功过酬报，终无差失也。", "citationFull": "成玄英《老子道德經義疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此為成玄英疏。）", "citationSimp": "成玄英《老子道德经义疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为成玄英疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c029", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "敢謂果敢。言人勇於果敢從事，則失於謙柔退讓，必害於身，故云則殺；不敢者則可以活。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "敢谓果敢。言人勇于果敢从事，则失于谦柔退让，必害于身，故云则杀；不敢者则可以活。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c030", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "剛决為勇，必果為敢。言强梁之人無所畏忌，失於謙柔，决於果敢，犯上作亂者，則是殺身之道也，故曰勇於敢則殺。勇於不敢則活者，人若於事靜慎，斂身知退，所决在於不敢，不强梁犯患，則是活身之道，故云勇於不敢則活。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "刚决为勇，必果为敢。言强梁之人无所畏忌，失于谦柔，决于果敢，犯上作乱者，则是杀身之道也，故曰勇于敢则杀。勇于不敢则活者，人若于事静慎，敛身知退，所决在于不敢，不强梁犯患，则是活身之道，故云勇于不敢则活。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c031", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害……孰知其故", "kind": "note", "text": "兩者，敢與不敢也。能知不敢者有利，敢者有害，當須勇於不敢。此勇敢之人動有災害，乃天之所惡，誰能知其故哉？", "authorNote": "此為御注。《玄德纂疏》所引此條經文作「知此兩者或利或害」，注文轉錄有錯互，今據文義理順。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "两者，敢与不敢也。能知不敢者有利，敢者有害，当须勇于不敢。此勇敢之人动有灾害，乃天之所恶，谁能知其故哉？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。《玄德纂疏》所引此條經文作「知此兩者或利或害」，注文轉錄有錯互，今據文義理順。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。《玄德纂疏》所引此条经文作「知此两者或利或害」，注文转录有错互，今据文义理顺。", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害……孰知其故" }, { "id": "c032", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "兩者，敢與不敢也。言人能知勇敢則殺而有害，不敢則活而有利，當須勇於不敢。此兩者在勇雖同，所施則異，故云或利或害。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "两者，敢与不敢也。言人能知勇敢则杀而有害，不敢则活而有利，当须勇于不敢。此两者在勇虽同，所施则异，故云或利或害。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害" }, { "id": "c033", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故", "kind": "note", "text": "孰，誰也；故，猶意故也。勇敢於有為之人，動則有害，乃天道之所惡也，而代俗之人誰能知其意故者乎？", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "孰，谁也；故，犹意故也。勇敢于有为之人，动则有害，乃天道之所恶也，而代俗之人谁能知其意故者乎？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故" }, { "id": "c034", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人猶難為勇敢之事。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "圣人犹难为勇敢之事。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c035", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "此舉聖以勵凡也。夫以聖人之明，猶難於勇敢，懼其為害，況於凡人欲為勇敢，焉得無害乎？", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此举圣以励凡也。夫以圣人之明，犹难于勇敢，惧其为害，况于凡人欲为勇敢，焉得无害乎？", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c036", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "此下言天道謙虚，以戒人事勇敢。天不與物爭，四時盈虚，物無違者。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "此下言天道谦虚，以戒人事勇敢。天不与物争，四时盈虚，物无违者。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c037", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "因上言天之所惡，故此下四句廣明天道謙虚，以戒人事勇敢。人懷勝負，所以有爭；天道平施，唯善是與，物莫之違，故云善勝也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "因上言天之所恶，故此下四句广明天道谦虚，以戒人事勇敢。人怀胜负，所以有争；天道平施，唯善是与，物莫之违，故云善胜也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c038", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "天何言哉？福善禍淫，曾無差忒，故云善應。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天何言哉？福善祸淫，曾无差忒，故云善应。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c039", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "天何言哉？但福善禍淫，吉凶感應，故曰不言而善應。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天何言哉？但福善祸淫，吉凶感应，故曰不言而善应。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c040", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "天道不召物使從己，物不能違，自來順天爾。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天道不召物使从己，物不能违，自来顺天尔。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c041", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "凡物之來，皆由命召。今天不召於物而使從己，而萬物自來而順之，則負陰抱陽、春生夏長，皆非召而來也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "凡物之来，皆由命召。今天不召于物而使从己，而万物自来而顺之，则负阴抱阳、春生夏长，皆非召而来也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c042", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "天道玄遠，繟然寬大，垂象示變，人可則之，故云善謀。", "authorNote": "此為御疏；《玄德纂疏》云「御註與疏解同」。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天道玄远，𦈎然宽大，垂象示变，人可则之，故云善谋。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏；《玄德纂疏》云「御註與疏解同」。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏；《玄德纂疏》云「御注与疏解同」。", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c043", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "天之網羅恢恢，遠也。刑淫賞善，分毫不失。", "authorNote": "此為御注。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "天之网罗恢恢，远也。刑淫赏善，分毫不失。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御注。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御注。", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c044", "block": 0, "source": "tangxuanzong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "恢恢，寬大也。此覆釋上天道等義也。天道網羅雖復寬大，疏而且遠，賞善罰惡，不失毫分也。", "authorNote": "此為御疏。", "citation": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "textSimp": "恢恢，宽大也。此覆释上天道等义也。天道网罗虽复宽大，疏而且远，赏善罚恶，不失毫分也。", "citationFull": "唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）（此為御疏。）", "citationSimp": "唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引御注御疏）", "authorNoteSimp": "此为御疏。", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c045", "block": 0, "source": "yanzun", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "寂然蕩蕩，無所不圖也。", "authorNote": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引「嚴曰」。", "citation": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "寂然荡荡，无所不图也。", "citationFull": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引「嚴曰」。）", "citationSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "此章《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引「严曰」。", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c046", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s001" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "kind": "note", "text": "不懼為勇，心果為敢。白刃交於前，視死若生者，烈士之勇也。然智非計策，力異驍雄，貪利而前，必喪身命，故言則殺。義不爭利，仁必以慈，或以道德來人，或以策智伏物，於物無害，在我全身，故言則活。内明勇於聲色者殺身，不敢情塵者活己。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "不惧为勇，心果为敢。白刃交于前，视死若生者，烈士之勇也。然智非计策，力异骁雄，贪利而前，必丧身命，故言则杀。义不争利，仁必以慈，或以道德来人，或以策智伏物，于物无害，在我全身，故言则活。内明勇于声色者杀身，不敢情尘者活己。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活" }, { "id": "c047", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s002", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "此兩者，或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "謂殺活也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "谓杀活也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "此两者，或利或害" }, { "id": "c048", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故", "kind": "note", "text": "言天道好生惡殺，人多不能就利遣害，此乃不識天之意故也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "言天道好生恶杀，人多不能就利遣害，此乃不识天之意故也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故" }, { "id": "c049", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "天道無心，與物不競，自然尊貴而居物先也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "天道无心，与物不竞，自然尊贵而居物先也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c050", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "報於罪福，信之影響，毫分不失，故言善應。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "报于罪福，信之影响，毫分不失，故言善应。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c051", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "春生冬謝，寒往暑來，往者既非所遣，來者亦非命召也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "春生冬谢，寒往暑来，往者既非所遣，来者亦非命召也。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c052", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "大道甚夷，故曰繟然。圖人之得失，賞罰無差；鑒人之善惡，災祥不爽，故曰善謀。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "大道甚夷，故曰𦈎然。图人之得失，赏罚无差；鉴人之善恶，灾祥不爽，故曰善谋。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c053", "block": 0, "source": "lirong", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "羅之以太虚，網之於有象，既寬且大，故曰恢恢。罪有公私，愆無大小，微著皆盡，疏密無遺，故言不失。", "authorNote": "「愆」底本作古字「𠎝」，今改用通行字。", "citation": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "textSimp": "罗之以太虚，网之于有象，既宽且大，故曰恢恢。罪有公私，愆无大小，微着皆尽，疏密无遗，故言不失。", "citationFull": "李榮《道德真經注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）（「愆」底本作古字「𠎝」，今改用通行字。）", "citationSimp": "李荣《道德真经注》（《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引）", "authorNoteSimp": "「愆」底本作古字「𠎝」，今改用通行字。", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c054", "block": 0, "source": "luxisheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "勇於敢……疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "勇於果敢，殺之道也；勇於不果敢，生之道也。此兩者俱勇而所施各異：勇於敢則害物之命，勇於不敢則利物之生。然則天之所惡，其勇敢乎？其强梁乎？勇敢者殺物，强梁者殺己，誰知天惡勇敢强梁者之故，能以巽順柔弱為用乎？書曰：高明柔克。故天以柔弱為德也。何以明之？天不與萬物爭而萬物自伏，此善勝也；不與百姓言而百姓自信，此善應也；不與四時期而四時自至，此自來也。雖有三德，不為物先，然而垂象見吉凶，知之於未兆，福善禍淫，不差毫髮，可謂善謀者矣。故天之禁網雖恢恢然疏緩，而反道敗德者未嘗失之。書曰：為善天降之百祥，為不善天降之百殃，此之謂也。", "authorNote": "陸希聲此章傳一段，本站以五句為序。", "citation": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "勇于果敢，杀之道也；勇于不果敢，生之道也。此两者俱勇而所施各异：勇于敢则害物之命，勇于不敢则利物之生。然则天之所恶，其勇敢乎？其强梁乎？勇敢者杀物，强梁者杀己，谁知天恶勇敢强梁者之故，能以巽顺柔弱为用乎？书曰：高明柔克。故天以柔弱为德也。何以明之？天不与万物争而万物自伏，此善胜也；不与百姓言而百姓自信，此善应也；不与四时期而四时自至，此自来也。虽有三德，不为物先，然而垂象见吉凶，知之于未兆，福善祸淫，不差毫发，可谓善谋者矣。故天之禁网虽恢恢然疏缓，而反道败德者未尝失之。书曰：为善天降之百祥，为不善天降之百殃，此之谓也。", "citationFull": "陸希聲《道德經傳》（《道藏》本卷四）（陸希聲此章傳一段，本站以五句為序。）", "citationSimp": "陆希声《道德经传》（《道藏》本卷四）", "authorNoteSimp": "陆希声此章传一段，本站以五句为序。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢……疏而不失" }, { "id": "c055", "block": 0, "source": "lvhuiqing", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "勇於敢……疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "傳曰：用其剛强而必於外物者，勇於敢者也，則死之徒是已，故曰勇於敢則殺；致其柔弱而无所必者，勇於不敢者也，則生之徒是已，故曰勇於不敢則活。勇於敢者人以為利，而害或在其中矣；勇於不敢者人以為害，而利或在其中矣。然則天之所惡，殆非可以知知而識識也，故曰此兩者或利或害，天之所惡孰知其故。是以聖人之動也，豫若冬涉川，猶若畏四鄰，猶難之若此者，以天之所惡為不可知故也。夫唯不可知，則不識不知，乃所以順帝之則也。蓋天之生物，因其材而篤焉，栽者培之，傾者覆之，則未嘗與物爭者也，而物莫能違之者，故曰不爭而善勝。天何言哉？四時行焉，百物生焉，其行其生未嘗差也，故曰不言而善應。莫之為而為者天也，莫之致而至者命也，故曰不召而自來。易則易知，而其道盈虚，與時消息而未嘗違，故曰坦然而善謀。天聰明自我民聰明，天明威自我民明威，其聰明明威未嘗自用，而惠吉逆凶猶影響也，故曰天網恢恢，疏而不失。夫唯天之道不可知為如此，聖人所以勇於不敢而不識不知，乃知所以順之也。", "authorNote": "呂惠卿此章傳一段，經文作「坦然而善謀」。", "citation": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "传曰：用其刚强而必于外物者，勇于敢者也，则死之徒是已，故曰勇于敢则杀；致其柔弱而无所必者，勇于不敢者也，则生之徒是已，故曰勇于不敢则活。勇于敢者人以为利，而害或在其中矣；勇于不敢者人以为害，而利或在其中矣。然则天之所恶，殆非可以知知而识识也，故曰此两者或利或害，天之所恶孰知其故。是以圣人之动也，豫若冬涉川，犹若畏四邻，犹难之若此者，以天之所恶为不可知故也。夫唯不可知，则不识不知，乃所以顺帝之则也。盖天之生物，因其材而笃焉，栽者培之，倾者覆之，则未尝与物争者也，而物莫能违之者，故曰不争而善胜。天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉，其行其生未尝差也，故曰不言而善应。莫之为而为者天也，莫之致而至者命也，故曰不召而自来。易则易知，而其道盈虚，与时消息而未尝违，故曰坦然而善谋。天聪明自我民聪明，天明威自我民明威，其聪明明威未尝自用，而惠吉逆凶犹影响也，故曰天网恢恢，疏而不失。夫唯天之道不可知为如此，圣人所以勇于不敢而不识不知，乃知所以顺之也。", "citationFull": "呂惠卿《道德真經傳》（《道藏》本卷四）（呂惠卿此章傳一段，經文作「坦然而善謀」。）", "citationSimp": "吕惠卿《道德真经传》（《道藏》本卷四）", "authorNoteSimp": "吕惠卿此章传一段，经文作「坦然而善谋」。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢……疏而不失" }, { "id": "c056", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺……是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "勇於敢則死，勇於不敢則生，此物理之大常也。然而敢者或以得生，不敢者或以得死，世遂以僥倖其或然而忽其常理。夫天道之遠，其有一或然者，孰知其好惡之所從來哉？故雖聖人猶以常為正，其於勇敢未嘗不難之。列子曰：迎天意，揣利害，不如其已。患天道之難知，是以歷陳之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "勇于敢则死，勇于不敢则生，此物理之大常也。然而敢者或以得生，不敢者或以得死，世遂以侥幸其或然而忽其常理。夫天道之远，其有一或然者，孰知其好恶之所从来哉？故虽圣人犹以常为正，其于勇敢未尝不难之。列子曰：迎天意，揣利害，不如其已。患天道之难知，是以历陈之也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀……是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c057", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不爭而善勝", "kind": "note", "text": "不與物爭於一時，要於終勝之而已。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "不与物争于一时，要于终胜之而已。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "不争而善胜" }, { "id": "c058", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不言而善應", "kind": "note", "text": "天何言哉？四時行焉，百物生焉，未有求而不應者也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉，未有求而不应者也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "不言而善应" }, { "id": "c059", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "不召而自來", "kind": "note", "text": "神之格思，不可度思，矧可斁思。夫又誰召之哉？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "神之格思，不可度思，矧可斁思。夫又谁召之哉？", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "不召而自来" }, { "id": "c060", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s004" }, "lemma": "繟然而善謀", "kind": "note", "text": "繟然舒緩，若無所營，而其謀度非人所及也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "𦈎然舒缓，若无所营，而其谋度非人所及也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "𦈎然而善谋" }, { "id": "c061", "block": 0, "source": "suzhe", "target": { "start": "s005", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天網恢恢，疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "世以耳目觀天，見其一曲而不覩其大全。有以善而得禍、惡而得福者，未有不疑天網之疏而多失也。惟能要其終始而盡其變化，然後知其恢恢廣大，雖疏而不失也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "世以耳目观天，见其一曲而不覩其大全。有以善而得祸、恶而得福者，未有不疑天网之疏而多失也。惟能要其终始而尽其变化，然后知其恢恢广大，虽疏而不失也。", "citationFull": "蘇轍《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "苏辙《老子解》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "天网恢恢，疏而不失" }, { "id": "c062", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺……或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "此言用刑力之過人者勇也。敢，敢為惡；不敢，不敢為惡。設言二人皆麗于法：其一勇於敢者，敢為惡之心過於人，蓋怙終故犯之人也，則當殺之，虞典以為賊刑，周誥以為非眚惟終，乃不可不殺是也；其一勇於不敢者，不敢為惡之心過於人，蓋眚災誤犯之人也，則當活之，虞典謂眚災肆赦，周誥謂非終惟眚，時乃不可殺是也。刑故宥過，兩者帝王之刑；老子之意則又不然：言此兩者一利一害，利謂勇於不敢而活之者為宜，害謂勇於敢而殺之者恐或誤殺也。然則不敢者固宜活之，敢者亦不宜殺之也。", "authorNote": "吳澄以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "此言用刑力之过人者勇也。敢，敢为恶；不敢，不敢为恶。设言二人皆丽于法：其一勇于敢者，敢为恶之心过于人，盖怙终故犯之人也，则当杀之，虞典以为贼刑，周诰以为非眚惟终，乃不可不杀是也；其一勇于不敢者，不敢为恶之心过于人，盖眚灾误犯之人也，则当活之，虞典谓眚灾肆赦，周诰谓非终惟眚，时乃不可杀是也。刑故宥过，两者帝王之刑；老子之意则又不然：言此两者一利一害，利谓勇于不敢而活之者为宜，害谓勇于敢而杀之者恐或误杀也。然则不敢者固宜活之，敢者亦不宜杀之也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）（吳澄以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀……或利或害" }, { "id": "c063", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "敢為惡之人乃天所惡，然天之所惡深昧難測，何以知其果為天所惡之人乎？其人雖可殺，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之也。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "敢为恶之人乃天所恶，然天之所恶深昧难测，何以知其果为天所恶之人乎？其人虽可杀，圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c064", "block": 0, "source": "wucheng", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天之道……疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "聖人不輕易殺之，則為惡者皆得漏網而天網不漏也。天之於惡人，非如人之以力與爭，而天定自能勝人；非如人之以口與言，而其應如響應聲；其報應之速，不待召之而自來至。惡有惡報，雖用智計不可逃免。天雖無心，坦然平易，而巧於報應，有非人謀之所能及。此天網恢恢廣大，似若疏而不密，然未嘗失一惡人，無得漏網者。聖人雖不殺之，而天自殺之也。", "authorNote": "吳澄經文作「坦然而善謀」。", "citation": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "textSimp": "圣人不轻易杀之，则为恶者皆得漏网而天网不漏也。天之于恶人，非如人之以力与争，而天定自能胜人；非如人之以口与言，而其应如响应声；其报应之速，不待召之而自来至。恶有恶报，虽用智计不可逃免。天虽无心，坦然平易，而巧于报应，有非人谋之所能及。此天网恢恢广大，似若疏而不密，然未尝失一恶人，无得漏网者。圣人虽不杀之，而天自杀之也。", "citationFull": "吳澄《道德真經注》（《道藏》本卷四）（吳澄經文作「坦然而善謀」。）", "citationSimp": "吴澄《道德真经注》（《道藏》本卷四）", "authorNoteSimp": "吴澄经文作「坦然而善谋」。", "lemmaSimp": "天之道……疏而不失" }, { "id": "c065", "block": 0, "source": "hanshan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "勇於敢……疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "此言天命可畏，報應昭然，教人不可輕忽也。勇者，決定之志也；敢者，不計利害而決於為也。殺活，死生也。謂凡世人作事，不顧利害，不怕死生，而敢為之，然敢乃必死之地，故曰勇於敢則殺；若用志於不敢為，是足以保身全生，故曰勇於不敢則活。此天道必然之理也。且此二者，亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，至若顏子夭而盜蹠壽，此乃當害而利、當利而反害者，何耶？況天道好謙而惡盈，與善而惡惡，是則為惡者當惡而不惡，斯豈報應差舛耶？世皆疑之，故解之曰：天之所惡，孰能知其故？故，所以然也。孔子曰：無求生以害仁，有殺身以成仁。由此觀之，生存而仁害，雖生亦死；身滅而仁成，雖死亦生。斯則蹠非壽、顏非夭矣。此乃天道所以然之妙，而非世人所易知，是以聖人於此猶難之，不敢輕忽而敬畏之，所謂畏天之威、于時保之也。故下文歷示天道之所以：逆天者亡，故不爭而善勝；感應冥符，故不言而善應；吉凶禍福如影響，故不召而自來；然報愈遲而惡愈深、禍愈慘，故繟然而善謀；以報速者有所警，報緩則不及悔，必至盡絕而後已，此所謂善謀也。是則天道昭昭在上，如網之四張，雖恢恢廣大似乎疏闊，其實善惡感應毫髮不遺，此所謂疏而不失也。世人不知天命之如此，乃以敢以强以爭競於名利之場，將謂一身之謀不顧利害死生而為之，自謂智力以致之，蓋不知命之過，皆取死之道也，可不畏哉！", "authorNote": "憨山此章解一段。", "citation": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "此言天命可畏，报应昭然，教人不可轻忽也。勇者，决定之志也；敢者，不计利害而决于为也。杀活，死生也。谓凡世人作事，不顾利害，不怕死生，而敢为之，然敢乃必死之地，故曰勇于敢则杀；若用志于不敢为，是足以保身全生，故曰勇于不敢则活。此天道必然之理也。且此二者，亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，至若颜子夭而盗跖寿，此乃当害而利、当利而反害者，何耶？况天道好谦而恶盈，与善而恶恶，是则为恶者当恶而不恶，斯岂报应差舛耶？世皆疑之，故解之曰：天之所恶，孰能知其故？故，所以然也。孔子曰：无求生以害仁，有杀身以成仁。由此观之，生存而仁害，虽生亦死；身灭而仁成，虽死亦生。斯则跖非寿、颜非夭矣。此乃天道所以然之妙，而非世人所易知，是以圣人于此犹难之，不敢轻忽而敬畏之，所谓畏天之威、于时保之也。故下文历示天道之所以：逆天者亡，故不争而善胜；感应冥符，故不言而善应；吉凶祸福如影响，故不召而自来；然报愈迟而恶愈深、祸愈惨，故𦈎然而善谋；以报速者有所警，报缓则不及悔，必至尽绝而后已，此所谓善谋也。是则天道昭昭在上，如网之四张，虽恢恢广大似乎疏阔，其实善恶感应毫发不遗，此所谓疏而不失也。世人不知天命之如此，乃以敢以强以争竞于名利之场，将谓一身之谋不顾利害死生而为之，自谓智力以致之，盖不知命之过，皆取死之道也，可不畏哉！", "citationFull": "釋德清《道德經解》（公開轉錄本）（憨山此章解一段。）", "citationSimp": "释德清《道德经解》（公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "憨山此章解一段。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢……疏而不失" }, { "id": "c066", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s001", "end": "s002" }, "lemma": "勇於敢則殺……或利或害", "kind": "note", "text": "源案：此老子憫時救世之心也。見當世勇於用刑，故戒之曰：人之用勇不可不慎也。有勇於敢者，則常主於必殺；有勇於不敢者，則常主於活人。此兩者其用勇則同，而一利一害分焉，不可不審也。", "authorNote": "魏源以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "源案：此老子悯时救世之心也。见当世勇于用刑，故戒之曰：人之用勇不可不慎也。有勇于敢者，则常主于必杀；有勇于不敢者，则常主于活人。此两者其用勇则同，而一利一害分焉，不可不审也。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（魏源以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。", "lemmaSimp": "勇于敢则杀……或利或害" }, { "id": "c067", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s003", "end": "s003" }, "lemma": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之", "kind": "note", "text": "何則？人之勇於敢殺者，豈不自以為順天之所惡，故毅然行之而無難？然天意深矣遠矣，孰知其果為天所惡之人乎？是以雖奉天討之聖人，而於刑誅之際，猶兢兢然不敢輕易之。", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "何则？人之勇于敢杀者，岂不自以为顺天之所恶，故毅然行之而无难？然天意深矣远矣，孰知其果为天所恶之人乎？是以虽奉天讨之圣人，而于刑诛之际，犹兢兢然不敢轻易之。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之" }, { "id": "c068", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "天之道……疏而不失", "kind": "note", "text": "蓋天之生萬物，猶父母之生眾子，生之而不欲殺之者，其本心；及其自趨於死，雖欲宥之而不可得，則亦傾者覆之，此所以恢恢疏闊而自無漏網之人也，何待人之代執其咎哉？是以聖人誅罰，一聽諸天之自然，而未嘗以己意與之，則雖極好生之德，而未嘗失有罪之誅。是以網漏吞舟之魚，而為奇者吾奉天討以殺之，孰敢不畏？所謂刑一人而天下懲，誅四罪而天下服。蓋我不敢者，人亦不敢之也。苟其不然，天以恢恢之網，而吾以察察之網乘之，法網愈密，掛網愈眾，而人之不畏死者愈甚。何則？我敢者人亦敢之也。奉天者聽命，而代天者專權。敢與不敢，或利或害，可不慎乎？", "authorNote": "", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "盖天之生万物，犹父母之生众子，生之而不欲杀之者，其本心；及其自趋于死，虽欲宥之而不可得，则亦倾者覆之，此所以恢恢疏阔而自无漏网之人也，何待人之代执其咎哉？是以圣人诛罚，一听诸天之自然，而未尝以己意与之，则虽极好生之德，而未尝失有罪之诛。是以网漏吞舟之鱼，而为奇者吾奉天讨以杀之，孰敢不畏？所谓刑一人而天下惩，诛四罪而天下服。盖我不敢者，人亦不敢之也。苟其不然，天以恢恢之网，而吾以察察之网乘之，法网愈密，挂网愈众，而人之不畏死者愈甚。何则？我敢者人亦敢之也。奉天者听命，而代天者专权。敢与不敢，或利或害，可不慎乎？", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "lemmaSimp": "天之道……疏而不失" }, { "id": "c069", "block": 0, "source": "weiyuan", "target": { "start": "s004", "end": "s005" }, "lemma": "校記", "kind": "note", "text": "「繟」，河上作「墠」，梁武作「坦」，繟、墠、坦三字通用；傅奕作「默」，則與上文「不言」複矣。「疏而不失」，河上作「勿失」。", "authorNote": "魏源校記，附於經文下；本站正文從王弼道藏本。", "citation": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）", "textSimp": "「𦈎」，河上作「𫮃」，梁武作「坦」，𦈎、𫮃、坦三字通用；傅奕作「默」，则与上文「不言」复矣。「疏而不失」，河上作「勿失」。", "citationFull": "魏源《老子本義》（下篇，公開轉錄本）（魏源校記，附於經文下；本站正文從王弼道藏本。）", "citationSimp": "魏源《老子本义》（下篇，公开转录本）", "authorNoteSimp": "魏源校记，附于经文下；本站正文从王弼道藏本。", "lemmaSimp": "校记" } ], "charNotes": [ { "id": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 0, "end": 3, "char": "勇於敢", "charSimp": "勇于敢", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "yǒng yú gǎn", "gloss": "敢於逞強有為。", "glossSimp": "敢于逞强有为。", "general": "河上公謂勇敢有為則殺身；王弼謂必不得其死；成玄英謂進心果决、貪於世事則死滅；唐玄宗謂果敢從事失於謙柔退讓必害身；李榮謂烈士之勇貪利而前必喪身命；陸希聲謂勇於果敢為殺之道；呂惠卿謂剛强必於外物者為死之徒；蘇轍謂敢者或以得生而非常理；吳澄謂敢為惡者怙終故犯當殺；憨山謂敢為必死之地；魏源謂敢者常主於必殺。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓勇敢有为则杀身；王弼谓必不得其死；成玄英谓进心果决、贪于世事则死灭；唐玄宗谓果敢从事失于谦柔退让必害身；李荣谓烈士之勇贪利而前必丧身命；陆希声谓勇于果敢为杀之道；吕惠卿谓刚强必于外物者为死之徒；苏辙谓敢者或以得生而非常理；吴澄谓敢为恶者怙终故犯当杀；憨山谓敢为必死之地；魏源谓敢者常主于必杀。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c003", "c006", "c011", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c003", "c006", "c011", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ] }, { "id": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "start": 6, "end": 10, "char": "勇於不敢", "charSimp": "勇于不敢", "startSimp": 6, "endSimp": 10, "pinyin": "yǒng yú bù gǎn", "gloss": "敢於退讓不爭。", "glossSimp": "敢于退让不争。", "general": "河上公謂勇於不敢則活其身；王弼謂必齊命；成玄英謂進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生；唐玄宗謂静慎斂身知退則活；李榮謂仁義全身、不敢情塵者活己；陸希聲謂勇於不果敢為生之道；呂惠卿謂柔弱无所必者為生之徒；蘇轍謂不敢者或以得死而非常理；吳澄謂不敢為惡者眚災誤犯當活；憨山謂不敢足以保身全生；魏源謂不敢者常主於活人。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓勇于不敢则活其身；王弼谓必齐命；成玄英谓进心虚淡、不敢贪染即长生；唐玄宗谓静慎敛身知退则活；李荣谓仁义全身、不敢情尘者活己；陆希声谓勇于不果敢为生之道；吕惠卿谓柔弱无所必者为生之徒；苏辙谓不敢者或以得死而非常理；吴澄谓不敢为恶者眚灾误犯当活；憨山谓不敢足以保身全生；魏源谓不敢者常主于活人。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c004", "c012", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c004", "c012", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ] }, { "id": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 0, "end": 3, "char": "此兩者", "charSimp": "此两者", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 3, "pinyin": "cǐ liǎng zhě", "gloss": "指勇於敢與勇於不敢。", "glossSimp": "指勇于敢与勇于不敢。", "general": "河上公謂謂敢與不敢也；王弼謂俱勇而所施者異；成玄英謂兩謂敢與不敢；唐玄宗謂兩者敢與不敢也；李榮謂殺活也；陸希聲謂俱勇而所施各異；呂惠卿謂利害或在其中；蘇轍謂此物理之大常；吳澄謂一利一害；憨山謂二者亦有敢而生不敢而死者；魏源謂其用勇則同而一利一害分焉。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓谓敢与不敢也；王弼谓俱勇而所施者异；成玄英谓两谓敢与不敢；唐玄宗谓两者敢与不敢也；李荣谓杀活也；陆希声谓俱勇而所施各异；吕惠卿谓利害或在其中；苏辙谓此物理之大常；吴澄谓一利一害；憨山谓二者亦有敢而生不敢而死者；魏源谓其用勇则同而一利一害分焉。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ] }, { "id": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "start": 4, "end": 8, "char": "或利或害", "charSimp": "或利或害", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 8, "pinyin": "huò lì huò hài", "gloss": "有時得利，有時受害。", "glossSimp": "有时得利，有时受害。", "general": "河上公謂活身為利、殺身為害；王弼謂利害不同；成玄英謂進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害；唐玄宗謂在勇雖同所施則異；李榮謂殺活也；陸希聲謂敢則害物之命、不敢則利物之生；呂惠卿謂敢者以為利而害在其中；蘇轍謂敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死；吳澄謂利謂勇於不敢而活、害謂勇於敢而恐誤殺；憨山謂當害而利、當利而反害；魏源謂一利一害分焉。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓活身为利、杀身为害；王弼谓利害不同；成玄英谓进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害；唐玄宗谓在勇虽同所施则异；李荣谓杀活也；陆希声谓敢则害物之命、不敢则利物之生；吕惠卿谓敢者以为利而害在其中；苏辙谓敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死；吴澄谓利谓勇于不敢而活、害谓勇于敢而恐误杀；憨山谓当害而利、当利而反害；魏源谓一利一害分焉。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ] }, { "id": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 0, "end": 4, "char": "天之所惡", "charSimp": "天之所恶", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "tiān zhī suǒ wù", "gloss": "上天所厭惡的。", "glossSimp": "上天所厌恶的。", "general": "河上公謂惡有為也；王弼謂誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之；成玄英謂福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰；唐玄宗謂勇敢動有害乃天道所惡；李榮謂天道好生惡殺；陸希聲謂其勇敢乎其强梁乎；呂惠卿謂非可以知知而識識；蘇轍謂天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來；吳澄謂天之所惡深昧難測；憨山謂為惡者當惡而不惡世皆疑之；魏源謂敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓恶有为也；王弼谓谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之；成玄英谓福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰；唐玄宗谓勇敢动有害乃天道所恶；李荣谓天道好生恶杀；陆希声谓其勇敢乎其强梁乎；吕惠卿谓非可以知知而识识；苏辙谓天道之远孰知其好恶所从来；吴澄谓天之所恶深昧难测；憨山谓为恶者当恶而不恶世皆疑之；魏源谓敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ] }, { "id": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 5, "end": 9, "char": "孰知其故", "charSimp": "孰知其故", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "shú zhī qí gù", "gloss": "誰能知道其中的緣故。", "glossSimp": "谁能知道其中的缘故。", "general": "河上公謂誰能知天意之故而不犯；王弼謂孰誰也、誰能知天下之所惡意故；成玄英謂推窮報應莫知其宰；唐玄宗謂孰誰也、故猶意故也；李榮謂不識天之意故；陸希聲謂誰知天惡勇敢强梁者之故；呂惠卿謂天之所惡不可知；蘇轍謂孰知其好惡之所從來；吳澄謂天之所惡深昧難測；憨山謂故所以然也；魏源謂天意深矣遠矣孰知其果為天所惡之人。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓谁能知天意之故而不犯；王弼谓孰谁也、谁能知天下之所恶意故；成玄英谓推穷报应莫知其宰；唐玄宗谓孰谁也、故犹意故也；李荣谓不识天之意故；陆希声谓谁知天恶勇敢强梁者之故；吕惠卿谓天之所恶不可知；苏辙谓孰知其好恶之所从来；吴澄谓天之所恶深昧难测；憨山谓故所以然也；魏源谓天意深矣远矣孰知其果为天所恶之人。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ] }, { "id": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "start": 14, "end": 17, "char": "猶難之", "charSimp": "犹难之", "startSimp": 14, "endSimp": 17, "pinyin": "yóu nán zhī", "gloss": "尚且以為難而慎重對待。", "glossSimp": "尚且以为难而慎重对待。", "general": "河上公謂聖人之明德猶難於勇敢；王弼謂聖明猶難於勇敢況無聖明而欲行之；唐玄宗謂聖人猶難為勇敢之事、舉聖以勵凡；陸希聲謂天以柔弱為德、當以巽順為用；呂惠卿謂豫若冬涉川猶若畏四鄰；蘇轍謂聖人猶以常為正而難之；吳澄謂聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之；憨山謂不敢輕忽而敬畏之；魏源謂聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓圣人之明德犹难于勇敢；王弼谓圣明犹难于勇敢况无圣明而欲行之；唐玄宗谓圣人犹难为勇敢之事、举圣以励凡；陆希声谓天以柔弱为德、当以巽顺为用；吕惠卿谓豫若冬涉川犹若畏四邻；苏辙谓圣人犹以常为正而难之；吴澄谓圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之；憨山谓不敢轻忽而敬畏之；魏源谓圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c005", "c014", "c034", "c035", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c005", "c014", "c034", "c035", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ] }, { "id": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 4, "end": 9, "char": "不爭而善勝", "charSimp": "不争而善胜", "startSimp": 4, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "bù zhēng ér shàn shèng", "gloss": "不爭鬥而善於取勝。", "glossSimp": "不争斗而善于取胜。", "general": "河上公謂天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之；王弼謂天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭；成玄英謂謙退卑己必獲勝善之報；唐玄宗謂天不與物爭四時盈虚物無違者、天道平施唯善是與；李榮謂天道無心與物不競；陸希聲謂天不與萬物爭而萬物自伏；呂惠卿謂生物因材栽者培之傾者覆之；蘇轍謂不與物爭於一時要於終勝；吳澄謂天定自能勝人；憨山謂逆天者亡故不爭善勝；魏源謂聖人誅罰一聽諸天。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天不与人争贵贱而人畏之；王弼谓天虽不争故天下莫能与之争；成玄英谓谦退卑己必获胜善之报；唐玄宗谓天不与物争四时盈虚物无违者、天道平施唯善是与；李荣谓天道无心与物不竞；陆希声谓天不与万物争而万物自伏；吕惠卿谓生物因材栽者培之倾者覆之；苏辙谓不与物争于一时要于终胜；吴澄谓天定自能胜人；憨山谓逆天者亡故不争善胜；魏源谓圣人诛罚一听诸天。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c015", "c024", "c036", "c037", "c049", "c054", "c055", "c057", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c015", "c024", "c036", "c037", "c049", "c054", "c055", "c057", "c064", "c065", "c068" ] }, { "id": "n009", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 22, "end": 24, "char": "繟然", "charSimp": "𦈎然", "startSimp": 22, "endSimp": 25, "pinyin": "chǎn rán", "gloss": "舒緩寬大貌；一作「坦然」。", "glossSimp": "舒缓宽大貌；一作「坦然」。", "general": "河上公謂繟寬也；王弼謂垂象見吉凶、先事設誠、未召而謀；成玄英謂幽冥之理無勞言說而善計算功過；唐玄宗謂繟然寬大垂象示變；嚴遵謂寂然蕩蕩無所不圖；李榮謂大道甚夷故曰繟然；蘇轍謂繟然舒緩若無所營；吳澄作坦然平易；憨山注音闌、謂舒緩；魏源校記謂河上作墠、梁武作坦、傅奕作默。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓𦈎宽也；王弼谓垂象见吉凶、先事设诚、未召而谋；成玄英谓幽冥之理无劳言说而善计算功过；唐玄宗谓𦈎然宽大垂象示变；严遵谓寂然荡荡无所不图；李荣谓大道甚夷故曰𦈎然；苏辙谓𦈎然舒缓若无所营；吴澄作坦然平易；憨山注音阑、谓舒缓；魏源校记谓河上作𫮃、梁武作坦、傅奕作默。", "variants": [ "坦然" ], "variantsSimp": [ "坦然" ], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ] }, { "id": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "start": 25, "end": 27, "char": "善謀", "charSimp": "善谋", "startSimp": 26, "endSimp": 28, "pinyin": "shàn móu", "gloss": "善於謀劃。", "glossSimp": "善于谋划。", "general": "河上公謂天道雖寬博善謀慮、人事修善行惡各蒙其報；王弼謂垂象見吉凶先事設誠；成玄英謂善能計算功過毫分無失；唐玄宗謂垂象示變人可則之；嚴遵謂無所不圖；李榮謂賞罰無差災祥不爽；蘇轍謂謀度非人所及；吳澄謂巧於報應非人謀所及；憨山謂報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀；魏源謂聖人誅罰聽諸天之自然。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天道虽宽博善谋虑、人事修善行恶各蒙其报；王弼谓垂象见吉凶先事设诚；成玄英谓善能计算功过毫分无失；唐玄宗谓垂象示变人可则之；严遵谓无所不图；李荣谓赏罚无差灾祥不爽；苏辙谓谋度非人所及；吴澄谓巧于报应非人谋所及；憨山谓报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋；魏源谓圣人诛罚听诸天之自然。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068" ] }, { "id": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 0, "end": 4, "char": "天網恢恢", "charSimp": "天网恢恢", "startSimp": 0, "endSimp": 4, "pinyin": "tiān wǎng huī huī", "gloss": "天網廣大無邊。", "glossSimp": "天网广大无边。", "general": "河上公謂天所網羅恢恢甚大；成玄英謂自然之網寬大疏遠；唐玄宗謂天之網羅恢恢遠也；李榮謂太虚為網既寬且大；陸希聲謂天之禁網雖恢恢然疏緩；蘇轍謂恢恢廣大雖疏而不失；吳澄謂天網恢恢廣大似若疏而不密；憨山謂天道如網四張雖恢恢廣大；魏源謂天以恢恢之網而人代以察察之網乘之則法網愈密。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天所网罗恢恢甚大；成玄英谓自然之网宽大疏远；唐玄宗谓天之网罗恢恢远也；李荣谓太虚为网既宽且大；陆希声谓天之禁网虽恢恢然疏缓；苏辙谓恢恢广大虽疏而不失；吴澄谓天网恢恢广大似若疏而不密；憨山谓天道如网四张虽恢恢广大；魏源谓天以恢恢之网而人代以察察之网乘之则法网愈密。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ] }, { "id": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "start": 5, "end": 9, "char": "疏而不失", "charSimp": "疏而不失", "startSimp": 5, "endSimp": 9, "pinyin": "shū ér bù shī", "gloss": "雖然稀疏，卻不遺失。", "glossSimp": "虽然稀疏，却不遗失。", "general": "河上公謂雖疏遠司察人善惡無有所失；成玄英謂功過酬報終無差失；唐玄宗謂疏而且遠賞善罰惡不失毫分；李榮謂疏密無遺；陸希聲謂反道敗德者未嘗失之；蘇轍謂雖疏而不失；吳澄謂未嘗失一惡人；憨山謂善惡感應毫髮不遺；魏源謂聖人雖不殺之而天自殺之，校記謂河上作勿失。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓虽疏远司察人善恶无有所失；成玄英谓功过酬报终无差失；唐玄宗谓疏而且远赏善罚恶不失毫分；李荣谓疏密无遗；陆希声谓反道败德者未尝失之；苏辙谓虽疏而不失；吴澄谓未尝失一恶人；憨山谓善恶感应毫发不遗；魏源谓圣人虽不杀之而天自杀之，校记谓河上作勿失。", "variants": [ "勿失" ], "variantsSimp": [ "勿失" ], "refs": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ] } ], "glossary": { "任為第七十三": "河上公本章章題全稱。", "勇於敢章": "成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "勇於敢章第七十三": "成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題全稱。", "勇於敢": "敢於逞強有為。", "勇於不敢": "敢於退讓不爭。", "敢": "果敢、逞強而進。", "此兩者": "指勇於敢與勇於不敢。", "或利或害": "有時得利，有時受害。", "天之所惡": "上天所厭惡的。", "孰知其故": "誰能知道其中的緣故。", "猶難之": "尚且以為難而慎重對待。", "天之道": "上天運行的法則。", "不爭而善勝": "不爭鬥而善於取勝。", "不言而善應": "不說話而善於回應。", "不召而自來": "不召喚而萬物自來。", "繟然": "舒緩寬大貌；一作「坦然」。", "善謀": "善於謀劃。", "天網恢恢": "天網廣大無邊。", "疏而不失": "雖然稀疏，卻不遺失。", "剛决": "御疏語，剛强决斷。", "强梁": "陸希聲語，强橫逞暴。", "巽順": "陸希聲語，柔順謙下。", "烈士": "李榮語，重義輕生之士。", "怙終": "吳澄語，恃惡不悛。", "眚災": "吳澄語，因過失而致災。", "高明柔克": "陸希聲引《書》，謂高明者當以柔治之。", "帝之則": "呂惠卿語，天帝之法則。", "察察之網": "魏源語，苛細嚴密的法網。", "奉天討": "魏源語，奉行天意討伐有罪。", "玄德纂疏": "唐道教注疏彙編，存成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮等佚文。", "指歸": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》。", "輯文": "輯錄佚文。", "四部叢刊本": "河上公此章所用底本。", "道藏本": "王弼此章所用底本。" }, "collations": [ { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "章次與章題", "text": "河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本此章無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。本站從王弼本分章。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公题「任为第七十三」；成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙题「勇于敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陆希声本此章无章题；憨山次为七十三章而无章题；吴澄、魏源均以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。本站从王弼本分章。", "headwordSimp": "章次与章题", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k001" }, { "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "「此兩者」與「知此兩者」", "text": "王弼、魏源作「此兩者」；《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引經文與御注作「知此兩者」；河上公注亦云「常知此兩者」。本站從王弼作「此兩者」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、魏源作「此两者」；《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引经文与御注作「知此两者」；河上公注亦云「常知此两者」。本站从王弼作「此两者」。", "headwordSimp": "「此两者」与「知此两者」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k002" }, { "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "「繟然」與「坦然」「墠」「默」", "text": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、李榮、陸希聲、蘇轍、憨山作「繟然而善謀」；呂惠卿、吳澄作「坦然而善謀」；魏源校記謂河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」，繟、墠、坦三字通用，傅奕作「默」，則與上文「不言」複。憨山注音「闌」，謂舒緩。本站從王弼作「繟然」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "王弼、河上公、成玄英、李荣、陆希声、苏辙、憨山作「𦈎然而善谋」；吕惠卿、吴澄作「坦然而善谋」；魏源校记谓河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」，𦈎、𫮃、坦三字通用，傅奕作「默」，则与上文「不言」复。憨山注音「阑」，谓舒缓。本站从王弼作「𦈎然」。", "headwordSimp": "「𦈎然」与「坦然」「𫮃」「默」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k003" }, { "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "「疏而不失」與河上「勿失」", "text": "諸本作「疏而不失」；魏源校記謂河上公作「勿失」。本站從王弼作「疏而不失」。", "source": "王弼《老子道德經注》、河上公《老子道德經章句》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "诸本作「疏而不失」；魏源校记谓河上公作「勿失」。本站从王弼作「疏而不失」。", "headwordSimp": "「疏而不失」与河上「勿失」", "sourceSimp": "王弼《老子道德经注》、河上公《老子道德经章句》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k004" }, { "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "出處、注數與王夫之俞樾缺佚", "text": "河上公據四部叢刊本、參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；王弼據道藏本；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本卷四；憨山、魏源據公開轉錄本。嚴遵此章《玄德纂疏》存「嚴曰」一則；王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故均不列。河上公十條、王弼八條、成玄英章義二則與疏八條、唐玄宗御注七條、御疏九條、嚴遵輯文一條、李榮八條、陸希聲一段、呂惠卿一段、蘇轍六條、吳澄三段、憨山一段、魏源本義三段與校記一條。", "source": "河上公《老子道德經章句》、王弼《老子道德經注》、成玄英《老子道德經義疏》、唐玄宗《道德真經注疏》、嚴遵《道德真經指歸》、李榮《道德真經注》、陸希聲《道德經傳》、呂惠卿《道德真經傳》、蘇轍《老子解》、吳澄《道德真經注》、釋德清《道德經解》、魏源《老子本義》", "textSimp": "河上公据四部丛刊本、参《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；王弼据道藏本；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵、李荣据《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；陆希声、吕惠卿、苏辙、吴澄据《道藏》本卷四；憨山、魏源据公开转录本。严遵此章《玄德纂疏》存「严曰」一则；王夫之《老子衍》公开转录本止于第六十六章；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故均不列。河上公十条、王弼八条、成玄英章义二则与疏八条、唐玄宗御注七条、御疏九条、严遵辑文一条、李荣八条、陆希声一段、吕惠卿一段、苏辙六条、吴澄三段、憨山一段、魏源本义三段与校记一条。", "headwordSimp": "出处、注数与王夫之俞樾缺佚", "sourceSimp": "河上公《老子道德经章句》、王弼《老子道德经注》、成玄英《老子道德经义疏》、唐玄宗《道德真经注疏》、严遵《道德真经指归》、李荣《道德真经注》、陆希声《道德经传》、吕惠卿《道德真经传》、苏辙《老子解》、吴澄《道德真经注》、释德清《道德经解》、魏源《老子本义》", "id": "k005" } ], "glossarySimp": { "任为第七十三": "河上公本章章题全称。", "勇于敢章": "成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "勇于敢章第七十三": "成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题全称。", "勇于敢": "敢于逞强有为。", "勇于不敢": "敢于退让不争。", "敢": "果敢、逞强而进。", "此两者": "指勇于敢与勇于不敢。", "或利或害": "有时得利，有时受害。", "天之所恶": "上天所厌恶的。", "孰知其故": "谁能知道其中的缘故。", "犹难之": "尚且以为难而慎重对待。", "天之道": "上天运行的法则。", "不争而善胜": "不争斗而善于取胜。", "不言而善应": "不说话而善于回应。", "不召而自来": "不召唤而万物自来。", "𦈎然": "舒缓宽大貌；一作「坦然」。", "善谋": "善于谋划。", "天网恢恢": "天网广大无边。", "疏而不失": "虽然稀疏，却不遗失。", "刚决": "御疏语，刚强决断。", "强梁": "陆希声语，强横逞暴。", "巽顺": "陆希声语，柔顺谦下。", "烈士": "李荣语，重义轻生之士。", "怙终": "吴澄语，恃恶不悛。", "眚灾": "吴澄语，因过失而致灾。", "高明柔克": "陆希声引《书》，谓高明者当以柔治之。", "帝之则": "吕惠卿语，天帝之法则。", "察察之网": "魏源语，苛细严密的法网。", "奉天讨": "魏源语，奉行天意讨伐有罪。", "玄德纂疏": "唐道教注疏汇编，存成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣等佚文。", "指归": "严遵《道德真经指归》。", "辑文": "辑录佚文。", "四部丛刊本": "河上公此章所用底本。", "道藏本": "王弼此章所用底本。" }, "lexicon": { "note": "由构建脚本从字词注与常用字表生成，供义位词典和开放数据集使用；occurrence 统计按繁体与简体正文分别匹配后合并。", "entries": [ { "order": 1, "id": "n001", "noteId": "n001", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "勇於敢", "headwordSimp": "勇于敢", "pinyin": "yǒng yú gǎn", "gloss": "敢於逞強有為。", "glossSimp": "敢于逞强有为。", "general": "河上公謂勇敢有為則殺身；王弼謂必不得其死；成玄英謂進心果决、貪於世事則死滅；唐玄宗謂果敢從事失於謙柔退讓必害身；李榮謂烈士之勇貪利而前必喪身命；陸希聲謂勇於果敢為殺之道；呂惠卿謂剛强必於外物者為死之徒；蘇轍謂敢者或以得生而非常理；吳澄謂敢為惡者怙終故犯當殺；憨山謂敢為必死之地；魏源謂敢者常主於必殺。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓勇敢有为则杀身；王弼谓必不得其死；成玄英谓进心果决、贪于世事则死灭；唐玄宗谓果敢从事失于谦柔退让必害身；李荣谓烈士之勇贪利而前必丧身命；陆希声谓勇于果敢为杀之道；吕惠卿谓刚强必于外物者为死之徒；苏辙谓敢者或以得生而非常理；吴澄谓敢为恶者怙终故犯当杀；憨山谓敢为必死之地；魏源谓敢者常主于必杀。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c001", "c003", "c006", "c011", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c001", "c003", "c006", "c011", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於敢", "formSimp": "勇于敢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 2, "id": "n002", "noteId": "n002", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "勇於不敢", "headwordSimp": "勇于不敢", "pinyin": "yǒng yú bù gǎn", "gloss": "敢於退讓不爭。", "glossSimp": "敢于退让不争。", "general": "河上公謂勇於不敢則活其身；王弼謂必齊命；成玄英謂進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生；唐玄宗謂静慎斂身知退則活；李榮謂仁義全身、不敢情塵者活己；陸希聲謂勇於不果敢為生之道；呂惠卿謂柔弱无所必者為生之徒；蘇轍謂不敢者或以得死而非常理；吳澄謂不敢為惡者眚災誤犯當活；憨山謂不敢足以保身全生；魏源謂不敢者常主於活人。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓勇于不敢则活其身；王弼谓必齐命；成玄英谓进心虚淡、不敢贪染即长生；唐玄宗谓静慎敛身知退则活；李荣谓仁义全身、不敢情尘者活己；陆希声谓勇于不果敢为生之道；吕惠卿谓柔弱无所必者为生之徒；苏辙谓不敢者或以得死而非常理；吴澄谓不敢为恶者眚灾误犯当活；憨山谓不敢足以保身全生；魏源谓不敢者常主于活人。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c002", "c004", "c012", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c002", "c004", "c012", "c021", "c029", "c030", "c046", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於不敢", "formSimp": "勇于不敢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 3, "id": "n003", "noteId": "n003", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "此兩者", "headwordSimp": "此两者", "pinyin": "cǐ liǎng zhě", "gloss": "指勇於敢與勇於不敢。", "glossSimp": "指勇于敢与勇于不敢。", "general": "河上公謂謂敢與不敢也；王弼謂俱勇而所施者異；成玄英謂兩謂敢與不敢；唐玄宗謂兩者敢與不敢也；李榮謂殺活也；陸希聲謂俱勇而所施各異；呂惠卿謂利害或在其中；蘇轍謂此物理之大常；吳澄謂一利一害；憨山謂二者亦有敢而生不敢而死者；魏源謂其用勇則同而一利一害分焉。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓谓敢与不敢也；王弼谓俱勇而所施者异；成玄英谓两谓敢与不敢；唐玄宗谓两者敢与不敢也；李荣谓杀活也；陆希声谓俱勇而所施各异；吕惠卿谓利害或在其中；苏辙谓此物理之大常；吴澄谓一利一害；憨山谓二者亦有敢而生不敢而死者；魏源谓其用勇则同而一利一害分焉。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "forms": [ { "form": "此兩者", "formSimp": "此两者", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 4, "id": "n004", "noteId": "n004", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "或利或害", "headwordSimp": "或利或害", "pinyin": "huò lì huò hài", "gloss": "有時得利，有時受害。", "glossSimp": "有时得利，有时受害。", "general": "河上公謂活身為利、殺身為害；王弼謂利害不同；成玄英謂進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害；唐玄宗謂在勇雖同所施則異；李榮謂殺活也；陸希聲謂敢則害物之命、不敢則利物之生；呂惠卿謂敢者以為利而害在其中；蘇轍謂敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死；吳澄謂利謂勇於不敢而活、害謂勇於敢而恐誤殺；憨山謂當害而利、當利而反害；魏源謂一利一害分焉。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓活身为利、杀身为害；王弼谓利害不同；成玄英谓进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害；唐玄宗谓在勇虽同所施则异；李荣谓杀活也；陆希声谓敢则害物之命、不敢则利物之生；吕惠卿谓敢者以为利而害在其中；苏辙谓敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死；吴澄谓利谓勇于不敢而活、害谓勇于敢而恐误杀；憨山谓当害而利、当利而反害；魏源谓一利一害分焉。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "refsSimp": [ "c003", "c013", "c022", "c031", "c032", "c047", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c062", "c065", "c066" ], "forms": [ { "form": "或利或害", "formSimp": "或利或害", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 5, "id": "n005", "noteId": "n005", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "天之所惡", "headwordSimp": "天之所恶", "pinyin": "tiān zhī suǒ wù", "gloss": "上天所厭惡的。", "glossSimp": "上天所厌恶的。", "general": "河上公謂惡有為也；王弼謂誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之；成玄英謂福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰；唐玄宗謂勇敢動有害乃天道所惡；李榮謂天道好生惡殺；陸希聲謂其勇敢乎其强梁乎；呂惠卿謂非可以知知而識識；蘇轍謂天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來；吳澄謂天之所惡深昧難測；憨山謂為惡者當惡而不惡世皆疑之；魏源謂敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓恶有为也；王弼谓谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之；成玄英谓福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰；唐玄宗谓勇敢动有害乃天道所恶；李荣谓天道好生恶杀；陆希声谓其勇敢乎其强梁乎；吕惠卿谓非可以知知而识识；苏辙谓天道之远孰知其好恶所从来；吴澄谓天之所恶深昧难测；憨山谓为恶者当恶而不恶世皆疑之；魏源谓敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "forms": [ { "form": "天之所惡", "formSimp": "天之所恶", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 6, "id": "n006", "noteId": "n006", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "孰知其故", "headwordSimp": "孰知其故", "pinyin": "shú zhī qí gù", "gloss": "誰能知道其中的緣故。", "glossSimp": "谁能知道其中的缘故。", "general": "河上公謂誰能知天意之故而不犯；王弼謂孰誰也、誰能知天下之所惡意故；成玄英謂推窮報應莫知其宰；唐玄宗謂孰誰也、故猶意故也；李榮謂不識天之意故；陸希聲謂誰知天惡勇敢强梁者之故；呂惠卿謂天之所惡不可知；蘇轍謂孰知其好惡之所從來；吳澄謂天之所惡深昧難測；憨山謂故所以然也；魏源謂天意深矣遠矣孰知其果為天所惡之人。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓谁能知天意之故而不犯；王弼谓孰谁也、谁能知天下之所恶意故；成玄英谓推穷报应莫知其宰；唐玄宗谓孰谁也、故犹意故也；李荣谓不识天之意故；陆希声谓谁知天恶勇敢强梁者之故；吕惠卿谓天之所恶不可知；苏辙谓孰知其好恶之所从来；吴澄谓天之所恶深昧难测；憨山谓故所以然也；魏源谓天意深矣远矣孰知其果为天所恶之人。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c004", "c014", "c023", "c031", "c033", "c048", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "forms": [ { "form": "孰知其故", "formSimp": "孰知其故", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 7, "id": "n007", "noteId": "n007", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "猶難之", "headwordSimp": "犹难之", "pinyin": "yóu nán zhī", "gloss": "尚且以為難而慎重對待。", "glossSimp": "尚且以为难而慎重对待。", "general": "河上公謂聖人之明德猶難於勇敢；王弼謂聖明猶難於勇敢況無聖明而欲行之；唐玄宗謂聖人猶難為勇敢之事、舉聖以勵凡；陸希聲謂天以柔弱為德、當以巽順為用；呂惠卿謂豫若冬涉川猶若畏四鄰；蘇轍謂聖人猶以常為正而難之；吳澄謂聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之；憨山謂不敢輕忽而敬畏之；魏源謂聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓圣人之明德犹难于勇敢；王弼谓圣明犹难于勇敢况无圣明而欲行之；唐玄宗谓圣人犹难为勇敢之事、举圣以励凡；陆希声谓天以柔弱为德、当以巽顺为用；吕惠卿谓豫若冬涉川犹若畏四邻；苏辙谓圣人犹以常为正而难之；吴澄谓圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之；憨山谓不敢轻忽而敬畏之；魏源谓圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c005", "c014", "c034", "c035", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "refsSimp": [ "c005", "c014", "c034", "c035", "c054", "c055", "c056", "c063", "c065", "c067" ], "forms": [ { "form": "猶難之", "formSimp": "犹难之", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 8, "id": "n008", "noteId": "n008", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "不爭而善勝", "headwordSimp": "不争而善胜", "pinyin": "bù zhēng ér shàn shèng", "gloss": "不爭鬥而善於取勝。", "glossSimp": "不争斗而善于取胜。", "general": "河上公謂天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之；王弼謂天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭；成玄英謂謙退卑己必獲勝善之報；唐玄宗謂天不與物爭四時盈虚物無違者、天道平施唯善是與；李榮謂天道無心與物不競；陸希聲謂天不與萬物爭而萬物自伏；呂惠卿謂生物因材栽者培之傾者覆之；蘇轍謂不與物爭於一時要於終勝；吳澄謂天定自能勝人；憨山謂逆天者亡故不爭善勝；魏源謂聖人誅罰一聽諸天。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天不与人争贵贱而人畏之；王弼谓天虽不争故天下莫能与之争；成玄英谓谦退卑己必获胜善之报；唐玄宗谓天不与物争四时盈虚物无违者、天道平施唯善是与；李荣谓天道无心与物不竞；陆希声谓天不与万物争而万物自伏；吕惠卿谓生物因材栽者培之倾者覆之；苏辙谓不与物争于一时要于终胜；吴澄谓天定自能胜人；憨山谓逆天者亡故不争善胜；魏源谓圣人诛罚一听诸天。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c006", "c015", "c024", "c036", "c037", "c049", "c054", "c055", "c057", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "refsSimp": [ "c006", "c015", "c024", "c036", "c037", "c049", "c054", "c055", "c057", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "forms": [ { "form": "不爭而善勝", "formSimp": "不争而善胜", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 9, "id": "n009", "noteId": "n009", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "繟然", "headwordSimp": "𦈎然", "pinyin": "chǎn rán", "gloss": "舒緩寬大貌；一作「坦然」。", "glossSimp": "舒缓宽大貌；一作「坦然」。", "general": "河上公謂繟寬也；王弼謂垂象見吉凶、先事設誠、未召而謀；成玄英謂幽冥之理無勞言說而善計算功過；唐玄宗謂繟然寬大垂象示變；嚴遵謂寂然蕩蕩無所不圖；李榮謂大道甚夷故曰繟然；蘇轍謂繟然舒緩若無所營；吳澄作坦然平易；憨山注音闌、謂舒緩；魏源校記謂河上作墠、梁武作坦、傅奕作默。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓𦈎宽也；王弼谓垂象见吉凶、先事设诚、未召而谋；成玄英谓幽冥之理无劳言说而善计算功过；唐玄宗谓𦈎然宽大垂象示变；严遵谓寂然荡荡无所不图；李荣谓大道甚夷故曰𦈎然；苏辙谓𦈎然舒缓若无所营；吴澄作坦然平易；憨山注音阑、谓舒缓；魏源校记谓河上作𫮃、梁武作坦、傅奕作默。", "variants": [ "坦然" ], "variantsSimp": [ "坦然" ], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "forms": [ { "form": "繟然", "formSimp": "𦈎然", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 10, "id": "n010", "noteId": "n010", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "善謀", "headwordSimp": "善谋", "pinyin": "shàn móu", "gloss": "善於謀劃。", "glossSimp": "善于谋划。", "general": "河上公謂天道雖寬博善謀慮、人事修善行惡各蒙其報；王弼謂垂象見吉凶先事設誠；成玄英謂善能計算功過毫分無失；唐玄宗謂垂象示變人可則之；嚴遵謂無所不圖；李榮謂賞罰無差災祥不爽；蘇轍謂謀度非人所及；吳澄謂巧於報應非人謀所及；憨山謂報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀；魏源謂聖人誅罰聽諸天之自然。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天道虽宽博善谋虑、人事修善行恶各蒙其报；王弼谓垂象见吉凶先事设诚；成玄英谓善能计算功过毫分无失；唐玄宗谓垂象示变人可则之；严遵谓无所不图；李荣谓赏罚无差灾祥不爽；苏辙谓谋度非人所及；吴澄谓巧于报应非人谋所及；憨山谓报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋；魏源谓圣人诛罚听诸天之自然。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "refsSimp": [ "c009", "c018", "c027", "c042", "c045", "c052", "c060", "c064", "c065", "c068" ], "forms": [ { "form": "善謀", "formSimp": "善谋", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 11, "id": "n011", "noteId": "n011", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "天網恢恢", "headwordSimp": "天网恢恢", "pinyin": "tiān wǎng huī huī", "gloss": "天網廣大無邊。", "glossSimp": "天网广大无边。", "general": "河上公謂天所網羅恢恢甚大；成玄英謂自然之網寬大疏遠；唐玄宗謂天之網羅恢恢遠也；李榮謂太虚為網既寬且大；陸希聲謂天之禁網雖恢恢然疏緩；蘇轍謂恢恢廣大雖疏而不失；吳澄謂天網恢恢廣大似若疏而不密；憨山謂天道如網四張雖恢恢廣大；魏源謂天以恢恢之網而人代以察察之網乘之則法網愈密。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓天所网罗恢恢甚大；成玄英谓自然之网宽大疏远；唐玄宗谓天之网罗恢恢远也；李荣谓太虚为网既宽且大；陆希声谓天之禁网虽恢恢然疏缓；苏辙谓恢恢广大虽疏而不失；吴澄谓天网恢恢广大似若疏而不密；憨山谓天道如网四张虽恢恢广大；魏源谓天以恢恢之网而人代以察察之网乘之则法网愈密。", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "forms": [ { "form": "天網恢恢", "formSimp": "天网恢恢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 12, "id": "n012", "noteId": "n012", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "疏而不失", "headwordSimp": "疏而不失", "pinyin": "shū ér bù shī", "gloss": "雖然稀疏，卻不遺失。", "glossSimp": "虽然稀疏，却不遗失。", "general": "河上公謂雖疏遠司察人善惡無有所失；成玄英謂功過酬報終無差失；唐玄宗謂疏而且遠賞善罰惡不失毫分；李榮謂疏密無遺；陸希聲謂反道敗德者未嘗失之；蘇轍謂雖疏而不失；吳澄謂未嘗失一惡人；憨山謂善惡感應毫髮不遺；魏源謂聖人雖不殺之而天自殺之，校記謂河上作勿失。", "generalSimp": "河上公谓虽疏远司察人善恶无有所失；成玄英谓功过酬报终无差失；唐玄宗谓疏而且远赏善罚恶不失毫分；李荣谓疏密无遗；陆希声谓反道败德者未尝失之；苏辙谓虽疏而不失；吴澄谓未尝失一恶人；憨山谓善恶感应毫发不遗；魏源谓圣人虽不杀之而天自杀之，校记谓河上作勿失。", "variants": [ "勿失" ], "variantsSimp": [ "勿失" ], "refs": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "refsSimp": [ "c010", "c028", "c043", "c044", "c053", "c054", "c061", "c064", "c065", "c068", "c069" ], "forms": [ { "form": "疏而不失", "formSimp": "疏而不失", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 } ], "glossaryEntries": [ { "order": 13, "id": "g001", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "任為第七十三", "headwordSimp": "任为第七十三", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公本章章題全稱。", "glossSimp": "河上公本章章题全称。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "任為第七十三", "formSimp": "任为第七十三", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 14, "id": "g002", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "勇於敢章", "headwordSimp": "勇于敢章", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題。", "glossSimp": "成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於敢章", "formSimp": "勇于敢章", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 15, "id": "g003", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "勇於敢章第七十三", "headwordSimp": "勇于敢章第七十三", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍本章章題全稱。", "glossSimp": "成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙本章章题全称。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於敢章第七十三", "formSimp": "勇于敢章第七十三", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 16, "id": "g004", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "勇於敢", "headwordSimp": "勇于敢", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "敢於逞強有為。", "glossSimp": "敢于逞强有为。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於敢", "formSimp": "勇于敢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 17, "id": "g005", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "勇於不敢", "headwordSimp": "勇于不敢", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "敢於退讓不爭。", "glossSimp": "敢于退让不争。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "勇於不敢", "formSimp": "勇于不敢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 18, "id": "g006", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s001", "headword": "敢", "headwordSimp": "敢", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "果敢、逞強而進。", "glossSimp": "果敢、逞强而进。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "敢", "formSimp": "敢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s001" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s001" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 19, "id": "g007", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "此兩者", "headwordSimp": "此两者", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "指勇於敢與勇於不敢。", "glossSimp": "指勇于敢与勇于不敢。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "此兩者", "formSimp": "此两者", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 20, "id": "g008", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s002", "headword": "或利或害", "headwordSimp": "或利或害", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "有時得利，有時受害。", "glossSimp": "有时得利，有时受害。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "或利或害", "formSimp": "或利或害", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s002" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s002" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 21, "id": "g009", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "天之所惡", "headwordSimp": "天之所恶", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "上天所厭惡的。", "glossSimp": "上天所厌恶的。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天之所惡", "formSimp": "天之所恶", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 22, "id": "g010", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "孰知其故", "headwordSimp": "孰知其故", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "誰能知道其中的緣故。", "glossSimp": "谁能知道其中的缘故。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "孰知其故", "formSimp": "孰知其故", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 23, "id": "g011", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s003", "headword": "猶難之", "headwordSimp": "犹难之", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "尚且以為難而慎重對待。", "glossSimp": "尚且以为难而慎重对待。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "猶難之", "formSimp": "犹难之", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s003" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s003" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 24, "id": "g012", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "天之道", "headwordSimp": "天之道", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "上天運行的法則。", "glossSimp": "上天运行的法则。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天之道", "formSimp": "天之道", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 25, "id": "g013", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "不爭而善勝", "headwordSimp": "不争而善胜", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不爭鬥而善於取勝。", "glossSimp": "不争斗而善于取胜。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不爭而善勝", "formSimp": "不争而善胜", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 26, "id": "g014", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "不言而善應", "headwordSimp": "不言而善应", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不說話而善於回應。", "glossSimp": "不说话而善于回应。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不言而善應", "formSimp": "不言而善应", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 27, "id": "g015", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "不召而自來", "headwordSimp": "不召而自来", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "不召喚而萬物自來。", "glossSimp": "不召唤而万物自来。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "不召而自來", "formSimp": "不召而自来", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 28, "id": "g016", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "繟然", "headwordSimp": "𦈎然", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "舒緩寬大貌；一作「坦然」。", "glossSimp": "舒缓宽大貌；一作「坦然」。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "繟然", "formSimp": "𦈎然", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 29, "id": "g017", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s004", "headword": "善謀", "headwordSimp": "善谋", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "善於謀劃。", "glossSimp": "善于谋划。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "善謀", "formSimp": "善谋", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s004" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s004" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 30, "id": "g018", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "天網恢恢", "headwordSimp": "天网恢恢", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "天網廣大無邊。", "glossSimp": "天网广大无边。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "天網恢恢", "formSimp": "天网恢恢", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 31, "id": "g019", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "s005", "headword": "疏而不失", "headwordSimp": "疏而不失", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "雖然稀疏，卻不遺失。", "glossSimp": "虽然稀疏，却不遗失。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "疏而不失", "formSimp": "疏而不失", "kind": "headword", "count": 1, "sentenceIds": [ "s005" ] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [ "s005" ], "occurrenceCount": 1 }, { "order": 32, "id": "g020", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "剛决", "headwordSimp": "刚决", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "御疏語，剛强决斷。", "glossSimp": "御疏语，刚强决断。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "剛决", "formSimp": "刚决", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 33, "id": "g021", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "强梁", "headwordSimp": "强梁", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "陸希聲語，强橫逞暴。", "glossSimp": "陆希声语，强横逞暴。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "强梁", "formSimp": "强梁", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 34, "id": "g022", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "巽順", "headwordSimp": "巽顺", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "陸希聲語，柔順謙下。", "glossSimp": "陆希声语，柔顺谦下。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "巽順", "formSimp": "巽顺", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 35, "id": "g023", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "烈士", "headwordSimp": "烈士", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "李榮語，重義輕生之士。", "glossSimp": "李荣语，重义轻生之士。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "烈士", "formSimp": "烈士", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 36, "id": "g024", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "怙終", "headwordSimp": "怙终", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "吳澄語，恃惡不悛。", "glossSimp": "吴澄语，恃恶不悛。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "怙終", "formSimp": "怙终", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 37, "id": "g025", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "眚災", "headwordSimp": "眚灾", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "吳澄語，因過失而致災。", "glossSimp": "吴澄语，因过失而致灾。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "眚災", "formSimp": "眚灾", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 38, "id": "g026", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "高明柔克", "headwordSimp": "高明柔克", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "陸希聲引《書》，謂高明者當以柔治之。", "glossSimp": "陆希声引《书》，谓高明者当以柔治之。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "高明柔克", "formSimp": "高明柔克", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 39, "id": "g027", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "帝之則", "headwordSimp": "帝之则", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "呂惠卿語，天帝之法則。", "glossSimp": "吕惠卿语，天帝之法则。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "帝之則", "formSimp": "帝之则", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 40, "id": "g028", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "察察之網", "headwordSimp": "察察之网", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "魏源語，苛細嚴密的法網。", "glossSimp": "魏源语，苛细严密的法网。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "察察之網", "formSimp": "察察之网", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 41, "id": "g029", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "奉天討", "headwordSimp": "奉天讨", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "魏源語，奉行天意討伐有罪。", "glossSimp": "魏源语，奉行天意讨伐有罪。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "奉天討", "formSimp": "奉天讨", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 42, "id": "g030", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "玄德纂疏", "headwordSimp": "玄德纂疏", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "唐道教注疏彙編，存成玄英、唐玄宗、嚴遵、李榮等佚文。", "glossSimp": "唐道教注疏汇编，存成玄英、唐玄宗、严遵、李荣等佚文。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "玄德纂疏", "formSimp": "玄德纂疏", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 43, "id": "g031", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "指歸", "headwordSimp": "指归", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "嚴遵《道德真經指歸》。", "glossSimp": "严遵《道德真经指归》。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "指歸", "formSimp": "指归", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 44, "id": "g032", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "輯文", "headwordSimp": "辑文", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "輯錄佚文。", "glossSimp": "辑录佚文。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "輯文", "formSimp": "辑文", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 45, "id": "g033", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "四部叢刊本", "headwordSimp": "四部丛刊本", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "河上公此章所用底本。", "glossSimp": "河上公此章所用底本。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "四部叢刊本", "formSimp": "四部丛刊本", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 }, { "order": 46, "id": "g034", "noteId": "", "sentenceId": "", "headword": "道藏本", "headwordSimp": "道藏本", "pinyin": "", "gloss": "王弼此章所用底本。", "glossSimp": "王弼此章所用底本。", "general": "", "generalSimp": "", "variants": [], "variantsSimp": [], "refs": [], "refsSimp": [], "forms": [ { "form": "道藏本", "formSimp": "道藏本", "kind": "headword", "count": 0, "sentenceIds": [] } ], "occurrenceSentenceIds": [], "occurrenceCount": 0 } ] }, "relations": { "version": "1.0.0", "note": "第七十三章五句的十二家對照，為德經第三十六章。河上公此章據四部叢刊本《老子道德經》卷下、參《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；王弼據道藏本；成玄英、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵、李榮據《玄德纂疏》卷十九所引；陸希聲、呂惠卿、蘇轍、吳澄據《道藏》本卷四；憨山、魏源據公開轉錄本。王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故均不列。河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。全章五句：首句言勇於敢則殺、勇於不敢則活；次句言兩者或利或害；第三句言天之所惡難知、聖人猶難之；第四句言天道不爭而善勝、不言而善應、不召而自來、繟然而善謀；末句言天網恢恢、疏而不失。河上公逐句質釋，以勇敢有為即殺身、不厭精神者活身，以活身為利、殺身為害，以天惡有為、聖明猶難於勇敢，以天不與人爭貴賤、不言而物應時、不召而物向陽、繟寬善謀、天網疏遠無失為說；王弼以必不得其死、必齊命、俱勇而所施異、聖明猶難於勇敢、天不爭故天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下物歸、垂象設誠為說，末句無注；成玄英分章義為三別，以猛進果决、虚淡長生、天然之理、謙退獲報、影響必應、行業自來、幽冥計過、自然之網無差為說；唐玄宗御注以果敢失謙柔、兩者敢與不敢、勇敢為天所惡、聖人猶難為勇敢、天道謙虚、福善禍淫、不召物而物自來、網羅恢恢賞善罰惡立說，御疏申以靜慎斂身、在勇雖同所施則異、孰誰也故猶意故也、舉聖勵凡、四句廣明謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞罰不失毫分；嚴遵以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀；李榮以烈士之勇、仁義全身、天道好生惡殺、天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺為說；陸希聲以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，引《書》高明柔克、為善降祥為不善降殃，以天以柔弱為德、禁網疏緩而不失為說；呂惠卿以剛强必物者死之徒、柔弱无所必者生之徒、利害或在其反、天之所惡不可知、豫若冬涉川、順帝之則、生物因材、四時行百物生、莫之為而為、盈虚消息、惠吉逆凶如影響為說；蘇轍以敢者或生不敢者或死、天道之遠難知、聖人以常為正、不爭於一時而要終勝、天何言哉、神之格思、繟然舒緩而謀度非人所及、耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全為說；吳澄以用刑力之過人者為勇、怙終故犯與眚災誤犯分殺活、老子則以敢者亦不宜殺、天之所惡深昧難測、聖人不輕殺而天網不漏、天定勝人、坦然平易而巧於報應為說；憨山以天命可畏、敢為必死之地、顏夭蹠壽、殺身成仁、聖人敬畏天威、逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網善惡不遺為說；魏源以老子憫時救世、用勇不可不慎、敢者主殺不敢者主活、天意深遠聖人兢兢、天生萬物猶父母、自趨於死則傾者覆之、聖人誅罰聽諸天、法網愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命代天者專權為說。諸家於「勇」或就血氣言、或就刑政言、或就修養言；於「天之所惡」或指勇敢强梁、或指有為、或指為惡之人；於「繟然」或訓寬、或訓舒緩、或作坦然；於「天網」或指賞罰、或指自然之理、或指冥司，取徑不同。", "concepts": [ { "id": "yong-gan-bu-gan", "name": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "nameTrad": "勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活", "question": "同是「勇」，為何敢則殺、不敢則活？", "questionTrad": "同是「勇」，為何敢則殺、不敢則活？", "intro": "此組聚於首句。河上公以勇敢有為即殺身，勇於不敢則活其身，語最簡質。王弼以必不得其死、必齊命釋之。成玄英以猛進果决、貪於世事則死滅，進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生，將殺活歸於心之進退。唐玄宗御注以果敢從事失於謙柔退讓必害於身，不敢者可以活；御疏以剛决必果、强梁犯上為殺身之道，靜慎斂身知退為活身之道。李榮以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身，內明勇於聲色者殺身、不敢情塵者活己。陸希聲以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，二者俱勇而所施各異。呂惠卿以剛强必於外物者為死之徒、柔弱无所必者為生之徒。蘇轍以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常，世僥倖其或然而忽其常理。吳澄就刑政言，以用刑力之過人者為勇，敢為惡者怙終故犯當殺、不敢為惡者眚災誤犯當活，而老子之意則以敢者亦不宜殺。憨山以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，敢為必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。魏源以敢者常主於必殺、不敢者常主於活人，一利一害分焉而不可不審。諸家或就血氣、或就刑政、或就修養言勇，皆以「敢」為致禍之端、「不敢」為全生之要。", "introTrad": "此組聚於首句。河上公以勇敢有為即殺身，勇於不敢則活其身，語最簡質。王弼以必不得其死、必齊命釋之。成玄英以猛進果决、貪於世事則死滅，進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生，將殺活歸於心之進退。唐玄宗御注以果敢從事失於謙柔退讓必害於身，不敢者可以活；御疏以剛决必果、强梁犯上為殺身之道，靜慎斂身知退為活身之道。李榮以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身，內明勇於聲色者殺身、不敢情塵者活己。陸希聲以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，二者俱勇而所施各異。呂惠卿以剛强必於外物者為死之徒、柔弱无所必者為生之徒。蘇轍以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常，世僥倖其或然而忽其常理。吳澄就刑政言，以用刑力之過人者為勇，敢為惡者怙終故犯當殺、不敢為惡者眚災誤犯當活，而老子之意則以敢者亦不宜殺。憨山以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，敢為必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。魏源以敢者常主於必殺、不敢者常主於活人，一利一害分焉而不可不審。諸家或就血氣、或就刑政、或就修養言勇，皆以「敢」為致禍之端、「不敢」為全生之要。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "勇敢有為則殺身；勇於不敢則活其身。", "thesisTrad": "勇敢有為則殺身；勇於不敢則活其身。", "noteIds": [ "c001", "c002" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "勇敢有为则杀身；勇于不敢则活其身。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "敢則必不得其死，不敢則必齊命。", "thesisTrad": "敢則必不得其死，不敢則必齊命。", "noteIds": [ "c011", "c012" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "敢则必不得其死，不敢则必齐命。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "猛進果决、貪於世事則死滅；進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生。", "thesisTrad": "猛進果决、貪於世事則死滅；進心虚淡、不敢貪染即長生。", "noteIds": [ "c021" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "猛进果决、贪于世事则死灭；进心虚淡、不敢贪染即长生。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "果敢失謙柔退讓則害身，不敢者可以活。", "thesisTrad": "果敢失謙柔退讓則害身，不敢者可以活。", "noteIds": [ "c029", "c030" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "果敢失谦柔退让则害身，不敢者可以活。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "烈士之勇貪利喪身，仁義全身；勇於聲色者殺身，不敢情塵者活己。", "thesisTrad": "烈士之勇貪利喪身，仁義全身；勇於聲色者殺身，不敢情塵者活己。", "noteIds": [ "c046" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "烈士之勇贪利丧身，仁义全身；勇于声色者杀身，不敢情尘者活己。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "勇於果敢，殺之道；勇於不果敢，生之道。", "thesisTrad": "勇於果敢，殺之道；勇於不果敢，生之道。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "勇于果敢，杀之道；勇于不果敢，生之道。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "剛强必於外物者死之徒；柔弱无所必者生之徒。", "thesisTrad": "剛强必於外物者死之徒；柔弱无所必者生之徒。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "刚强必于外物者死之徒；柔弱无所必者生之徒。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常。", "thesisTrad": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "敢為惡者怙終當殺，不敢為惡者眚災當活；老子則以敢者亦不宜殺。", "thesisTrad": "敢為惡者怙終當殺，不敢為惡者眚災當活；老子則以敢者亦不宜殺。", "noteIds": [ "c062" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "敢为恶者怙终当杀，不敢为恶者眚灾当活；老子则以敢者亦不宜杀。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "敢為必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。", "thesisTrad": "敢為必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "敢为必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "敢者常主於必殺，不敢者常主於活人，一利一害分焉。", "thesisTrad": "敢者常主於必殺，不敢者常主於活人，一利一害分焉。", "noteIds": [ "c066" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "敢者常主于必杀，不敢者常主于活人，一利一害分焉。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c001", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以勇敢有為即殺身。", "textTrad": "河上公以勇敢有為即殺身。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以勇敢有为即杀身。" }, { "noteId": "c002", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "河上公以勇於不敢則活其身。", "textTrad": "河上公以勇於不敢則活其身。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "河上公以勇于不敢则活其身。" }, { "noteId": "c011", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以敢則必不得其死釋殺。", "textTrad": "王弼以敢則必不得其死釋殺。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以敢则必不得其死释杀。" }, { "noteId": "c021", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以進心果决則死滅、進心虚淡即長生釋殺活。", "textTrad": "成玄英以進心果决則死滅、進心虚淡即長生釋殺活。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以进心果决则死灭、进心虚淡即长生释杀活。" }, { "noteId": "c029", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以果敢失謙柔則害身、不敢者可以活。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以果敢失謙柔則害身、不敢者可以活。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以果敢失谦柔则害身、不敢者可以活。" }, { "noteId": "c030", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以强梁犯上為殺身之道、靜慎斂身知退為活身之道。", "textTrad": "御疏以强梁犯上為殺身之道、靜慎斂身知退為活身之道。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以强梁犯上为杀身之道、静慎敛身知退为活身之道。" }, { "noteId": "c046", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以烈士貪利喪身、仁義全身，勇於聲色者殺身。", "textTrad": "李榮以烈士貪利喪身、仁義全身，勇於聲色者殺身。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以烈士贪利丧身、仁义全身，勇于声色者杀身。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以剛强必物者死之徒、柔弱无所必者生之徒。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以剛强必物者死之徒、柔弱无所必者生之徒。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以刚强必物者死之徒、柔弱无所必者生之徒。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以敢者或生、不敢者或死，然此物理之大常。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以敢者或生、不敢者或死，然此物理之大常。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以敢者或生、不敢者或死，然此物理之大常。" }, { "noteId": "c062", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以怙終故犯當殺、眚災誤犯當活，老子則以敢者亦不宜殺。", "textTrad": "吳澄以怙終故犯當殺、眚災誤犯當活，老子則以敢者亦不宜殺。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以怙终故犯当杀、眚灾误犯当活，老子则以敢者亦不宜杀。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生。", "textTrad": "憨山以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以敢为必死之地、不敢足以保身全生。" }, { "noteId": "c066", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以敢者主殺、不敢者主活，一利一害不可不審。", "textTrad": "魏源以敢者主殺、不敢者主活，一利一害不可不審。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以敢者主杀、不敢者主活，一利一害不可不审。" } ], "nameSimp": "勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活", "questionSimp": "同是「勇」，为何敢则杀、不敢则活？", "introSimp": "此组聚于首句。河上公以勇敢有为即杀身，勇于不敢则活其身，语最简质。王弼以必不得其死、必齐命释之。成玄英以猛进果决、贪于世事则死灭，进心虚淡、不敢贪染即长生，将杀活归于心之进退。唐玄宗御注以果敢从事失于谦柔退让必害于身，不敢者可以活；御疏以刚决必果、强梁犯上为杀身之道，静慎敛身知退为活身之道。李荣以烈士之勇贪利丧身、仁义全身，内明勇于声色者杀身、不敢情尘者活己。陆希声以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道，二者俱勇而所施各异。吕惠卿以刚强必于外物者为死之徒、柔弱无所必者为生之徒。苏辙以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，然此物理之大常，世侥幸其或然而忽其常理。吴澄就刑政言，以用刑力之过人者为勇，敢为恶者怙终故犯当杀、不敢为恶者眚灾误犯当活，而老子之意则以敢者亦不宜杀。憨山以决定之志为勇、不计利害而决于为为敢，敢为必死之地，不敢足以保身全生。魏源以敢者常主于必杀、不敢者常主于活人，一利一害分焉而不可不审。诸家或就血气、或就刑政、或就修养言勇，皆以「敢」为致祸之端、「不敢」为全生之要。" }, { "id": "liang-zhe-li-hai", "name": "此兩者，或利或害", "nameTrad": "此兩者，或利或害", "question": "「兩者」指什麼？利害為何相反？", "questionTrad": "「兩者」指什麼？利害為何相反？", "intro": "此組聚於次句。河上公以兩者指敢與不敢，活身為利、殺身為害。王弼以俱勇而所施者異、利害不同釋之。成玄英以或為不定、兩謂敢與不敢，進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害。唐玄宗御注以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害；御疏以在勇雖同所施則異。李榮徑以殺活釋利害。陸希聲以俱勇而所施各異、敢則害物之命不敢則利物之生。呂惠卿以敢者以為利而害在其中、不敢者以為害而利在其中。蘇轍以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世人僥倖其或然而忽其常理。吳澄以一利一害分屬活與殺，而老子之意則以敢者亦不宜殺。憨山以二者亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，提出顏夭蹠壽之疑。魏源以其用勇則同而一利一害分焉。諸家皆就「敢與不敢」立說，而於利害之歸或就身之死生言、或就心之染淨言、或就刑之當否言。", "introTrad": "此組聚於次句。河上公以兩者指敢與不敢，活身為利、殺身為害。王弼以俱勇而所施者異、利害不同釋之。成玄英以或為不定、兩謂敢與不敢，進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害。唐玄宗御注以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害；御疏以在勇雖同所施則異。李榮徑以殺活釋利害。陸希聲以俱勇而所施各異、敢則害物之命不敢則利物之生。呂惠卿以敢者以為利而害在其中、不敢者以為害而利在其中。蘇轍以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世人僥倖其或然而忽其常理。吳澄以一利一害分屬活與殺，而老子之意則以敢者亦不宜殺。憨山以二者亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，提出顏夭蹠壽之疑。魏源以其用勇則同而一利一害分焉。諸家皆就「敢與不敢」立說，而於利害之歸或就身之死生言、或就心之染淨言、或就刑之當否言。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "兩者謂敢與不敢；活身為利，殺身為害。", "thesisTrad": "兩者謂敢與不敢；活身為利，殺身為害。", "noteIds": [ "c003" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "两者谓敢与不敢；活身为利，杀身为害。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "俱勇而所施者異，利害不同。", "thesisTrad": "俱勇而所施者異，利害不同。", "noteIds": [ "c013" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "俱勇而所施者异，利害不同。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "進心不敢得長生故利；進身貪染歸死滅故害。", "thesisTrad": "進心不敢得長生故利；進身貪染歸死滅故害。", "noteIds": [ "c022" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "进心不敢得长生故利；进身贪染归死灭故害。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "兩者敢與不敢；能知不敢者有利，敢者有害。", "thesisTrad": "兩者敢與不敢；能知不敢者有利，敢者有害。", "noteIds": [ "c031", "c032" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "两者敢与不敢；能知不敢者有利，敢者有害。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "兩者即殺與活。", "thesisTrad": "兩者即殺與活。", "noteIds": [ "c047" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "两者即杀与活。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "俱勇而所施各異：敢則害物之命，不敢則利物之生。", "thesisTrad": "俱勇而所施各異：敢則害物之命，不敢則利物之生。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "俱勇而所施各异：敢则害物之命，不敢则利物之生。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "敢者以為利而害在其中；不敢者以為害而利在其中。", "thesisTrad": "敢者以為利而害在其中；不敢者以為害而利在其中。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "敢者以为利而害在其中；不敢者以为害而利在其中。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世僥倖其或然而忽其常理。", "thesisTrad": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世僥倖其或然而忽其常理。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世侥幸其或然而忽其常理。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "利謂勇於不敢而活之者為宜，害謂勇於敢而殺之者恐或誤殺。", "thesisTrad": "利謂勇於不敢而活之者為宜，害謂勇於敢而殺之者恐或誤殺。", "noteIds": [ "c062" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "利谓勇于不敢而活之者为宜，害谓勇于敢而杀之者恐或误杀。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，顏夭蹠壽即是其例。", "thesisTrad": "亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，顏夭蹠壽即是其例。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，颜夭跖寿即是其例。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "其用勇則同，而一利一害分焉。", "thesisTrad": "其用勇則同，而一利一害分焉。", "noteIds": [ "c066" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "其用勇则同，而一利一害分焉。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c003", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以兩者指敢與不敢，活身為利、殺身為害。", "textTrad": "河上公以兩者指敢與不敢，活身為利、殺身為害。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以两者指敢与不敢，活身为利、杀身为害。" }, { "noteId": "c013", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以俱勇而所施者異釋利害不同。", "textTrad": "王弼以俱勇而所施者異釋利害不同。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以俱勇而所施者异释利害不同。" }, { "noteId": "c022", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以得長生故利、歸死滅故害釋之。", "textTrad": "成玄英以得長生故利、歸死滅故害釋之。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以得长生故利、归死灭故害释之。" }, { "noteId": "c031", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以兩者敢與不敢、知不敢者有利。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以兩者敢與不敢、知不敢者有利。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以两者敢与不敢、知不敢者有利。" }, { "noteId": "c032", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以在勇雖同所施則異釋或利或害。", "textTrad": "御疏以在勇雖同所施則異釋或利或害。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以在勇虽同所施则异释或利或害。" }, { "noteId": "c047", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以殺活釋兩者。", "textTrad": "李榮以殺活釋兩者。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以杀活释两者。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以敢害物命、不敢利物生釋所施各異。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以敢害物命、不敢利物生釋所施各異。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以敢害物命、不敢利物生释所施各异。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以利害互藏其中釋或利或害。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以利害互藏其中釋或利或害。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以利害互藏其中释或利或害。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以敢者或生、不敢者或死為物理之常。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以敢者或生、不敢者或死為物理之常。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以敢者或生、不敢者或死为物理之常。" }, { "noteId": "c062", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以活之為宜、殺之恐誤分利與害。", "textTrad": "吳澄以活之為宜、殺之恐誤分利與害。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以活之为宜、杀之恐误分利与害。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以顏夭蹠壽質疑敢生不敢死之說。", "textTrad": "憨山以顏夭蹠壽質疑敢生不敢死之說。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以颜夭跖寿质疑敢生不敢死之说。" }, { "noteId": "c066", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以用勇則同而一利一害分焉。", "textTrad": "魏源以用勇則同而一利一害分焉。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以用勇则同而一利一害分焉。" } ], "nameSimp": "此两者，或利或害", "questionSimp": "「两者」指什么？利害为何相反？", "introSimp": "此组聚于次句。河上公以两者指敢与不敢，活身为利、杀身为害。王弼以俱勇而所施者异、利害不同释之。成玄英以或为不定、两谓敢与不敢，进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害。唐玄宗御注以两者敢与不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害；御疏以在勇虽同所施则异。李荣径以杀活释利害。陆希声以俱勇而所施各异、敢则害物之命不敢则利物之生。吕惠卿以敢者以为利而害在其中、不敢者以为害而利在其中。苏辙以敢者或以得生、不敢者或以得死，世人侥幸其或然而忽其常理。吴澄以一利一害分属活与杀，而老子之意则以敢者亦不宜杀。憨山以二者亦有敢而生、不敢而死者，提出颜夭跖寿之疑。魏源以其用勇则同而一利一害分焉。诸家皆就「敢与不敢」立说，而于利害之归或就身之死生言、或就心之染净言、或就刑之当否言。" }, { "id": "tian-zhi-suo-wu", "name": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之", "nameTrad": "天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之", "question": "天所惡者是什麼？為何聖人猶以為難？", "questionTrad": "天所惡者是什麼？為何聖人猶以為難？", "intro": "此組聚於第三句。河上公以天所惡者有為，誰能知天意之故而不犯，聖人之明德猶難於勇敢。王弼以孰誰也、誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之，聖明猶難於勇敢。成玄英以天然之理福善禍淫，推窮報應莫知其宰。唐玄宗御注以勇敢動有害乃天所惡、聖人猶難為勇敢之事；御疏以孰誰也故猶意故也，代俗之人誰能知其意故，舉聖以勵凡。李榮以天道好生惡殺，人不識天意。陸希聲以天所惡在勇敢强梁，當以巽順柔弱為用。呂惠卿以天所惡非可以知知識識，故聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰，不識不知乃所以順帝之則。蘇轍以天道之遠，孰知其好惡所從來，故聖人猶以常為正而難之。吳澄以天所惡深昧難測，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之。憨山以顏夭蹠壽為天道所以然之妙，非世人所易知，故聖人敬畏天威。魏源以敢殺者自以為順天所惡，然天意深遠，聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。諸家皆以「天意難知」為「猶難」之由，而於天所惡者或指有為、或指勇敢强梁、或指為惡之人。", "introTrad": "此組聚於第三句。河上公以天所惡者有為，誰能知天意之故而不犯，聖人之明德猶難於勇敢。王弼以孰誰也、誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之，聖明猶難於勇敢。成玄英以天然之理福善禍淫，推窮報應莫知其宰。唐玄宗御注以勇敢動有害乃天所惡、聖人猶難為勇敢之事；御疏以孰誰也故猶意故也，代俗之人誰能知其意故，舉聖以勵凡。李榮以天道好生惡殺，人不識天意。陸希聲以天所惡在勇敢强梁，當以巽順柔弱為用。呂惠卿以天所惡非可以知知識識，故聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰，不識不知乃所以順帝之則。蘇轍以天道之遠，孰知其好惡所從來，故聖人猶以常為正而難之。吳澄以天所惡深昧難測，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之。憨山以顏夭蹠壽為天道所以然之妙，非世人所易知，故聖人敬畏天威。魏源以敢殺者自以為順天所惡，然天意深遠，聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。諸家皆以「天意難知」為「猶難」之由，而於天所惡者或指有為、或指勇敢强梁、或指為惡之人。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天所惡者有為；聖人之明德猶難於勇敢。", "thesisTrad": "天所惡者有為；聖人之明德猶難於勇敢。", "noteIds": [ "c004", "c005" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天所恶者有为；圣人之明德犹难于勇敢。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之；聖明猶難於勇敢。", "thesisTrad": "誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之；聖明猶難於勇敢。", "noteIds": [ "c014" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之；圣明犹难于勇敢。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "天然之理福善禍淫，推窮報應莫知其宰。", "thesisTrad": "天然之理福善禍淫，推窮報應莫知其宰。", "noteIds": [ "c023" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "天然之理福善祸淫，推穷报应莫知其宰。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "勇敢動有災害乃天所惡；聖人猶難為勇敢之事。", "thesisTrad": "勇敢動有災害乃天所惡；聖人猶難為勇敢之事。", "noteIds": [ "c031", "c033", "c034", "c035" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "勇敢动有灾害乃天所恶；圣人犹难为勇敢之事。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天道好生惡殺，人多不能就利遣害，是不識天意。", "thesisTrad": "天道好生惡殺，人多不能就利遣害，是不識天意。", "noteIds": [ "c048" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天道好生恶杀，人多不能就利遣害，是不识天意。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "天所惡在勇敢强梁，當以巽順柔弱為用。", "thesisTrad": "天所惡在勇敢强梁，當以巽順柔弱為用。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "天所恶在勇敢强梁，当以巽顺柔弱为用。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "天所惡非可以知知識識，不識不知乃順帝之則。", "thesisTrad": "天所惡非可以知知識識，不識不知乃順帝之則。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "天所恶非可以知知识识，不识不知乃顺帝之则。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天道之遠，世人不免僥倖；聖人猶以常為正而難之。", "thesisTrad": "天道之遠，世人不免僥倖；聖人猶以常為正而難之。", "noteIds": [ "c056" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天道之远，世人不免侥幸；圣人犹以常为正而难之。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天之所惡深昧難測，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之。", "thesisTrad": "天之所惡深昧難測，聖人猶有難之之意而不敢輕易殺之。", "noteIds": [ "c063" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天之所恶深昧难测，圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "天道所以然之妙非世人所易知，故聖人敬畏天威。", "thesisTrad": "天道所以然之妙非世人所易知，故聖人敬畏天威。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "天道所以然之妙非世人所易知，故圣人敬畏天威。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "敢殺者自以為順天，然天意深遠，聖人兢兢不敢輕易。", "thesisTrad": "敢殺者自以為順天，然天意深遠，聖人兢兢不敢輕易。", "noteIds": [ "c067" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "敢杀者自以为顺天，然天意深远，圣人兢兢不敢轻易。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c004", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以天所惡者有為，誰能知天意之故而不犯。", "textTrad": "河上公以天所惡者有為，誰能知天意之故而不犯。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以天所恶者有为，谁能知天意之故而不犯。" }, { "noteId": "c005", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "河上公以聖人明德猶難於勇敢。", "textTrad": "河上公以聖人明德猶難於勇敢。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "河上公以圣人明德犹难于勇敢。" }, { "noteId": "c014", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以誰能知天下之所惡意唯聖人能之。", "textTrad": "王弼以誰能知天下之所惡意唯聖人能之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以谁能知天下之所恶意唯圣人能之。" }, { "noteId": "c023", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋之。", "textTrad": "成玄英以福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋之。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰释之。" }, { "noteId": "c033", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以孰誰也、故猶意故也釋天之所惡。", "textTrad": "御疏以孰誰也、故猶意故也釋天之所惡。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以孰谁也、故犹意故也释天之所恶。" }, { "noteId": "c035", "relation": "御疏", "relationTrad": "御疏", "text": "御疏以舉聖勵凡、凡人欲為勇敢焉得無害申之。", "textTrad": "御疏以舉聖勵凡、凡人欲為勇敢焉得無害申之。", "relationSimp": "御疏", "textSimp": "御疏以举圣励凡、凡人欲为勇敢焉得无害申之。" }, { "noteId": "c048", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以不識天意釋天之所惡難知。", "textTrad": "李榮以不識天意釋天之所惡難知。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以不识天意释天之所恶难知。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以天惡勇敢强梁、當以巽順柔弱為用。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以天惡勇敢强梁、當以巽順柔弱為用。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以天恶勇敢强梁、当以巽顺柔弱为用。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以天所惡不可知、不識不知乃順帝之則。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以天所惡不可知、不識不知乃順帝之則。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以天所恶不可知、不识不知乃顺帝之则。" }, { "noteId": "c056", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以天道之遠難知、聖人猶以常為正而難之。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以天道之遠難知、聖人猶以常為正而難之。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以天道之远难知、圣人犹以常为正而难之。" }, { "noteId": "c063", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以天所惡深昧難測、聖人不敢輕易殺之。", "textTrad": "吳澄以天所惡深昧難測、聖人不敢輕易殺之。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以天所恶深昧难测、圣人不敢轻易杀之。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以顏夭蹠壽為天道之妙、聖人敬畏天威。", "textTrad": "憨山以顏夭蹠壽為天道之妙、聖人敬畏天威。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以颜夭跖寿为天道之妙、圣人敬畏天威。" }, { "noteId": "c067", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以天意深遠、聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。", "textTrad": "魏源以天意深遠、聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以天意深远、圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易。" } ], "nameSimp": "天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之", "questionSimp": "天所恶者是什么？为何圣人犹以为难？", "introSimp": "此组聚于第三句。河上公以天所恶者有为，谁能知天意之故而不犯，圣人之明德犹难于勇敢。王弼以孰谁也、谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之，圣明犹难于勇敢。成玄英以天然之理福善祸淫，推穷报应莫知其宰。唐玄宗御注以勇敢动有害乃天所恶、圣人犹难为勇敢之事；御疏以孰谁也故犹意故也，代俗之人谁能知其意故，举圣以励凡。李荣以天道好生恶杀，人不识天意。陆希声以天所恶在勇敢强梁，当以巽顺柔弱为用。吕惠卿以天所恶非可以知知识识，故圣人豫若冬涉川、犹若畏四邻，不识不知乃所以顺帝之则。苏辙以天道之远，孰知其好恶所从来，故圣人犹以常为正而难之。吴澄以天所恶深昧难测，圣人犹有难之之意而不敢轻易杀之。憨山以颜夭跖寿为天道所以然之妙，非世人所易知，故圣人敬畏天威。魏源以敢杀者自以为顺天所恶，然天意深远，圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易。诸家皆以「天意难知」为「犹难」之由，而于天所恶者或指有为、或指勇敢强梁、或指为恶之人。" }, { "id": "tian-dao-tian-wang", "name": "天之道……繟然而善謀；天網恢恢，疏而不失", "nameTrad": "天之道……繟然而善謀；天網恢恢，疏而不失", "question": "天道如何「不爭而善勝」？「天網恢恢，疏而不失」該如何理解？", "questionTrad": "天道如何「不爭而善勝」？「天網恢恢，疏而不失」該如何理解？", "intro": "此組聚於第四、五句。河上公以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失，語最簡質。王弼以天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠為說，末句無注。成玄英以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過毫分無失、自然之網疏遠而功過無差。唐玄宗御注以天道謙虚、天不與物爭四時盈虚物無違者、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來順天、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失；御疏以四句廣明謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞善罰惡不失毫分申之。嚴遵以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。李榮以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺。陸希聲以天不與萬物爭而萬物自伏、不與百姓言而百姓自信、不與四時期而四時自至、垂象見吉凶福善禍淫不差毫髮、禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。呂惠卿以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，四時行百物生為不言善應，莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。蘇轍以不與物爭於一時要於終勝、天何言哉四時行百物生、神之格思不可度思、繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及、世人以耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全故疑天網疏而多失。吳澄以天定自能勝人、應如響應聲、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應、天網恢恢似疏而不密而未嘗失一惡人。憨山以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。魏源以天之生萬物猶父母生眾子、自趨於死則傾者覆之、恢恢疏闊自無漏網、聖人誅罰一聽諸天、法網愈密則不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命而代天者專權。諸家於「善勝」「善應」或就四時生成言、或就賞罰報應言；於「繟然」或訓寬、或訓舒緩、或作坦然；於「天網」或指天道賞罰、或指自然之理、或指冥司，取徑不同。", "introTrad": "此組聚於第四、五句。河上公以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失，語最簡質。王弼以天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠為說，末句無注。成玄英以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過毫分無失、自然之網疏遠而功過無差。唐玄宗御注以天道謙虚、天不與物爭四時盈虚物無違者、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來順天、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失；御疏以四句廣明謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞善罰惡不失毫分申之。嚴遵以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。李榮以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺。陸希聲以天不與萬物爭而萬物自伏、不與百姓言而百姓自信、不與四時期而四時自至、垂象見吉凶福善禍淫不差毫髮、禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。呂惠卿以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，四時行百物生為不言善應，莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。蘇轍以不與物爭於一時要於終勝、天何言哉四時行百物生、神之格思不可度思、繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及、世人以耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全故疑天網疏而多失。吳澄以天定自能勝人、應如響應聲、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應、天網恢恢似疏而不密而未嘗失一惡人。憨山以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。魏源以天之生萬物猶父母生眾子、自趨於死則傾者覆之、恢恢疏闊自無漏網、聖人誅罰一聽諸天、法網愈密則不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命而代天者專權。諸家於「善勝」「善應」或就四時生成言、或就賞罰報應言；於「繟然」或訓寬、或訓舒緩、或作坦然；於「天網」或指天道賞罰、或指自然之理、或指冥司，取徑不同。", "positions": { "heshanggong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之；不召而萬物向陽；繟寬善謀；天網疏遠而無失。", "thesisTrad": "天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之；不召而萬物向陽；繟寬善謀；天網疏遠而無失。", "noteIds": [ "c006", "c007", "c008", "c009", "c010" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天不与人争贵贱而人畏之；不召而万物向阳；𦈎宽善谋；天网疏远而无失。" }, "wangbi": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭；順吉逆凶；處下物歸；垂象設誠。", "thesisTrad": "天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭；順吉逆凶；處下物歸；垂象設誠。", "noteIds": [ "c015", "c016", "c017", "c018" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天虽不争故天下莫能与之争；顺吉逆凶；处下物归；垂象设诚。" }, "chengxuanying": { "workType": "疏", "workTypeTrad": "疏", "thesis": "謙退卑己必獲勝善之報；禍福如影響；幽冥計過；自然之網無差。", "thesisTrad": "謙退卑己必獲勝善之報；禍福如影響；幽冥計過；自然之網無差。", "noteIds": [ "c024", "c025", "c026", "c027", "c028" ], "workTypeSimp": "疏", "thesisSimp": "谦退卑己必获胜善之报；祸福如影响；幽冥计过；自然之网无差。" }, "tangxuanzong": { "workType": "御注", "workTypeTrad": "御注", "thesis": "天道謙虚，不與物爭，福善禍淫，不召物而物自來，網羅恢恢分毫不失。", "thesisTrad": "天道謙虚，不與物爭，福善禍淫，不召物而物自來，網羅恢恢分毫不失。", "noteIds": [ "c036", "c037", "c038", "c039", "c040", "c041", "c042", "c043", "c044" ], "workTypeSimp": "御注", "thesisSimp": "天道谦虚，不与物争，福善祸淫，不召物而物自来，网罗恢恢分毫不失。" }, "yanzun": { "workType": "輯文", "workTypeTrad": "輯文", "thesis": "寂然蕩蕩，無所不圖。", "thesisTrad": "寂然蕩蕩，無所不圖。", "noteIds": [ "c045" ], "workTypeSimp": "辑文", "thesisSimp": "寂然荡荡，无所不图。" }, "lirong": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天道無心與物不競；報應如影響；寒往暑來非召；太虚為網疏密無遺。", "thesisTrad": "天道無心與物不競；報應如影響；寒往暑來非召；太虚為網疏密無遺。", "noteIds": [ "c049", "c050", "c051", "c052", "c053" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天道无心与物不竞；报应如影响；寒往暑来非召；太虚为网疏密无遗。" }, "luxisheng": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至；禁網疏緩而未嘗失。", "thesisTrad": "不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至；禁網疏緩而未嘗失。", "noteIds": [ "c054" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "不争而物伏、不言而民信、不期而时至；禁网疏缓而未尝失。" }, "lvhuiqing": { "workType": "傳", "workTypeTrad": "傳", "thesis": "生物因材為不爭善勝；惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。", "thesisTrad": "生物因材為不爭善勝；惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。", "noteIds": [ "c055" ], "workTypeSimp": "传", "thesisSimp": "生物因材为不争善胜；惠吉逆凶如影响为天网疏而不失。" }, "suzhe": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "不爭於一時而要終勝；繟然舒緩而謀度非人所及；天網恢恢廣大。", "thesisTrad": "不爭於一時而要終勝；繟然舒緩而謀度非人所及；天網恢恢廣大。", "noteIds": [ "c057", "c058", "c059", "c060", "c061" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "不争于一时而要终胜；𦈎然舒缓而谋度非人所及；天网恢恢广大。" }, "wucheng": { "workType": "注", "workTypeTrad": "注", "thesis": "天定自能勝人，報應不待召，坦然平易而巧於報應，未嘗失一惡人。", "thesisTrad": "天定自能勝人，報應不待召，坦然平易而巧於報應，未嘗失一惡人。", "noteIds": [ "c064" ], "workTypeSimp": "注", "thesisSimp": "天定自能胜人，报应不待召，坦然平易而巧于报应，未尝失一恶人。" }, "hanshan": { "workType": "解", "workTypeTrad": "解", "thesis": "逆天者亡故不爭善勝；報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀；天道如網善惡不遺。", "thesisTrad": "逆天者亡故不爭善勝；報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀；天道如網善惡不遺。", "noteIds": [ "c065" ], "workTypeSimp": "解", "thesisSimp": "逆天者亡故不争善胜；报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋；天道如网善恶不遗。" }, "weiyuan": { "workType": "本義", "workTypeTrad": "本義", "thesis": "天生萬物猶父母，自趨於死則傾者覆之；聖人誅罰聽諸天，代天者專權則法網愈密。", "thesisTrad": "天生萬物猶父母，自趨於死則傾者覆之；聖人誅罰聽諸天，代天者專權則法網愈密。", "noteIds": [ "c068", "c069" ], "workTypeSimp": "本义", "thesisSimp": "天生万物犹父母，自趋于死则倾者覆之；圣人诛罚听诸天，代天者专权则法网愈密。" } }, "chain": [ { "noteId": "c006", "relation": "立論", "relationTrad": "立論", "text": "河上公以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之釋不爭善勝。", "textTrad": "河上公以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之釋不爭善勝。", "relationSimp": "立论", "textSimp": "河上公以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之释不争善胜。" }, { "noteId": "c009", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "河上公訓繟為寬，謂天道寬博而善謀慮。", "textTrad": "河上公訓繟為寬，謂天道寬博而善謀慮。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "河上公训𦈎为宽，谓天道宽博而善谋虑。" }, { "noteId": "c010", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "河上公謂天網甚大，雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。", "textTrad": "河上公謂天網甚大，雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "河上公谓天网甚大，虽疏远而司察善恶无失。" }, { "noteId": "c015", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭。", "textTrad": "王弼以天雖不爭故天下莫能與之爭。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以天虽不争故天下莫能与之争。" }, { "noteId": "c018", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "王弼以垂象見吉凶、先事設誠釋繟然善謀；末句無注。", "textTrad": "王弼以垂象見吉凶、先事設誠釋繟然善謀；末句無注。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "王弼以垂象见吉凶、先事设诚释𦈎然善谋；末句无注。" }, { "noteId": "c024", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報。", "textTrad": "成玄英以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以谦退卑己必获胜善之报。" }, { "noteId": "c028", "relation": "疏", "relationTrad": "疏", "text": "成玄英以自然之網寬大疏遠而功過酬報無差釋天網。", "textTrad": "成玄英以自然之網寬大疏遠而功過酬報無差釋天網。", "relationSimp": "疏", "textSimp": "成玄英以自然之网宽大疏远而功过酬报无差释天网。" }, { "noteId": "c036", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以天道謙虚、不與物爭、四時盈虚物無違者釋善勝。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以天道謙虚、不與物爭、四時盈虚物無違者釋善勝。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以天道谦虚、不与物争、四时盈虚物无违者释善胜。" }, { "noteId": "c043", "relation": "御注", "relationTrad": "御注", "text": "唐玄宗以網羅恢恢、刑淫賞善分毫不失釋天網。", "textTrad": "唐玄宗以網羅恢恢、刑淫賞善分毫不失釋天網。", "relationSimp": "御注", "textSimp": "唐玄宗以网罗恢恢、刑淫赏善分毫不失释天网。" }, { "noteId": "c045", "relation": "輯文", "relationTrad": "輯文", "text": "嚴遵以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。", "textTrad": "嚴遵以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。", "relationSimp": "辑文", "textSimp": "严遵以寂然荡荡、无所不图释𦈎然善谋。" }, { "noteId": "c049", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以天道無心、與物不競、自然尊貴而居物先。", "textTrad": "李榮以天道無心、與物不競、自然尊貴而居物先。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以天道无心、与物不竞、自然尊贵而居物先。" }, { "noteId": "c053", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "李榮以太虚為網、既寬且大、疏密無遺釋天網。", "textTrad": "李榮以太虚為網、既寬且大、疏密無遺釋天網。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "李荣以太虚为网、既宽且大、疏密无遗释天网。" }, { "noteId": "c054", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "陸希聲以不爭物伏、不言民信、不禁時至、禁網疏緩而未嘗失。", "textTrad": "陸希聲以不爭物伏、不言民信、不禁時至、禁網疏緩而未嘗失。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "陆希声以不争物伏、不言民信、不禁时至、禁网疏缓而未尝失。" }, { "noteId": "c055", "relation": "傳", "relationTrad": "傳", "text": "呂惠卿以生物因材為善勝、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網。", "textTrad": "呂惠卿以生物因材為善勝、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網。", "relationSimp": "传", "textSimp": "吕惠卿以生物因材为善胜、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网。" }, { "noteId": "c060", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以繟然舒緩、若無所營而謀度非人所及。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以繟然舒緩、若無所營而謀度非人所及。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以𦈎然舒缓、若无所营而谋度非人所及。" }, { "noteId": "c061", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "蘇轍以耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全，故疑天網疏而多失。", "textTrad": "蘇轍以耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全，故疑天網疏而多失。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "苏辙以耳目观天见一曲不睹大全，故疑天网疏而多失。" }, { "noteId": "c064", "relation": "注", "relationTrad": "注", "text": "吳澄以天定勝人、報應不待召、未嘗失一惡人。", "textTrad": "吳澄以天定勝人、報應不待召、未嘗失一惡人。", "relationSimp": "注", "textSimp": "吴澄以天定胜人、报应不待召、未尝失一恶人。" }, { "noteId": "c065", "relation": "解", "relationTrad": "解", "text": "憨山以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、天道如網善惡不遺。", "textTrad": "憨山以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、天道如網善惡不遺。", "relationSimp": "解", "textSimp": "憨山以逆天者亡故不争善胜、天道如网善恶不遗。" }, { "noteId": "c068", "relation": "本義", "relationTrad": "本義", "text": "魏源以天生萬物猶父母、聖人誅罰聽諸天。", "textTrad": "魏源以天生萬物猶父母、聖人誅罰聽諸天。", "relationSimp": "本义", "textSimp": "魏源以天生万物犹父母、圣人诛罚听诸天。" }, { "noteId": "c069", "relation": "按語", "relationTrad": "按語", "text": "魏源校記出繟、墠、坦、默及勿失諸異文。", "textTrad": "魏源校記出繟、墠、坦、默及勿失諸異文。", "relationSimp": "按语", "textSimp": "魏源校记出𦈎、𫮃、坦、默及勿失诸异文。" } ], "nameSimp": "天之道……𦈎然而善谋；天网恢恢，疏而不失", "questionSimp": "天道如何「不争而善胜」？「天网恢恢，疏而不失」该如何理解？", "introSimp": "此组聚于第四、五句。河上公以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之、天不言而万物应时、天不呼召而万物负阴向阳、𦈎宽而善谋、天网虽疏远而司察善恶无失，语最简质。王弼以天虽不争故天下莫能与之争、顺吉逆凶、处下则物自归、垂象见吉凶先事设诚为说，末句无注。成玄英以谦退卑己必获胜善之报、祸福如影响、行业不待呼召、幽冥计算功过毫分无失、自然之网疏远而功过无差。唐玄宗御注以天道谦虚、天不与物争四时盈虚物无违者、福善祸淫曾无差忒、不召物而物自来顺天、网罗恢恢刑淫赏善分毫不失；御疏以四句广明谦虚、负阴抱阳春生夏长、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、赏善罚恶不失毫分申之。严遵以寂然荡荡、无所不图释𦈎然善谋。李荣以天道无心与物不竞、报应如影响、寒往暑来非召、大道甚夷赏罚无差、太虚为网疏密无遗。陆希声以天不与万物争而万物自伏、不与百姓言而百姓自信、不与四时期而四时自至、垂象见吉凶福善祸淫不差毫发、禁网疏缓而反道败德者未尝失之。吕惠卿以生物因材、栽者培之倾者覆之为不争善胜，四时行百物生为不言善应，莫之为而为、莫之致而至为不召自来，盈虚消息为坦然而善谋，天聪明自我民聪明、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网疏而不失。苏辙以不与物争于一时要于终胜、天何言哉四时行百物生、神之格思不可度思、𦈎然舒缓若无所营而谋度非人所及、世人以耳目观天见一曲不睹大全故疑天网疏而多失。吴澄以天定自能胜人、应如响应声、报应不待召、坦然平易而巧于报应、天网恢恢似疏而不密而未尝失一恶人。憨山以逆天者亡故不争善胜、感应冥符故不言善应、吉凶祸福如影响故不召自来、报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋、天道如网四张善恶毫发不遗。魏源以天之生万物犹父母生众子、自趋于死则倾者覆之、恢恢疏阔自无漏网、圣人诛罚一听诸天、法网愈密则不畏死者愈甚、奉天者听命而代天者专权。诸家于「善胜」「善应」或就四时生成言、或就赏罚报应言；于「𦈎然」或训宽、或训舒缓、或作坦然；于「天网」或指天道赏罚、或指自然之理、或指冥司，取径不同。" } ], "requiredSources": [ "heshanggong", "tangxuanzong" ] }, "schema": "librebook.chapter/1", "generatedAt": "2026-10-30T11:41:46.940Z", "keyPrefix": "laozi-73", "idRules": { "chapter": "章节目录名（slug），如 01；URL 为 /laozi/01/。", "sentence": "章内局部编号 sNNN，全篇引用使用 laozi-01:sNNN；页面锚点继续使用 #sNNN。", "commentary": "章内注号 cNNN，字词注 nNNN，校记 kNNN；编号在章内稳定，跨章引用时加章节前缀。", "paragraph": "章内段落号 pNNN，与 sentence.paragraph 对应。" }, "book": { "id": "laozi", "slug": "laozi", "title": "老子", "titleSimp": "老子", "author": "老聃", "authorSimp": "老聃", "era": "春秋", "eraSimp": "春秋", "editor": "河上公、王弼等", "editorSimp": "河上公、王弼等", "edition": "王弼《老子注》", "editionSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabel": "王弼《老子注》", "baseLabelSimp": "王弼《老子注》", "separationLabel": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英義疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、嚴遵指歸、李榮注、陸希聲傳、呂惠卿傳、蘇轍老子解、吳澄道德真經注、憨山道德經解、魏源老子本義、俞樾平議、王夫之老子衍十四家", "separationLabelSimp": "河上公章句、王弼注、成玄英义疏、唐玄宗御注御疏、严遵指归、李荣注、陆希声传、吕惠卿传、苏辙老子解、吴澄道德真经注、憨山道德经解、魏源老子本义、俞樾平议、王夫之老子衍十四家", "intro": "《老子》八十一章，分道經、德經。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》為底本，逐章整理正文、舊注、今譯與校記；第一至八十一章已上線，全帙完竣。", "introSimp": "《老子》八十一章，分道经、德经。LibreBook 以王弼《老子注》为底本，逐章整理正文、旧注、今译与校记；第一至八十一章已上线，全帙完竣。" }, "volume": { "id": "dejing", "order": 2, "title": "德經", "titleSimp": "德经" }, "chapter": { "id": "laozi-73", "slug": "73", "order": 73, "title": "第七十三章", "titleSimp": "第七十三章", "status": "published", "revision": "初校", "review": "待复核", "updated": "2026-10-30", "summary": "第七十三章〈任為章〉五句：勇於敢則殺，勇於不敢則活；此兩者，或利或害；天之所惡，孰知其故？是以聖人猶難之；天之道，不爭而善勝，不言而善應，不召而自來，繟然而善謀；天網恢恢，疏而不失。王夫之《老子衍》公開轉錄本止於第六十六章；俞樾《諸子平議》此章未列，故均不列。全章由勇之敢與不敢說起：勇於敢則殺身，勇於不敢則全身，二者同為勇而利害相反；天之所惡難以測知，故聖人猶以為難；天道不爭而善勝、不言而善應、不召而自來、繟然而善謀；末以天網恢恢、疏而不失總結報應之不爽。河上公題「任為第七十三」，逐句為注十條，以勇敢有為即殺身、勇於不敢則活其身，以敢與不敢並列、活身為利殺身為害，以天惡有為、誰能知天意之故而避之，以聖人之明德猶難於勇敢，以天不與人爭貴賤而人畏之、天不言而萬物應時、天不呼召而萬物負陰向陽、繟寬而善謀、天網雖疏遠而司察善惡無失。王弼注八條，以必不得其死、必齊命釋殺活，以俱勇而所施異釋利害，以誰能知天下之所惡意故唯聖人能之、聖明猶難於勇敢，以天雖不爭而天下莫能與之爭、順吉逆凶、處下則物自歸、垂象見吉凶先事設誠釋天道四句，末句無注。成玄英章義二則、疏八條，章義分全章為三別：一明凡聖二行利害不同，二明福善禍淫出乎天理，三結天網寬大而報應無差；引證以赤帝昌漢、白公殘楚、豐隆振響、鴻雁應秋為喻；疏以猛進果决、貪染死滅、虚淡長生釋殺活，以進心不敢得長生故利、進身貪染歸死滅故害釋利害，以天然之理福善禍淫、推窮報應莫知其宰釋天之所惡，以謙退卑己必獲勝善之報、禍福如影響、行業不待呼召、幽冥計算功過毫分無失、自然之網疏遠而功過無差釋天道諸句。唐玄宗御注七條、御疏九條，御注以果敢失謙柔退讓必害於身釋首句，以兩者敢與不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害釋次句，以勇敢動有害為天所惡、孰誰也故猶意故也釋天之所惡，以聖人猶難為勇敢之事、舉聖以勵凡釋猶難之，以天道謙虚、天不與物爭、福善禍淫曾無差忒、不召物而物自來、繟然寬大垂象示變、網羅恢恢刑淫賞善分毫不失釋末三句；御疏更以剛决必果、靜慎斂身知退分釋殺活，以在勇雖同所施則異申利害，以代俗之人誰能知其意故申天之所惡，以四句廣明天道謙虚、負陰抱陽春生夏長、繟然寬大垂象示變、賞善罰惡不失毫分申之。嚴遵輯文一則，以寂然蕩蕩、無所不圖釋繟然善謀。李榮八條，以烈士之勇貪利喪身、仁義全身、勇於聲色者殺身不敢情塵者活己釋首句，以殺活釋利害，以天道好生惡殺、人不識天意釋天之所惡，以天道無心與物不競、報應如影響、寒往暑來非召、大道甚夷賞罰無差、太虚為網疏密無遺釋天道諸句。陸希聲傳一段，以勇於果敢為殺之道、勇於不果敢為生之道，以天之所惡在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱為德，引《書》「高明柔克」與「為善天降之百祥，為不善天降之百殃」，以不爭而物伏、不言而民信、不期而時至、垂象見吉凶為善謀，以禁網疏緩而反道敗德者未嘗失之。呂惠卿傳一段，以剛强必於外物為死之徒、柔弱无所必為生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所惡非可以知知識識，以聖人豫若冬涉川、猶若畏四鄰為猶難，以不識不知順帝之則，以生物因材、栽者培之傾者覆之為不爭善勝，以四時行百物生為不言善應，以莫之為而為、莫之致而至為不召自來，以盈虚消息為坦然而善謀，以天聰明自我民聰明、惠吉逆凶如影響為天網疏而不失。蘇轍六條，以敢者或生不敢者或死世僥倖其或然而忽其常理、天道之遠孰知其好惡所從來、聖人猶以常為正而難之，以不與物爭於一時要於終勝、天何言哉四時行百物生、神之格思不可度思、繟然舒緩若無所營而謀度非人所及、耳目觀天見一曲不睹大全故疑天網疏而多失。吳澄三段，以用刑力之過人者為勇、敢為惡與不敢為惡分怙終故犯與眚災誤犯、虞典賊刑與眚災肆赦、老子則以敢者亦不宜殺，以天之所惡深昧難測、聖人猶有難之之意，以聖人不輕殺則為惡者漏網而天網不漏、天定勝人、報應不待召、坦然平易而巧於報應。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、報應昭然，以決定之志為勇、不計利害而決於為為敢，以敢為必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以顏夭蹠壽為當害而利當利而反害、天之所惡孰能知其故，以殺身成仁雖死亦生，以聖人猶難、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不爭善勝、感應冥符故不言善應、吉凶禍福如影響故不召自來、報愈遲而惡愈深故繟然善謀、天道如網四張善惡毫髮不遺。魏源本義三段、校記一條，以老子憫時救世、見當世勇於用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主殺不敢者主活、一利一害不可不審，以敢殺者自以為順天所惡而天意深遠、聖人於刑誅兢兢不敢輕易，以天生萬物猶父母生眾子、自趨於死則傾者覆之、恢恢疏闊自無漏網、聖人誅罰一聽諸天、網漏吞舟而奉天討以殺、法網愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者聽命代天者專權，並校「繟」河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。河上公題「任為第七十三」；成玄英、呂惠卿、蘇轍題「勇於敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陸希聲本無章題；憨山次為七十三章而無章題；吳澄、魏源均以此章與下章合為其第六十一章。諸本異文：《玄德纂疏》所引經文與御注作「知此兩者」；呂惠卿、吳澄作「坦然而善謀」；魏源校記謂河上作「墠」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文從王弼道藏本，異文見校記。", "summarySimp": "第七十三章〈任为章〉五句：勇于敢则杀，勇于不敢则活；此两者，或利或害；天之所恶，孰知其故？是以圣人犹难之；天之道，不争而善胜，不言而善应，不召而自来，𦈎然而善谋；天网恢恢，疏而不失。王夫之《老子衍》公开转录本止于第六十六章；俞樾《诸子平议》此章未列，故均不列。全章由勇之敢与不敢说起：勇于敢则杀身，勇于不敢则全身，二者同为勇而利害相反；天之所恶难以测知，故圣人犹以为难；天道不争而善胜、不言而善应、不召而自来、𦈎然而善谋；末以天网恢恢、疏而不失总结报应之不爽。河上公题「任为第七十三」，逐句为注十条，以勇敢有为即杀身、勇于不敢则活其身，以敢与不敢并列、活身为利杀身为害，以天恶有为、谁能知天意之故而避之，以圣人之明德犹难于勇敢，以天不与人争贵贱而人畏之、天不言而万物应时、天不呼召而万物负阴向阳、𦈎宽而善谋、天网虽疏远而司察善恶无失。王弼注八条，以必不得其死、必齐命释杀活，以俱勇而所施异释利害，以谁能知天下之所恶意故唯圣人能之、圣明犹难于勇敢，以天虽不争而天下莫能与之争、顺吉逆凶、处下则物自归、垂象见吉凶先事设诚释天道四句，末句无注。成玄英章义二则、疏八条，章义分全章为三别：一明凡圣二行利害不同，二明福善祸淫出乎天理，三结天网宽大而报应无差；引证以赤帝昌汉、白公残楚、丰隆振响、鸿雁应秋为喻；疏以猛进果决、贪染死灭、虚淡长生释杀活，以进心不敢得长生故利、进身贪染归死灭故害释利害，以天然之理福善祸淫、推穷报应莫知其宰释天之所恶，以谦退卑己必获胜善之报、祸福如影响、行业不待呼召、幽冥计算功过毫分无失、自然之网疏远而功过无差释天道诸句。唐玄宗御注七条、御疏九条，御注以果敢失谦柔退让必害于身释首句，以两者敢与不敢、能知不敢者有利敢者有害释次句，以勇敢动有害为天所恶、孰谁也故犹意故也释天之所恶，以圣人犹难为勇敢之事、举圣以励凡释犹难之，以天道谦虚、天不与物争、福善祸淫曾无差忒、不召物而物自来、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、网罗恢恢刑淫赏善分毫不失释末三句；御疏更以刚决必果、静慎敛身知退分释杀活，以在勇虽同所施则异申利害，以代俗之人谁能知其意故申天之所恶，以四句广明天道谦虚、负阴抱阳春生夏长、𦈎然宽大垂象示变、赏善罚恶不失毫分申之。严遵辑文一则，以寂然荡荡、无所不图释𦈎然善谋。李荣八条，以烈士之勇贪利丧身、仁义全身、勇于声色者杀身不敢情尘者活己释首句，以杀活释利害，以天道好生恶杀、人不识天意释天之所恶，以天道无心与物不竞、报应如影响、寒往暑来非召、大道甚夷赏罚无差、太虚为网疏密无遗释天道诸句。陆希声传一段，以勇于果敢为杀之道、勇于不果敢为生之道，以天之所恶在勇敢强梁、天以柔弱为德，引《书》「高明柔克」与「为善天降之百祥，为不善天降之百殃」，以不争而物伏、不言而民信、不期而时至、垂象见吉凶为善谋，以禁网疏缓而反道败德者未尝失之。吕惠卿传一段，以刚强必于外物为死之徒、柔弱无所必为生之徒，以利害或在其反、天之所恶非可以知知识识，以圣人豫若冬涉川、犹若畏四邻为犹难，以不识不知顺帝之则，以生物因材、栽者培之倾者覆之为不争善胜，以四时行百物生为不言善应，以莫之为而为、莫之致而至为不召自来，以盈虚消息为坦然而善谋，以天聪明自我民聪明、惠吉逆凶如影响为天网疏而不失。苏辙六条，以敢者或生不敢者或死世侥幸其或然而忽其常理、天道之远孰知其好恶所从来、圣人犹以常为正而难之，以不与物争于一时要于终胜、天何言哉四时行百物生、神之格思不可度思、𦈎然舒缓若无所营而谋度非人所及、耳目观天见一曲不睹大全故疑天网疏而多失。吴澄三段，以用刑力之过人者为勇、敢为恶与不敢为恶分怙终故犯与眚灾误犯、虞典贼刑与眚灾肆赦、老子则以敢者亦不宜杀，以天之所恶深昧难测、圣人犹有难之之意，以圣人不轻杀则为恶者漏网而天网不漏、天定胜人、报应不待召、坦然平易而巧于报应。憨山解一段，以天命可畏、报应昭然，以决定之志为勇、不计利害而决于为为敢，以敢为必死之地、不敢足以保身全生，以颜夭跖寿为当害而利当利而反害、天之所恶孰能知其故，以杀身成仁虽死亦生，以圣人犹难、敬畏天威，以逆天者亡故不争善胜、感应冥符故不言善应、吉凶祸福如影响故不召自来、报愈迟而恶愈深故𦈎然善谋、天道如网四张善恶毫发不遗。魏源本义三段、校记一条，以老子悯时救世、见当世勇于用刑故戒用勇不可不慎，以敢者主杀不敢者主活、一利一害不可不审，以敢杀者自以为顺天所恶而天意深远、圣人于刑诛兢兢不敢轻易，以天生万物犹父母生众子、自趋于死则倾者覆之、恢恢疏阔自无漏网、圣人诛罚一听诸天、网漏吞舟而奉天讨以杀、法网愈密不畏死者愈甚、奉天者听命代天者专权，并校「𦈎」河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，河上「疏而不失」作「勿失」。河上公题「任为第七十三」；成玄英、吕惠卿、苏辙题「勇于敢章第七十三」；王弼本、陆希声本无章题；憨山次为七十三章而无章题；吴澄、魏源均以此章与下章合为其第六十一章。诸本异文：《玄德纂疏》所引经文与御注作「知此两者」；吕惠卿、吴澄作「坦然而善谋」；魏源校记谓河上作「𫮃」、梁武作「坦」、傅奕作「默」，「疏而不失」河上作「勿失」。正文从王弼道藏本，异文见校记。", 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